How to make a wall of foam blocks in an apartment. The construction of walls from foam blocks - the nuances of proper masonry

In the process of repairing an apartment or house, it may be necessary to install interior partitions made of foam blocks - these designs can radically change the layout of the room.

A team of qualified and experienced builders will help to lay the laying of interior partitions from foam blocks at a price of 650 rubles per square meter with high quality and in a short time.

Prices

The price of works on the construction of interroom partitions from foam blocks depends on the design, the total area of the finished partitions, as well as the construction period. The cost of building interior partitions from foam blocks also depends on the number of layers of construction, the more material is required, the higher the price of finished interior partitions will be.

The price of laying interior partitions from foam blocks - from 450 rubles \ m2

What are room dividers?

Interior partitions are a traditional way of dividing the space of a room into separate parts. Zoning the space will allow you to use it more comfortably, people in different parts of the room will not interfere with each other.

Interroom partitions made of foam blocks will allow redevelopment of the premises at minimal cost - their cost will be much lower than similar bricklaying work will cost. Previously, drywall was used to delimit the space, but over time it was replaced by foam blocks.

Advantages of interior partitions made of foam blocks

Installation of interroom partitions from foam blocks has the following advantages:

much less weight compared to the same volume of bricks - this will facilitate the transportation of material and the installation process;
a high level of thermal and sound insulation - these indicators are almost completely absent from drywall partitions;
the cost of partitions made of foam blocks will become much less than the price of similar structures made of wood or brick;
a high level of strength, but at the same time they are quite easy to process with a hand saw or planer;
this building material is non-combustible, unlike wood, and therefore has the necessary resistance to ignition and fires;
light weight practically does not affect the bearing capacity of the walls and does not require additional strengthening of the foundation.

What are interroom foam blocks? quality requirements

Interroom partitions made of foam blocks are made of artificial stone material - cellular concrete with a small mass, throughout the volume of which the pores are evenly distributed, with a diameter of 2-3 millimeters. The main building materials used for the production of foam blocks are: gypsum, cement, quartz sand, aluminum powder and lime.

Depending on the purpose, the following types of foam concrete blocks are distinguished:

structural;
heat-insulating;
structural and thermal insulation.

The differences depend on the density level of the building material - the construction of interior foam blocks with a low density level will be the best option. A significant volume of the foam block is made up of air bubbles, which have good thermal insulation properties.

Block sizes

The parameters of foam concrete blocks significantly exceed those of bricks, which greatly speeds up and simplifies the laying of interior partitions from foam blocks.

The standard dimensions of the interior foam block are the following parameters: length 600 mm, height 250 mm, and the thickness is: 50, 75 and 100 mm.

During the construction process, the number of seams and joints is noticeably reduced, which will save cement mortar, as well as speed up the process of building a partition.

Mounting technology

Installation of interior partitions from foam blocks includes the following steps:

Preparation of walls for construction work - special pins must be hammered into the load-bearing walls, this will ensure the stability of the partition for a long time. Without this condition, the laying of interroom partitions from foam blocks will be fragile and unstable.
On the base of the floor and wall, you will need to draw lines according to which the laying will be carried out. Along the outlined lines, it is necessary to create a semblance of a ruler; an even wooden block is suitable for this purpose. This will allow laying the interior partitions from foam blocks much easier and with a minimum amount of effort.
Immediately before laying, it is necessary to clean the base of the floor from various construction debris and dust, this will ensure the strength of the connecting seams.
The first row of foam blocks is laid on a clean and primed floor, which serves as the basis for all interior partitions. There should be no vertical seams in the wall being erected, and no voids between the blocks.
The last row of the partition should not rest directly on the ceiling - the resulting space should be sealed with mounting foam.

What tools are used?

For successful laying of interior partitions from foam blocks, the following tools will be required:

building level or a simple plumb line based on a lead sinker;
self-tapping screws and screwdriver;
electric drill;
metal profile and pins;
a hacksaw and a corner, if there is a need to cut foam concrete as accurately as possible;
spatula and trowel.

Finishing work after the construction of interior partitions

After completing the laying of interroom partitions from foam blocks, the finished wall must be primed before plastering. This will give an additional guarantee that the applied plaster will not flake off or crumble.

Finishing depends on the chosen decor - if ceramic tiling is provided, then additional preparatory work is not required.

For wallpapering, the surface of the erected partition must be primed and, if necessary, leveled using a plaster mixture, and then puttyed with a finishing putty.

The cost of interior partitions

The price of foam blocks is quite democratic, the construction of an interior partition from this building material will become much cheaper than a wall made of wood or brick. Of the significant number of manufacturers of foam blocks, it is recommended to pay attention to the Knauf company - the price of a cubic meter of finished building material is about 1,500 rubles.

Build it yourself or entrust the work to professionals?

If you have never encountered the installation of interior partitions made of foam blocks, then it is better to turn to professional builders. They are guaranteed to perform the work with high quality and within the agreed time, modern tools will be used in the construction process.

Order now!

Call us at 8-966-311-02-32 and get answers to all questions about laying interior partitions from foam blocks. The master will go to the address you specified and take the necessary measurements and calculation of building materials.

Nowadays, it is modern, high-quality and multifunctional foam blocks that are ideal for quick and almost clean repairs in an apartment when building interior walls. And to the question of how to make a partition in an apartment from foam blocks, there are excellent recommendations tested by professionals, which are presented in our article.

The relevance of this material is easily explained by its low cost, availability with a large selection of such foam concrete options and many valuable specific advantages that are not characteristic of other building analogues.

For example, air bubbles inside these blocks significantly reduce their weight and greatly enhance thermal insulation. So, the savings and quality of such walls are undeniable, especially if you build with your own hands.

The main characteristics of foam blocks

We specify the main advantages of these blocks:

Cellular concrete gives low heat transfer, which means that we do not need to spend extra money on thermal insulation and expensive heaters.
Foam blocks perfectly muffle sounds - so additional sound insulation is no longer needed.
Air cells of foam concrete almost do not absorb moisture. This is the most important requirement for any building material, guaranteeing the reliability and durability of the building. Such a foam block wall in an apartment is absolutely not subject to shrinkage.
Foam concrete does not burn and does not even support combustion.
Foam concrete blocks are environmentally friendly, which is very important for our health. Such blocks are in 2nd place after the tree in terms of environmental safety: they do not emit toxins.
The price of a cubic meter of foam blocks is 40% cheaper than the same amount of bricks.

Making the walls

Without a doubt, every newcomer who has never renovated an apartment before can build a foam block wall on his own.

For a "clean", but strong bonding of blocks, we can use not cement, but the latest high-quality adhesive mixtures specifically for foam blocks.
It is necessary to erect a wall strictly according to the level, then the foam blocks for partitions in the apartment will line up perfectly evenly.
foam blocks;
fittings, reinforcing mesh, metal rods;
glue;
betoquartzcontact (i.e. acrylic-styrene primer).

materials

Calculation of the number of foam blocks

We measure the parameters of the partition, taking into account the openings of windows or doors.

The total area of the partition: multiply the height by the length.
From this area obtained, we subtract the areas of all planned openings.
Determine the area of the foam block.
We calculate the number of blocks: we divide the resulting partition area by the area of 1 block and get the number of blocks.

Foam block masonry

So how to build a wall of foam blocks in an apartment?

Let's start by marking the boundaries of the future partition, first on the floor, then symmetrically - on the ceiling and, accordingly, on the walls.

According to this markup, we mount a metal leveling frame from the profile. This will ensure optimally even laying lines of foam blocks. And we align the middle with a stretched cord.

Advice!
Before laying, the floor, ceiling and walls must be cleaned of dirt and coated with a high-quality deep penetration primer.

We fasten the blocks with glue for foam concrete, it is also possible with traditional cement mortar. But the glue gives flawlessly even seams, enhances thermal insulation and provides strong adhesion.

The instruction guarantees the consumption of glue for 2 mm joints - 15 kg / m3. It is more economical to apply this adhesive solution with a spatula so that the glue does not drain abundantly when laying the block.

By the way, let's not forget about grinding the foam blocks when laying them: the block, slightly shaking, is pressed into the solution on the lower foam block and moved to the next block.

Note!
This masonry will be strengthened by rods and reinforcement pins driven into the load-bearing walls at their junction with each new row of blocks.

2 days after the completion of the masonry under the ceiling, we close the gap with mounting foam. It is much cleaner, lighter, better quality than cement.

Opening preparation

In the photo - an opening in the wall of the foam block.

Competently solving the problem of how to make a wall of foam blocks in an apartment, we remember that after installing the partition, it is worth disassembling the framing frame - it is no longer needed.

Now we will finish the door or window openings, trim the edges with a saw.
If for this you need to cut an opening in the partition, we will make it a little larger so that the installation of the window or door is correct.
The foam blocks at the top must be securely strengthened. To do this, we will cut deep 10 cm grooves at the top of the side walls and insert the pins fixed with spacer wedges.
Before finishing the surface, we will make electrical wiring.
When finishing, fill all voids with a good quick-drying mortar.

Wall reinforcement

We sheathe the foam concrete partition with drywall, wood, plastic or traditionally plaster.

Output

Let's briefly list the order of work:

marking a place for laying a foam block partition (you can use profiles);
we drive reinforcing bars into the load-bearing walls every 2 rows, as well as in the floor (self-tapping pins, dowels will also fit);
with the other end, let this rod enter the horizontal even seam of the masonry (an alternative is aluminum suspensions, fixed to the block with one edge and the wall with the other);
along the stretched cord we put the first row of blocks moistened with water on the primed floor;
then lay out the second row in a row so that the seams do not vertically coincide with the first row;
we reinforce with a laying mesh or rods, or even with a fiberglass mesh, the first 2 rows, and then similarly the subsequent ones;
we lay the beam on the doorway;
at the ceiling we will leave a gap of 1 centimeter, which we will then fill with mounting foam;
priming a new wall for plaster.

So, with minimal effort, we will build universal walls with sound absorption, rational heat transfer, and optimal strength. Everything is simple, and the video in this article will clearly demonstrate all the nuances of the work.

Sometimes, when carrying out repairs in an apartment or house, it becomes necessary to move the partition or simply make a new one in order to zone the room. Now partitions made of other materials are very common. But in such rooms as a bathroom, toilet and shower (and rooms) it is better to install foam block partitions.

Brief description of interior partitions made of foam blocks: dimensions and thickness

These partitions are durable, give a smooth smooth surface, are quickly mounted. Due to the fact that aerated concrete has a small specific gravity, the dimensions of foam concrete for partitions are much larger than the size of a brick, and this allows you to build an interior partition from foam blocks quickly and with your own hands, which is very important in terms of apartment renovation.

Foam concrete for partitions (foam blocks) is very easy to saw, so it is easy to work with it and you can make structures of various shapes. For the construction of a partition, neither special skills nor complex tools are required.

Foam blocks are available in various sizes, including thickness, so you can always choose the desired thickness of the material. For the construction of a partition, it is recommended to use blocks with a thickness of at least 75 mm, but the most common for partitions is a block with a thickness of 100 mm.

The main advantages of partitions from foam blocks:

good heat and sound insulation;
low cost;
easy to process;
it is possible to arrange decorative partitions of various configurations and with through holes.

The device of interroom partitions from foam blocks

Before installing partitions, you need to make a schematic drawing of the future partition and accurately determine its place on the plan of the apartment. Having made the necessary measurements of the room (at least the height and width of the partition), we make a drawing on which we mark the location of doors and other openings. First of all, it is necessary to calculate the required amount of materials: foam blocks and glue. Next, we turn to the device of the interior partition itself from foam blocks.

Before proceeding with the installation of the partition without the help of a master, but with your own hands, you need to plan the openings, if any. Since we are talking about intra-apartment separation, in most cases these will be doorways.

The installation of partitions requires the correct placement of the doorway. If the door is placed in a corner, then if space permits, the door is placed at a distance from the corner so that the casing fits and there is free space between the corner and the casing. Thus, it is recommended to start the doorway at a distance of 10-21 cm from the corner. Next, you need to determine the width of the doorway, which is equal to the width of the door leaf plus the thickness of the door frame (2 racks of 2 cm in a standard box) and a mounting gap of 3-5 centimeters. We also determine the height of the opening (the standard height of the opening is 205 cm from the level of the finished floor surface).

Installation: step by step instructions

It is not difficult to make such a partition with your own hands. Despite the fact that during the installation of the partition, wet and dust-forming processes occur, with the proper organization of work and the working space, the installation of a partition from foam blocks can be carried out quickly and without a large amount of debris and dirt. Step-by-step instructions for installing the partition will help to cope with this task.

To install the partition you will need:

foam blocks of the required thickness (usually 100 mm);
glue for foam blocks (approximately 15 kg per cubic meter of a partition with a seam thickness of 2 mm);
reinforcing bars with a diameter of 12-16 mm for a jumper - 2 pcs.;
screwdriver;
perforator or drill;
whisk for mixing glue;
dyeing thread for marking;
building level;
spatula or trowel;
spatula-comb to obtain a layer of glue of the desired thickness with a tooth of 4-6 mm (optional);
saw with large teeth;
fishing line;
mallet (rubber mallet);
mounting angles (can be perforated galvanized strip);
mounting foam;
gun for applying polyurethane foam;
wooden bars for the manufacture of a temporary jumper;
container for diluting glue;
dust brush;
mounting wedges (optional).

From personal protective equipment:

eye protection goggles;
construction gloves;
respirator.

Step 1. Markup. Proper installation of partitions implies the need to mark the location. First, the partition line is applied to the floor. Now you need to project this line onto the ceiling.

To do this, using a level, draw vertical lines on the walls.

Then the tops of these wall lines are connected by a line that is applied to the ceiling with a dye thread.

On the floor mark the location of the doorway.

Step 2. Create temporary guides. To facilitate the control of the verticality of the installed partition, experts recommend installing beacons along the marking lines. To do this, you can use wooden slats. But the system of temporary guides made of metal profiles is considered the most convenient, because. they are more even. You can use guide profiles for mounting drywall partitions. These guides will be dismantled in the future and they can be used for other purposes.

Why it is desirable not to be too lazy and install guides. The fact is that a thin partition should be perfectly flat and perfectly vertical. This is important not for purely aesthetic reasons or to facilitate further processing, which in itself is not unimportant. First of all, this is necessary for the correct operation of the partition itself, because. curvature will lead to unnecessary stresses in the structure. Therefore, in thin high partitions, their evenness and verticality is a critical parameter.

Since it is not so easy to control the evenness of the partition over its entire plane, the installation of beacons greatly facilitates this process and speeds up the work: the extreme blocks are automatically set in the correct position. It remains only to control the position of the middle blocks with the help of a stretched fishing line. The time and effort spent on installing guides will pay off many times over.

We install vertical guides on the walls, ceiling, and also, preferably, on the floor.

Step 3 Preparing a place for mounting a partition. Before laying the blocks, the junction of the partition to the walls, ceiling and floor must be cleaned of debris and dust. This is necessary for good adhesion of the adhesive to the base. Then prime with a deep penetration primer.

Step 4. Glue preparation. For the installation of partitions from foam blocks, it is recommended to use a special glue. The glue dilution method is indicated on the package. The required amount of glue is poured into a container with clean water. Everything is mixed with a mixer. The consistency of the glue solution should be sufficiently dense, such that, for example, the whisk from the mixer could stand on its own in the solution.

At the same time, the glue must be sufficiently flexible and mobile, such that it could fall off the whisk on its own if it is lifted.

The glue is allowed to stand for 5-10 minutes, then mixed again and it is ready for use. The consistency of the adhesive becomes thicker and it is easy to apply and spread over the surfaces of the blocks.

Step 5. Preparation of foam blocks. Before laying, the foam blocks must be cleaned of dust and cut into the desired pieces. Foam blocks are easily cut with a saw with wide teeth.

Step 7 Laying the first row. A very important stage in the installation of partitions is the laying of the first row. The quality of installation of the entire partition depends on how correctly and clearly the first row is laid out. Therefore, the first row is laid out with special care. The floor surface under the partition should be as level as possible.

With a trowel or spatula, lay out the solution at the place where the block is installed on the floor and also apply glue to the wall.

The block is placed along the lighthouses and with light movements back and forth, as it were, rub it against the base, fixing it in the desired position. With the help of the level, the horizontality of the top of the block is controlled. By tapping with a mallet from different sides, the block is given the correct position. A fishing line is pulled along the height of the first block to control the installation of intermediate blocks. Glue is applied to the end surface of the block.

The next block is installed in the same way, carefully fitting it to the first block. The thickness of the seam should be 2 mm. Excess glue is carefully removed with a spatula.

The level checks the horizon of the second block along with the first, as well as the evenness of the side planes. By tapping with a mallet, they achieve a clear installation of the block.

The end blocks are attached to the wall with the help of corners. The corners should be thin, 1-2 mm thick, so that they can be easily placed in the adhesive layer. If the corner has a thickness greater than the height of the seam, then a small recess must be made in advance in the block. In the future, such fastening of the partition to the wall must be done in every third row.

Mounting angle can be made from a perforated angle

Step 8 Laying the second row. Before laying the second row, check that the surface of the first row is smooth and even along the entire length of the partition. Dust is swept away from the surface and dirt is removed. The surface can be trimmed and cleaned with a grinding grater.

A layer of glue is applied to the wall and the upper surface of the blocks of the lower row and leveled.

The comb is carried out through the solution to remove excess glue. The remaining glue is carefully collected on a spatula.

Glue can be applied to several blocks at once. It is also necessary to apply glue to the end of the adjacent block.

In order for the partition to have a stronger structure, the sides are laid with dressing of the seams. To do this, the blocks are cut in half and the first block of the second row is installed from the half of the block.

Further technology is similar to the installation of the first row. A fishing line is stretched along the height of the second row. After installation of each block, the horizon and side planes are checked.

Step 9. Arrangement of doorways. The doorway is formed immediately during laying. The blocks are trimmed to fit the size of the opening and carefully positioned so that a smooth vertical edge of the opening is obtained.

If something went wrong and the door slope line did not turn out to be even, then this is not a big problem. After the masonry is completed, the slopes can be easily leveled with a saw. Only this should be done no earlier than after 2 days, after the glue has completely solidified, otherwise the partition may be deformed.

To trim the opening, a metal guide is screwed onto the wall and excess pieces are cut along it with a saw. Irregularities and roughness are cleaned with a grater.

Step 10. Overlapping the doorway. Reinforced concrete lintels are usually used to cover the opening. Some manufacturers produce special jumpers for their foam blocks. But you can make a doorway without special jumpers.

To do this, you can use the following simple and affordable technology using a U-shaped temporary jumper. A jumper is made from wooden bars or boards at hand. The length of the upper crossbar of the temporary lintel must exactly match the width of the existing opening. Vertical planks are prepared with a length of 50-70 cm. The bars are knocked together at a right angle so that a design resembling the letter “P” is obtained.

When the masonry of the opening has approached the upper design mark, a temporary jumper is installed in the opening and screwed to the slopes with screws. It turns out the frame, which forms the completion of the opening.

The height of the elevation of the wooden lintel above the plane of the topmost row is measured. The concrete block is sawn out with the letter "G" so that it can be installed on the jumper. To create a uniform load on the jumper, it is desirable to calculate the blocks so that the joint between the "L" shaped blocks is approximately in the middle of the jumper.

The jumper can be removed after the adhesive has completely cured, i.e. after 2 days.

After removing the temporary lintel in the wall, it is necessary to leave a permanent lintel. To do this, in the upper corners of the opening, cuts are made with a height of 2 cm and a length of 5-10 cm.

Two reinforcing bars are placed in the holes formed. The rods are fixed in the opening with mounting wedges and fixed with cement or adhesive mortar.

Step 11. Sealing the joint between the partition and the ceiling. An important point in the construction of the partition is the correct sealing of the joint between the partition and the ceiling. The width of this joint should be 1-1.5 cm, no more. This seam performs the functions of fastening the partition to the ceiling. At the same time, it should not be rigid, but elastic and level out possible stresses from deformation of the floor slab, which may occur during the operation of the building. The best material for filling such a seam is professional polyurethane foam.

The joint can be filled after 2 days, when the adhesive has fully gained its strength. Otherwise, the foam, expanding, can deform the not yet “settled” partition. Using a gun, the joint seam is foamed on both sides of the partition in order to achieve complete tightness of the joint. Such a joint will also perform soundproofing functions. After the foam has hardened, it is carefully cut off.

Step 12. Completion of work. Installation of a partition from foam blocks is completed. Now you can remove the temporary guides. A properly laid foam block partition has perfectly flat surfaces and is ready for finishing work. If you are interested in an alternative cheap option for drywall partitions, then we have an article.

Useful video:

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Redevelopment of an apartment or a private house is required in half of the cases of major repairs. Such a popular procedure is performed from any block materials and bricks, but one of the best options is a foam block.

Partitions made of foam blocks perform a sound and heat insulating function, do not lead to a strong increase in the weight of the structure and are easy to lay. In order to properly build a wall, one should take into account all possible problems, prepare well and perform masonry, in accordance with the technical rules.

Foam blocks for partitions are laid according to a similar principle as a brick. Initially, it is worth determining whether the partition foam block is suitable for the task. The basis of the material is used with high insulating qualities, but low bearing capacity. It is practical to use and durable.

Partitions from foam blocks

The characteristics of foam concrete blocks give the material numerous advantages:

when laying partitions from foam blocks, laying is very simple and with minimal time costs, the process is 2 times faster than brick construction;
differs in good sound-proofing and heat-insulating properties, easily gives in to processing. If the dimensions of the foam blocks for partitions are not suitable for the intended purpose, then you can always easily cut off part of the element;
inside it is easy to drill a hole for wires or pipes;
helps to realize the design idea:
multifaceted figures, rounded arches, etc., due to pliability for hacksaw processing;
due to the large thickness of the partitions and the blocks themselves, a doorway can be cut through them;
foam blocks, and foam concrete in general, suitable for decorative treatments:
sanding, laying heavy tiles, surface plastering, wallpapering, etc.;
resistant to temperature extremes, chemical and biological fluids, moisture, exposure to ultraviolet light;
the low price of the material makes it accessible to the general public;
does not lead to a large load on the foundation or supports.

If we compare various blocks of concrete of any grade of cement and foam block, the latter is the most popular because of the listed advantages. It is suitable for masonry in commercial, office buildings, houses and apartments.

When laying partitions from foam blocks, laying is very simple and with minimal time costs.

The disadvantage of the material is the likelihood of obtaining specimens with a curved shape. High requirements are imposed on the surfaces of blocks, but only in relation to elements manufactured in a production environment, where GOST applies to sizes and shapes. If the purchase is made in underground workshops, it is better to buy more than the required number of blocks.

Types of foam blocks: by size and thickness

There are varieties of material for the construction of partitions. Choosing the right type will help make the wall sufficiently strong, durable and with high-quality insulation. They differ in density, denser options are used for load-bearing walls, and interior walls are made of looser material.

To select the material, it is worth specifying the location of the partition. If you plan to install on a balcony, it is important to ensure the smallest weight of the structure. If laying in a room is planned, it is worth considering the load and density of the blocks. For external walls, elements with a grade of at least D300 and higher should be selected. Partitions can be arranged from D150-D300 strength foam blocks.

According to the method of manufacture, they distinguish:

non-autoclave

Suitable for small organizations, as it has low quality. Production control is practically not carried out, the material hardens in a natural way. Foam concrete acquires strength unevenly, which changes the porosity of the product. If you use a non-autoclaved foam block for internal walls, there is a high risk of shrinkage of the structure from 1 m to 3 mm. As height increases, the shrinkage ratio increases;

Non-autoclaved foam block

autoclaved

It is a better version of the partition, the design will last longer and is less prone to shrinkage.
According to the stamping method, the blocks differ in:

molding

The liquid composition of foam concrete is poured into special forms and the final solidification of the material is expected. The disadvantage of the technique is the probability of deviation of dimensions from the standard dimensions. A molding foam block is undesirable when buying, but it costs a little cheaper;

cutting

In the manufacturing process, a special shape is cut with a circular saw, the product acquires a perfectly flat surface.

After determining the type of material, the dimensions of the blocks should be selected. Installation of partitions from foam blocks is often performed from a material with the following characteristics:

the thickness of the partitions from foam blocks is selected from 5 to 15 cm;
standard dimensions (HxD): 30x60 cm;

Accurate cutting of foam blocks with a reciprocating saw

weight: 5.5-16.2 kg, depends on the thickness and density of the block;
ideally choose blocks with a density of D600, they are able to withstand bearing loads and are applicable for fastening heavy equipment.
The most commonly used foam blocks are 100 mm thick, this parameter is enough to create a sufficiently strong wall with high insulating qualities and resistance to combustion.

In the process of building a house and building lintels in an apartment, it is important to decide how to build a partition from foam blocks. The material allows you to lay walls with different heights.

Materials and tools for work

Before building interior partitions from foam blocks, they should be purchased in sufficient quantities and other materials with tools should be prepared:

cement mortar;
glue for foam blocks - the choice depends on the purpose. More often they prefer: "Found Selform" for winter masonry, "Rusean", "Volma Block". Consumption when laying with a seam of 2 mm - 15 kg / m3;
building foam - useful for eliminating gaps between the ceiling and the wall;
foam gun;
self-tapping screws with embedded metal pins;
spatula of medium width and trowel;
a special container for mixing glue and cement mortar;

Adhesive for foam blocks Ivsil/IVSIL BLOCK

a hammer with a nozzle for working with rubber - used to align the position of the blocks;
building level;
corner with a saw;
a grater for leveling the surface of the blocks at the stage of surface grinding, as an alternative - a planer;
a wall chaser is used to create holes in concrete, foundations and lay reinforcement in them. You can use a homemade wall chaser or electric cutter;
wide brush to remove dust from concrete before applying the adhesive mixture.

Having prepared materials and tools, it is worth considering whether thermal insulation is needed. Foam concrete has a high thermal insulation capacity even without additional coating, but for partitions with unheated rooms it is recommended to install an additional layer of insulation.

How to cut foam concrete

The technology for building partitions made of foam concrete always includes cutting the material. Advantageously, the procedure is performed to reduce the block length. If desired, you can reduce the thickness of the element, but the procedure is rarely required.
Cutting a block in length or height is quite simple.

For cutting, you can use a regular hacksaw for wood, but better with a small tooth size. The disadvantage of the technique is the rapid deterioration of the condition of the saw, dull teeth will have to be sharpened, and the procedure is long and requires certain skills. The best way to cut is to use a specialized saw, it lasts longer due to the victorious coating on the teeth.

Wood saw 500 mm

Basic Rules:

the grinder should not be used, since a lot of dust appears from it and it is quite difficult to make an even cut;
reaming is performed by any electric drill with a drill bit. You can insert a dowel into the drill chuck, and then a self-tapping screw;
a drill without an impact mode with a special nozzle for obtaining wide holes will allow you to create a recess for mounting a socket or switch;
the grinder is easy to carry out wall chasing under the electrical wiring cable.

Algorithm for erecting a foam concrete partition yourself

For the construction of an even partition from foam blocks, it is important to follow the algorithm and building technologies, and in the process of work, care should be taken. If there is no experience, it is better to install guide profiles, they will help level the masonry. To create a denser laying, it is recommended to wet the blocks in water.

The algorithm of actions, how to build a partition from foam blocks:

installation of pins in the walls of the bearing type. The pins are laid every 2-3 rows. They are designed to increase the strength of the entire structure;
delineating lines for orientation in the masonry process. Immediately it is worth installing a doorway;
on the basis of the drawing, a metal profile is mounted. The laying of partitions from foam blocks should be perfectly flat, the profile will help to achieve the desired result;
cleaning the base from any debris and dust. The surface is primed to give better adhesion to the base. The primer will prevent the appearance of cracks and the destruction of the seams;
waiting for the primer to dry, usually takes 1-2 hours;

Algorithm for erecting a foam concrete partition yourself

now it is worth starting to prepare the glue in accordance with the instructions. The consistency of the glue should be somewhat liquid so that the mixture easily falls from the mixer nozzle, but with relative density, the inserted mixer should be held in the composition;
laying the first row. There are 2 main laying methods. The first option is to create a concrete base from cement along the profile, and the second - blocks are fixed on the floor using self-tapping pins;
all even rows are stacked from half the length of the foam block. All rows are stacked in a checkerboard pattern. Vertical seams should not match, but the hit of seams in two rows is not a significant defect in the masonry;
the surface of the row is created extremely even, measurements are taken using the building level, and processing is performed with a grater or planer. The remaining dust is removed with a brush, otherwise the glue will not stick to the base;
glue is laid in an amount that will provide a slight extrusion of the mixture from the sides. A similar layer is observed between all rows;
to prevent subsequent shrinkage of the wall, the blocks of the previous row should be pressed qualitatively. Every 2-3 rows it is worth checking the correctness of the masonry with a level or plumb line.

To create a doorway, a wooden beam overlap is laid on top. Can be replaced with metal rods, at least 2, preferably 3-5 fittings. Blocks are laid on top of the floor. If there are protruding sections of the blocks, they are removed after solidification with a saw or a hacksaw. A similar technique of work in the process of creating a window opening.

When the partition is completely built, it is impossible to attach equipment to it and remove profiles for another 2 days.

If there is a gap between the ceiling and the partition, it should be blown out with mounting foam. Excess after solidification is removed with a sharp knife.
If you plan to lay tiles, there is no need for additional manipulations.

For wallpapering, the surface is leveled with putty layers, at least 2 starting and 1 finishing layer.
A partition made of foam blocks with your own hands is done quickly and easily; if you follow the instructions, the end result will be reliable and high-strength.

From foam blocks, structures of various types and purposes are made:

the material is resistant to high humidity. If you are interested, yes, the bath is quick and easy, but the material will still need additional coverage;
all materials have features, foam blocks are considered in detail, pluses and minuses in a separate article;
you can build houses from foam concrete, but only low-rise ones. The construction of foam block houses requires reinforcement of the structure with a metal frame, this leads to the reliability of the structure and prevents the appearance of cracks;
many people confuse, but they are different materials. The main difference between a foam block and aerated concrete is a closed structure, respectively, foam concrete does not absorb moisture.
Partitions made of foam blocks can be performed by beginners in construction; no special skills are required during the construction process. Observing the nuances of building from foam blocks, the structure will stand for 40 years or more.

The technology of building houses from foam blocks is of steady interest to builders and customers. The interest of the former lies in the speed and simplicity of construction, because the more he built during the season, the more he earned. The interest of the customer, the owner is in saving money both at the construction stage (buy foam blocks cheaper and better, do not overpay for the services of builders), and during operation (compliance with modern heat-saving standards and comfortable living).

It is not surprising that the most frequently asked questions about the construction of houses from foam blocks somehow come down to the timing and cost of construction, the choice of foam concrete blocks, as well as the performance of the built house.

Question. What determines the speed of erection of brick or block masonry? Answer. First of all, on the size, weight, ease of processing and geometry (dimensional stability) of the block.

Obviously, the larger the size of the foam block, the faster the construction is carried out. The most common size of a foam concrete block is 200x300x600 mm. It is easy to calculate that the volume of such a block is 0.036 cubic meters.

m. (which is equivalent to laying 18 single, or 13 one-and-a-half bricks), and at a density of D600, it weighs about 22-24 kg, depending on humidity. It is not advisable to increase the size and mass - these figures are already close to the maximum when the bricklayer works comfortably, without excessive physical stress.

By and large, the speed of construction of foam blocks is not critical. Putting bare walls is no more than 10-15% of the total volume and cost of work in the estimate for building a house. But on the other hand, you can build a house from foam blocks on your own.

It is easier for a non-professional to work with large blocks than with traditional bricks. And here speed begins to play a certain role: building a box of houses from foam blocks for a vacation is quite within the power of one person without experience in such work. In the case of a brick, this seems doubtful.

Question. How to check the quality of foam blocks? Answer.

The first parameter is the deviation in size. If you plan to build a house from foam blocks for glue, then the difference in the size of the blocks should not exceed 1-2 mm per side. The more stable the dimensions of the foam blocks, the more even walls can be built, and the cheaper and easier it will be to finish these walls.

The presence of cracks indicates either an incorrect recipe or an incorrect drying mode. Both of these reduce the strength and durability of the material. The presence of oil on the surface of the foam blocks adversely affects the adhesion of the blocks to the solution.

There may be problems with masonry, and especially with plaster. Using standard plaster dry mixes, finishers may face the problem of poor adhesion of the plaster layer to the walls, “rolling” of the applied mortar, etc.

If you split the foam block in half, you can see its structure on the chip. A quality product has a completely uniform structure in texture and color. If the chip shows that the foam block is looser in one part, and denser in the opposite part, then this also indicates a violation of the foam block production technology, when the foam concrete delaminates after pouring into the mold.

Foam concrete is positioned as an economy class material. What is the cost savings in the construction of houses from foam blocks? Is it at the expense of quality? Answer.

Foam concrete is 15-20% cheaper than its direct competitor - aerated concrete. In this case, cheaper does not mean worse. The main problem of foam concrete is that the availability of technology has led to the emergence of many small producers who, for the sake of a few additional percent of profit, go to technology violations.

In fairness, it should be noted that recently this factor has been on the wane, people choose more meticulously and trust only trusted manufacturers. If an enterprise has been producing foam blocks for several years, this most likely indicates a good quality of production. Real feedback from satisfied customers is the best advertisement and incentive for the development of the enterprise.

The work of laying foam blocks is cheaper than brickwork, as it requires several times fewer operations.

Foam blocks are easy to process. This is all the more important, the more complex the project of a house under construction. It is easy to build bay windows, non-rectangular junctions, arches, gable bevels and other elements with a complex fit from foam blocks.

Ease of processing is important not only during the construction of walls, but also in finishing. Walls made of foam blocks are easy enough to ditch for laying hidden communications. For example, it is easy to hide water pipes or conduct hidden heating wiring in a wall built of foam blocks.

Question. Are there any features in the operation of a house built from foam blocks? Answer.

A foam block house is completely similar to a brick house, only it is warmer and cheaper to build. And behind the decoration, the material of the walls is impossible to distinguish. The main thing in building a house from foam blocks is to choose the right manufacturer of wall blocks with modern equipment, high-quality raw materials and competent technologists.

In the modern construction industry, various latest developments are constantly being introduced. One of the latest innovations of our time is foam concrete, which is used for the production of foam blocks. The construction of country houses from foam blocks is expanding every day and there are a sufficient number of good reasons for this:

foam concrete walls "breathe" like wooden ones and for this reason are not subject to sweating; the porous structure of the material helps to retain heat in winter and cool in summer; excellent sound insulation; significant savings on heating; foam blocks are very easy to process; environmental friendliness of foam concrete; durability - indicators over time the strength of foam concrete increases.

An indisputable plus was the fact that expensive components are not used in the production of foam concrete. For its manufacture, only sand, cement, water and special foam are needed. Due to this, the construction of cottages from foam blocks is much less expensive than using bricks and even wood for this.

The technology of building houses from foam blocks is also not difficult. Foam blocks are much larger than bricks (the average block size is 600 * 300 * 200 mm), so the walls are laid much faster. At the same time, the use of lifting equipment to feed the material up is generally not required, since one block, replacing about 15 bricks, weighs almost half as much.

Foundation

To begin with, it is worth noting that the lightness of foam concrete walls reduces the cost of building a foundation, it is much less powerful than for a brick house. For a foam concrete house, it is recommended to erect a monolithic strip foundation, on top of which a layer of waterproofing is laid, and in width it should slightly exceed the thickness of the stones.

Masonry of the first row of foam block

When laying the first row of foam concrete, ordinary mortar is always used in order to be able to compensate for the almost inevitable unevenness of the foundation. Laying begins from the corner that, according to measurements, is the highest. A mooring cord is stretched between the corner blocks of each wall and then the first row is filled along it.

At the same time, the horizontal position of the masonry is carefully checked by the building level. If uneven masonry occurs, they are eliminated using a planer or sanding board, dust is removed with a brush. In addition, using a level, it is imperative to check the height of the corners of the house, the difference in measurements should not be more than 30 mm.

Masonry of the overlying rows of foam block

The second and all overlying rows are laid on foam concrete glue.

After preparation, the adhesive mixture must be kept for at least 10 minutes, and then actively mixed again. The glue must be applied to the foam blocks with a notched trowel, first on the butt joint between the blocks, and then on the horizontal one. The thickness of the adhesive layer can be 2-3 mm.

Blocks are laid with the greatest possible accuracy immediately after applying the adhesive. The horizontal position of the stacked stones must be constantly monitored. If deviations are found, straightening is carried out with a rubber hammer.

Starting from the second row, the laying of foam blocks is carried out with dressing - the butt seams in adjacent rows must have a run-out of at least 10 cm.

Reinforcement of foam concrete walls

Reinforcement is necessary to reduce the likelihood of masonry cracking during the shrinkage of the house.

Reinforcement is carried out every 4 rows of masonry, starting from the first. For this, a reinforcing bar with a diameter of 8 mm or more is used. The corners of the house are reinforced with a smoothly rounded rod.

The reinforcement technology is as follows: metal reinforcement is laid along the perimeter of the masonry in pre-cut strobes (grooves) 40 * 40 mm in size. Note that the distance from the outer edge of the blocks to the groove must be at least 60 mm. The strobes are cleaned of dust, filled with glue and fittings are put into them.

Above the door and window openings on the outer and inner side of the masonry, metal corners are also installed with an average size of 50-100 mm (but the wider the opening, the larger the corner should be, the length of the corner should exceed the width of the opening by 600 mm or more). Installation of a corner is made flush with a vertical surface of a wall. Before installation, a groove is pre-cut in the wall according to the size of the corner and smeared with glue.

Additional Information

If, when laying the wall, it became necessary to lay a block of a non-standard size, then you should cut off the excess part with a foam concrete hacksaw with the largest teeth; Foam concrete blocks are very easy to drill, so it will not be difficult to screw a small screw into it. Large screws that carry a significant load must be screwed into self-tapping dowels designed for foam concrete. It is easy to drill sockets for electrical outlets and switches with a drill with a nozzle of the appropriate diameter, strobes for electrical wiring are made with a wall chaser.

Facade decoration

The technology of building a house from foam blocks requires mandatory exterior decoration of the facades of the building. Exposing the foam concrete surface to the atmosphere causes it to darken, so the building does not look very attractive. Finishing can be done in several ways:

hinged cladding of siding or decorative panels with an air gap between it and the wall; cladding with finishing bricks or stone with a ventilated gap; plastering of the facade using special mixtures for foam concrete; painting with vapor-permeable silicone dyes with preliminary high-quality grouting of joints between blocks.

The first method of facing is most often used due to its simplicity and accessibility.

In the following video, you can clearly see what the foam block construction technology is like:

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Being an inexpensive and affordable material, foam blocks are widely used in the construction of residential buildings, garages, industrial and domestic premises. They represent a serious alternative to traditional bricks and allow for a limited time, without the involvement of hired workers, to build a building on their own. Professional training is not required to build capital walls and internal partitions of a building from foam blocks with your own hands. It is important to know the technological nuances, to comply with a number of conditions so that the laying of foam concrete products is carried out quickly and ensures the quality and durability of the building.

Having mastered the specifics of building walls and partitions from foam blocks, the laying technology of which is quite simple, you can independently carry out construction or control the correct execution of work by builders. The technical data of this material compares favorably with a number of good advantages. Not everyone knows what materials and tools will be required, how to work correctly, observing the main principles. Let's dwell on these issues in more detail.

Where to start laying foam blocks

High-quality laying of walls from foam blocks is carried out subject to the following recommendations:

ensuring reliable waterproofing of the base of the building.

With the help of special waterproofing compounds or two layers of rolled roofing material, foam concrete walls can be effectively protected from the negative effects of moisture; laying foam concrete products from the highest corner point. This will form an even basis for the construction of main walls and internal partitions, subject to the control of horizontality by the building level; fine-tuning the geometry of blocks with dimensional deviations. It is necessary to eliminate sagging, remove burrs with a grater or a special planer, and also cut defective products with large chips.

To ensure high strength and reliability of the structure, prepare the foundation surface for the construction of walls in advance

Laying foam blocks - the necessary materials and tools

For masonry, prepare the following materials:

Foam concrete blocks. Use material for main walls that perceive an increased load, with a density of D600, and foam concrete marked D500 for interior partitions. Use products made by proven manufacturers using industrial technology.

Pay attention to the presence of a certificate that guarantees compliance with performance characteristics. Sand-cement mortar. Observe a 4: 1 ratio when mixing sand and cement. Add, if necessary, plasticizers, observing the dosage indicated on the package. The use of available materials allows, at low cost, to lay blocks with dimensional deviations of up to two centimeters on an increased layer of mortar.

The disadvantage is the increased thickness of the seam and the increase in heat loss caused by "cold bridges". Adhesive composition. A dry mixture of industrial production is offered in specialized stores in a form ready for dilution with water (0.2 liters of water are introduced per kilogram of the mixture). The glue is mixed with a mixer to a homogeneous consistency, laid in a layer of up to three millimeters, providing high adhesion to the foam concrete material. This allows you to reduce the cost of preparing the mixture, increase the thermal insulation of the walls by reducing the thickness of the seam.

The whole process of laying foam blocks is not difficult, but there are some nuances that must be completed.

When deciding which composition will be used to lay the foam blocks, give preference to increased strength with a reduced joint thickness. Do-it-yourself foam block laying is done using the following tools:

a hammer with a rubber nozzle, necessary for leveling the foamed blocks; a building level that allows you to control the horizontalness of the rows; a square and a hand saw used for marking and cutting material; an electric drill equipped with a nozzle for mixing the binder composition; a trowel that ensures uniform application of the solution to the surface; a special planer and grater required for fine-tuning the geometry; a wall chaser, which facilitates the execution of grooves during reinforcement; a cord, necessary to ensure the correct laying of foam blocks; brushes for wetting the surface of the building material with water.

With the independent erection of the walls of the building, the laying of foam blocks is carried out according to a certain algorithm. Follow the sequence of operations:

Clean the foamed concrete products from dirt. Ensure the correct geometry of products, removing sags and bumps.

Maximum smoothness of the formed walls, which makes it possible to save on the absence of the need for subsequent leveling work

Check for a waterproofing layer on the foundation surface. If necessary, lay two layers of rolled roofing material, providing overlaps at the joints of 10–15 cm and a width exceeding the size of the foundation by 4–6 cm. Determine the highest angle of the base using a laser level. From this angle, foam blocks will be laid. Apply a cement mortar with a layer of up to 3 cm on the waterproofing coating of the base using a notched trowel.

Lightly moisten the corner foam blocks with water using a brush. This will improve adhesion. Install foam blocks at the corners of the foundation, which are a guide when laying the first row. Provide overhang over the plinth in the range of 3–5 cm to protect against moisture. Fasten the mooring cord to the extreme elements with nails, preventing it from sagging. Lay the bottom row of blocks on a sand-cement mortar, which allows leveling foundation irregularities up to 2 cm.

Moisten the surfaces with water, control the filling of all joints with mortar. During the laying process, compact the blocks with a rubber mallet, ensuring the size of the horizontal joint is 1.5–2.0 cm, and the vertical one is up to 1 cm. Check the horizontality of the lower row with a building level. Remove bumps and distortions using a special planer. Reset, if necessary, the blocks with a rubber mallet.

Check the flatness of the horizontal with the help of the building level

Make a groove along the axis of the wall with a wall chaser (along the entire length).

Lay steel bars in the grooves, weld them. Fill with cement mortar, forming an armored belt. Lay the second and other rows of blocks in the same way, using an adhesive composition. Move the blocks half the width when ligating.

Move the cord vertically, control horizontality in layers, eliminate irregularities. Reinforce every fourth level of masonry with steel bars. Lay the rods in the grooves made. You can use a steel mesh. Build the inner walls, ensuring docking with the outer row for 50% of the length of the block.

Reinforce joint sections with reinforcement. Form openings for windows and doors using ready-made foam block lintels. Reinforce with reinforcement, fill with cement mortar. Fix removable formwork along the perimeter of the foam block and internal load-bearing walls. Place reinforcement in it, fill it with concrete to a height of 20–30 cm. After the concrete has hardened, insulate the armored belt, lay floor slabs on it.

constantly moisten products with water when working in hot weather;

prepare a cement-sand mortar or adhesive composition in small portions that retain their properties for 1–2 hours after mixing; correct the position of the blocks in rows for 15–20 minutes until the binder composition begins to harden; carry out construction work at a temperature of 5– 25 degrees Celsius; use antifreeze additives if construction is carried out at a negative temperature; plaster the foam concrete building 30 days after the construction of the box, when the shrinkage process is over (2-3 mm per meter of wall height).

Conclusion

The technology of laying foam blocks, described in detail in the presented article, has been tested in practice and is available even for beginners who do not have building skills. The increased dimensions of the products with a small weight allow you to quickly build walls.

It is important to use industrially produced foam concrete blocks. High-quality binders should be used and technological recommendations should be followed. This will ensure the stability and long service life of the structure under construction.

Nowadays, the building materials market is replenished almost daily with new developments. One of the most notable innovations in recent years in the field of construction are foam concrete blocks, which are widely used in the construction of suburban real estate. This building material has received such wide popularity absolutely deservedly.

A house made of foam blocks is strong and durable, as well as warm, which saves on heating.

The use of foam blocks allows not only to build a beautiful and comfortable country house, but also save a considerable amount of money. In addition, the technology of building a house from foam blocks with your own hands is not particularly difficult and is available to almost anyone.

Foam blocks and their properties

The structure of the foam block is porous and therefore it absorbs moisture like a sponge.

Today, the technology of building a house from foam concrete is becoming increasingly popular with owners of suburban areas. And this is no coincidence, because foam concrete has many valuable qualities that help make the construction of a summer house or a country cottage simpler and easier, and the house itself more convenient and comfortable.

Modern foam concrete has the following properties:

Foam concrete walls have the ability to "breathe", which makes them look like wooden walls. This property allows foam concrete masonry to successfully resist sweating. The special porous structure of foam concrete helps it to keep the house warm in the cold season, and cool in summer, on the contrary. bricks. This allows its owners to significantly save on heating. Foam concrete is an environmentally friendly building material. Foam concrete blocks are easy to process and do not require any special knowledge or skills. House walls built from foam concrete have very high strength and durability, which only increases with time.

Scheme of the characteristics of the foam block.

Another huge advantage of foam concrete building blocks is their low price.

This is due to the fact that no expensive materials are used in the production of foam concrete. For the manufacture of foam blocks, only cement, sand and plain water, as well as special foam are needed. It is for this reason that the construction of suburban real estate from foam concrete blocks will require from the owner of the site not as large material investments as the construction of similar cottages made of brick or wood.

In addition, the very technology of building houses from foam blocks is not particularly difficult and therefore accessible to almost anyone. Aerated concrete blocks are much larger than ordinary bricks, which greatly simplifies their use. Usually the size of the foam block is 60/30/20 cm, so building a house from this material takes much less time and does not require large physical costs.