Do-it-yourself liquid floor screed. Self-leveling floor screed in Yoshkar-Ola

Self-levelling flooring is one of the best achievements of science and technology. You can make a self-leveling floor with your own hands, but you should think carefully before doing this, because this work has many nuances. This floor has many positive qualities. The technological pause after the creation of the screed will be very small. The finished coating is waterproof, the floor has excellent hygienic properties. The texture of this floor is smooth. The bulk base is plastic and elastic. It has a small weight. So you can make a self-leveling floor even on a wooden floor.

This technology allows builders to level the floor. The self-levelling screed spreads quickly over the floor surface, resulting in a perfectly smooth finish.

Perfect smooth finish

The self-leveling floor is quite unpretentious in terms of the quality of the base. But there is an exception - this is the moisture content of the base. Water vapor that passes through the filling destroys the polymer films. As a result, the coating may begin to crumble. Therefore, it is very important to create a reliable waterproofing before filling. Base preparation includes the following steps:

1. Closing cracks;
2. Primer;
3. Waterproofing;
4. Thermal insulation and mesh laying;

Small cracks can be repaired in the usual way.

Crack repair

You can learn how to close such cracks in any construction video.

If the cracks are too large, it is worth checking first whether the coating is completely destroyed. If there is such a process, then the alignment is not worth the effort, because the house is in disrepair. If there is no destruction, then when closing cracks, perpendicular cuts are created to them. With their help, they are made that are able to reduce the load. Waterproofing will be required in all cases.

Waterproofing

Bulk floor should breathe only around the perimeter. So you will need any special material, for example, waterproofing. Before you start laying the film, you need to paste over the corners. They are glued with polystyrene foam tape.

If you decide to create a self-leveling floor on a wooden surface, then first you should check the surface for play. To do this, you can use a homemade plumb line. The device must be placed in the center of the room. The nose of the load should almost reach the floor. After that, you need to walk around the room and track the deviations of the load. The value of the game can be defined as the height of the suspension to the width or length of the room.

The limit is 1.2 mm per 1 m.

If the deviation is greater, then the flooring must be removed, and not its place to lay a new one. If the flooring is stable and of high quality, then you need to close the gaps. You can do this with wood putty. After that, it will be necessary to carry out waterproofing.

Required Tools

In order to level the floor with a self-leveling mixture, you will need tools such as:

• cement mixture;
• Primer;
• Container for mixing the solution;
• needle roller;
• Drill.

Solution preparation is the most responsible procedure. On our site you can find many videos with cooking instructions.

But some of them may not affect important nuances.

Solution preparation

Temperature. The operating temperature range is from 15 to 30 degrees. If you make a self-leveling floor in the cold, then it will turn out to be fragile. Pouring in hot weather is much worse. Temperature sensitive mixtures.

Best before date. The shelf life of finished cement mixtures is from 6 months to a year. Do not use expired mixtures. Ultimately, all this will affect the quality of the floor.

Water. In the instructions, a certain amount of water for kneading is written, while some tolerance is made. And this admission is not just done. If the conditions are favorable, then with the help of this tolerance it is possible to control the fluidity of the solution. If the temperature in the room is at the limits of permissible limits, then with the help of tolerances, the mixture is regulated by temperature. In the cold, use a minimum of water. In hot weather, the opposite is true.

Sand. Cement-sand mixtures are not stored, so you will need to buy sand separately. The instructions will tell you exactly what kind of sand you need. It is important to strictly follow the requirements. If there are no clear instructions, choose river sand.

The kneading process. It is necessary to mix the solution in portions in a bag or half a bag. Initially, water is poured into the vessel and only then the cement composition is poured. The kneading is done with a drill at low speeds - 100-300 rpm. The nozzle should be moved in a circle up and down. It is better not to touch the walls and bottom. Mix the solution for about 4 minutes. After the solution will have to ripen. This will take another 4 minutes.

Before you start pouring the floor, you need to clean the surface of dirt. It is especially important to clean all the cracks from various debris.

Clean the surface of contaminants

For better bonding, the entire surface of the floor is treated with a primer.

If you decide to make a self-leveling floor with your own hands, then it is better to invite a partner for this work. So it will be easier for you to fill the surface, and the result will be better.

Work sequence:

1. The first batch is created;
2. After the first solution is ready, it must be left to ripen. Next, you need to start cooking the second in another container. It is important to rinse the mixer before the second batch;
3. 20-30 seconds before the second batch is ready, we take the first one and pour it into the far corner. The empty bucket should be given to a partner so that he starts making the third batch. At this time, you can take a special tool - a squeegee - and start accelerating the first batch;

1. While the third batch is ripening, fill in the second and accelerate it;
2. The cycles will be repeated until the entire area is filled.

After these procedures, the floor may appear even. But you should not finish the work ahead of time, the self-leveling floor will need to be further leveled, namely, to remove air bubbles from the solution. If you forget about this stage, then the bubbles will definitely begin to float over time and the surface will be uneven.

Deaeration is the final stage of pouring.

It must be carried out using a special needle roller. Please note that there is a special visor above the roller.

Special needle roller

It is intended not so much to protect clothes from splashes, but to protect the solution itself. Moisture from spray evaporates very quickly. If it gets on the solution, then irregularities are created in it. They will be clearly visible. But at this stage, it will no longer be possible to level the surface. The floor will have to be refilled. In small areas, you can use a homemade piercing - an ordinary plank with nails. By the way, she can also disperse the solution.

Homemade piercing

On a large area - from 10 squares - you should not save. As you can see, making a self-leveling floor yourself is quite simple. In the process, you can use the video and instructions. All you need is knowledge and patience. And then you will get a self-leveling floor of high quality and durable.

Video

In this video you will learn how to properly apply a self-levelling floor screed.
Thanks to this material, you will get a lot of useful information.

Photo source: stroysyaneboysya.ru; consultinfo.net

In a house under construction, everything must be done conscientiously so that a person is comfortable and calm. In my opinion, the floor, as a structural element, plays one of the main roles. Therefore, in order to achieve a smooth and reliable floor, you should familiarize yourself with the axioms of laying the screed

Screed is one of the layers of the future floor, due to which a flat surface is achieved, on which the floor covering is directly laid.

A concrete screed is designed to achieve greater floor strength, which after many years will be able to withstand the weight of not only furniture, but also industrial equipment.

There are two options for laying a concrete screed for the floor:

Dry floor screeds

It is considered a new way of leveling. It wins by the fact that it is easy to install. When choosing this method, you will be relieved of the need to prepare solutions, fearing to "fly" with the proportions of the components, to smooth the surface for an incredibly long time. After the installation of such a screed is completed, the floor is immediately ready to receive the finish coating. As a result, you save a lot of time. They make a layer of various "dry" plates, sheets of chipboard, GVL, fine-grained expanded clay.

Liquid floor screeds

They are made using liquid mixtures, which, after a short time, turn to stone. When hardening, the cement screed will certainly shrink, so do not forget about shrinkage joints during work, especially if the area covered by the screed is over 30 m2 and the side length is more than 6 m. monolithic. A floor with such a screed is more durable.

Floor screed preparation

In the manufacture of floor screeds, the main thing is to arrange the liquid mixtures so that chips and cracks do not appear, as well as elevations / depressions exceeding 2 millimeters.

To determine the materials for the screed, find out the purpose of the room. In factories, in workshops, the floor will become more reliable when used in concrete screed. In apartments, special mixtures are often used, which provide not only reliability, but also heat preservation. They are rarely used in private sector homes, because the floor always remains cold.

Currently, in the manufacture of concrete screed in residential buildings, preference is given to cement-sand mixtures. They are quite common, and it is not a problem to acquire them. Usually this is a bag of gray powder, which is diluted just before starting work.

Before using the mixtures directly, prepare the surface. The quality of preparation depends on what will play the role of flooring. If it is planned to put tiles on the floor, a screed is not needed at all.

Choosing a floor screed

When choosing a floor screed, carefully read the product description given by the manufacturer on the packaging of the mixture. Pay attention to such items as the method of diluting the mixture, the air temperature in the room, humidity, drying time.

The bulk floor is poured to level the surface. When the subfloor is flooded, flaws are revealed in it in the form of an uneven surface relative to the level and small depressions in the form of pits. This material will tell and show how to fix such defects.

So, I practiced two ways to level the surface using a self-leveling floor and a leveling screed. Consider their pros and cons.

Tools:

• brush 15cm wide
• capacity 40 liters
• drill mixer
• needle roller for self-leveling floor
• spatula wide, narrow
• notched trowel, with a tooth height of 8-10 mm
• level
• rule
• trowel

Work progress

First way. self-leveling floor

Before starting work with a self-leveling floor, the surface must be cleaned of dust. It is advisable to do this with a vacuum cleaner. After that, we prime the surface with liquid glass (LS).

Its absorbency in the base of the floor depends on the consistency of the ZhS. It is necessary to dilute it in a ratio of 1 to 2 (one part of water to two parts of ZhS) and treat the surface, preferably in 2-3 layers. The time interval before the next application should be about 1 hour. Works are carried out at a temperature not lower than + 10 C.

After the LS has dried, the surface should take on a characteristic shade, as after applying varnish.

We do this so that when applying the self-leveling floor, all the moisture contained in the mixture is not absorbed into the floor, and the mixture itself does not dry out, but gradually hardens. Also, this procedure will serve as a kind of waterproofing of the floor.

Before kneading the self-leveling floor mixture, we make a wooden sole to fit the size of the shoe with self-tapping screws screwed into it. This is done so that after applying the self-leveling floor, you can walk on it without stepping on the whole foot.

We knead with a mixer the finished mixture of the self-leveling floor.

We carry out this work strictly according to the instructions indicated on the bag.

After that, pour the mixed mixture onto the floor and level with a spatula.

This also contributes to the uniform smoothing of the mixture along the plane.

In my case, after the floor is dry.

Cobweb-shaped cracks appeared on the floor, which means that the temperature regimes indicated on the bag were not observed.

To eliminate them, you can stick a grid for puttying facades.

First, apply the adhesive with a notched trowel.

In this way, we will fix the problem.

After the tile adhesive had dried, the linoleum was laid.

The second way. Floor leveling screed

To begin with, we perform the same work with ZhS, that is, we prime the surface. Then we prepare a cement-sand mixture (CPS), which includes sifted sand (coarse-grained), cement, tile adhesive in a ratio of 3 × 1x1 (three parts of sand, one cement, one tile adhesive).

The process begins with the installation of beacons by level. Next, apply the DSP with a notched trowel. The mixture must be rubbed into the floor surface.

After that, we level the DSP applied to the floor with the rule. While it is not completely frozen, rub the surface with a trowel.

You should get a uniform, even surface.

After the leveling screed has dried, for strength, we additionally impregnate it with liquid glass, diluted with water in a ratio of 2 to 1.

After the liquid glass dries, linoleum or any other coating spreads.

Conclusions about working with self-leveling floor and leveling screed

Bulk floor. It is easy and simple to work with him. Its thickness can be from 3 to 10 mm, but the price for the finished mixture is high. The need to follow the instructions for working with the mixture is also a minus.

Leveling strap. If you have enough time and budget, this is a suitable option.
Reminder: the main disadvantage of the leveling screed is that it reduces the height of the room by 10-15 mm, while the thickness of the self-leveling floor can be only 3 mm.

Using the self-leveling floor technology, you can create a perfectly flat surface, which will then serve as a finishing coating for laying parquet, tile, laminate, carpet, etc. At the same time, the bulk floor itself is easily applied to almost any solid surface: wood, concrete, stone base.

Next, we will consider in more detail how to fill the self-leveling floor on a cement-sand screed that is painted with oil paint. Initially, we have a fairly flat surface with allowable height differences of no more than 1 centimeter.

Main works:

1. We prepare the base
2. Prepare the bulk mixture
3. We lay the self-leveling floor

Let's consider the main processes in more detail.

1. Preparatory work.

We clean the surface.

It is necessary to approach this stage with special responsibility, since the result obtained may affect all work in the future. It should be noted that if obvious irregularities are present on the surface, then it is likely that the bulk mixture itself will not cover all the shortcomings. Therefore, in order to avoid such circumstances, all irregularities should be smoothed out as much as possible. Also, the presence of chemical and greasy stains can adversely affect the filling of the floor. If they are not eliminated, then in the future the composition of the self-leveling floor may be disturbed: various cracks and chips will appear.

To remove various debris and all kinds of stains, it is acceptable to use a conventional vacuum cleaner with further wet cleaning of the room. Particular attention should be paid to exfoliating weak points. If they are found, restore the damaged areas by sealing the defects with cement mortar.

The end result should be a smooth, clean surface.

We apply a ground layer.

To create deep adhesion, you need to perform a primer. There is no special requirement for the soil mixture, so you can choose any one you like from those on sale today. As an example, it is recommended to choose a soil-concrete contact that allows you to give the floor the desired roughness. The primer should be applied with a brush or roller.

2. Prepare the working mixture.

Before starting work, be sure to read the instructions and how to use the mixture.

Prepare a large container and pour water into it. On average, 5-6 liters of water should be poured into 20 kg of the mixture. Then pour in the dry mixture. For thorough mixing and creating a homogeneous mass, use a construction mixer or a special nozzle on an electric drill. At the same time, be sure to observe the proportions, as an excess of water will make the resulting mass too liquid. This may reduce the mechanical strength of the future floor.

Important: the finished mixture is used during the first 20 minutes. Therefore, do not stir the mixture in large portions. It is better to dilute a little at the first batch and practice styling.

When preparing the mixture, remember that you need to dilute it with water at room temperature, since the mixture will set faster in hot water.

3. Filling the self-leveling floor.

To perform the work, you will need an ordinary spatula and a needle roller. Using a spatula, the finished mixture is applied to the surface base and rolled out with a roller. In this case, the needles of the roller will remove the formed air bubbles.

Lay out the mixture from the far corner of the room. At the same time, make sure that it is distributed evenly (in narrow stripes). Then with a spatula fill in all the existing irregularities. At the end, smooth the self-leveling floor with a spiked roller so that the surface is perfectly smooth. After applying and processing the first strip, proceed with the next one until the entire surface of the floor is covered. The self-leveling floor dries for 10 hours. But it can be operated only after 3 days from the moment the mixture was applied.

Self-leveling floor screed makes it possible to perform high-quality leveling of the surface. For this, a special mixture is used, which facilitates the creation of the necessary evenness. This option has advantages over a simple cement screed, which is much more difficult to pour and has a rather long drying time.

The screed with a self-levelling effect has undeniable advantages that distinguish it from the standard options:

Self-levelling coatings have the shortest setting time compared to the competition

Of course, there are many more advantages, which makes such a solution quite popular for laying flat flooring.

But with all the positive properties of these compounds, there are also disadvantages:

• Impossibility of quick dismantling. Indeed, such a coating will require a large amount of time for complete removal.
• The screed is performed only on a horizontal plane. If you want to create some slope, according to the design intent, this is simply not possible.
• Not the highest strength. This parameter is explained by the small thickness, which often ranges from 5 to 15 mm.
• Potential for multiple cracks. This problem occurs due to poor surface preparation and violations of the installation technology.

Self-leveling floor requires careful preparation of the base, otherwise the coating will be irretrievably damaged

Thus, most of the negative points are associated with non-compliance with the correct pouring technology.

Types of mixture

The leveling screed has different types according to the created thickness. Each of the options is suitable for a specific task:

Important! It must be borne in mind that, despite the possibility of correcting defects with a self-leveling screed, a careful approach is required to prepare the base for pouring.

In addition to the division according to the method of application, there are varieties that differ in composition:

Gypsum and cement self-leveling compounds are equally well suited for both water and electric underfloor heating

Thus, there is a wide choice of materials, which gives this screed additional advantages over other options.

Material consumption

All work begins with the correct calculation of the required amount of self-leveling mixture. To obtain this indicator, numerous factors must be taken into account:

1. First of all, the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe room that will be poured is measured.
2. The state of the base is determined. If the surface has significant defects, then it is recommended to eliminate them during preparation. The fact is that solutions with a self-leveling effect can correct many shortcomings, but this significantly increases their consumption.
3. Desired layer thickness. This indicator is determined depending on the type of product and the existing irregularities.

Even slight curvature of the base leads to a serious consumption of expensive self-leveling floors

Each manufacturer indicates on the composition label the calculation rules depending on the conditions. But there is a standard calculation method: with a layer 10 mm thick, taking into account minor surface deviations, the total amount of dry mortar will be 1.5–2 kg.

Pouring process

This process begins with careful preparation. Self-levelling compound is applied mainly as a final coating, so any imperfections significantly complicate the work. The general principle of preparation is as follows:

• cracks and potholes are embroidered and sealed with putty compounds;
• the surface is cleaned of dust and dirt, a primer layer is applied;
• if required, a fiberglass reinforcing mesh is stretched, it is fixed with glue;
• when creating a layer with a thickness of more than 20 mm, special beacons are installed.

The basis is being prepared in stages, and each of the stages is equally important.

They are set according to the measurements taken to determine the maximum unevenness and the lines broken around the entire perimeter.

Additionally, the tools necessary for the work are prepared. It should be borne in mind that the process should be carried out at a temperature of 15 to 30 degrees and air humidity not more than 65–70%.

The self-levelling screed is created as follows:

1. Prepare a solution. It is kneaded with a mixer or a drill with a special nozzle. Due to the fact that the composition has a high setting speed, all work is carried out quickly.
2. The prepared mixture is poured onto the surface and spread with a spatula. When you want to quickly spread the composition over a large area, for greater convenience, you can use a doctor blade.
3. To achieve uniformity, a needle roller is used, which expels air bubbles. All work must be completed within half an hour.

Stages of the self-leveling floor

Thus, it is possible to quickly level the floor surface with minimal labor costs. It is important to take into account that the setting of the mortar occurs within an hour, but the laying of decorative materials can be started after several days.