Teaching children a story from a picture and a series of plot pictures. Compiling a story based on a series of plot paintings Compose a story based on an illustration
A series of plot pictures intended for independent compilation of stories by children.
Balloon.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a full answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Who and where lost the balloon?
Who found the ball on the field?
What was the mouse and what was his name?
What did the mouse do on the field?
What did the mouse do with the ball?
How did the ball game end?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "Balloon".
The girls were tearing cornflowers in the field and lost the balloon. Little mouse Mitka ran across the field. He was looking for sweet grains of oats, but instead he found a balloon in the grass. Mitka began to inflate the balloon. He blew and blew, and the ball got bigger and bigger until it turned into a huge red ball. A breeze blew, picked up Mitka with the balloon and carried him over the field.
Caterpillar house.
1. Answer the questions:
Who are we going to write about?
Tell me, what was the caterpillar and what was its name?
What did the caterpillar do in the summer?
Where did the caterpillar once crawl? What did you see there?
What did the caterpillar do to the apple?
Why did the caterpillar decide to stay in the apple?
What did the caterpillar make in her new home?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "House for the caterpillar."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
Lived - lived a young, green caterpillar. Her name was Nastya. She lived well in the summer: she climbed trees, ate leaves, basked in the sun. But the caterpillar did not have a house and she dreamed of finding it. Once a caterpillar crawled up an apple tree. I saw a big red apple and started to nibble it. The apple was so tasty that the caterpillar did not notice how it gnawed right through it. The caterpillar Nastya decided to stay in the apple. She felt warm and comfortable there. Soon the caterpillar made a window and a door in its dwelling. Got a wonderful house
New Year's preparations.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
What holiday was coming up?
Who do you think bought the tree and put it in the room?
Tell me what the tree was like.
Who came to decorate the Christmas tree? Think of names for the children.
How did the children decorate the Christmas tree?
Why was the ladder brought into the room?
What did the girl eat on top of her head?
Where did the children put the toy Santa Claus?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "New Year's preparations."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
New Year's Eve was approaching. Dad bought a tall, fluffy, green Christmas tree and put it in the hall. Pavel and Lena decided to decorate the Christmas tree. Pavel took out a box with Christmas decorations. Children hung flags and colorful toys on the Christmas tree. Lena could not reach the top of the spruce and asked Pavel to bring a ladder. When Pavel installed a ladder near the spruce, Lena attached a golden star to the top of the spruce. While Lena was admiring the decorated Christmas tree, Pavel ran to the pantry and brought a box with a toy Santa Claus. The children put Santa Claus under the Christmas tree and ran away from the hall satisfied. Today, parents will take their children to the store to choose new costumes for the New Year's carnival.
Bad walk.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Name who you see in the picture. Come up with a name for the boy and a nickname for the dog.
Where the boy walked with his dog
What did the dog see and where did it run?
Who flew out of a bright flower?
What was the little bee doing in the flower?
Why did the bee bite the dog?
What happened to the dog after the bee sting?
Tell me how the boy helped his dog?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "Unsuccessful walk".
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
Stas and the dog Soyka were walking along the alley of the park. Jay saw a bright flower and ran to smell it. The dog touched the flower with its nose and it swayed. A small bee flew out of the flower. She collected sweet nectar. The bee got angry and bit the dog on the nose. The dog's nose was swollen, tears flowed from his eyes. Jay lowered her tail. Stas was worried. He took a band-aid out of his bag and stuck it over the dog's nose. The pain subsided. The dog licked Stas on the cheek and wagged its tail. Friends hurried home.
Like a mouse painting a fence.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Come up with a nickname for the mouse that you will talk about in the story.
What did the little mouse decide to do on the day off?
What did the mouse buy in the store?
Tell me what color was the paint in the buckets
What paint did the mouse paint the fence with?
With what color paints did the mouse draw flowers and leaves on the fence?
Think of a sequel to this story.
2. Compose a story.
A sample of the story "How the mouse painted the fence."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
On the day off, the little mouse Proshka decided to paint the fence near his house. In the morning Proshka went to the store and bought three buckets of paint from the store. I opened it and saw: in one bucket - red paint, in the other - orange, and in the third bucket - green paint. Mouse Prosha took a brush and began to paint the fence with orange paint. When the fence was painted, the mouse dipped a brush in red paint and painted flowers. Prosha painted leaves with green paint. When the work was done, friends came to visit the mouse to look at the new fence.
Duckling and chicken.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Come up with nicknames for the duckling and the chicken.
What time of year is shown in the pictures?
Where do you think the duckling and the chicken went?
Tell how friends crossed the river:
Why didn't the chicken go into the water?
How did the duckling help the chick swim to the other side?
How did this story end?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "Duckling and chicken."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
On a summer day, the duckling Kuzya and the chicken Tsypa went to visit the turkey. The turkey lived with a turkey dad and a turkey mom on the other side of the river. Duckling Kuzya and chicken Tsypa came to the river. Kuzya plopped down into the water and swam. The chick did not go into the water. Chickens can't swim. Then the duckling Kuzya grabbed a green leaf of a water lily and put Chick on it. The chicken floated on a leaf, and the duckling pushed him from behind. Soon friends crossed to the other side and met with a turkey.
Successful fishing.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Who went fishing one summer? Come up with nicknames for the cat and dog.
What did your friends take with them?
Where did the friends settle down to fish?
What do you think the cat started screaming when he saw that the float went under the water?
Where did the cat throw the caught fish?
Why did the cat decide to steal the fish that the dog caught?
Tell me how the dog managed to catch the second fish.
Do you think the cat and the dog still go fishing together?
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "Successful fishing."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
One summer, Timothy the Cat and Polkan the dog went fishing. The cat took a bucket, and the dog took a fishing rod. They sat down on the bank of the river and began to fish. The float went under the water. Timofey began to shout loudly: "Fish, fish, pull, pull." Polkan pulled out the fish, and the cat threw it into the bucket. The dog threw the bait into the water a second time, but this time he caught an old boot. Seeing the boot, Timothy decided not to share the fish with Polkan. The cat quickly picked up the bucket and ran home for dinner. And Polkan poured water out of his boot, and there was another fish. Since then, the dog and the cat have not gone fishing together.
Resourceful mouse.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
Come up with a name for the girl, nicknames for a cat, a mouse.
Tell me who lived in the girl's house.
What did the girl pour into the cat's bowl?
What did the cat do?
Where did the mouse run out and what did he see in the cat's bowl?
What did the little mouse do to drink milk?
What surprised the cat when she woke up?
Think of a continuation of this story.
2. Compose a story.
Sample story "Resourceful little mouse."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
Natasha poured milk into a bowl for the cat Cherry. The cat drank a little milk, put her ears on the pillow and fell asleep. At this time, the little mouse Tishka ran out from behind the closet. He looked around and saw milk in the cat's bowl. The mouse wanted milk. He climbed onto a chair and pulled a long macaroni out of the box. The little mouse Tishka quietly crept up to the bowl, put the macaroni in milk and drank it. Cherry the cat heard a noise, jumped up and saw an empty bowl. The cat was surprised, and the mouse ran back behind the closet.
How a crow grew peas.
An adult asks the child to arrange the plot pictures in a logical sequence, answer the questions with a complete answer and compose a story on their own.
1. Answer the questions:
What time of year do you think the cockerel walked across the field?
What did the cockerel bring home?
Who noticed the rooster?
What did the crow do to eat the peas?
Why didn't the crow eat all the peas?
How did the bird sow pea seeds in the ground?
What appeared from the earth after the rain?
When did pea pods appear on plants?
Why was the crow happy?
2. Compose a story.
A sample of the story "How a crow grew peas."
The story is not read to the child, but can be used as an aid in case of difficulties in compiling a children's, author's story.
In early spring, a cockerel walked across the field and carried a heavy sack of peas over his shoulders.
The cockerel noticed the raven. She jabbed her beak at the sack and tore off the patch. Peas fell out of the bag. The crow began to feast on sweet peas, and when she had eaten, she decided to grow her crop. With its paws, the bird trampled several peas into the ground. Rain is coming. Very soon, young shoots of peas appeared from the ground. In the middle of summer, tight pods with large peas inside appeared on the branches. The crow looked at her plants and rejoiced at the rich harvest of peas that she managed to grow.
Parents often say that they do not understand painting, that they themselves can only say two words about the picture: like or dislike, beautiful or not beautiful.
But it's not as difficult as you think!
Of course, before conducting such an activity with a child, parents need to prepare. You need to find a suitable picture to compose a story.
The image in the picture should be clear to the baby, evoke some emotions, or memories from personal experience or from works of art known to him.
When selecting pictures for a story, use the following rules:
· It is desirable that the picture be drawn by great artists in the style of genre painting, so that the child joins the time-tested art from an early age.
· You can also use paintings by contemporary artists, as well as illustrators who draw pictures for children.
The action depicted in the picture should be understandable to a modern child. If the events in the picture are incomprehensible to the child, even if you tell him what is happening or could happen to the characters in the picture, it is better not to use such a picture for a story.
The picture shows children.
The painting depicts animals.
The picture depicts children and animals.
And so you picked up a picture, for example, "Morning in a Pine Forest" by I. Shishkin.
The adult invites the child to look at the picture. No need to say or explain anything in the first 2-3 minutes while the baby is looking at the picture. After the child has shifted his gaze from the picture to other objects, you can begin to ask him questions. (Approximate answers are given in parentheses.)
Questions.
1. Did you like the picture? (Yes)
2. Where does the action in the picture take place? (in the forest)
3. What trees grow in this forest? (pines)
4. If only pines grow in the forest, what is the name of such a forest? (pine)
5. What season is shown in the picture? (summer)
6. Why did you understand that it's summer? (bright green grass is visible, bears sleep in a den in winter and do not walk in the forest)
7. What time of day is shown in the picture? (morning)
8. Why did you understand that it was morning? (The sun has not yet risen high in the sky, so the forest is not completely illuminated by bright sunlight. The sun falls only on the high tops of the pines.)
9. Why do you think the tall pine fell and broke into two parts? (Apparently, there was a thunderstorm with thunder and lightning. And one lightning hit the tree directly, so the pine tree fell and broke into two parts.)
10. Who is depicted in the picture? (the Bears)
11. How many bears are in the picture? (4 bears)
12. Are all four bears the same? (Not.)
13. Do you think the big bear is a mother bear or a father bear? (mother bear)
14. Who are the other three bears? (These are bear cubs)
15. What do the cubs do? (Two bear cubs climbed a fallen tree and want to ride it like a hill, and the third has not climbed yet, but also wants to join them.)
16. What does mother bear do? (She scolds the cubs.)
17. Why does mother bear scold cubs? (He worries about them. He is afraid that the cubs are still very clumsy, that they will fall from a fallen tree and get injured.)
18. How did you understand that mother bear scolds cubs? (The bear looks at the cubs that climbed the fallen tree, her mouth is open and her teeth are visible. It is felt that she does not like the behavior of the cubs, she is angry. And the cubs that climbed the fallen tree look at the mother bear.)
19. Do you think the cubs obeyed their mother and climbed down from the fallen tree? (No)
20. Do you think mother bear will punish cubs for disobedience? (Yes)
21. How can a mother bear punish cubs? (slaps them on the bum)
22. Do you always obey your mother? (Child's answer from personal experience)
Olga Larionova
GCD. Our names and surnames.
Give value information name, surnames.
Clarify knowledge about the family, about who the relatives are.
Form an idea of the composition of the family.
Improve the ability to compose a short story, using in speech names and patronymics of relatives.
Develop connected speech.
To promote the development of cognitive interest.
Material. Portraits for the game (Nosov, Kruglov, Solntsev, Khudyakov)
Children's drawings on the topic "family".
Dictionary of names and surnames.
Literature.
1. Volchkova V. N. Stepanova N. V. Notes of classes in the senior group of kindergarten. cognitive development.
2. Ryleeva E. How to help a preschooler find his "I AM". The book is a guide for a child of 6 years.
3. Rivina E. Pedigree in childhood garden: history and image of the family / Preschool education. No. 12, 2007.
4. Sergeeva L. N. Learning to love the native word. Materials for extracurricular work in the Russian language. Novgorod. 2000.
5. Orlova E. O. Name in my life. V. Novgorod. 2004.
6. Higir B. Names and destinies. Moscow. 2004.
7 Unbegaun B. Dictionary of Russians surnames.
Lesson progress
Guys, do you remember when you first came to kindergarten?
Do you remember how you met the guys?
How do you remember your friends? (appearance, clothing, name)
Every person has a name. Say each person's name in turn. How beautiful do yours sound? names.
And by name can be found Who is this boy or girl?
So there is names, what kind?
Each name can be called affectionately. What do your parents affectionately call you?
Everyone has it the name has its own history. There is a dictionary of names. The name says a lot about a person. Naming the baby, parents choose a name and want to see their child healthy, strong, kind, beautiful in the future. Let's see what yours mean. names(we find the meaning of names in the dictionary).
Fizkultminutka. Children become in a circle, leading in the center, throws the ball to the child. In response, the child must name.
1. Name three girls name.
2. Name (for example, Polina) affectionately.
3. What is your mother's name?
4. What is your sister's name?
5. Name three boys name.
6. Name your dad affectionately.
The name of the child is chosen by the parents, and one chooses a last name?
The surname comes from the father. And dad got it from whom (from grandfather)
Can you live without surnames?
Very hard. We have two Nastya in the group. How do we distinguish them?
Once upon a time, there were not very many people on Earth, everyone had a name, and last name was not. But more and more people began to invent surnames. Surnames they came up with in appearance, for example, a person looks like a hare, became Zaitsev, looks like a titmouse, became Sinitsyn. They came up with a profession, for example, he was a blacksmith, Kuznetsov became. And most often from name, for example, dad Sergei, so the whole Sergeev family has become.
To find out where your surnames Let's look in the dictionary.
The game. Look, the artist painted several portraits, but forgot to sign surnames. Try to guess which of these people are Nosov, Kruglov, Solntsev, Khudyakov.
You and I have a name, we have surname What else is there that we forgot? While Katya is small, they call her Katya. And when she grows up, what will she be called?
Who do we get the patronymic from?
Guys, what do you think, what is a family?
These are people who love each other, help each other, care for each other. Family unites relatives: parents and children, grandparents, brothers, sisters. This our relatives, relatives, relatives.
Cyril prepared a poem for us today. Listen carefully to hear who is the relative in the poem?
Mom and dad are my relatives,
I have no relatives.
And sister relatives, and brother,
And a lop-eared puppy Tishka.
I love my family very much
Soon I will buy gifts for everyone
Papa will have a motorboat,
Mom in the kitchen - a magic brush
Real hammer - brother
Ball - sister, candy - Tishka
And I also have a friend
Friend Seryozhka is also related to me
I run to him in the morning
Without him, the game is not a game for me
I tell him all the secrets
I will give him everything in the world.
Do you think that all the characters in this poem are members of the same family?
This poem is humorous. Not all of his characters are members of the same family. Mom, dad, sister, brother - this is relatives. Friend Seryozhka is not a family member and not a relative. He is a friend, and for every person it is very important to have not only relatives, but also friends. We love our pets and take good care of them. Puppy Tishka can be considered a member of the family. But he is not a person, therefore he is not related to the hero of the poem.
Finger gymnastics.
This finger is a grandfather
This finger is a grandmother,
This finger is daddy
This finger is a mother.
This finger is our baby!
His name is Vanyusha!
Outcome. And now let's remember, in drawing you painted your family.
Who wants to tell about their family from a drawing?
Olga Viktorovna Chistyakova
Making up a story from a picture
Dear teachers and parents!
The proposed manual will help you in the classes on the development of the speech of your children.
From how developed the speech of the child, directly depends on his success not only in acquiring literacy, but also in learning in general. Speech development is an indicator of both the level of intelligence and the level of culture. Unfortunately, the oral speech of younger students is often poor and monotonous, limited by a very meager vocabulary, so the creation of even a small written text causes serious difficulties for children.
As a rule, the text created by the student consists of short and similar sentences. The logical sequence is often violated in it, the boundaries of sentences are incorrectly defined, the same words are unreasonably repeated. The task of parents and teachers is to constantly develop the oral and written speech of children. To teach a child to compose a coherent story, to write essays means to teach them to correctly, consistently and beautifully express their thoughts.
Speech development work is very time-consuming, requiring a lot of time. It is easiest and most effective to start learning using visual material. In our manual you will find a colored tab with pictures, according to which classes with younger students were developed.
Those caring parents who are concerned about the problem of developing literate speech in their children will find all the necessary recommendations in this book.
The manual briefly outlines the main theoretical issues: types of texts, types of essays on the picture, the methodology for working on them.
The practical part contains preparatory exercises and essay plans, key words and phrases (the so-called speech blanks), as well as sample essays based on the proposed pictures.
The manual considers only descriptive texts and narrative texts. Do not forget that in primary school work is mainly aimed at creating mixed texts (narrative texts with elements of description or elements of reasoning). Here are the following types of essays in the picture:
1) essay-description of a separate subject;
2) an essay-description of a natural phenomenon;
3) an essay-description based on a series of plot pictures;
4) essay-narration based on a plot picture;
5) essay-narrative based on a series of plot pictures.
At first, you can limit yourself to an oral story from a picture,
and then move on to writing the text. Classes should not be held on a case-by-case basis. Only systematic training will give a positive result.
We wish you success!
Text are two or more sentences related in meaning. The text is devoted to a certain topic and has a main idea.
Topic text - what the text says.
The basic idea text - what the author wants to convince the reader.
Each text has a title - title. To title the text, it is necessary to briefly name its topic or main idea.
Usually the text consists of three parts.
1. Introduction.
2. The main part.
3. Conclusion.
Each part of the text is written from the red line.
There are three types of texts: description, narrative, reasoning.
Description- a text that describes objects, people, animals, plants or natural phenomena. The purpose of the description is to give the most complete, accurate information about the subject.
To the text-description it is possible to put questions what? which? which?
The descriptive text is full of adjectives, comparisons, figurative expressions.
Descriptive text outline.
1. Introduction (subject of description).
2. The main part (characteristic features of the subject).
3. Conclusion (assessment).
Narration- a text that tells about an event or event.
To the text-narrative, you can put the question what does it do?
Narrative text uses verbs.
Narrative text plan.
1. Introduction (starting action).
2. Main part (development of action).
3. Conclusion (denouement).
Narrative text is the most accessible type of composition for a child.
reasoning- a text that talks about the causes of phenomena or events.
To the text-reasoning, you can ask the question why?
The reasoning text uses words that indicate the connection of thoughts: firstly, secondly, thirdly, because, therefore, consequently, finally, so etc.
The plan of the text-reasoning.
1. Introduction (thesis).
2. Main part (evidence).
3. Conclusion (conclusion).
METHODOLOGY OF WORKING ON A STORY BY PICTURE
Story by picture- this is a presentation of one's thoughts, feelings according to an illustration, a drawing in a book.
This type of work not only develops the child’s oral and written speech, but also forms his ability to delve into the meaning and content of the picture and control that fiction does not contradict reality, and also enriches the student’s vocabulary.
When working on an essay on a picture, you can follow a certain procedure.
1. Create an emotional mood for the lesson, interest the child in this type of work.
2. Give the child the opportunity to carefully examine the picture (if this is a series of plot pictures and their sequence is broken, then ask him to restore the order of the pictures).
3. Answer the child's questions, if any, and then ask your own: on the content of the picture, identifying the theme and main idea, mood and feelings associated with the perception of the picture.
4. Discuss possible heading options together and choose the best one.
5. Make a plan for a future essay.
To make a plan essay means to title each part of it. Remember that the title should reflect the theme or main idea of each section. When working on a series of plot pictures, making a plan means giving each picture a title.
6. Do lexical work: select synonyms, comparisons, figurative expressions, determine the exact meaning of words, etc.
7. Ask the child to tell the resulting text according to the plan, using key words and phrases.
In a friendly tone, point out shortcomings and factual errors, and correct them together.
8. Give your child time to write their own essay. (At this time, an adult can also try his hand at writing an essay).
If a child has questions about writing any words or punctuation marks during work, do not ask to remember the rule, say the correct answer, do not distract him from the creative process.
It is important that the child does not feel fear of corrections, so show how to carefully cross out a misspelled word or letter.
Have your child check their work first. Put a spelling dictionary in front of him and teach him how to use it. Then check your essay yourself. Never use a red pen! Take a green pen and mark in the margins with the signs "+" or "!" what the child did (a well-chosen comparison, a correctly composed sentence, etc.). First, praise him for the good moments in his work, and then correctly tell him where there are mistakes, find them together and correct them.
Read your essay or a sample essay from this book to your child. Give him the opportunity to check your work, find advantages and disadvantages in it (you can use your own work evaluation system, for example, draw a funny or upset face).
10. At the end of the lesson, thank each other for the pleasant moments of communication, share your feelings and impressions, agree on the next lesson.
And a few more tips.
Never throw away children's writing! Collect them in a separate folder, organize a home exhibition of the best work of the child, ask your grandmother, classmate and other close people to read the essay.
When choosing a drawing for a lesson, keep in mind that a narrative essay based on a series of plot pictures is the simplest form of writing.
Essay-narration based on a plot picture is more difficult than the previous one. Here the child must be able to use his knowledge, his life experience to create a plot in his imagination.
Description writing is the most difficult form of writing.
ESSAY-DESCRIPTION OF A INDIVIDUAL SUBJECT
I. Preparatory work.
1. Answer the questions.
What vegetable is shown in the picture?
What shape is this vegetable?
What is the size, color, flavor of the tomato?
Does this vegetable have a smell?
What are your favorite dishes with tomatoes?
