The terrace is made of wood. How to build a veranda with your own hands - an open and closed extension to the house

How to make a wooden terrace: step-by-step photos of the construction of an open terrace in the country.

The article presents a photo and description of the process of an extension of a wooden platform to a wooden cottage house.

The terrace is an elevated horizontal site extension to the house, intended for placing furniture and interior items, for convenient time and outdoor recreation.

Usually terraces are installed immediately near the house, cottage or summer kitchen, in addition to such a platform, you can build pergola, canopy, gazebo or glazing and make a veranda.

In this case, we will look at the construction of the simplest wooden terrace, it will be an extension to a wooden cottage house.

Construction of a wooden terrace: step-by-step photos.

Starting Stage: Preparation of the site for construction, wechy the platform from garbage and vegetation, mark the size of the future building.

The next stage setting the foundation, in this case there is a column foundation, concrete blocks are used. Under the blocks are dug small pits and in each pit there is a pillow of rubble.

Concrete blocks are installed by level in one horizontal plane. In blocks, when casting, mortgages were installed from the reinforcement, which will be used to fasten the strapping from the bar.

We will make a strapping from a bar with a cross section of 100 x 100 mm. Bar Breeping to mortgage long bolts.

We put lags for the floor, you can use a bar or lagged the board, an option with a board is preferable, since the board will cost cheaper than a bar, if there are sawmills, you can dissolve the timber on the boards and materials you will need less.

Lugi Fresh to the strapping from the bar, check the construction level and even so that all lags are at the same level. From the side of the houses of the lags to the ends, fastened on metal corners to the supporting board mounted on the wall of the house. To the opposite ends of the Lag, the sidewalls from the same board.

Lags necessarily need to be treated with antifungal impregnation, as an option you can use an old proven method, lags covered with spent machine oil.

Flooring the floors from the boards, because it is an open terrace, atmospheric precipitates will be affected on wood if the wood recks it will begin to swell, so the genital boards need to be launched, but with a small uniform gap 3 - 5 mm which compensates for the extension of wood. Boards Breeping to lags with nails or screws.

We process the entire surface of the floor with a grinding machine using sandy medium grain paper.

The wooden terrace must be necessary to treat antifungal impregnation, which will protect wood from rotting, then coat with paint or varnish for external work.

For the terrace, use paint or varnish designed only for outdoor work!

It is very important not to save on high-quality lacquer or paint, otherwise, in a couple of years, the coating will sweep and will have to take everything and repaint, the costs of materials will be even more, so it is better to immediately treat wood with high-quality materials.

falls organizing a place to relax on the country site set. The fastest and easy way to attach a wooden terrace to the house. This simple structure allows you to comfortably enjoy fresh air and take sunbathing. And if you make a closed type terrace, which reliably protects from wind, dust and precipitation, then you can relax in any weather.

The practicality of such an extension was estimated by many homeowners. With a sufficient area on the terrace, the whole family is comfortably located along with guests, and if you install a barbecue or barbecue, the resting platform turns into a convenient place for cooking and eating. In short, the possibilities are endless!

Themed Material:

The best option for beginner builders will be an open summer terrace adjacent to the house. To build such a structure correctly, it is necessary to figure out all stages - from the compilation of a detailed project to finishing and decorative works. Why start?

Features of the construction of the terrace

A place to relax in the country area can be decorated in the form of a separate arbor, a closed veranda at the entrance to the house or the open terrace.

The latter option has a number of features that allocate it against other buildings:

Where to build a terrace

Place for the construction of an open platform, consider considering:

• what side of the house is illuminated by the sun;
• view that opens from the terrace;
• the features of the soil - the nature of the soil affects the choice of the foundation;
• landscape of the site - the construction should organically fit into the overall design of the yard and harmonize with the style of the house.

Often the open platform is located near the pool or natural reservoir. The form of structures can be different: rectangular, round, asymmetric, curved.

Interesting multi-level terraces that save themselves to make individual steps and providing effective drainage.

Place the construction can:

• next to one of the walls of the building on the general foundation;
• around the whole house;
• separately from the dwelling - in this case, the terrace resembles a gazebo.

Selection of material

What is better to make a terrace? Many options.

• Wood. The wooden structure is distinguished by durability, reliability, ensures maximum comfort and homely atmosphere. Construction will come out the most economical and least labor.
• Stone, concrete, brick. It is more difficult to work with these materials, they cost more and do not allow to implement part of the designer ideas.
• Metal. Of the steel or cast iron make beautiful railing and standing design. But this option is spent from a financial point of view. Also, it is not necessary to work with the metal at all - you need at least one to own the welding machine. In addition, rest on such a terrace will be less comfortable, since the steel is heated in the sun.
• Polymer composite, or DPK. This raw material is the cheapest and simple processing. Thanks to the coating of PVC, the material does not need to be protected by impregnation from rotting, like elements of a wooden structure. Externally attractive DPK - resembles natural wood texture.

With the construction of the terrace, it is not necessary to apply new materials, you can make a platform for recreation from residues after the construction of the house. The main thing is that the boards, concrete blocks for the foundation and other elements did not have defects and were processed by special impregnation, protecting the moisture, temperature drops. Only in this case, the design will turn out to be strong and durable.

Drawing up drawings

Before it is important to figure out all the design details of the design. A properly compiled and approved plan of structures - a guarantee of the quality and legality of the construction.

What should be in the project?

The following technical characteristics are reflected in the drawing:

• area with accurate indication of sizes;
• materials used;
• mass of the structure;
• type of foundation.

When drawing up a project, it is important to take into account the features of the place selected for the placement of the terrace: the type and structure of the soil, the technical condition of the wall and the foundation of the house, climatic factors.

Users are often looking for:

Since it is quite difficult to make a drawing of the terrace, the best solution will be the appeal to a specialized project organization. Professional engineers will make up the plan of structures taking into account the construction norms and wishes of the customer.

Project approval

Despite the fact that the house is the property of the owner of the land plot, making changes to the design of residential premises should be coordinated and approved:

• fire safety service;
• sanitary and epidemiological controls;
• local administration.

Without a complete package of documents, the construction will be considered a self-employment that will not allow to sell, give, exchange the house or use the property as a credit pledge.

Stages of construction of an open terrace

An extension to the home area for recreation is carried out in several steps:

The last stage can be omitted, but additional items will make the design of the original and functional.

For the terrace, a tape or bonded base is suitable. However, often builders resort to a simpler version - the use of border stone under the foundation. In this case, the work is as follows:

1. With the help of fittings or wooden pegs indicate the boundaries of the future building. For the convenience of further work on the perimeter stretch the twine.
2. In the corners, temporary supports of bricks with a height of about 40 cm are installed.
3. The tops are laid at the corner to the house of about 2 ° (this will provide a good stock of precipitation). For leveling use a construction level.
4. At the top of the lag stretch the twine, the lags are cleaned.
5. Instead of temporary supports make columns from concrete.
6. Between the racks, trenches are dugged under the curb stone and poured concrete.
7. Stones are installed.
8. When the mixture is frozen, the gaps between the foundation elements fall asleep with a clamzite for thermal insulation.

If the construction is new, the founding of the house and the terrace does not need to connect it - the building shrinkage will lead to the destruction of the extension. If the house is worth a long time, the foundations are combined with a metal fastener.

Design wooden flooring

Step-by-step instructions for the floor for the terrace:

1. Lags are installed on the foundation.
2. Market places for fastening timber.
3. The crossbars are fixed using metal corners.
4. Mount the boards. Before this tree is carefully treated with impregnation from rotting, bacteria and fungus. Between the boards leave small gaps for ventilation and temperature deformations.
5. The edges of the flooring are trimmed for greater aesthetic.
6. The surface is varnished or stained.

It is advisable to use larch, because it is rich in natural resins and is ideal for street buildings.

If the deck terrace seems too simple, the construction can be supplemented with auxiliary elements, such as the roof.

The roof options for the terrace are several:

• the construction adjacent to the house - is placed on a rafter from a wooden bar, fastened to the upper strapping on vertical racks;
• polycarbonate roof;
• construction from a transparent slate;
• removable canopy in the form of a stretched awning.

However, the construction of the roof can not be bored - from the Sun will perfectly protect simple umbrellas. However, in this case, the furniture and decor will have to be removed every time abundant precipitation.

Terrace design

Decorative elements are affected by a variety. For example, wooden fences consisting of three parts are installed on an open area for relaxation: racks, railings and balasine. These elements are attached to the supports on which the roof is kept, or to its own vertical beams.

As an alternative to a wooden fence, light tulle tulle, which creates a feeling of air, decorating a terrace and protecting against sunlight.

Required elements of recreation areas - tables, chairs, lounge chairs and other furniture. Additionally, decorate the room can be vegetation in pots or a lively hedge around the perimeter of the structure.

Thus, the construction of the terrace is the best option for a beginner wizard. To build an open platform with your own hands is easy - you just need to carefully follow the recommendations and comply with the technology of work.

The veranda allows advantageously to expand the useful space of a residential building. In the correctly erected and competently equipped an extension, you can comfortably spend time both in warm and cold season.

The extension is best to erect so that it covers the entrance door to the main house. Therefore, to build a veranda from any desired side of the ready-made main building you will not work. Otherwise, the veranda will be divorced from the main building and will have to go into it across the street.

The enabarits of the extension are selected individually. For a family of 3-6 people, there is enough veranda with dimensions of 3x4 m. It is also important to take into account the general view from the street. For example, if you live in a large two- or even a three-story house, and the veranda will be very small, the overall architectural ensemble will be negarmonic. To the compact houses you can safely add the verandas width over the entire wall of the main building - it looks wonderful.

Important remark! Regardless of the selected dimensions and in general, the features of the extension, its erection must be pre-bonded. For this, you should have a project in your hands. You can find it in open sources or order in a specialized company.

With the finished project, go to the local architectural department. Employees of the department will study your project, make the necessary edits and will be issued permission. Consider that it takes about 2-3 months on average for consideration and approval of the project, so the solution of this issue is most profitable to do in winter before the construction season.

Marking of the construction site

We begin the preparation of our construction site.

First step. We shoot around the perimeter of the future building about 150 mm of the upper layer of soil and take it onto flower beds, in a garden or another place.

The second step. Align the resulting deepening.

Third step. Perform markup. First, focusing on the project, drive metal or wooden pins in the corners of the site, then in a similar way we drive the intermediate pegs every 1-1.5 m, and after stretching the rope between the pins. We will be focused on it in the process of arrangement of the foundation.

We do foundation

Most often, the verandas are built on the bases of the columnar or tape type. The depth of the support is taken equal to the depth of the foundation of the main house. Binding the basic support with the foundation of an extension is urgent not recommended, because These designs will have a strong weight. Consequently, their shrinkage will also differ. So that a heavy house does not pull a relatively light extension behind you, the latter need to be erected on a separate foundation. To do this, we leave an approximately 3-4 centimeter clearance between the foundations.

Important moment! When choosing a type of foundation, consider, first of all, the peculiarities of the soil in your region and the total mass of the veranda. For the construction of heavy structures on bunching soils, monolithic are best suited. Lightweight structures, for example, from wood, can be built on bar supports.

Ribbon base

The foundation of the ribbon type is optimally suitable for the further construction of verandas from construction blocks or bricks. The thickness of the base, as already noted, withstand an equal thickness of the foundation of the house. If this is a new building, keep the thickness at 70-80 cm.

First step. ROOM trench around the perimeter of the walls of the extension.

The second step. Align the bottom and walls of the trench, from wooden boards or shields in the height of the future concrete support.

Third step. We consistently fall asleep the bottom of the trench with a 10-centimeter layer of sand and the same layer of rubbanks with a mandatory dump of each bowl of frighting.

Fourth step. We lake the reinforcement grid out of 10-12-millimeter rods. The recommended size of the mesh cells is 10x10 cm. So the base will be as strong as possible.

Fifth step. We pour concrete made from the portion of cement, three portions of sand, 4-5 portions of rubbank and water.

Thorring the fill thoroughly and leave it to dry and gain strength for 3-4 weeks. In the heat every day shed concrete to prevent his cracking.

Basic base

For the veranda of a bar or polycarbonate perfectly suitable. Poles for pillars are recommended to make a depth of 80-110 cm. If the veranda is small (about 3x4 m), it will be enough to install supports in the corners. However, professional builders recommend setting intermediate racks for any sizes of the veranda. The distance between the supports withstand in the range of 0.8-1 m.

First step. Roy Poam in the places of future pouring poles. It is convenient to do this with a bora.

The second step. I fall asleep the bottom of each recess 15-20-centimeter layer of sand. Additionally, it is recommended to pour about 10 cm rubble. Each layer is tamped.

Third step. We pour concrete to the level of the soil and give him to frozen.

Fourth step. Ready concrete supports are missing bitumen.

Fifth step. I fall asleep the slot between the earth and the supports.

Sixth step. We build an overhead part of brick columns. Height make an equal height of the foundation of the main house.

Making a draft floor

The floor can be wooden and concrete. For example, in a frame veranda of a wooden bar, the wooden floor will be more relevant. In the extension of the brick, the concrete fill will be better fit.

Wooden rough floors do this:

• fix the bottom strapping bar on the foundation. We use suitable fasteners, for example, anchor. For connecting directly bars, pre-samples in the places of their joints and additionally fasten with galvanized nails;
• to the lower strapping, the wooden lags are fed. Step with stand at 50 cm - so the floor will not completely fail. We use the compound version described above;
• we fall asleep space between lags by clay;
• we make flooring from the unedged board or plywood thick of about 50 mm. Elements of flooring fastened to lags with galvanized nails or self-drawing.

Concrete screed do this:

• i fall asleep the base with a 10-centimeter layer of sand;
• on top of the layer;
• we put the reinforcing grid. For the floor, the veranda is enough mesh from rods with a diameter of 6-8 mm with cells 25x25 cm;
• pour concrete.

Important! The screed must be as smooth as possible. Work with the mandatory use of the level.

Build a wooden veranda

The main properties of the material

The tree is one of the most popular and ancient building materials. Even after the market for all sorts of blocks and other budget and simple elements in the arrangement, wood practically did not pass positions.

With the erection of a simple frame wooden veranda, almost everyone can cope. It is only necessary to correctly mount the frame racks and sew them shields, clapboard or other suitable material.

The indisputable advantage of wood is its environmental friendliness, a beautiful appearance and a relatively small weight. The last property allows you to abandon the arrangement of expensive and complex in the construction of foundations.

The main disadvantage of the wooden veranda is its fire hazard - the installation of a mangaal in a similar extension or in close proximity to it is a very responsible event that requires accounting for many nuances and trifles. Therefore, the source of fire is better to carry out somewhere away beyond the limits of the wooden veranda.

Another significant disadvantage of wood is its bad tolerability of high humidity, in view of which the material needs a serious pretreatment special. Without such training, wood is very quickly rotating.

Erection procedure

For the construction of the frame, we use a high-quality wooden bar with a cross section of 100x100 mm. The lower strapping and the draft floor we already have, so further we work, adhering to the following instructions.

First step. Cut in the bottom strapping of the groove to install vertical supports. Withstand a half-meter step.

The second step. Install vertical racks. For fastening frame elements, we use brackets and self-tapping screws or nails.

Important! The roof of our veranda, as noted, will be inclined. Therefore, the vertical timber installed at the bottom point of the skate, we make 50 cm below the opposite racks.

Third step. We mount the top of the upper strapping. At higher racks, no questions arise - the connections do the same in the same way as in the previous stages.

When installing the strapping of lower supports, we do the following: first connect the pillars with a longitudinal strapping bar, and then fix crossbars connecting high and low racks at the height of low racks. With high crossbar racks, fasten through pre-created samples and nails.

Fourth step. Upper strapping is ready. The resulting slope will allow us to lay rafters for the roof. Additionally, we feed the beam-run near the roofing slope. For bonding beams with all supports, use anchor bolts. For greater reliability, it is recommended to bore the strapping bar with transverse boards or bars, if possible and need to (focus on the weight of the future roofing material). We will attach racks and soars for greater strength of the solo system.

Fifth step. Mount with 50 cm increments. To do this, use a wooden timing with a cross section of 100x200 mm. Connection of structural elements perform any of the previously discussed methods.

Sixth step. We are slaughtered. For the inner sheat, the lining is perfectly suitable for outdoor - siding or other material. Between materials of the outer and inner covering, lay the layers of hydro and thermal insulation. Film attach to frame. The position of the insulation is fixed by transverse rails. The material of the finishing finish is also attached. When sheeling do not forget to leave openings for windows and doors.

Prices for various types of timber

Brick verandas

Basic information about building materials

Brick is great for the construction of capital veranda. In the construction of this material will be cool in the summer and, provided that the insulation is properly performed, heat in winter. Brick masonry durable, fireproof and unpretentious in care.

The main lack of a brick building is a big weight. Such structures are erected solely on, which is not the best way to affect the total cost of construction.

Procedure for the construction of the veranda

The foundation is ready and waterproof, the screed of flooded, the base is flat and no additional preparatory activities require. We proceed to layout the walls.

Pre-choose the appropriate type of masonry. The simplest options, perfectly suitable for self-erection of the veranda, are as follows:

• spoonful masonry. The total thickness of the wall will be 120 mm;
• tychkin masonry. Wall thickness - 250 mm;
• chain masonry. Allows you to get walls with a thickness of 380 mm.

First step. Attach at the two opposite ends of the foundation with a coupler cord-moor. It must pass along the edge of the base.

The second step. I exhibit angular bricks on the cord, and after filling the space between them in accordance with the selected masonry method. To fasten the building elements, we use a standard cement solution.

Third step. We check the smoothness of the first row and in the same way distribute the walls on the desired height, not forgetting to leave openings for doors and windows.

Important! It will be inclined, so the wall coming to the bottom of the skate is, as well as the lateral walls adjacent to it, we make a row below compared to the wall that supports the roof.

Having laid out the last series of walls, we equip the armoomas. To do this, fix on the upper surface of the walls formwork a height of about 70 mm on each wall, exhibit an anchor bolts in the corners, put the reinforcing rods and pour concrete.

We give concrete to frozen, and then fastened to the anchor bolts, the strapping from a wooden bar with a cross section of 10x10 cm. Further order to arrange the rafter system remains similar to the situation with

If the veranda is planned to be used throughout the year, the wall masonry can be performed in two rows, filling the gap between the rows of thermal insulating material. With single masonry insulation, moisture insulation and interior decoration are carried out by analogy with a wooden veranda. Outdoor finish remains at your discretion. You can simply be carefully sutvized and finish.

Prices for construction and facing brick

Construction and facing brick

Making roof veranda

And rafters are installed. It remains to make a crate, mount the insulating layers and lay the finishing roofing material.

The doom can be solid (for rolled materials) and rarefied (for sheet roof). A solid crate make from OSB plates. To do this, secure them to rafters with a 1-centimeter gap. The bars of the rarefied cladder are secrets with a step recommended by the manufacturer of the selected roofing material. On average, it is 30-35 cm. For fastening the crate to rafters, we use galvanized nails or screws.

Cells between the bars of the crates fill the mineral wool for thermal insulation. From above, we laid the waterproofing film and attach it to the crate using a stapler with brackets. In case of arrangement of a solid crate, heat insulation fixing from the inside of the room. Fixation of insulation slabs provide with the help of transverse speakers, feeding them to the crate.

Finishing remains to mount. It is better that it corresponds to the roof cover of the main house. Otherwise, focus on your preferences and affordable budget.

Finish floor

If the draft floor is wooden, label in the space between them the insulation and stuffed to lags flooring from edged boards. Boards are paints and covered with varnish.

On top of the concrete screed, you can also equip the boardwall, similar to the previous method, or put another material at its discretion, for example, linoleum.

On completion, the doors remain, to fulfill furnishings at their discretion and connect lighting if necessary. We will not pull the wiring. It is enough to withdraw the extension from the house and include the necessary lighting devices.

Good job!

Video - the veranda do it yourself

Many owners of private houses, wanting to increase the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe structure, seek to attach various structures to it. One of the most common is an open veranda. Consider how the terrace is made of wood - the most affordable building material in our country.

We compile a project extension

Before embarking on the construction of the veranda of wood and any other materials, it is worth carefully to work out the project documentation. That will pre-calculate all the necessary materials, decide on the form of the future structure, to avoid possible errors in construction. Even if you do not have the necessary levels of drawing or similar tools, we recommend performing the simplest sketches of the future building with the indication of its size.

Users are often looking for:

During the design of the project, you should consider the entire sequence of work, the most optimal techniques for its implementation. Similarly, it should be declared with necessary for the construction of a terrace, equipment and tools.

Stage First - Bookmark Foundation

After determining the sequence of construction - the veranda, with its own hands from the tree, is erected. It is necessary to start from the base of the terrace, which is a ribbon small-breeding or column foundation.

As a rule, both types are widely widespread when performing independent manufacture of houses. Consider the features of data for the future terrace.

Column for the column

Simple and less expensive from the point of view of materials and physical effort is a column foundation of the veranda. It represents several separate rectangular supports in the horizontal plane. For the manufacture use the following materials:

• brick ceramic red;
• blood concrete blocks;
• construction blocks concrete;
• masonry sandstop-cement solution.

Before installing for future columns, pits 0.6-1m pits. The depth of the blowout under the support of the terrace depends on the quality of the soil and the mass of the future structure. The bottom of the holes are sleeping with sand and rubble with an intermediate lobby. Over the skewlings under the base of the terrace, a concrete pillow for alignment is poured.

The wooden veranda should evenly rely on all the elements of the foundation. For this, the pillars are displayed on the overall level in height. For this purpose, you can use partially cropped blocks or bricks, as well as various thickness of the seams. After installing all the supports for the terrace, they must be protected from moisture. In this case, use ready-made bitumen mastic and rolled waterproofer. Similarly, waterproofing of columns under the veranda is also carried out.

Tape under the terrace - pros and cons

For a terrace requires great effort during construction. Main steps:

1. marking tape around the perimeter of the terrace walls;
2. copper of the trench to a depth of at least 0.6 meters wide about 30 cm;
3. installing the formwork for lifting the tape over the soil level to the brusade strapping of the veranda;
4. performing the swelling of the bottom of the trench sand and rubble;
5. manufacture and installation of a reinforcing frame of steel rods;
6. preparation of concrete solution in sufficient volume, filling the tape to the top edge of the formwork;
7. waterproofing of frozen tape using finished compositions;
8. floating trenches soil.

As can be seen from the description of the process, the technology of installing a ribbon foundation under the terrace of wood is a rather laborious and long-term process, requires higher qualifications than when mounting a bar base. In case of incorrect erection or high mobility of the soil, the tape can break and exacerbate, which will necessarily affect the entire structure.

Stage Second - Building Frame Construction

On the finished foundation, the framework of the framework of the structure is performed. The wooden terrace is made quickly even alone. For work, a construction bar is required by a cross section of 150x150 and 100x100 mm. The first timber is suitable for the lower strapping - the base of the floor of the veranda, the second - on the racks and supports for the railil.

We put the bottom strapping

The timing segment 150x150 is placed on a previously unclenched roofing foundation for a terrace. If the dimensions exceed 6 meters - the standard length of sawn timber in our country, you will have to split the elements of the strapping. The technology of the angular and longitudinal connection of the bar is as follows:

1. Select the most even, not behavished lumber.
2. On the ends, marched on half of the thickness of the bar. The length of the future groove is equal to in our case 150 mm.
3. Siliate the timber on the markup using a manual or mechanical tool - a carpentry, circular or chain saw.
4. Connect the details of the groove in the groove at an angle or along.
5. Additionally, enhance the compound by driven by 2-3 nails No. 150.

In order to avoid possible displacement of the carcass of the terrace relative to the base (it is worth thinking about the construction stage of the foundation) at the top of the columns or tapes are left several trimming of steel reinforcement with a diameter of 8 or 10 mm and the length of the free end of 200-250 mm. Before laying the strapping at the outlet points of the steel rods, the holes of the larger diameter are drilled, and the timber is laid on the pins, which are then fused.

After carrying out the brusade strapping of the floor terrace around the perimeter, lay the same cross section of several transverse bars of the same section, setting up in advance marked and dumped grooves in a step of about 1 meter, while engaging with long nails.

Install the racks

For the roof support, the veranda from the tree must be installed on the outer angles and along the long side, a parallel wall of the house, several vertical bars. The length of which is chosen in such a way that the height of the roof of the terrace from the floor amounted to at least 2 meters, and the bias of the roof from the main structure was observed.

Circuit Connection Scheme and Stands

If the terrace strapping bar is allowed not to strict, then the racks must be pre-rigged by the electrolabank. This will allow them to give them a more aesthetic appearance and simplify the further finish and processing of the veranda. Street racks should be attached to self-drawers using reinforced steel corners. In the upper part, the ends of the bar are fixed to the strapping of the terrace, which is a frame element that serves to increase the strength of the veranda design.

The top strapping is better to make 100x100 planed bars. The assembly is carried out on Earth equally, after which it is installed on the ends of the racks and is attached to them. At the same time, it is necessary to verify the perpendicularity of vertical parts in two planes. To do this, use a plumb or construction level.

Stage Third - Floor Installation of Terraces

The phased process of installation of the terrace of wood continues the manufacture of flooring the extension. Special attention should be paid to the correct selection of material, these are operating conditions associated with the constant impact of moisture and sharp temperature drops.

Standard floorboard from pine or ate worst What can be chosen for the veranda. If you decide to use it, you must definitely turn the sawn timber with antiseptic compositions that protect the tree from rotting and lesion by various microorganisms. Special attention is paid to the processing of boards from the end.

The best choice for the floor of the veranda is the floorboard from larch. Her advantages:

• resistant to moisture and damage to fungi, mold, insects;
• has a beautiful wood structure;
• it is well amenable to additional processing of protective and decorative compositions.

Instead of larch for street terraces, artificial outdoor material is often used - Deoping.

To increase the decorative properties of the entire product, as a whole, the flooring can be placed not only traditionally along one of the sides of the terrace, but also at an angle to them. In this case, the flow rate on the veranda will be increased by 20 percent, but it is worth it. Also carry out from the center to diagonals, which requires the performance of accurate angular cuts that can be made on a tracingly circular saw.

Stage 4 - Roof mounting

Protect veranda visitors and flooring from rain and sunny heat will help high-quality roof. The frame is made of wood, using the vertical strapping of the terrace and a horizontal ram-base, fixed on the wall of the house. When erecting the roof of the veranda, it is necessary to provide a slope towards the horizon at least 15-20 o in order to avoid the accumulation of large masses of the snow.

As roofing materials for the terraces, both traditional metal sheets or soft roofs and less common glass or color cellular polycarbonate are used. Thanks to the use of the latter, the roof of the veranda may have a radius rounding or a dome-shaped form. Of course, this will require the manufacture of a more complex rafting system, but will give the appearance of the terrace of uniqueness.

Stage 5 - installation of railing, finishing

Limit the inner space of the veranda and protect visitors from the fall will help railing from a tree. Move which made of profiled metal or planed timber. Balasins will give a highlight to the external interior.

Having finished the installation of the fence should be treated with wood with the help of morolok, doland or paints on an oil basis, in other words, protect and prepare for operation.

In this article we disassembled the issue of building a veranda, as it turned out this is not at all difficult. The main thing is to follow the recommendations and step by step algorithm.

The ability to be at home and at the same time on the street, enjoy the surrounding nature and not wet in the rain, sunbathing and frying the barbecue, to arrange a winter garden, relax the whole family - all these desires become performed thanks to the ancient invention of architects, popular and in our days. Even to the finished house, you can attach a terrace with your own hands without spending significant funds.

What is a terrace, its types

The site near the house or in the garden, equipped for a comfortable stay, as a rule, adjacent to one of the walls of the house, traditionally raised above the ground level, with a flooring and a canopy - here is the standard definition of the terrace. In fact, the varieties of the terraces are a lot. To choose the appropriate option for your site, you should figure out in contractions and subtleties of different types of these sites.

Type

The separation on the main groups is made according to constructive features and degree of openness, as well as by location on the site. The choice of the type of platform affects the purpose and the surrounding natural conditions, for example, strong winds or the presence of reservoir.

Open

For a mild climate and, if you wish to relax in the fresh air, an open terrace is perfect. It is made without walls and roof, which allows you to enjoy the proximity of nature. For privacy on such a platform, you can place high plants or decor elements, make glass fencing, mount balusters and railings.

Solar rays and atmospheric precipitates will fall on the furniture and other elements of the interior, so the sofas and chairs are better to choose from a material that is not damaged by water and not burning.

For the winter, the interior items are better to clean the house

Half-open

Today is a sunny day and you want an open area, and in the evening it will rain and grinds. In this case, a successful solution will be a compromise between the veranda and the outdoor and fresh air of the terrace. Semi-open options are without roofs, but surrounded by walls and with a canopy in combination with a different number of walls and partitions, columns.

The most advanced version of such a private recreation area is a facility with sliding glass or plastic walls and a canopy. When changing conditions, it is possible to close the sash and be in a fully protected area of \u200b\u200bindoor.

If you want to get angry from immodest views, you can use curtains and curtains, put pots with indoor plants, hang caspo, put around a living fence

Closed

If the weather conditions in the region are complex and often change, the optimal solution will be the construction of a closed terrace where you can relax and enjoy the country's scenery even in winter. This is a whole room with walls and ceiling, a canopy or roof, it can be heated and has a separate entrance from the street or from home.

In the closed terrace, winter gardens are often arranged, and in the summer to make the platform more open, sliding frames and walls

By location

The terrace can be located in the depths of the garden, at the pond or pool, adjacent to the house. Depending on the location, recreation areas have their own design features and nuances of decor and lighting.

Soil

The beautiful platform in the garden can be equipped directly on the ground, conducting preparatory work on strengthening and leveling the base for the terrace. The light canopy will be dialed and create privacy, the wicker furniture will provide comfort, and garden plants and flowers around will give aroma and merging with nature.

To protect the terrace from the wind, you can establish light partitions

The advantages of the ground construction:

• easiness and speed of construction;
• minimum financial costs;
• openness of space and proximity to nature.

Among the minuses can be noted:

• unprotectedness from bad weather, the possibility of infinity;
• the need to process materials by antiseptics;
• not recommended for unstable and complex soils;
• need a flat site.

Ground

These flooring are slightly raised above the ground, they are mounted on the lags or concrete base. The finishing finishing material for the flooring traditionally serves a terraced board, which looks great and does not rot, does not have a reflection, safe and pleasant to walk barefoot.

The advantages of ground sites:

• it can be both open and closed or combined;
• minor financial costs;
• the flooring protects against water and dust;
• great opportunities for design and design;
• does not require fencing due to low height.

There are relative disadvantages:

• the need to arrange the foundation;
• wooden parts require special processing.

The terraces flooring should be 5 cm below the level of the threshold of the house so that the melting snow and the rain did not get into the room

Sublime

Such terraces are raised above the level of the ground to height from the half-meter, have steps, fencing or walls, partitions. This is the optimal solution for complex relief and sections with a slope, houses with a high basement and a porch, if desired, to build a multi-level zone for a comfortable stay. The advantages of this terrace are:

• the possibility of useful use of space with a slope or height differences;
• the possibility of a device of multistage complex structures.

Ovissing

If there is a natural reservoir, swimming pool or pond next to the estate, then the construction of a hanging terrace will be a good solution. It is also recommended for complex relief and a large slope at the house. The hanging structures in the mountain resorts and estates with beautiful views are very popular. Pluses of a hanging terrace:

• allows you to enjoy the proximity of water;
• the possibility of useful use of plots with a complex relief;
• awesome view, the playground is painted in the air.

The disadvantages of the hanging design are the complexity of construction and a significant cost of estimates, the need for a fence for a safe rest

What can be built from

For the construction, various materials are used, the choice depends on the purpose and presence of walls and roofs. For heavy structural elements, a more durable frame and a solid foundation will be required. On the market you can find special weather-resistant and expensive materials for use on the street, and with a limited budget to use fir-handed and cheap.

Base and floor

For light open land and ground galleries, it is enough to make a gravel-sand pillow. In its construction, gravel or crushed stone of the middle fraction and sand are used, and geotextiles are placed between these layers. Geopolite will prevent the sand mixing with the crushes and the sedimentation of the base, as well as strengthen and lines the soil and will not give weeds to germinate on the terrace.

More solid vehicles are traditionally built on the basis of metal screw piles, concrete supports, screed and lower strapping from wooden beams and lag.

For closed massive structures with the roof, the following types of foundations will be suitable:

• tape;
• pile;
• screw.

A ribbon and pile view from the M-300 brand concrete, sand, water and plasticizer, which is used liquid soaps, is performed. Reinforcement is performed using a rod, metal mesh or girlfriend. When installing formwork, you will need boards and bars for the backups, and the installation of piles involves the use of rubberoid with a non-removable formwork and waterproofing.

The screw foundation is mounted from steel piles with blades below

The floor of the ground terrace does not fit completely, arrange the furniture and enjoy the rest in good weather. You can lay out a platform:

• paving slabs;
• tiled stone;
• sweep small marine pebbles of different colors.

On the top of the top, the blockage is mounted and lags from a bar with a size of 50x150 mm, an aluminum profile or DPK for Decing.

The decoration of the flooring is recommended to carry out a terrace board specifically invented for the street. It looks neat and imitates natural wood of valuable and expensive varieties, has a rich palette of textures and shades, provides ample opportunities for stylish design area of \u200b\u200brecreation.

For fasteners of a terrace board, you need to take galvanized or steel nails

The advantages of this material:

• does not rot, it does not fade, it does not burn;
• it is not deformed under the influence of water and heat: it does not breed and do not swell;
• the service life is at least 30 years;
• absolutely environmental and safe, it is nice to walk barefoot;
• affordable price, simplicity of installation;
• you can wash and clean with detergents.

The usual floorboard is also used for flooring. Wood is inexpensive, in this it plus, but there are also cons:

• under the influence of moisture, the fungus and mold is formed on it, insects are breed, dark spots appear, then wood destruction occurs;
• from the water of the board are deformed, and dry air is breathed;
• fire hazard.

So that it lasts longer, the board should be treated with antiseptic impregnation and coat with several layers of weatherproof or yacht varnish, as well as choose rocks resistant to street conditions, such as larch.

Perfectly on the terrace clinker or ceramic tile for street work, natural stone. It is desirable to choose unplanned and non-slip coating options. The stamped concrete is an innovative material consisting of a monolithic concrete printed with polyurethane forms to form various textures on its surface.

Stamped concrete imitates a tree, stone, blocking, ceramics

Frame

The frame is the basis for the roof and future walls of the closed terrace, it carries the main weight load, so the framework of the frame is chosen either a thick wooden bar or a metal profile. For lightweight sites, metal plastic structures can be used.

The treatment of wooden parts is carried out by fungicide impregnation and varnish or paint for outdoor work.

Standard timber size for support racks 100x100 mm or 150x150 mm, from rocks should choose a larch or oak, coniferous. Aspen, Birch or Beech are not suitable for the construction of a frame, as they quickly destroy from water. The support racks are enhanced by disconsets that reduce the load on the supports and give the designs additional rigidity and stability. For these works, the bar is taken with dimensions of 50x100 mm.

Shed

Often on the terrace make a lightweight canopy. It can be made of tarpaulin or other waterproof fabric, polycarbonate, wood, glass. Canopy mount smooth or with rods, semicircular shapes, complex configuration. During the construction of the massive veranda, the support racks 150x150 mm will be needed, the solid system of wood or metal and rolled waterproofing, as well as roofing material.

Soft roof requires a solid drying, it is used for dome roofs and tents

Polycarbonate is suitable as roofing material. It is light, transparent, well tolerate low temperatures, can take a curved shape. The professional flooring is inexpensive and easily mounted.

Partitions

For a semi-open and closed platform, it is necessary to mount partitions and walls that will create privacy and protect against bad weather. Most often they are made of wood, there are solid and carved, in the form of lattices or low. With the help of partitions, zoning the site for several angles with various purposes, for example, the summer kitchen and the dining area are separated from the recreation area.

Closed terraces look great with glass walls for all heights that are equipped with sliding mechanisms for opening a day

How to make a terrace with your own hands

The construction of the terrace does not take much time and quite forces even the novice master.

Drawings and projects

If the main building has already been built and the terrace was not included in the project initially, it is possible to design it later, drawing out a detailed plan with the indication of all sizes and location on the site.

The owners of the ready-made terraces lay out the projects of their creations for public online.

If the terrace is attached to the house, the length of the progression of the house is taken for the length

The area of \u200b\u200bthe flooring is determined by multiplying the length of the width. For example, for a terrace with dimensions of 3x4 m, the area will be 12 m². Marking and construction rules:

1. Decoping consumption for finishing finish should be increased by 15%, making a supply for waste. Rounded 13.8 m² to 14 and get the consumption of a terrace board or other finishing material.
2. Fastening consumption by 1 m² will be 22 clips and 4 start-up fasteners for 1 p. m. In each fastener there is a screw hole. Thus, for 12 m² you need to take 240 clips and 24 starting, 264 screws.
3. On the perimeter of the finished flooring, the ends of the boards are closed with an end ribbon or corner. Perimeter is 14 m.
4. For the base, 3 main beams of 3 m, lags that are stacked with a step of 35 cm, on 1 m² will need to take 3 rogue meters of lag. The standard Lag length from the manufacturer is 4 m. At the area of \u200b\u200b12 m², it will be necessary to buy 9 lags 4 m long. In addition, rubble, sand, concrete supports will be required.
5. Concrete poles are swapped or poured to a depth of 40 to 60 cm every 1.5 m. The size of supports 40x40 cm, you will need 9 supports.
6. The height of the terrace should be slightly less than the height of the first floor of the main building for the possibility of slope under the canopy. With a height of the house 3 m, the height of the terrace will be 2, 5 m.
7. The support racks of the frame are calculated by reference blocks around the perimeter of the site, 8 racks of 2.5 m are obtained. On the breakdown on both sides of each rack will leave the 16 m of 50x100 mm.
8. Single-car roofs are covered up to 4.5 m, with a larger length, it is necessary to strengthen the design by running and ending legs. The step between the rafters from the boards should be 60-120 cm, from a bar 100-175 cm, from a thick bar of 150-200 cm. In case of 80 cm, you will need 5 rafters of 3.5 m long and size 50x200 mm, waterproofing 12m² plus stock For hanging visor, total 14 m².
9. For the root, the boards are 25x100 mm. The roofing material must be taken with a reserve on the visor, which will be 14 m².

Wooden with a canopy

The project is selected, there is a drawing, now you can start construction work. Consider on the example of all stages of mounting a wooden terrace with a canopy, one of the most affordable and popular options.

For construction, the following tools and consumables should be prepared:

• roulette, level, pencil, line;
• shovel, hammer, hacksaw;
• sand, crushed stone, water;
• fasteners, screwdriver, drill with nozzles;
• bar, waterproofing, roofing material, boards;
• decing and components for it;
• antiseptic impregnation, varnish or paint for outdoor work.

Preparation of the base and gender

Stages of preparatory work:

1. The playground is placed according to the circuit, outlines the perimeter, the places of reference blocks are noted. The upper fertile soil layer is removed. Rushed stones and trash. Pubs are digging under support blocks, pouring on the bottom of the sand and crushed stone.

   The layer of rubble and sand in the pit should be 10 cm

2. Finished supports are installed on the pillow, they must perform above the surface at 15 cm for rooting the flooring. For waterproofing, they are deprived of a bitumen solution and turn on the rubberoid. You can make a non-removable formwork from the frontieroid and pour concrete poles. The reference timber is mounted horizontally to a 5 cm house wall below the floor level.

   Bar is attached by anchor bolts every 60 cm

3. The supports are installed and fixed by the reinforcement and fastener of the beams, all the places of the adjoints are waterproof, the lags are put on top, they are attached to the support bruster and beams, a strapping is knocked down.
4. Terraced or ordinary floorboard is laid and fastened with a lag.

   End of a terrace board closed with corners

5. The floorboard is grinning and soaked with a veil and an antiseptic, is covered with a varnish in several layers.

Construction of the carcass

Shed

For a wooden terrace attached to the house, the optimal solution will be a single-sided roof with a slope of 5-10º. Installation includes the following steps:

From polycarbonate

Polycarbonate has flexibility, transparency and ease, produced various shades, durable. Thanks to these qualities, it is often used to build terraces, where it is an excellent alternative to the wood and metal.

Polycarbonate is easy and quickly mounted with their own hands.

Necessary materials and tools

To work the master you will need:

• shovel, roulette, level;
• crushed stone, sand, concrete M-300, water;
• tree or metal for frame: 80x80 profile pipe for basic racks, 40x20 for farm, mortgage parts for the base;
• polycarbonate transparent or matte;
• welding machine;
• fasteners: bolts, nuts, hardware;
• drill, screwdriver, circular saw, construction knife.

Preparation of the base and gender

For light polycarbonate, a metal frame and a columnar base is sufficient. Installation is made as follows:

Construction of the carcass

Stages of work:

Canopy and walls

If the terrace is planned open, it is enough to make a fence on the desired height. For a semi-open and closed recreation zone, walls, partitions and canopy are mounted. Order of work:

Video: Wooden terrace construction

Photo Gallery: Arrangement and Decor

It is advantageous to expand the useful space and to equip the recreation area at the house is easy and inexpensive. The result is a comfortable living room or dining room in the fresh air, in which the whole family will be happy to spend the speakers of summer days.