Which hammer drill is best for home. Choosing a drill for home use: recommendations and tips

If in the process of construction or repair it is necessary to drill concrete or brick, then you cannot do without an impact mechanism. However, for home use, a full-fledged puncher is hardly suitable - it is a highly specialized and massive tool. Impact drills are widespread, so we have compiled a selection of the best models based on their parameters and user preferences.

This tool is capable of performing work on metal, stone, ceramics, wood, etc. and is perfect for home use. The drill is equipped with a fairly powerful motor (750 W), light weight and the function of adjusting the number and speed of revolutions.

Pros of the model:

• anti-slip coating;
• reliable fixation of nozzles;
• low noise;
• versatility;
• long and soft cord;
• ergonomic design.

• lack of a case in the configuration and lighting;
• inconvenient switch of the direction of rotation;
• the occurrence of the runout effect due to the appearance of the drill axial play during long-term use.

Universal tool Sparky BUR 150CET KL

This model has a light weight (1.5 kg) and a comfortable design, so even after several hours of operation, you will not feel fatigue. This drill is suitable for users who plan to do large amounts of work around the house or who are finishing from scratch. The tool is versatile and combines the capabilities of a drill, screwdriver and hammer drill.

Advantages:

• lack of loud noise;
• high build quality, durable body and parts;
• overload fuse;
• reasonable price (about 4600 rubles);
• regulation of rotation speed;
• safety (thanks to the self-disconnecting brush).

Disadvantages:

• lack of a complete set of a case;
• long start;
• with prolonged operation, the beating of the cartridge appears.

Makita HP 2051 F - 2 Speed ​​Model

This drill is chosen if you have to often carry out construction and repair work and the processing of brick, stone, metal, concrete, wood, etc. The device is durable and functional, therefore it is suitable not only for home but also for professional use.

• robust metal housing protects the gearbox from damage;
• bright backlight in any conditions guarantees comfortable work;
• lack of loud noise during work;
• electronic speed control makes the process easier and more convenient;
• the presence of a case in the kit.

• plastic wire;
• deep cartridge;
• difficulty holding the drill in the chuck under strong mechanical stress.

Metabo SBE 900 Impuls - the epitome of German quality

The model is ideal for home use. It allows you to make holes in various materials. A special alloy is used for the manufacture of the case, and due to well-thought-out aerodynamics, the ingress of dust on the user is excluded. Includes long handle, drill depth gauge and handy case.

Advantages:

• high power (900 W);
• the presence of a pulse mode;
• long cord (4 m);
• two-speed gearbox (drilling frequency from 0 to 3100 rpm);
• suitable for work in hard-to-reach places.

Disadvantages:

• rather heavy weight (2700 g without accessories);
• chuck does not hold large diameter drills very well.

Bison MASTER DU-810 ERM2 - a budget option with a decent package

Such a drill has a high motor power - 810 watts. When choosing this tool for home use, it should be borne in mind that it only has a high-speed mode. The complete set of the model includes a key for the chuck, an additional handle and a depth gauge for drilling and chipping.

• good ergonomics;
• cheapness (2500 rubles);
• speed control function;
• the presence of a reverse function;
• ease of use (fits comfortably in the hand).

• difficult to drill at an angle;
• turnkey cartridge;
• tight switch.

Makita HP2070F Functional Impact Drill

This tool is capable of forming holes in metal, brick and wood, as well as twisting and unscrewing hardware. Due to its high performance (1010 W), it can be used to carry out large amounts of work. It has 2 operating speeds and a reverse function, it is possible to adjust the number of revolutions.

Advantages:

• the presence of double insulation and a trip clutch;
• compactness and low weight (2400 g);
• overheating prevention;
• 2-stage mechanical transmission.

Disadvantages:

• not long enough cord (2.5 m);
• the safety split clutch does not always cope with its functions.

Interskol DU-13 / 750T T - compact and inexpensive drill

This budget tool has a rather modest package, which includes a chuck, side grip and drill depth stop. The model is equipped with a reverse function and speed control. The comfortable grip allows the device to lie comfortably in your hand, so the work will be comfortable.

• low cost (about 3000 rubles);
• good power (750 W);
• lock for the power button;
• compactness and ease of use.

• rigid cable;
• turnkey cartridge;
• no case included.

Impact drills vary in price, power and purpose, and all 3 factors should be taken into account when choosing. Of course, you can purchase the most powerful tool, but professional models are more narrowly focused, and such a drill cannot be called universal. Therefore, for household chores, if you do not plan to drill a large number of holes every day, an amateur tool of medium power is quite suitable.

It is difficult to choose a drill: there are many types, a lot of features, a lot of technical characteristics. If you don't want to waste your money, then you have to delve into all this. I am sure that together we will cope, since we have already worked out some consumer tricks.

How the drill was tempered

Any master will say that the drill is the most important tool. Even those construction specialists who (apparently) do not use it, do not argue with this, although in fact, some mixers, and electric screwdrivers, and screwdrivers are called drills by many manufacturers. Even rotary hammers can be safely considered the direct relatives of hole drilling machines. Hand drills working on muscle power (at least their real prototypes) have been known somewhere since the Renaissance, and the simplest devices for drilling work have been used for several thousand years and occupy their places of honor in many archaeological museums around the world.

It was possible to mechanize, or rather, electrify the process (steam drives already took place) at the end of the 19th century, then more or less compact electric motors appeared, which once again turned the world upside down. In 1889, Arthur James Arnot (future employee of Black & Decker) from Melbourne for the first time transmitted electrical energy to a drill, the task was to optimize the process of drilling stone and coal - so to speak, an industrial version. In 1895, the brothers Karl and Wilhelm Fein from Stuttgart distinguished themselves. They managed to create a drill that you can hold in your hands - a construction and household option. Two years later, AEG released the first production car similar to its modern counterparts. Further, almost nothing fundamentally changed, work was carried out only to improve the drill - ergonomics, productivity, safety, additional functions.

The first electric drill of the firm "Fine", 1895

Now, probably every man has a drill, well, at least almost all of us have thought about purchasing it at least once. It is the best-selling instrument in any country in the world. Popular recognition is not at all accidental. The drill allows you to drill a variety of materials, drill with a blow, screw fasteners, clean and grind surfaces, mix inhomogeneous solutions, and cut threads. Some manufacturers offer a lot of special attachments that make it possible to use a drill as a jigsaw, milling cutter, planer ... The usefulness of this functionality is very controversial, but there is a possibility itself, and it warms up.

If earlier in our country it was necessary to “get out” the drill, now you just have to go to any specialized store or market, and you will see just a huge assortment. There are so many models and whole classes that not only amateurs at home, but also experienced craftsmen can get lost in the instrumental variety - demand creates supply. Our common task is to understand all the nuances of electric drills, to make the selection process as conscious and comfortable as possible.

What is a household drill

Many are wondering about the "professional suitability" of a household tool. What kind of cars are these that are several times cheaper than their older brothers? What is the difference? What are they for? Why do companies with near-space technologies make simplified versions of their products? Everything is extremely simple: not everyone needs a drill to work with it around the clock, there are people who have it peacefully resting in the closet / garage until an urgent need to hang a picture or repair a stool. Hobby class machines have been created for the home craftsman. You should not include cheap Chinese brands and outright fakes here - often this is an unsuitable and unsafe tool for work. And, on the contrary, domestic units (some experts indiscriminately classify them as household units) are also not from this series - they are quite competitive in commercial use. The amateur class is a special line of tools or products of individual divisions of reputable world firms that are ready and able to make a special offer to a special consumer (in terms of "price / quality / functionality").

It may seem that the companies "choke" professional copies, but this is not entirely true, they create completely different machines. The main feature of a household drill is that they can be operated no more than 4 hours a day, according to the “one to one” scheme (we work fifteen / twenty minutes, we rest the same amount). Why is that? A simple design, less durable materials, and weaker engines are usually used here. Professional drills have more powerful motors, wear-resistant parts, better protection against aggressive influences (dust, moisture, vibration). What do the developers of a household drill give us in return, besides a favorable price:

1. Extended functionality - as an illustration, a percussion instrument, and even with a reverse (drill, drill, screw), for example, let's take a Bosch PSB 500 RE. Professional machines have a much narrower specialization.
2. Good ergonomics. We have a low weight due to the use of less powerful motors, the absence of a metal gear case, and lightweight parts. The body is replete with soft inserts and overlays. The machine is supplied with a keyless chuck. Original product design (Black & Decker KR753).
3. Protection from inexperienced users. Power performance is limited and operator safety is improved.
4. Wide range of equipment. In the briefcase, you can find a set of drills, a spare chuck, a bit holder.
5. Long warranty period. Some manufacturers offer 2 years instead of the one for professional models.

Further, we will recall more than once the division of drills into "pro / hobby", but for now, let's summarize what has been said. A household tool definitely has a right to exist, it will perfectly cope with all tasks, provided that the loads are moderate. The commercial or amateur use of a particular drill is always indicated in the passport. Another reliable sign is the continuous operation time of a professional drill (at least 45 minutes), and it must also withstand a work shift of at least 7-8 hours.

Drills for special purposes

A drill is a multifunctional tool in principle, but for the comfortable performance of specific tasks, some models are distinguished by a special design, a set of peculiar characteristics. Let's take a closer look at them.

Hammer drill

A hammer drill can help to drill into lightweight concrete or masonry; for work on soft materials, the function is disabled. Let's say right away that this is not a hammer drill: the impact power here is ten times less (joules are not even indicated in the manual) and the principle of operation of the beating mechanism is different. In an impact drill, the main work is performed by a ratchet, consisting of gear couplings, which, under load, are disconnected (one of them slides off the other) and the shaft moves progressively.

In the hammer drill, the blow is obtained from the work of a special "drunken" bearing and pneumatic elements. If the drilling function for a rock drill is the main one, then for a drill the hammer mode is just an auxiliary function. Firstly, it can only take light concrete and brick, and, secondly, such a mechanism serves for a very short time, and thirdly, other parameters of the tool suffer a little (the mass increases, there are spindle backlash, the accuracy of shockless drilling worsens).

The impact force of the drill and its resource directly depend on the pressing force of the tool, on the strength and geometric characteristics of the gears, on the location of the ratchet (the farther from the chuck, the weaker the drilling).

So, a hammer drill is a good solution for infrequent drilling operations "10 minutes a year", an amateur option. These units in no way can replace a hammer drill, while the known versatility will have to pay off by lowering some of the standard characteristics. There are no rules without exception, impact drills can also be found in professional lines (Bosch GSB 16 RE, Makita HP2071).

Drill for screwing fasteners

Working with fasteners is one of the most important functions of a drill, you can clamp a bit and twist self-tapping screws into the chuck of any of them, but some machines are better suited for this than others:

1. The presence of a reverse is a very important point, since the screws have to be unscrewed from time to time during operation, fortunately, this function is available in almost all modern drills.
2. Variable speed. It is impossible to work with self-tapping screws at high speed - it is necessary to lower it. There are preset options, a sensitive button is used, a multi-position gearbox (several speeds).
3. Pulse mode (short-term shocks). It is good for dismantling consumables.
4. The removable chuck sometimes allows the bit shank to be installed directly into the spindle (Kress 650 BS). The dimensions of the machine are reduced, its weight is reduced.
5. Torque adjustment. Such a function is considered very specific, it is characteristic of a tool that is allocated to a special class (screwdriver). Read more about cordless screwdrivers in the article "How to choose a cordless screwdriver".

Perhaps, it is worth mentioning screwdrivers with automatic cassette self-tapping screws, a very convenient device for large-scale fastening work (for example, Makita 6844).

Drill mixer

Many drills (if not talking about "clean" mixers with a rim cartridge) with a capacity of 1000 watts or more are capable of mixing viscous solutions. For such work, they are often assembled with extended auxiliary and D-shaped main handles (Makita 6300-4). In addition to this, the powerful drills have a multi-speed gearbox, which allows downshifts with increasing torque (Bosch GRW 11 E). The high power of such machines and the presence of several protection systems make it possible to install large equipment in them: large-diameter drills, crowns (including for diamond drilling). Many of these drills have a breakaway sleeve to protect the worker and machine from damage in the event of a jam (Makita DBM080).

Bosch GRW 11 E

Angle drill

Usually these are lightweight compact machines designed for work in hard-to-reach places. They are equipped with an angular gearbox, so the spindle and accessories are located to the axis of the body at a right angle (as in angle grinders), for example, Makita DA3011F. Otherwise, the angle drill does not have any special differences, well, except that their power is mostly low and the impact function cannot be. A real alternative to the highly specialized angle drill is the standard model angle bits for special tasks.

Makita DA3011F

Choosing the right drill

Power characteristics

On average, the power of drills is in the range of 500-900 watts, stronger machines also exist, but their lot is very large drilling or mixing viscous solutions (Metabo B32 / 3 - 1.8 kW). We always mention that extra motor power affects the dimensions and weight of the product, but in the case of a drill, these moments are not so critical, unless, of course, it is purchased as a screwdriver. Only a sufficiently powerful power plant will be able to provide the necessary torque, the reserve of which is simply necessary for drilling large and deep holes, for frequent manipulations with durable materials.

Spindle speed. The passports indicate the nominal idle speed, the higher it is, the cleaner the hole is and the more opportunities for a low-power tool (such a scheme is often used in household models). Also, it makes sense to select a high speed for a hammer drill, and if the device will be periodically used for grinding / polishing. For work with fasteners - a high speed is not needed (400-500 rpm will fit), so you should definitely check the efficiency of the speed controllers.

Power / frequency / torque indicators are tightly interconnected: when one of them changes, others inevitably change - you need to choose in a complex. Better yet, concentrate on the maximum tool diameters for various materials, these characteristics will tell much more eloquently about the tool.

Drill design features and auxiliary systems

Reverse makes it possible to unscrew the fasteners and release the stuck equipment. A checkbox, a through button or a 90 ° rotation of the brush unit (Metabo UHE 2850) relative to the collector (allows you to save power during reverse movement) changes the activation of the electric motor. A good reverse is close at hand and can be easily translated into various positions, but it is even better if it is associated with the start button so that there is no possibility of switching when the engine is running. Ideal reverse provides equal torque to both sides (usually the twisting movement is much weaker).

Multi-position gearbox designed to downshift and increase torque. First speed - low frequency and high torque, second / third speed - high frequency and low thrust. Obviously, machines with this design are much more functional than others, since when switching speeds, the output power does not change (Makita HP 2070).

Cartridge characteristics. Basically, there are two types of chucks: key chucks and keyless chucks. The first type for changing the equipment will require the use of a special key, but it is reasonably considered more reliable, therefore it is used for powerful devices and percussion drills.

Keyless chucks (BZP) are operated only by hand, there is no need for an additional tool. The keyless chuck with one sleeve is tightened with one hand, it can be done even with gloves, it is used only with a spindle locking mechanism (push-button or automatically), for example, as in the Kress 850 SB-2 model. The two-sleeve chuck should be twisted with both hands. BZP is a very convenient thing (you do not need to constantly look for an elusive key and tie it to a cord, your hands are not injured by the corrugation of the gear-crown mechanism), but sometimes users have complaints about their reliability and durability. High quality keyless chucks cost a lot of money, and sooner or later the chuck has to be changed.

It is worth paying special attention to the maximum bore diameter of the chuck. The minimum is usually not limited (sometimes the cams converge almost to zero, more often up to 1.5 mm), but there is always an upper limit. It is traditionally 10, 13 or 16 mm. Naturally, such restrictions depend on the power characteristics of the machine and are subject to them. The "ten" chuck is placed on a light tool, the 16th drill will be pulled only by a powerful drill, 13 - the diameter of the middle ones.

Metal gearbox cover directly indicates that the instrument belongs to the professional class. Thanks to this design, heat is better dissipated from moving parts, high stability of the unit is ensured, although the weight of the drill will inevitably increase.

Electronic speed control. This is something different than permutation of gearbox speeds. In this case, using a thyristor or rheostat. Full-wave adjustment is provided by the degree of pressing the sensitive start key, press harder - higher speed. The rotational speed can be set in steps, for this a special wheel (Hitachi D10VC2) or a slide switch is used - this control is usually carried out on the body.

Note that when making electronic adjustments, we limit the power output of the instrument, which is not the case with mechanical presetting.

Advanced models have frequency control system under load(constant electronics), thanks to which the machine monitors the load and maintains the set parameters due to the power reserves of the motor. It turns out that we can not only fine-tune the tool for a specific material, but also avoid jamming with a sharp change in density or an increase in pressure (AEG SB 22 2E).

I have high-tech drills winding temperature sensors, which eliminates the possibility of damage to the motor during overloads. In critical cases, the power is automatically turned off, or LED indication is triggered.

For powerful drills, it will be very relevant soft start system, which slowly accelerates the equipment to optimal speed (it is easier to start drilling exactly at the mark), excluding starting jerks (increases the durability of transmission elements) and overloading of electrical networks (AEG SB2E 1200 RST).

Drill impulse helps to unscrew stuck fasteners, start drilling without punching, "defeat" too hard material. It is interesting that such a system works on the principle of a load jump, as with inrush currents (Metabo SBE 900 IMPULS). Using this function within reasonable limits will allow you to solve a number of complex problems, but it should be understood that in this mode the tool works extremely, the wear of the most important units increases.

Another point is the opportunity latching the power button when turned on(SPARKY BUR 150CET). What does it do? First, while working, you can release the key and change the grip of the instrument, just relax your hand. Secondly, only such drills can be installed permanently on a tripod or in a magnetic stand (Metabo B 7532/4), resulting in a lightweight drilling machine.

The most important little things

• Choosing a specific model, it is not enough just to understand the technical characteristics of the tool, you also need to find your own, the most convenient one.
• We always recommend that you "shake" the machine thoroughly in your hands, paying particular attention to the configuration and type of handles, both main and auxiliary. Someone will like thin handles more, someone more voluminous. Feel the pads, it is better if they have a corrugation and a non-slip surface.
• Try to feel the weight distribution of the drill, there are very interesting options in this regard, for example, with a pistol grip shifted forward (DeWalt DWD215G).
• Be sure to evaluate the accessibility of all controls, their information content and ease of switching.
• Take a look at the length of the power cord and the material it is made from. The soft, long cable will greatly enhance the comfort of on-site work.
• Check how well the chuck holds the drill, how easy / difficult it is to change, what is its real minimum and maximum (drill diameter).
• Feel the machine for spindle play.
• Run the drill in different modes, try to identify possible beats, noises, power loss under load.
• Pay attention to the possibility of a permanent installation. Typically, a tripod seat is 43 mm in diameter.
• Compare the packaging of competing products. Case, drills, metal depth gauge, spare chuck - all these things, if they are branded (!), Cost a lot.

Once again, I would like to say, choose the tool based on the predicted loads. Emphasize the maximum allowable rig size. Do not chase for additional gadgets "to be". Keep in mind that only the part that is not in the structure does not break in the tool.

Drill- a tool focused on performing a whole range of tasks. Drilling holes, tightening nuts, mixing liquids of different consistencies are just a small part of the work that can be entrusted to him without fear. That is why the question of which impact drill to choose worries all those who are accustomed to rely solely on their own experience and knowledge in carrying out repair and finishing work. So, what should you consider when purchasing this indispensable assistant?

Impact drill: benefits

The construction market today offers a large selection of electric drills. Drill-screwdriver, angle, drill-mixer, drill-perforator ... It is not difficult to get lost in such a variety. However, the hammer drill, which is the main object of this article, compares favorably with the listed samples. How? Let's figure it out.

Hammer drill- the device is universal. The main difference is the special movement mechanism of the drill, which performs not only rotational, but also reciprocating movements. This advantage of the hammer drill mechanism allows you to work with any materials: wood, metal, plastic, brick, concrete.

But this is not the only plus. The best impact drills are high-powered devices used to:

• threading in metal;
• screwing in and out of screws;
• drilling in wood, metal, natural stone;
• making holes in concrete and brick.

How to Choose an Impact Drill?

Choosing a hammer drill that will honorably fulfill the tasks assigned to it presupposes, first of all, the presence of theoretical knowledge. You cannot choose a tool without having an idea of ​​what elements it consists of.

The "heart" of the drill is engine... The power can vary from 400 to 1500 watts.

It is important!
The power of the two-speed models is over 700 watts.

A wide range of motors provides an opportunity to choose the best option for each. It is also pleasing that brand manufacturers have put on stream the production of compact but efficient engines.

Impact drills are supplied reducer(one or two speed). The second, of course, is better, because its torque limit is greater. Please note that the higher the numerical expression of the gearbox, the easier it will be for the engine to work with ring picks and screws. High-speed specimens have a small torque limit, although during homework this minor minus will not bring inconvenience.

The "Start" button is designed to adjust the number of revolutions. It is impossible to change the set parameters during operation - the regulator (wheel) is aligned with the switch. On the bottom left, there is usually a speed switch, and on the top there is a kick function switch. The handle of a quality drill is equipped with rubber pads that reduce vibration and increase comfort when using the device.

Reverse rotation (reverse) option is available in almost every modern model. It is necessary to wedge the drill and unscrew the screws. Another useful feature is overload protection... For example, if the drill unexpectedly jams, the safety mechanism will stop the tool and protect the gearbox and motor from failure.

Sometimes the hammer drill is supplemented quick-clamping or toothed chuck... You will not need additional devices to fix the first one, but when fixing the second one you cannot do without a special key. Of no small importance is length of cable... Too long will confuse and interfere, too short - to constrain movement. The best option is 4 meters.

So, a general idea of ​​how an impact drill works has been obtained, which means that you can proceed to an overview of popular models.

Characteristics of the most popular models

There are so many models of multifunctional drills that even "advanced" builders will involuntarily think about the question - which hammer drill is better? The merits of this or that brand - below.

Impact drill Bosch

Rated power - 1010 W. They are supplied with keyless chucks, have a reverse, a choice of the number of revolutions. Electronic control. Particularly interesting is the GSB 13 RE drill - an excellent professional model characterized by light weight and precision. Replacing the drill is simplified with one hand movement, and the Precise Drill Start option eliminates the need for punching. The number of revolutions is set by means of the adjusting wheel. The comfortable grip allows for easy, fast and comfortable work.

Impact drill Makita

No less demanded solution of diverse tasks. Masterly copes with drilling holes in metal, concrete, stone. The rotation speed is set by a switch equipped with a lock key. The well-thought-out design of the reverse not only helps to quickly change the direction of rotation, but also extends the service life of the device by 2 times. The side handle can be locked in any position. Supplemented with a depth gauge.

Impact drill Interscope

It has a lot of advantages. One of the main things is acceptable cost. The average price range is $ 90. The power consumption of the tool with a key chuck is up to 1000 W, weighs a little more than 2 kg and makes about 2500 revolutions at idle. Drilling diameter - 16-40 mm (depending on the characteristics of the material).

Drills DeWALT

A large system of service options and high reliability allow the use of hammer drills from this manufacturer for long-term work. The cable length is 4 meters. The side handle can be rotated 360 degrees. The two-speed gearbox is tuned for quiet and smooth drilling. The high torque will make it easier to loosen stuck screws and bolts. The developers even took into account the size of the trigger - it is enlarged, which makes it easier to press with two fingers, as well as work with thick gloves.

Impact Drill Hitachi

Electric drills from a Japanese manufacturer are recognized for their high quality workmanship. The main advantages are enviable performance, comfortable design, durable body and excellent technical characteristics. In short, if you are looking for a time-tested assistant, then the Hitaci drills are what you need.

Drills ProTool

General properties: die-cast body, well thought-out shape, the presence of an additional handle, a device for screwing and centering. Almost every model is equipped with a slip clutch. The scope of delivery includes a handy case for storage and transportation.

First of all, you should decide on the scope of tasks for which the tool is purchased. Pay close attention to the main characteristics. High RPM units make clean, neat holes.

It is important!
For domestic use, a drill that makes up to 2900 rpm is quite enough.

Don't overlook the issue of ergonomics and vibration protection. The battery must be capacious, because the operating time depends on it. Many professional drills come with two batteries: one is working, the other is charging. If it takes from 3 to 7 hours to recharge a household model, then a professional drill will be ready for work in a maximum of an hour.

Now you know what criteria to focus on when choosing an impact drill, which means that you can easily purchase a good, high-quality device for all occasions.

How to choose a drill: video

1. Main characteristics
2. Structural elements
3. Models
4. Bosch
5. Makita
6. Hitachi
7. Metabo
8. Interskol
9. Vortex

Using a drill, holes are formed, dismantling, fasteners are screwed in, mortars are mixed, and other construction operations are performed. The nature of the work depends on the attachment and the technical capabilities of the tool model. The article is devoted to drills with a percussion mechanism.

Main characteristics

The drill in hammer drills rotates and reciprocates to make holes in virtually any material. This functionality brings the tool closer to a hammer drill.

The principle of operation is based on drilling, while the hammer drill is characterized by chiselling... This is their main difference.

An impact drill is purchased when the power of conventional drilling equipment is insufficient or when processing hard surfaces in which it is difficult to form a hole is required.

Structural elements

The basis of the tool is a 400–1500 W motor. Two-speed electric drills are usually equipped with a 700-watt motor or more.

Equipment with a powerful, efficient motor is often compact.

The corded hammer drill is equipped with a reducer, one- or two-speed. The two-speed models have an increased torque limit. High-speed performance is lower, but this feature does not cause any inconvenience in household work.

Reverse (reverse movement) allows you to wedge the drill, unscrew the screws. The option is available in almost all professional models.

Overload protection prevents damage to the motor and gearbox when the drill is jammed. Essential for the safe use of power tools.

Keyless chuck and toothed chuck can be installed on the drill with impact... In the first case, no additional fixation devices are required. The toothed element is fastened with a special key.

When choosing a unit, you need to focus on the length of the cable.

A four-meter cord is optimal.

Models

Impact drills from Bosch, Makita, Metabo, DeWALT, Hammer, Skil, Hitachi, Einhell are often used. From domestic manufacturers they choose the trade marks Zubr, Whirlwind, Interskol, Fiolent.

Bosch

Products with keyless chuck, reversing mechanism and engine speed governor. Working with samples is convenient and safe: there is electronic control... Good models: PSB 650 RE, PSB 500 RE, PSB 530 RE, PSB 750 RCE, PSB 450 RE, GSB 16 RE, GSB 1300. So, the Bosch GSB 1300 impact drill weighs 1.8 kg, is compact, has a power of 550 W, suitable for various repair and construction tasks.

Makita

Models HP1630KX2, HP1620, HP1621F, HP1641F, HP1640K and HP1630K are used for drilling holes in stone, metal, brick, concrete. The speed controller has a locking function. The reversible mechanism allows you to change the direction of rotation of the drill.

Hitachi

Japanese electric drills with a percussion mechanism are distinguished by their quality, reliability, and high performance. The tools have a comfortable design and a sturdy body. Hitachi FDV16VB2, Hitachi DV13VSS and Hitachi DV16VSS are often chosen.

Metabo

The Metabo SBE 650 is equipped with a convenient speed control system. An additional front handle allows efficient distribution of the load between two hands, which has a positive effect on drilling accuracy.

Skil

The American company in 1996 became part of the transnational corporation Bosch. In the line of impact drills, the Skil 6950 AD Torro model stands out, designed for drilling holes in surfaces made of metal, plastic, brick, wood. The economical and efficient unit is equipped with all the necessary functions and is suitable for household work.

Interskol

Universal impact drills are distinguished by drilling accuracy, high productivity, and build quality. Good models: DU-13 / 580ER, DU-13 / 750ER, DU-16 / 1000ER. Tools with a magnesium alloy gearbox, which prevents overheating during long-term continuous work. Drilling depth stop makes it easier to drill blind holes.

Vortex

Domestic percussion drills are equipped with a reverse, a drilling depth regulator, and have a blocking function. Models DU-850 and DU-1100 are distinguished by an ergonomic body and comfortable handles.

	Power, W		Revolutions, rpm	Price, rub
Interskol DU 13 780ER
Bosch PSB 650 RE
Bosch PSB 500 RE
Bosch PSB 750 RСE
Fiolent MSU 10 13 RE M
Fiolent MSU 10 13 RE
Hammer UDD 500LE
Whirlwind DU-850

In the household, there are always classes for the master. Hang a picture on the wall, install a magnetic lock in the cabinet, stretch the antenna cable. In the course of all this work, you need to drill even holes in wood, drywall or plastic. Electric drills have replaced manual braces: holes are made quickly and accurately. Besides drilling, modern power tools can sharpen, grind and polish materials. How to choose the right drill and accessories for your home?

An indispensable tool for the home - an electric drill

Device

An electric drill is a housing with a handle in which an electric motor is installed. A gear reducer reduces the speed of the motor. A chuck is installed on the gearbox axis, in which the working tool is clamped. The drill or bit rotates and processes the material.

The basis of the drill is a rotating shaft. Attachments turn the drill into a drilling, sharpening or lathe.

Video: how the drill works from the inside

What work does the tool do

The drill performs the following functions:

• Drilling holes in wood, plastic, metal, glass with various drills.
• Grinding surfaces with abrasive nozzles.
• Drilling and slotting holes in soft building materials (brick, aerated concrete).
• Cutting wood and thin metal with cut-off wheels.
• Sharpening of knives, axes and braids with abrasive discs.
• Mixing of building mixtures with a whisk-mixer fixed in the cartridge.

The stores offer a wide selection of tools and attachments for drills: drills for wood, metal and concrete, grinding and cutting discs, drills and mixers, circular cutters and crowns.

It is interesting. For poultry farmers, there is a nozzle that helps to pluck chicken carcasses.

Gallery: tools and drill bits

Forstner drills make even holes in wood Drills are available for wood, metal and concrete The Veritas attachment cuts round spikes from wooden sticks A special fluffy wheel polishes wood
Thanks to the Velcro fastener, the sandpaper is easy to change
Felt wheels polish metal to a high shine Sandpaper petals remove rust or varnish

Additional equipment

Additional equipment - stands, supports and clamps expand the capabilities of the drill and even turn it into a machine.

A drill, fixed in a clamp with a bed - turns out a drilling machine. The handle smoothly feeds the tool to the material.

The stand into which the drill body is clamped allows holes to be drilled at any given angle - perfectly straight or sharp.

Wood lathe from a drill

Clamp for a drill, a bed with guides, a tailstock and a handguard - a simple wood lathe is ready.

How a drill differs from a hammer drill

Almost all modern electric drills have a hammer drilling mode (hammer drill). This mode makes it easier to drill through brick, loose stone or aerated concrete. However, the drill is not able to compete with a perforator in concrete processing. The impact force of a drill does not exceed tenths of a Joule, whereas a hammer drill has units and tens of Joules.

The principle of operation of a hammer drill is the slipping of gears under load, which is why they jump over each other, creating movement along the axis of the drill. A hammer drill is a pneumatic tool in which a blow produces air pressure.

What kind of drills are there?

Professional and household

Like other power tools, drills are divided into two large classes - professional and household.

Professional drills are required to work for hours without interruption, they are made as convenient as possible for long work, and durable materials are used in the design. The cost of such drills is several times higher than that of household ones.

Household drills are made of less durable materials, the gears of the gearbox may well be plastic, and the small motor is boosted. The instrument weighs less, but work with it must be interrupted every 15 minutes - it will overheat.

In the household, the drill does not work all day, so it makes no sense to overpay for a professional tool.

Unstressed and percussion

The simplest drill has one mode of operation - the chuck with the drill fixed in it rotates, the drill forms a hole in the material. This mode is the main one for 90% of tasks solved at home or in the country. Such drills are called hammerless drills, they account for 20% of all devices sold.

To increase the attractiveness of household tools, manufacturers have included another mode of operation - percussion. When you press the tool, the drill performs not only rotational, but also reciprocating movements. 80% of household drills switch to hammer mode, but the benefit is small. The forward movement of the drill will only help when drilling lightweight building materials.

If you plan to drill solid walls, it is recommended that you pay attention to a hammer drill.

Mains or battery

If the drill motor is powered from the electrical network, then the master is tied to the outlet. The radius of the working area of ​​the tool is determined by the mains cable and the extension cords available on the farm. It is not always easy to drill a column of a country gate or remove a wire from an apartment panel. But, the power drill always delivers a given power to the drill, which does not depend on batteries.

The power drill is tied to an outlet

Cordless drills give the wearer an extra degree of freedom. Attaching a hinge to a garage door or sanding a door weld is easy. The downside of convenience is the batteries that need to be recharged. The unloaded tool is reluctant to work, the drill rotates slowly and gets stuck. Batteries last no more than three years, lose capacity and deteriorate.

A variety of drills are screwdrivers. Mains and rechargeable batteries are produced. In them, a special gearbox reduces the speed and increases the torque of the tool. A screw 100 mm long is driven into a pine log in half a minute. The adjustable clutch will stop rotation when the screw is fully tightened.

Criteria for choosing a drill for home use

Power

The motor power of modern electric drills varies from 500 to 1500 W. This important parameter determines the torque of the tool and the ability to machine dense materials. A weak motor will not crank the drill in steel, the grinding wheel will get stuck in birch plywood. The more power, the greater the weight of the tool. For household work, it is recommended to choose a drill with a 700-800 W motor.

Shaft speed

The engine rotation speed varies from 2000 to 4000 rpm. For each drill, the manufacturer selects the optimal rotation speed (it is called nominal and is indicated in the model's characteristics). The higher the speed, the more times the drill passes through the material, giving a cleaner surface. At high speeds, the risk of errors increases - the hand trembled, the drill went to the side, ruining the workpiece.

Infinitely variable speed control is an important feature of an electric drill. At the beginning of drilling at low speeds, the drill will not go away, the hole will come out exactly in the right place.

Drilling diameter

The Drill Diameter parameter defines the largest hole that the drill makes in different materials. Obviously, wood is very different in density from steel, so the manufacturer sets for his product the maximum hole diameter in wood and separately in steel. If the drill has an impact mode, then the diameter in concrete is also normalized.

What is the smallest hole that can be drilled with a drill? It depends on the chuck, usually drills smaller than 0.5 mm are no longer secured. For micro drills, there are special chucks with collet clamps.

Chuck type

The chucks, into which the tool is clamped, are of two types: with a key and a keyless one.

The chuck with a key has been known for a long time - in it the jaws are compressed using a toothed nut, which is turned with a special key. Advantages: secure drill hold even in the most difficult working conditions. Disadvantage: Drill change takes a minute, key is easy to lose.

Keyless chucks have appeared in recent years. In them, the clamping nut is turned by hand. The advantages and disadvantages are opposite to the key chuck - the tool changes in ten seconds, but the strength of the hands is not always enough for a strong clamping, for example, at the exit from the metal, the drill wedges, the shank slips in the chuck.

Equipment

The simplest set consists of one item - the drill itself. If the manufacturer offers additional items, this is a big plus. The kit may include:

• A small suitcase is an excellent packaging for storage and transportation. The tools and accessories are neatly stored and do not collect dust.
• The tool set is a basic set of the most popular drills for wood, metal or concrete.
• Laser level - attached to the impact drill, needed to mark wall holes.
• Nut Attachment - Clamps grinding and cut-off wheels.
• Additional handle - screwed to the body, by which the master holds the tool with his other hand, for example, when drilling concrete.
• Depth gauge - a pin with a ruler screwed to the body, will not allow the drill to plunge further than measured.
• Spare brushes. The collector motor is powered through moving contacts - carbon brushes. This part wears out over time. It's good if the manufacturer has prepared a replacement.

It has been noticed that in recent years, manufacturers have begun to save on a complete set of drills, especially inexpensive ones.

Additional functions

Engineers implement additional features in electric drills that make the work convenient and safe. The most important features:

• Smooth start. The collector motor starts in short-circuit mode, which generates current surges in the network, the collector brushes burn out. The regulator will smoothly increase the rotation speed to the maximum, the tool will last longer.
• Automatic speed controller. The electronic circuitry maintains a constant rotational speed of the drill regardless of the applied load. The drill handles wood and metal equally smoothly.
• Locking the switch. If the drill is operated with a grinder or machine, the motor must run continuously. The button holder will free the hands of the master.
• Reverse engine. A convenient function that will help if the drill is jammed at the exit from the metal. The master clicks the lever, the direction of rotation of the drill is reversed (reverse) - the tool is released.
• Chuck brake. When the master removes his finger from the trigger button, the cartridge continues to rotate by inertia, it is dangerous to touch it. The braking system instantly stops the rotation of the chuck after the engine is turned off.

Other important criteria

When choosing an electric drill, take it in hand. In a good drill, the handle is equipped with rubber spacers and fits comfortably in the palm of your hand. Buttons and switches are easy to press, the chuck rotates smoothly, does not dangle in the longitudinal direction.

Video: how to choose the right electric drill

Rating of home electric drills

The cost of a household drill for a home should not exceed 10,000 rubles. The rating has been compiled with this limitation in mind.

Table: rating of electric drills for the home

Model (Brand / Factory)	Power, W	Cartridge	Hole diameter, mm wood / metal	Weight, kg	Additional features	price, rub.	A comment
DeWalt DWD112S (USA / China)	700	Keyless	25/10	1,8	Reverse. Speed ​​control.	4300	High quality and reliable tool.
Metabo BE 650 (Germany / China)	650	Keyless	30/13	1,8	Reverse. Speed ​​control. Locking the launch key.	4900	Reliable tool from a renowned German company.
STAYER SRD-400 (Germany / China)	400	Key	16/10	1,6	Reverse. Speed ​​control.	1100	A budget drill for the home.
Caliber DE-580ERU (Russia / China)	580	Keyless	20/13	1,7	Reverse. Speed ​​control. Locking the launch key.	1800	Inexpensive, but low-quality tool.
Makita 6413 (Japan / China)	450	Keyless	25/10	1,2	Reverse. Speed ​​control.	3000	Lightweight and handy tool of a well-known company, the power is sufficient only for woodworking.
Interskol DU-16 (Russia / China)	1050	Key	40/16	2,6	Drilling with impact. Reverse. Speed ​​control. Depth stop. Side handle.	4000	A powerful and inexpensive home renovation tool.
SKIL 6280LA (Netherlands / China)	550	Keyless	35/13	1,8	Drilling with impact. Reverse. Speed ​​control. Depth stop. Side handle.	2200	Lightweight and inexpensive household appliance. Good quality-price ratio.
Hitachi DV18V (Japan / China)	690	Keyless	35/13	2,0	Drilling with impact. Reverse. Speed ​​control. Depth stop. Side handle.	6400	A solid drill with a metal gear.
Fiolent Master MSU9-16-2RE (Russia / Russia)	1050	Key	30/16	2,4	Drilling with impact. Reverse. Speed ​​control. Depth stop. Side handle. Suitcase.	5800	Simple and robust machine. The set includes a suitcase.
Ryobi RPD1010K (Japan / China)	1000	Keyless	50/13	3,1	Drilling with impact. Reverse. Backlight. Speed ​​control. Depth stop. Side handle. Suitcase.	5700	Illuminated impact drill.