The theater is connected with the stage like a film with. Theatrical vocabulary
proscenium - open part of the stage, slightly extended into the auditorium (in front of the curtain)
Accessory - in the theater - small things, props or props, which are a side stage detail of this performance
Role - in the old theater - the specialty of an actor who had a certain kind of roles, for example, a hero, a villain, a simpleton, etc.
Amphitheater - in the Ancient Greek theater - places for spectators, located in a semicircle on the slopes of the hills, in modern theaters - part of the auditorium, located by ledges.
Intermission - a break between the actions (acts) of the performance
Full house - an announcement in the theater that all tickets are sold; "The performance was sold out" - a full gathering in the theater
Apache - a fake slap. At the moment of "strike" (the striker stops his hand in the immediate vicinity of the partner's cheek), the striker imperceptibly claps his hands. Theatrical etiquette does not countpermissible to inflict real blows and slaps.
Harlequin - 1) one of the masks of a servant in the Italian comedy dell'arte; 2) fabric framing the portal arch of the stage
Poster - posted announcement about the performance
spruce floor - the first floor above the stalls and the amphitheater in the auditorium
Props - products depicting real objects used during performances in the theater
ertep - in the past - a portable puppet theater, in which performances of a religious nature were played
Vaudeville - a small theatrical play of a light comedic nature with couplets and dances
astrol - a performance by a visiting actor or a theater performance from another city, another country
Makeup - theatrical cosmetics
garden bed - the top, front edge of the screen or the first plan of the screen
Debut - the first performance of the artist - the beginning of artistic activity
reclamation - the art of expressive reading
Decoration - artistic design of scenes on the stage (forest, river, room, etc.)
Drama - a literary work characterized by the seriousness of the conflict, depth of feelings. Often used for theater performance
playwright - dramatist, play writer
Understudy - the second performer of the same role in the play
anr - a certain type of literary works (dramatic genres: tragedy, comedy, drama, etc.)
astol period over play- the process of the actors and the director working on discussing the future performance, determining its theme, idea, super-task, through action, series of events, culmination, etc. Work on reading roles off the stage.
stage mirror - the plane of the playing space visible to the viewer, limited in the puppet theater by a screen, portals and a portal arch
improvisation composing poems, monologues, speeches, sketches at the time of performance, without prior preparation
stage - remake a literary work, give it a dramatic form for staging in the theater
Interpretation - interpretation, revealing the meaning of something
Intonation - tone of speech, its rhythmic-melodic side, alternation of lowering and raising the voice
Intrigue - organization of action in a dramatic work, which is characterized by a particular intricacy of the plot
aragez - (Black eye) - the hero of the Turkish folk shadow puppet theater
Casting - film casting process
Comedy - a dramatic work of a cheerful, cheerful nature, often ridiculing the shortcomings of social life
Coturny- sandals with very thick soles, worn to increase the growth of the performer of the role in the ancient theater
Theatrical doll- all types of theatrical puppets are divided into two large groups: riding (glove, cane, miming, mechanical), grassroots (puppets)
backstage - theater curtain; pieces of dense matter located on the stage parallel to the ramp on several stage plans; cover the side parts of the stage and serve as an addition to the overall scenery
climax - the most intense moment in the development of the performance
keynote - a bright, figurative melodic turn used to characterize a person, phenomenon, idea, experience andrepetitive throughout the course of the story.
marionette - in the puppet theater - a puppet set in motion by laces or threads
Melpomene - in ancient Greek mythology - the patron goddess of tragedy
mise-en-scene - the position of the actors on the stage at certain moments of the performance
facial expressions movement of facial muscles, according to experienced feelings and moods
Miniature - small theatrical play
Musical - a type of musical stage performance that synthetically combines dramatic action, music, choreography, and vocals. Originated in the United States in the late 19th century.
arc - part of the decorative design of the scene, masking its upper mechanisms
Pantomime - theatrical mimic performance accompanied by music
Punch - a popular hero of the English puppet theater (hooligan and fighter)
Papier mache - one of the most common materials for the manufacture of doll heads (paper, clay or plasticine, gypsum)
Delineator - a cardboard tube that is glued or sewn into the neck and hands of a glove puppet
Parterre - seats in the auditorium located in rows between the stage and the opposite wall or amphitheater
Character - a character in a work of art (drama, film, opera, etc.)
Parsley - the hero of the Russian folk puppet theater. The first mention of Petrushka dates back to 1636.
Polichinelle - the hero of the French puppet theater (merry fellow and a little cynic)
Portal - (portal arch) - a plane that limits the stage mirror in the form of a wide frame from the sides and from above
Preamble - preface, introductory part of the play
Premiere - the first performance of a theatrical play
Pulcinella - a popular comic hero of the Neapolitan commedia dell'arte. His most notable feature is his black mask.
Play - dramatic or musical work
ampa - a row of lamps located on the floor near the stage and adapted to illuminate it
Curtsy - respectful bow with a squat
Props - household items used in a theatrical performance
Repertoire -1. selection of plays running in any theater for a certain period of time; 2. set of roles performed by any artist
Rehearsal - preliminary trial performance of a theatrical play, stage, etc.
Replica - the last words of a phrase of one actor, after which another actor pronounces the following words in the course of the play
Rhetoric - the theory of eloquence; the science of oratory
to etch - a short presentation of light humorous content, built mainly on external stage positions
through action– the desire of the participants of the performance to embody the director’s super-task on the stage
buffoons - the first artists in Russia
Stanislavsky K.S..- outstanding Russian director and actor, founder of the theatrical system, a new theatrical method
Scene - the part of the theater hall where the theatrical action is played out; theater stage
Scenario -a sketch of a theatrical play; description of dramatic action
Plot - a set of actions, events that determine the nature and development of the conflict depicted in the play
aliyah - in ancient Greek mythology - the goddess of comedy
Tragedy - a dramatic work depicting extremely acute or irreconcilable life conflicts and most often ending in the death of the hero (the tragedies of W. Shakespeare)
training (acting) - a set of exercises in all sections of stage creativity (speech, plasticity, etc.), the development of attention, imagination.
abula - a summary, a statement of the actions and incidents depicted in the work, the play in their sequential connection
Farce - light comedy, small vaudeville
artistic image in the theater - a product of the joint work of an actor, director in the form of a character in a theatrical performance
Expression - expressiveness
Impromptu - short presentationwithout prior preparation
Stage - a small form of art, in a broad sense - concert and entertainment performances
Etude - translated from French means "teaching", a more common form of work in theater studios. Etude is the link between artistic technique and stage method.
This happens quite often: the main difficulty is not the main role.
There are two ways to arouse the interest of the audience in the theatre: by means of the great or by the truthful. The great captures the masses, the truthful bribes individuals.
I serve the public, but do not worship it.
The whole world is a theater, in it women, men are all actors. They have their own exits, departures, and each plays a role more than one
On stage, a person should be a step higher than in life.
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AVANLOZHA - seats in the auditorium, a room in front of the entrance to the box.
PROSCENE - the front part of the stage (between the curtain and the ramp).
SITE ADMINISTRATOR - ensuring filming on the set. "Silence on the site" and any organizational issues. Supervises the workers (carrying, installing, working action).
ACT - a completed part of a dramatic work or theatrical performance; same as action.
ACTOR, actress - performer (performer) of roles.
ACTOR OF MASS SCENES - an extras actor who performs a role without words. Same as statistic.
ACTOR DATABASE - a special card index used by specialists in the selection of performers - casting directors, casting managers, extras foremen, director's assistants.
ACTOR'S SHOP - subordinate to the director, second director, assistant director.
ACTOR'S AGENCY - the same recruitment agency, only engaged in the selection of creative personnel. Entering the agency, the actors enter into an agreement, according to which a certain share of the fee (usually 10-15%) goes to the company. We are talking, of course, only about those projects where the actor was invited by the agency.
ACTOR'S PORTFOLIO - special working photos of the actor, when meeting with the assistant director and casting directors, the actors must leave pictures from their portfolio. Photos must meet certain standards if you want to be taken seriously when you are considered for a role. In these pictures there is a minimum of make-up, they display a person as he is in life. On the back, printed photos are signed, indicate their data (metric - height and weight, age, the presence of different skills - the ability to drive a car, dance, sing, etc.) and contacts.
ROLE - roles similar in nature, corresponding to the talent and external data of a certain actor.
AMPHITHEATRE - 1) an ancient building for spectacles: an oval arena, around which there were seats for spectators in ledges;
2) seats in the auditorium located behind the stalls.
ENGAGEMENT - an invitation to an actor for a certain period of time to participate in performances or concerts.
ANNOUNCEMENT - an announcement about upcoming tours, performances, concerts.
ANTI-HERO - a deliberately reduced, deheroized character in a play, a movie, occupying one of the main places.
Intermission - a break between the actions (acts) of the performance, between the sections of the concert.
ENTERPRISE - owner, owner, tenant of a private theater.
ENTERPRISE - private theater.
SOLD OUT - an announcement that all tickets (for a performance, performance) have been sold.
APOTHEOIS - the solemn final mass scene of a performance or a festive concert program.
ARRIERSCENE - the part of the stage farthest from the auditorium.
DECORATOR'S ASSISTANT - works under the direction of the scene decorator and is responsible for finding the artifacts needed for decorating.
OPERATOR'S ASSISTANT - performs the functions of a "magician", is responsible for the clarity of the image on the objects required by design. By measuring the focal length in advance and shifting the "focus" in the process of shooting. Eliminates sudden interference in the frame.
ASSISTANT TO THE MAKE-UP ARTIST - deals with the correction of makeup, performs all work related to maintaining the appearance. On it - the whole routine of a make-up artist.
COSTUME ARTIST'S ASSISTANT - performs mainly utilitarian functions, as well as production and other assignments of the costume designer.
BALAGAN - a theatrical performance of a comic nature, shown at fairs and festivities (in Russia since the 18th century).
BALCONY - places in the auditorium, located in an amphitheater in different tiers.
BELETAGE - the first tier of balconies above the stalls and the amphitheater in the auditorium or concert hall.
BENEFIT - 1) theatrical performance in honor of one actor;
2) a performance from which I received the benefit of one or more actors, as well as other theater workers.
BENOIR - theater boxes at the level of the sienna or slightly lower on both sides of the stalls.
REEL - one standard roll of film, one reel holds 300 meters of film or 10 minutes of material.
Extras foreman - assistant in the selection of actors for crowd scenes (extras). Works with crowds.
FOREMAN OF LIGHTING TECHNICIANS WITH A TEAM - a person in charge of lighting (if necessary, a Lichtvagen car with lighting fixtures and generators for shooting is called).
BURLESQUE is an exaggerated comic image on stage.
PROPERTIES - a theater worker in charge of props. It is made by a prop artist.
PROPERTIES - items specially made and used instead of real things in theatrical productions.
PROPERS (removal group) - create items necessary for decoration.
BUFFER (film crew) and his assistants - food service for the film crew. Assistance with preparing food (if necessary) for the filming scene.
BUFFON - the role of an actor who uses buffoonery to play the role.
Buffoonery - 1) performance using clown techniques;
2) outwardly emphasized comic exaggeration, sometimes caricaturing characters.
VIDEO CAMERA - a portable television transmitting camera, structurally integrated with a video cassette recorder: magnetic tape is used to record image and sound signals. The camcorder has an electronic viewfinder.
VIDEO CLIP - television artistic interpretation of a pop, pop or rock song, as a rule, using "fractional" editing and special effects.
VIDEO RECORDING - recording an image on a magnetic tape or optical disc for later playback on a TV screen using a VCR.
VIDEO FILM - a film that can be recorded on a video cassette and played back at a convenient time for the viewer.
DRIVERS (film group) - report to the site administrator and the director of the film. They can also be involved by the director in episodic roles (a taxi driver, for example) or as an understudy for an actor (if he does not have a driver's license and / or driving skills (motorcycle).
DOCTOR (camera group) - if necessary, provides timely provision of timely medical assistance to the participants of the film crew. In scenes where, according to the plot of the film, certain medical manipulations are performed and / or special medical skills and knowledge are needed (bandaging, injections, etc.), he advises the director and actors on the correct implementation of them. Sometimes it can be used by the director in an episodic role in scenes where special medical knowledge and / or skills are needed (for example, an ambulance doctor who came to a call).
SECOND CAMERA (or Camera B) is another cameraman on set that is sometimes needed to capture complex staged action scenes or stunts from multiple angles, or to shoot a scene with different coverage using a second camera.
SECOND OPERATOR - sits directly behind the camera, controls its movement within the framework of the composition set by the director and director of photography, monitors the quality parameters.
SECOND DIRECTOR - handles the script after the director. He is engaged in correcting (checking) the correctness (lack of errors in the script).
GALLERKA - the upper tier of the auditorium.
TOURS - performance of actors on the road in other theaters.
GENERAL REHEARSAL - the last before the performance, concert.
The HERO is the main character in the play.
CHIEF LIGHTING (lighting foreman, Gaffer, Gaffer) - leads the team responsible during filming for lighting and other issues related to electrical appliances. Gaffer reports directly to the director of photography and monitors the exact execution of his instructions regarding the lighting of the stage.
GRANDAM - the role of an actress playing the role of noble ladies.
GRANDCOCKET - the role of an adult noble lady.
MAKE-UP - 1) the art of changing the appearance of an actor (mainly the face) with the help of special paints, stickers, wigs, hairstyles, etc.;
2) paints and other make-up accessories.
MAKE-UP ROOM - a room for make-up and dressing of actors.
MAKE-UP MAN - A specialist in the make-up of actors.
GROUPOVKA - typical faces, bright and non-standard. Such are selected for episodic roles and filmed in close-up.
ACTION - the finished part of the performance. Same as act.
DECLARATION - clear expressive reading aloud.
DECORATOR - Responsible for the artistic solution of the film, for costumes, make-up and so on.
STAGE DECORATOR - a specialist with experience in interior design; knows how to find the appropriate items and place them inside the scenery in such a way that the scene looks natural, whether it is a businessman's office or an anchorite's hideout.
DECORATION - artistic design of the scene on the stage, creating a visual image of the production.
DIAFILM - positive photographic images arranged in a certain sequence on a film, usually united by a common theme.
Divertissement - a musical or dramatic performance from a series of separate numbers, usually given in addition to the performance.
SOUND DESIGNER - deals with the creation of sound special effects (English), as well as sounds that do not have a corresponding analogue in nature or which cannot be recorded, for example, the sound made by dinosaurs.
COSTUME DESIGNER - designs and designs costumes for movie actors while the sets are being built. Before these finished sketches go to the tailor who will make the costumes, they are approved by the production designer, director and producer.
FILM DIRECTOR - solves organizational issues during the filming period: location management (preparation of locations for filming), contracts with owners of public and private institutions, etc.
SHAREHOLDER - a person who is responsible for the cart. Puts the rails, carries the cart with the operator.
DRAMATURG - author of dramatic works.
DRAMATURGY - 1) dramatic art, the theory of the construction of dramatic works;
2) the totality of such works;
3) the plot-compositional basis of a separate theatrical work.
Understudy - 1) an actor replacing the performer of the main role in some episodes; 2) an actor who reproduces the text when dubbing a movie.
DUBBING OF A FILM - production of a soundtrack of a film in another language, the semantic content of which corresponds to the translation of the original. The duplication technique involves equalizing the duration of individual phrases and the rate of speech in both languages.
DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF THE FILM - carries out the orders of the director, replaces him when necessary.
SOUND ENGINEER - a specialist servicing a complex of sound equipment.
SOUND OPERATOR - works with sound, with recordings, monitors the quality parameters of the phonogram, such as, for example, the levels of sound components, their frequency response and signal-to-noise ratio.
SOUND PROCESSOR - a specialist in recording synchronous noise. Simulates and reproduces the necessary noises in sync with the image. For example: human steps, horse run, kisses and other noises reproduced by humans and living beings.
SOUND PRODUCER - oversees all stages of sound production. Forms the concept of sound. Creates artistic sound images. Leads the entire department.
DUB-SOUND PRODUCER is an important specialist at the final stage of the picture formation. Do not confuse dubbing with re-voicing. Re-recording is the last stage of film production, during which all the numerous sound components are processed, localized, mixed and mastered.
VILLAIN - the role of an actor playing negative characters.
ENGINEER FOR GENERATORS (generator) - installs, connects and ensures the operability of the generator, - devices for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy.
RECORDING ENGINEER - manages the sound recording equipment on the set. Until recently, the standard sound recording device was the Nagra tape recorder with ¼ - inch magnetic tape; nowadays digital audio recording tapes (DAT) are used. DAT audio recording is more convenient for timing and editing because it does not need noise reduction in “Dolby” audio format or other formats.
INGENUE - the role of an actress playing the role of a naive girl.
INTERMEDIA - a short play performed between acts of a dramatic or opera performance; insert scene.
INTERMEDIATE - scanning the film and converting it into digital format for subsequent editing. Also transferring the finished film back to film for showing in cinemas.
EXECUTIVE PRODUCER - Provides funding for the film. He is usually in charge of the business aspects of the film production - his actual involvement in the day-to-day operations of the film crew tends to be negligible.
CABLE MAN (recording assistant) - controls the second microphone if it is needed in a scene where the actors are at a distance from each other. The Cable Guy also maintains all the cables used with recording equipment - pulls them, provides switching and pulls after the camera when it is moved. Localizing extraneous noises such as the operation of a refrigeration unit, creaking floorboards or rustling
clothes, he eliminates or minimizes them as much as possible.
FRAME - 1) the spatial boundary of a photo, television or film image; 2) a photograph on film, fixing one of the phases of movement or the static position of the objects being photographed.
MONTAGE SHOT - an integral part of the film, containing any moment of the action.
TV FRAME - an image obtained on the screen of a kinescope as a result of one complete cycle of a television scan.
CAMEO - episodic appearance in a staged role (on a movie screen, in a theater production, etc.) of a famous person (director, actor, politician, etc.). Sometimes in such a situation, a famous person is invited to play “herself”. Often the director of the film himself plays a cameo role in it.
A PICTURE is part of an act in a drama.
CASCADE - imitation of a fall (from a horse, etc.), a complex spectacular trick.
A stuntman is a specialized actor who actually performs stunts, sometimes associated with the risk of injury. Stunts are different - from battle scenes to falling off a cliff or head-on collision with an oncoming truck. Many stunts actually turn out to be less dangerous than they look in the movies, thanks to the skillful choice of camera angles, lenses, and editing.
CASTING - selection of applicants for the project in accordance with the creative idea of its creators. Often this is only a preliminary selection - according to external data, after which the candidates will be tested for their abilities. The candidate who best fits the role will sign the contract.
CASTING DIRECTOR - a person who organizes casting, tests, selecting actors for the project. He works with an assistant director for actors, whose task is to prepare the actors for filming: from meeting and transporting them to the set, to providing the script on time, scheduling them, and so on. However, in practice, the casting director and assistant director often replace each other and perform all of the above functions alone.
CINEMATOGRAPH - 1) originally the name of the apparatus for shooting moving objects on film and for subsequent reproduction of the resulting images by projecting them onto a screen; 2) a spectacle based on the use of cinematographic equipment; 3) the outdated name of the cinema.
CINEMATOGRAPHY - a branch of culture and industry that produces films and shows them to the audience; one of the most popular art forms.
CINEMA DRAMATURGY - a literary and cinematic type of creativity; The work of screenwriting is the script - the literary and artistic basis of the film.
CINEMA ART is a kind of art, the works of which are created with the help of filming of real events, specially staged or recreated by means of animation.
MOVIE MUSIC - instrumental and vocal music performed in a movie by characters in the course of action (intraframe) or accompanying it (offscreen); one of the most important elements of the film and cinematography.
FILM - light-sensitive materials on a transparent elastic basis, covered with a layer of photographic emulsion.
FILM PRODUCTION - the creative process of creating a film, carried out by the director-producer together with the cameraman.
FILM PROJECTOR - an optical-mechanical apparatus for projecting films on a screen.
FILM RENTAL - a planned screening in a cinema for a certain period of time of a film
FILM SERIES - a work consisting of separate series.
CINEMA NETWORK - a set of enterprises that show films to the public - cinemas, clubs, etc.
FILM STUDIO - a film production enterprise that combines artistic and creative and production and technical processes.
FILM ACTOR - movie actor.
KINOMOVE - a portable mobile film projection unit for the demonstration of mainly narrow-film films.
FILM INDUSTRY - includes the film copying and film industry. The film copying industry makes film copies for display. The film industry develops and manufactures film equipment and technological equipment.
FILM AMATEUR - a person engaged in filming as an amateur, non-professional.
KINOMEKHANIK - a specialist in the demonstration of films.
FILM MARKET - purchase and sale of films by different countries, film distribution organizations.
SCENARIO - a literary work intended to be implemented using the means of cinema and television.
FILM SHOOTING - obtaining on film a series of consecutive frames with images of the object being filmed in various phases of its movement; one of the stages of filmmaking.
FILM CAMERA (CAMERA) - an optical-mechanical device for filming.
CINEMA - 1) a building equipped for showing films; 2) a spectacular enterprise.
CINEMA TECHNOLOGY - 1) a branch of technology that develops means and methods for the production, reproduction and demonstration of films; 2) a set of technical means used in cinema.
FILM INSTALLATION - a set of equipment designed to demonstrate films. Distinguish between stationary and mobile film installations.
FILM FESTIVAL - review, creative competition of works of cinema art - feature films, newsreels, popular science, educational, sports, animated, television films.
KLAKA - a special group of people hired to create an artificial success or failure of a performance, an actor.
COQUET - the role of an actress acting as a beautiful girl.
GRATES - the upper (invisible to the viewer) part of the stage for installing blocks, stage mechanisms and hanging decoration elements.
Comedian - the role of an actor performing comedic roles.
COMPOSER - writes musical themes and musical accompaniment for the film.
COMPOSING - creating special effects and using combined shots.
CONSULTANT - a specialist in a particular scientific discipline who advises the director and actors on the subject of the film's plot, historical events, military tactics, etc.
CONFIDANT - an actor who plays the role of an approximate protagonist.
DESIGN COORDINATOR - reports to the artistic director and ensures that the construction of the scenery takes place in accordance with the instructions of the set designer. In practice, the construction of sets can take many weeks or even months, depending on the size and complexity of the design. Therefore, an important decision is first made about the location of the shooting - on a full-scale (natural) site or in the scenery. This decision is made by the producer or jointly by the producer and director for each episode individually.
SPECIAL EFFECTS COORDINATOR (or special effects director) - oversees that the special effects team executes the special effects production in accordance with the instructions of the production director.
SHORT FILM - a film not exceeding 4-5 parts (40-50 minutes of screen time).
COSTUMER - keeps track of everything, down to the position of dirt spots on clothes. Has a double costume.
KRANMEISTER - the person responsible for the operation of the operator's crane. He mounts it, helps set up the camera and pans from the crane.
SCENES - flat parts of the scenery (soft, stretched over frames) located on the sides of the stage.
LYRIC - the role of an actor playing lyrical characters.
PERSONAL ACTING AGENT - essentially the same as an agency, but this person works with one or more artists. The scheme of work is the same: percentage of fees.
LODGE - a group of seats in the auditorium (around the stalls and on the tiers), separated by partitions or barriers.
PUPPET - a theatrical puppet that the puppeteer sets in motion with the help of threads.
SECTION MANAGER - inspects and selects locations for filming and issues official permits for filming in those places where they are needed.
CAMERA MECHANIC or video engineer (if video or television) - Provides camera maintenance and installation. Reloads film, cassettes, changes lenses, etc.
MIS-EN-SCENE - the location of the actors on the stage at one time or another of the performance, shooting. The art of mise-en-scène is one of the most important elements of directing.
MICROPHONE MANAGER - in charge of the microphone park. Points (directs) microphones to plot-important objects. Manages their movement in accordance with the task.
MIM is a pantomime actor.
MIMIC - one of the important elements of the art of the actor, the expressive movement of the muscles of the face.
A monologue is an actor's speech addressed to the audience or to himself.
MONTAGE - creative and technical process following filming; sequential assembly of a film from various components (frames) with the selection, enlargement or removal of individual details, with the alternation of individual frames, an expressive change of rhythms in order to maximize the disclosure of the author's intention.
EDITOR - prepares the source material for editing, synchronizes sound and picture, cuts duplicates, etc.
SOUND INSTALLER - assembles audio components. Arranges the recorded replicas synchronously with the image.
MUSIC EDITOR - knows how to create a certain atmosphere and mood of the film plot with the help of music, musical sound effects, creates a unity of music and image.
MUSIC HALL - a type of variety theater that combines variety, circus, dance and musical genres. The first music halls appeared in Great Britain in the middle of the 19th century.
PEOPLE'S THEATER - 1) a theater that exists among the people, organically connected with oral folk art; 2) professional theater of the second half of the 19th century, whose activities were addressed to a wide audience; 3) unprofessional amateur theater (appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century).
OPERATOR - a specialist who shoots a film.
MICROPHONE OPERATOR - controls the "crane", a long extendable pole for positioning and controlling the microphone during shooting. Thanks to the “crane”, you can record dialogue by placing the microphone directly above the actor’s head, despite the fact that the microphone itself will not fall into the camera’s field of view. The operator of the “crane” must turn the microphone in time in turn towards each speaking actor, which in fact means a thorough knowledge of the sequence of remarks.
Director of photography, he is also the main (or leading) cameraman - is responsible for the visual solution of the film (both artistic and qualitative, and technically qualitative). Submits to the director. Leads the operating group. Develops an artistic, as well as color, lighting solution for the film. Together with the second director and photographer, he looks for a suitable film set (apartment, office, bar, etc.) and / or a suitable landscape for filming in an open area. Makes a list of equipment that he will need together with 2nd operator. Subsequently, the operator's will is conveyed to the operator group by the second operator.
LIGHTER (also “illuminators” or “electricians”) - installs, maintains and maintains lighting equipment. At Gaffer's direction, they select specific equipment, mount it, raise it, lower it, and wait for Gaffer's instructions to turn it on or off. If necessary, they put a diffuser in front of the light source or adjust the width of the light beam by opening or closing shutters - black metal plates on the lighting fixture.
PAVILION - a building in which filming is carried out using scenery and artificial lighting.
PADUGA - a curtain strip along the top of the stage.
Pantomime is a type of stage art in which an artistic image is created without the help of words, by means of expressive movement, gesture, facial expressions.
PARTER - the floor plane of the auditorium with seats for spectators, usually below stage level.
PELZHENT - a mobile stage in the form of a large wagon in a medieval theater. It was used when staging mysteries, miracles, processions.
FIRST ASSISTANT OF THE OPERATOR (assistant to the operator) - assists the operator when shooting. He maintains and maintains the movie camera, and also fills out a shooting sheet, in which he records in detail all the details regarding the filmed scenes. In many camera crews, the first assistant operator also performs the duties of a “magician” and / or “cracker”.
PETIMETER - the image of a dandy in a satirical comedy.
A PYROTECHNICIAN and / or a gunsmith is the one who is needed when it is necessary to create an imitation of an explosion, a shot (or not an imitation) in the frame. It calculates the required amount of charge, the direction of the blast wave; monitors the safety and technique of handling weapons; instructs about the features of the weapon. The creation of artificial fog is also the work of a pyrotechnician. Member of the operating group.
PLAN - the scale of the image on the screen; six plans are distinguished (distant, general, medium, first, large, detail).
STAGE - a synonym for the word "scene".
POLYSCREEN CINEMA - several screens located close to each other are used to demonstrate the film; a program is projected onto them, which consists of a number of films connected by a single composition and a common sound accompaniment (sometimes accompanied by actors playing near the screens).
FEATURE-LENGTH FILM - a film work of five or more parts.
GAFFER'S ASSISTANT ("best-boy", Best Boy) - is a gaffer's assistant. He orders the necessary lighting equipment and gives instructions to groups of lighting workers.
ASSISTANT FOCUSING OPERATOR ("magician") - changes the focus of the lens when an actor or plot important object approaches or moves away from the camera or when the camera moves relative to it, for example, when shooting Dolly's cart. The main task of the “magician” is to ensure that the desired object or action in the image is always sharp.
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR - a person who personally conveys the instructions of the director to a particular group of people. Keeps records of selected duplicates. Writes a working version of what the camera writes.
ASSISTANT DIRECTOR SCRIPT (Script Supervisor, Script) - keeps a special record (notes) for each scene during filming, so that when shooting the next scene, you can go back and make sure that the sequence of following the script is correct in all details. It is his responsibility to ensure that no deviations from these details have occurred. The script also tracks the number of scripted pages and scenes shot per day, the number of shots, estimates the estimated screen time, and flags instances of deviations from the script, for example, if the recorded dialogue of the actors differs from the dialogue recorded in the script.
STATEMENT - the creative process of creating a play, film, TV show.
POST-PRODUCTION - the period of processing video material after filming episodes of the film, preparation and production of computer objects, editing, editing, dubbing and processing of the film material.
PREMIER, premier - an actor, actress, occupying a leading position in the troupe, playing the main roles.
PREMIERE - the first (or one of the first) public showing.
PRE-PRODUCTION - preparation for filming, castings of actors, writing the director's script and storyboards, recording the expected costs and estimates, etc.
PRIMADONNA - an actress who plays the main roles.
PRODUCTION - the filming period of the film.
PRODUCER - a trustee of the film company, exercising ideological, artistic, organizational and financial control over the production of the film. Producers can also be directors, actors, screenwriters. Various subtypes of producers - "line producer", "executive producer", "creative producer", etc. - as a rule, are not producers in the conventional sense of the word, but are administrative workers to which the producer delegates any of his powers. A creative producer is often understood as an editor, while line and executive producers in Russia occupy an intermediate position between the actual producer (general producer) and the film director. The term "executive producer" appeared in Russia as an incorrect translation of the term "executive producer", which in the US, in fact, means "general producer".
SIMPLE - the role of an actor who plays an ingenuous person.
WORKERS (removal group) - carry out various assignments.
RAMP - lighting equipment on the floor of the stage along its front edge, hidden from the public by the side.
REVIEW - a variety or theatrical performance, consisting of several numbers, united by one theme.
EDITOR - check grammar, spelling, punctuation, and in addition, at the level of literature, at the level of the text does not miss typos and errors. Limits the scope of the screenwriter.
Extras director - directs large-scale scenes, usually associated with complex special effects and participation in
filming a large number of additional persons, stuntmen and animals.
INSTALLATION DIRECTOR - the person responsible for the main editing decisions. Performs a fine assembly of the picture. It is not uncommon for the production director himself to perform the functions of the editing director.
DIRECTOR FOR WORK WITH ACTORS (assistant for actors) - participates in the selection of actors for casting. Knows everything about actors, has knowledge about who, with whom, how and when can work (at the level of casting). He also suggests actors for roles. Solves the issues of interaction between the director and the actors.
PRODUCER - the key creative director, the author of the project, the main person on the set. Supervises the work of the actors and all other members of the film crew (cameraman, sound engineer, production designer, etc.).
STUNT DIRECTOR - Responsible for staging stunts, their plausibility and safety. Sometimes animals are used in filming movies. As a rule, they are delivered to the set accompanied by a trainer or groom (if we are talking about horses), who either train this animal or know how to make it perform the necessary commands, for example, by feeding. Often the same role is played by several animals similar to each other. Thanks to skillful editing, their arbitrary movements look meaningful in the frame.
RESONER - the role of an actor expressing moralizing judgments.
PROPERS - items used in theatrical productions, on the set.
PROPERTIES - gives out entourage items and other props.
PROPERTIES GROUP - works under the supervision of an assistant decorator and collects and delivers all the items necessary for shooting to the set.
REPERTOIRE - a set of works performed in the theater.
REHEARSAL - the main form of preparation.
REPLICA - a short statement uttered by one actor in response to the words of another.
LIGHT DOUBLE - replaces the actor during the long procedure of preparing for shooting - installing cameras, mounting lighting fixtures and microphones - while the main actor is preparing for shooting.
A SERIES is a part of a film shown independently.
SEQUEL - a book, film or any other work of art that is a continuation of another work, based on characters from it, etc.
SYNOPSIS - a summary of the film's script (usually 1-2 pages).
SOLOIST - the leading actor in the play.
SOFIT - part of lighting equipment, diffused light fixtures that illuminate the stage or area from the front and from above.
EFFECTS SPECIALIST - deals with the development of special effects (from artificial fog to computer graphics), consults and thinks through the implementation. Member of the operating group.
PERFORMANCE - a theatrical performance. It is created on the basis of a dramatic or musical stage work in accordance with the director's intention by the joint efforts of actors, an artist, etc.
SENIOR WORKER-MECHANIC - reports to the director of photography and manages the work with all accessories associated with the movie camera on the set. He supervises the workers of the production shop (Grip, Grips), which can be from five to fifteen people. On the set, the flu prepares for shooting all kinds of accessories related to the use of cameras and shooting conditions in general. These accessories include various types of camera attachments (tripods, cranes, carts, rails, etc.) that allow shooting from different viewpoints or in motion at the request of the director of photography. For example, you may need to safely and conveniently mount a movie camera on a moving car, helicopter, etc. In some cases, it is also necessary to erect scaffolding to mount the camera on a high vantage point.
regarding the scene. Grip works closely with the Electricians and Lighting Group involved in the installation of lighting equipment.
STATIST - an extras actor who plays a role without words.
STEDICAM - a camera stabilization system that is attached to the operator.
STEREOSCOPIC SHOOTING - provides receiving on a film of the image in the form of stereopairs (the object is removed at the same time from two or several points of view). Projecting it onto a screen (using special equipment) allows the viewer to see the image as three-dimensional.
SCREENWRITER - creates a screenplay (a written version of a movie that has not yet been made) based either on previously written material (a novel, short story or play) or on some original idea. The screenwriter may write a screenplay on his own initiative and intent, then try to sell it to a producer, or may be invited by a producer or studio to write a screenplay on special order.
SUBRETA - the role of a resourceful maid.
PROMPTER - a theater worker who monitors the progress of rehearsals and performances according to the text of the play and, if necessary, prompts the actors for the words of the role.
SHOOTING GROUP - a production and creative team directly working on the creation of a film, television show, series. In a narrower sense, part of a
GLOSSARY OF THEATER TERMS
1. Act - one part of the action;
2. Role - specialization of the actor in roles corresponding to his data;
3. Amphitheater - seats in the auditorium behind the stalls;
4. Intermission - a break between actions, branches;
5. Full house - an announcement that all tickets are sold;
6. Applause - applause in approval;
7. Poster - an announcement about the performance;
8. Ballet - a dance performance accompanied by music;
9. Balcony - places above the stalls;
10. Mezzanine - places above the stalls and the amphitheater;
11. Benoir - a box at the stalls level;
12. Buffoonery - buffoonery;
13. Vaudeville - a kind of comedy with couplet songs, romances and dances;
14. Vocal - the art of singing;
15. Make-up - the art of changing the appearance of an actor with the help of special paints, hairstyles, wigs, etc.;
17. Dithyrambs - in ancient Greece - chants dedicated to Dionysius;
18. Drama - a dramatic work depicting a serious conflict;
19. Playwright - a writer who writes for the theater;
20. Backdrop - fabric in the back of the stage;
21. Curtain - fabric covering the stage from the audience;
22. Ingenue - an actress who plays the role of girls;
23. Chapel - usher;
24. Carnival - festivities with a masquerade;
25. Grid - working transition above the stage;
26. Comedy - a type of dramatic work depicting funny phenomena; "songs of cheerful villagers";
27. Countermark - free admission to the theater;
28. Koturny - thick-soled shoes worn by tragic actors in Ancient Greece;
29. Backstage - a narrow fabric hanging on the side of the stage;
30. Lodge - a small internal balcony;
31. Melpomene - muse (patron of tragedy);
32. Mise-en-scene - placement of actors on the stage;
33. Miniature - a small theatrical work;
34. Monologue - the speech of one person, addressed to the audience or to himself;
35. Opera - a musical and dramatic work, consisting of arias, recitatives, choirs;
36. Operetta - a musical and dramatic work of a comedic nature;
37. Orchestra - a team of musicians who jointly perform a work on various instruments;
38. Paduga - fabric over the stage;
39. Parterre - part of the auditorium, usually located below the level of the stage;
40. Program - a leaflet with brief information about the performance;
41. Pointe shoes - (fr.) tip, point;
42. The play is the literary basis of the performance;
43. Rayek - gallery (gallery), paradise;
44. Ramp - lighting equipment located on the floor of the stage along its front edge, hidden from the public by the side;
45. Props - things for the performance;
46. Repertoire - a list of plays included in the seasonal playbill of the theatre;
47. Rehearsal - the process of preparing a performance;
48. Replica - answer;
49. Role - role; the image embodied by the actor;
50. Skomorokh - a wandering actor in Russia;
51. Prompter - a theater worker, prompting, if necessary, the words of the role to the artists;
52. Stage - a platform on which a theatrical performance takes place;
53. Scenario - a scheme for the development of action in a performance;
54. Thalia - muse (patron) of comedy;
55. Dancer - ballet soloist;
56. Theater - "spectacle" (Greek);
58. Travesti - the role of an actress playing teenagers on stage;
59. Tragedy - (ancient Greek) "song of the goats", a type of dramatic work depicting the sharp struggle of heroes with death;
60. Troupe - a team of actors;
61. Figurant - in the 19th century, an artist dancing in the corps de ballet;
62. Foyer - a room in the theater for the stay of spectators during the intermission (a place for spectators to rest);
63. Tier (floor) - part of the auditorium located above the level of the stage;
GLOSSARY OF THEATER TERMS
Proscenium (fr. avant-scene) - part of the stage, somewhat advanced into the auditorium (in front of the curtain).
Act (lat. actus) - a completed part of a dramatic work or theatrical performance; action.
Actor (fr. acteur) - a performer of roles in dramatic performances, films.
Role (fr. emploi) - a kind of specialization of an actor to play roles that are most consistent with his external stage data, the nature of the talent (lover, villain, simpleton, reasoner); in the modern theater there is no distribution of actors by role.
Amphitheater (gr. amphitheatron) - 1) in the ancient Greek theater - places for spectators located in a semicircle on the slopes of hills; 2) in ancient Roman architecture - an open round or elliptical structure for spectacles, in which seats for spectators were located in ledges around the arena; 3) in modern theatrical, concert halls, circuses, etc. - seats in the auditorium located behind the stalls.
Announcement (fr. annonce) - a preliminary brief announcement about upcoming tours, performances, concerts, etc.
Announce (fr. annonce) - give an announcement, announce.
Ensemble (fr. ensemble - letters, together) - 1) mutual consistency, organic interconnection, harmonious unity of parts that form a whole, for example, an architectural ensemble; 2) artistic consistency in the performance of any dramatic, musical and other work; 3) joint performance of a musical work by several artists (musicians, singers); 4) a group of performers acting as a single artistic group (orchestral, choral, etc.); 5) a piece of music for an ensemble of performers.
Intermission (fr. entracte, entre - between + acre - action) - 1) a break between the acts (actions) of the performance, sections of the concert, circus performance, etc .; 2) a piece of music that is an introduction to one of the acts of an opera, ballet or drama performance (a musical introduction to the first act is an overture).
Entrepreneur (from French entrepreneur - entrepreneur) - the owner, tenant, owner of a private entertainment enterprise (theater, circus, etc.) in pre-revolutionary Russia and in capitalist countries.
Entreprise (fr. entreprise) is a private entertainment enterprise (theater, circus, etc.) in pre-revolutionary Russia and in capitalist countries.
Full house (German Anschlag) - 1) an announcement at the box office of a theater, circus, cinema, etc. that all tickets have been sold; 2) a large headline in a newspaper, a hat.
Arena (lat. arena) - 1) in ancient Rome - a round or oval, sandy platform in the center of the amphitheater of a spectacular building, where gladiator fights, equestrian competitions, etc. took place; 2) in the circus - a platform where performances are given; arena.
Balagan (from Persian, balakhane - upper room, balcony) - 1) (obsolete) temporary light building; 2) a theatrical spectacle, mostly of a comic nature at fairs and festivities (in Russia since the middle of the 18th century); 3) (transl.) something frivolous, clownish, rude and vulgar.
Ballet (fr. ballet, it. balletto - from cf. lat. ballare - to dance) - a type of theatrical art that combines choreography, music and dramatic design; a musical and dramatic work performed by means of dance and pantomime.
A ballet dancer is a passionate ballet lover.
Mezzanine (from French bel - beautiful) - the first tier of balconies in the auditorium above the stalls and the amphitheater.
Benefit (fr. benefice - profit, benefit) -1) (obsolete) performance or concert, the collection from which was fully or partially received in favor of one or more artists, theater workers; 2) a performance in honor of one of its participants as an expression of recognition of merit, skill of the artist.
Beneficiary - an artist (or a theater worker) in whose favor or honor a benefit performance was arranged.
Benoir (fr. baignoire) - the lower tier of boxes in the theater at the level of the stalls (benoir box) or slightly above it.
Burlesque, burlesque (fr. burlesque from it. burla - a joke) - 1) burlesque - parodic-sublime, heroic style; 2) an instrumental musical piece of a bizarre, playful, rudely comic nature; 3) a small comic, parody opera, close to vaudeville.
Props (it. buttafuori) - a theater worker involved in the manufacture of props.
Props (from It.) - items that imitate genuine ones (on the stage of the theater, in shop windows, etc.).
Buff (fr. bouffe, from it. buffa) - clownish, comic, for example opera buff.
Buffoonery (it. buffonata) - 1) acting, built on the use of emphatically comic, buffoonish techniques; 2) buffoonery, clowning.
Variety show (French variete - letters, variety) - a type of theater, the performances of which combine various genres of theatrical, musical, variety and circus art with a predominance of elements of comedy, parody, etc.
Vaudeville (fr. vaudeville) - 1) street city song in France of the 16th century; 2) a play of a light, comedic nature with couplets and dances; 3) the final song in vaudeville, comic opera or comedy, usually expressing the moral of the play.
Grotesque (from French grotesque - bizarre, intricate; funny, comic; from Italian grotta - grotto) - the image of people or objects in a fantastically exaggerated, ugly comic form in the visual arts, theater, literature.
Debut (fr. debut) - the first public performance in any field.
Action - 1) the finished part of the performance, play; 2) in drama and epic - the development of events that forms the basis, the "flesh" of the plot (plot); 3) in the theater the main means of embodying the stage image.
Declamation (lat. Declomatio - an exercise in eloquence) is the art of expressive reading.
Drama (gr. drama - letters, action) - 1) a literary genus, belonging simultaneously to two arts: theater and literature; its specificity is the plot, the conflict of action and its division into stage episodes, a continuous chain of characters' statements, and the absence of a narrative beginning. Dramatic conflicts reflecting social (concrete historical and universal) contradictions are embodied in the behavior and actions of the characters, and above all in dialogues and monologues. The text of the drama is focused on spectacular expressiveness (facial expression, gesture, movement) and sound; it is also consistent with the possibilities of stage time, space and theatrical technique (with the construction of mise-en-scenes). A literary drama, realized by an actor and director, must have a stage presence. Leading genres of drama: tragedy, comedy, drama (as a genre), tragicomedy. The main representatives: Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, Kalidas, Shakespeare, Calderon, Corneille, Racine, Moliere, Schiller, Ibsen, Shaw, O. Neil, Brecht; in Russia - Griboedov, Pushkin, Lermontov, Gogol, A. Ostrovsky, Chekhov, M. Gorky and others; 2) one of the leading genres of drama since the Enlightenment (Didero, Lessing). Depicts mainly the private life of a person in his acutely conflicted, but, unlike tragedy, not hopeless relations with society or with himself ("Dowry" by A. Ostrovsky, "At the Bottom" by M. Gorky). The tragic beginning is inherent in the historical drama.
Dramaturgy - 1) the totality of the dramatic works of any writer, people, era; 2) drama theory; 3) the principle of the stage embodiment of an individual work: "Dramaturgy of a performance", "Dramaturgy of a film".
Genre (from French genue - genus, species) - a historically established, stable variety of a work of art, for example, in painting - a portrait, landscape, etc .; in music - symphony, cantata, song, etc.; in literature - a novel, a poem, etc.
Prime Minister (fr. jeune premier) - (obsolete) the role of an actor who played the role of "first" lovers.
A game is a type of unproductive activity, the motive of which lies not in its results, but in the process itself. In the history of human society, it was intertwined with magic, cult behavior, etc.; is closely related to sports, military and other training, art (especially its performing forms).
To stage (lat. in na + seena - scene) - to give a literary work a stage form.
Dramatization (see staging) is the reworking of a literary work for theater or cinema, as well as the dramatic work resulting from this.
Intermedia (lat. intermedius - located in the middle) - 1) a performance, usually of a comedic nature, played out between the actions of the performance; 2) a small interstitial piece of music performed between acts in an opera.
Intrigue (from French intrigue, from Latin intricare - to confuse) is the ratio of characters and circumstances that ensures the development of action in a work of art.
Comedian (it. commediante) - in Russia in the XVI-XVII centuries. - actor; later - a performer of roles in farcical performances.
Comedy (from Gr. komodia) - a type of drama in which the action and characters are interpreted in the forms of the comic; the opposite of tragedy. According to the principle of organization of comic action, comedies are distinguished: provisions based on a cunning, intricate intrigue ("Comedy of Errors" by W. Shakespeare); characters or mores - on the ridicule of certain hypertrophied human qualities ("Tartuffe" by Moliere); ideas where obsolete or banal ideas are ridiculed (plays by B. Shaw). By the nature of the comic, comedies are distinguished: satirical ("The Government Inspector" by N.V. Gogol), humorous ("Turandot" by K. Gozzi), tragicomedies. Ch. representatives: Aristophanes, W. Shakespeare, Lope de Vega, Molière, P. Beaumarchais, Goldoni, B. Shaw, B. Brecht; in Russia - A. S. Griboyedov, N. V. Gogol, A. V. Sukhovo-Kobylin, A. N. Ostrovsky, A. P. Chekhov, V. V. Mayakovsky.
Comedy dell'arte (It. commedia dell "arte) - a comedy of masks - a type of theater that developed in Italy in the middle of the 16th - 17th centuries; performances were based on improvisation, buffoonery; folk dialects were widely used; permanent characters - masks - Pantalone, Doctor and two servants (Zanni) Brighella and Harlequin - moved from one performance to another.
Comedian (gr. komikos) - an actor who performs comedic roles.
Contramarka (fr. contremarque) - 1) a pass that gives the right to a free visit to a performance in a theater, circus, etc .; 2) a ticket issued to a spectator who temporarily leaves the hall for the right to return to it without re-presenting the ticket.
Costume designer (from French costume - costume) - a theater worker who prepares costumes for the performance and helps the actor get dressed before going on stage.
Lodge (fr. loge) - in the auditorium - a separate room in the form of a small internal balcony, intended for several spectators.
Mask (fr. masque) - an overlay with cutouts for the eyes, hiding the face, sometimes with the image of a human face, the head of an animal or a mythical creature. Ritual masks were worn by performers of religious rites in primitive cults. Theatrical masks were used in the ancient theater, by buffoons, in the Italian comedy dell'arte, in the traditional theater of Japan, South and Southeast Asia, etc.
Melodrama (see melo + drama) - originally - a musical and dramatic work in which the monologues and dialogues of the characters are accompanied by music; from the end of the 18th century - a dramatic work, characterized by sharp intrigue, exaggerated emotionality, a sharp opposition of good and evil, moral and instructive orientation; melodrama is successively connected with the horror novel and family drama.
Melpomene (gr. melpomene) - in ancient Greek mythology - one of the nine muses, the patroness of tragedy; performing arts symbol.
Mystery (from Gr. mysterion - secret, sacrament) - 1) mysteries - among the ancient Greeks and Romans, among the peoples of the ancient East - secret religious rites, in which only initiates were allowed to participate (the most famous are the Eleusinian sacraments in Greece); 2) a type of medieval Western European religious performance: free, usually poetic dramatizations of biblical episodes played out in the squares during religious festivities.
Opera (Italian opera, from Latin opera - work, composition) is a musical and dramatic work, the content of which is embodied in stage musical and poetic images and expressed using instrumental (orchestral) and vocal (solo, choral) music.
Opera buff(a) (it. opera buffa) is a genre of Italian opera; musical comedy based on household plot.
Pantomime (from Gr. pantomimos - reproducing everything by imitation) - 1) in Ancient Rome - a dance scene that conveys the content of the action and emotions of the characters with the help of facial expressions, gestures, plasticity, without words; 2) an actor performing such a scene.
Pantomime (see pantomime) is a type of stage art in which plastic expressive body movements, gesture, facial expressions are used to convey content, create an artistic image; sometimes accompanied by music, rhythmic accompaniment, etc.
Parterre (fr. parteree from par - by + terre - earth) - seats in the auditorium, arranged in rows parallel to the stage, stage, screen; in the theater of the XVI - XVII centuries. - standing places in front of the stage, intended for spectators of the lower classes.
Prologue (from the Greek prologos - introduction) - the introductory part of a literary, theatrical and musical stage work. The literary (theatrical) prologue tells about the events that precede and motivate the main action, or explains the artistic intention, the aesthetic credo of the author.
Pierrot (fr. pierrot) - a character of the old French folk theater, a comedic hero of fair performances; since the beginning of the 20th century. - an aestheticized image of an exquisitely sad melancholic.
A play (fr. piece) - 1) a dramatic work; 2) a small instrumental musical composition of a lyrical or virtuoso nature.
Ramp - (fr. rampe) - 1) lighting equipment on the floor of the stage along its front edge, hidden from the public by the side; 2) (trans.) stage, theater.
Director (fr. regisseur, from lat. regese - to manage) - a creative worker of the theater or cinema, staging a play or film, director.
Reasoner (French rasonneur from raisonner - to reason) - 1) a character in the literature of the 17th-18th centuries. (especially comedies), who does not take an active part in the development of the action of other characters, expresses moralizing judgments from the author's positions; 2) the role of the actors who played the roles of such characters.
Remarque (fr. remarque) - 1) note, remark; 2) an explanation of the author to the text of the play (often in brackets), containing a description of the setting of the action, the appearance of the characters, the characteristics of their behavior, etc.
Repertoire (fr. repertoire) - 1) the totality of works performed in the theater, on the concert stage, etc .; 2) range of roles, numbers, musical, literary works performed by the artist.
Role (fr. role) - 1) in a play, film - an image embodied by an actor; 2) the entire text belonging to one of the characters in the play, screenplay.
Buffoons - wandering actors in ancient Russia, who acted as singers, wits, musicians, performers of skits, animal trainers, acrobats. Known since the 11th century. They gained particular popularity in the XV-XVII centuries. They were persecuted by ecclesiastical and civil authorities.
Performance (fr. spectacle) - a theatrical performance.
An extra (gr. statos - standing) - an actor who plays minor roles without words; participant in crowd scenes.
Studio (from it. studio - diligence, study) - 1) artist's workshop; 2) an educational institution for the training of artists, painters, sculptors; theater with young, novice actors; 3) a specially equipped room for radio and television broadcasts, for photography and filming.
Stage (lat. scena from gr. skene - tent, tent) - 1) part of the theater building, the platform on which the performance takes place, theatrical stage; 2) a separate part of the act (action) of a theatrical play; 3) a separate episode depicted in a novel, play, film, painting, etc.; 4) observed incident, episode.
Plot (fr. sujet) - 1) the sequence and connection of the description of events in a work of literature; 2) in the visual arts - the subject of the image.
Thalia (pr. Thaleia) - in ancient Greek mythology - one of the nine muses, the patroness of comedy.
Theater (from the Greek theatron - a place for spectacles, a spectacle) - 1) a kind of art, the specific means of expression of which is a stage action that occurs in the process of playing an actor in front of an audience. The origins of the theater are in ancient hunting and agricultural games, mass folk rituals. In ancient Greece, there were various types of theater with their own traditions and stage equipment. Rich and diverse forms of spectacle were created in the countries of the Ancient East, in India, China, Indonesia, Japan, etc. In the Middle Ages, Western European wandering actors - histrions, jugglers, buffoons - were carriers of folk theatrical creativity. The first professional European theater of the Renaissance is the Italian folk comedy of masks (commedia dell'arte, 16th–17th centuries). Since the Renaissance, the theater has become literary, tending to a settled existence in urban cultural centers. A work of theatrical art - a performance is created on the basis of a dramatic or musical stage work in accordance with the director's intention and under his direction, through the joint efforts of the actors, as well as the artist.
Puppet theater is a type of theatrical spectacle in which puppets operate, controlled by actors - puppeteers, usually hidden from the viewer by a screen. It differs in the device of puppets and their control system (puppets, riding puppets - glove, cane, etc.). The Petrushka Theater became famous in the Russian puppet theater. One of the leaders is the Central Puppet Theater SV. Obraztsova (Moscow).
Theater of miniatures - a type of theater in which works of the so-called. small forms - one-act plays, as well as parodies, sketches, sketches, etc., sometimes connected by a common plot.
Shadow theater is a type of theatrical spectacle based on the use of flat puppets (made of cardboard, leather, special colored film) that are placed between the light source and the screen or superimposed on it.
Travesty (French travesti from travestir - dress up) - 1) the role of an actress playing the roles of teenagers, boys, girls, as well as roles that require dressing in a men's suit in the course of the action; 2) a kind of humorous poetry close to parody.
Tragedy (from the Greek tragodia) is a type of drama imbued with the pathos of the tragic. The tragedy is based on acute social conflicts, fundamental problems of human existence, clashes of the individual with fate, society, the world, expressed in a tense form of struggle between strong characters and passions. A tragic conflict is usually resolved by the death of the protagonist. The tragedy of Ancient Greece (Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides), Renaissance and Baroque (W. Shakespeare, P. Calderon), classicism (P. Corneille, J. Racine) became the classics of the genre. Starting from the XVIII century. and especially in the dramaturgy of realism, the genre loses its rigor; tragedy approaches drama (as a species); intermediate genres arise, for example: "Petty-bourgeois tragedy" (F. Schiller), tragic drama (G. Kleist, V. Hugo), historical drama (A. S. Pushkin, A. K. Tolstoy), heroic drama (Vs. Vishnevsky ); from the end of the 19th century tragicomedy becomes relevant.
Tragedian (gr. tragicos) - 1) an actor who plays tragic roles; 2) (obsolete) author of tragedies.
Tragicomedy is a dramatic work built on the basis of a tragic (see tragedy) conflict, the resolution of which is associated with comic (see comedy), absurd situations and does not require the obligatory death of the hero.
Troupe (German truppe) - a group of theater or circus artists.
Overture (fr. ouverture from uvrir - open) - 1) musical introduction to an opera, ballet, film, etc. (cf. intermission); 2) an independent piece of music for orchestra in one movement (concert overture).
Choreography (gr. choreia - dance + ... graphics) - 1) the art of dance; 2) the entire volume of the dance components included in the ballet or dance.
Show (eng. show) - a magnificent stage spectacle with the participation of "stars" of the stage, circus, sports, jazz orchestra, ballet, etc.
Epilogue (gr. epilogos from epi - after + logos - word, speech) - 1) in ancient Greek drama - the final appeal to the audience, explaining the intention of the author or the nature of the production; 2) the final part of an opera, film, etc.
AVANLOJA- seats in the auditorium, a room in front of the entrance to the box.
PROSCENIUM- the front of the stage (between the curtain and the ramp).
ACT- the finished part of a dramatic work or theatrical performance; same as action.
ACTOR, actress - performer (performer) of roles.
ROLE- roles similar in nature, corresponding to the talent and external data of a certain actor.
AMPHITHEATER- 1) an ancient building for spectacles: an oval arena, around which seats for spectators were located in ledges; 2) seats in the auditorium located behind the stalls.
ENGAGEMENT- an invitation to an actor for a certain period of time to participate in performances or concerts.
ANNOUNCEMENT- announcement of upcoming tours, performances, concerts.
ANTIHERO- a deliberately reduced, deheroized character in the play, occupying one of the main places.
INTERMISSION- a break between the actions (acts) of the performance, between the sections of the concert.
ENTREPRENEUR- owner, owner, tenant of a private theater.
ENTERPRISE- private theatre.
FULL HOUSE- an announcement that all tickets (for a performance, performance) have been sold.
APOTHEOSIS- a solemn final mass scene of a performance or a festive concert program.
ARRIERSCENE- the part of the stage farthest from the auditorium.
BALAGAN- a theatrical performance of a comic nature, shown at fairs and festivities (in Russia since the 18th century).
BALCONY- places in the auditorium, located in an amphitheater in different tiers.
MEZZANINE- the first tier of balconies above the stalls and the amphitheater in the auditorium or concert hall.
BENEFIT- 1) a theatrical performance in honor of one actor; 2) a performance from which I received the benefit of one or more actors, as well as other theater workers.
BENOIR- theater boxes at the level of the sienna or slightly lower on both sides of the stalls.
BERIKAOBA- Georgian improvisational folk theater of masks. It existed from ancient times until the beginning of the 20th century.
BURLESQUE- an exaggerated comic image on stage.
PROPERTIES- a theater worker in charge of props. It is made by a prop artist.
PROPS- objects specially made and used instead of real things in theatrical productions.
BUFFOON- the role of an actor who uses buffoonery to play the role.
BUFFOONERY- 1) performance using clown techniques; 2) outwardly emphasized comic exaggeration, sometimes caricaturing characters.
Nativity scene- Ukrainian folk puppet theater, which became widespread in the XVII-XIX centuries. The puppets, fixed on a wire inside a two-tiered box - a den, were set in motion by a nativity scene. Scenes from biblical stories. The satirical interludes were accompanied by music.
GALLERY- the upper tier of the auditorium.
HASTION an actor in ancient Rome.
TOUR- performance of actors on the road in other theatres.
HERO is the main character in the play.
DRESS REHEARSAL- the last before the performance, concert.
GRANDAM- the role of an actress playing the role of noble ladies.
GRANDCOCKET- the role of an adult noble lady.
MAKEUP- 1) the art of changing the appearance of an actor (mainly the face) with the help of special paints, stickers, wigs, hairstyles, etc.; 2) paints and other make-up accessories.
make-up artist- Make-up artist.
MAKE-UP ROOM- room for make-up and dressing of actors.
ACTION— the finished part of the performance. Same as act.
DECLARATION- Clear, expressive reading aloud.
DECORATION- artistic design of the scene on the theatrical stage, creating a visual image of the performance.
DZYORURI a type of puppet theater in Japan. Jyoruri plays are performed on the stage of the kabuki theater.
DIVERTISSEMENT- a musical or dramatic performance from a series of individual numbers, usually given in addition to the performance.
DRAMATURGY- 1) dramatic art, the theory of the construction of dramatic works; 2) the totality of such works; 3) the plot-compositional basis of a separate theatrical work.
THE VILLAIN- the role of an actor playing negative characters.
INGENUE- the role of an actress playing the role of a naive girl.
INTERMEDIA- a short piece performed between the acts of a dramatic or operatic performance; insert scene.
KABUKI- one of the types of classical theater in Japan. Includes music, dance, drama, formed in the 17th century. Since 1652, only men have performed in such troupes.
PAINTING part of an act in a drama.
Klaka- a special group of people hired to create an artificial success or failure of the performance, the actor.
COQUET- the role of the actress, acting as a beautiful girl.
GRATES- the upper (invisible to the viewer) part of the stage for the installation of blocks, stage mechanisms and suspension elements of the scenery.
COMEDIAN- the role of an actor performing comedic roles.
CONFIDANT- an actor who plays the role of an approximate protagonist.
KOTURNY- a kind of sandals with very thick soles among ancient Greek and Roman actors to increase growth.
backstage- flat parts of the scenery (soft, stretched on frames), located on the sides of the stage.
LYRICIST- the role of an actor playing lyrical characters.
ACTOR- the name of the actor in ancient Russia.
LODGE- a group of seats in the auditorium (around the stalls and on the tiers), separated by partitions or barriers.
PUPPET- a theatrical puppet, which the puppeteer sets in motion with the help of threads.
mise-en-scene- the location of the actors on the stage at one time or another of the performance. The art of mise-en-scène is one of the most important elements of directing.
MIME- mime actor
MIMIC- one of the important elements of the art of the actor, the expressive movement of the muscles of the face.
MONOLOGUE- the speech of the actor, addressed to the audience or to himself.
MUSIC HALL- a type of variety theater that combines variety, circus, dance and musical genres. The first music halls appeared in Great Britain in the middle of the 19th century.
PEOPLE'S THEATER- 1) a theater that exists among the people, organically connected with oral folk art; 2) professional theater of the second half of the 19th century, whose activities were addressed to a wide audience; 3) unprofessional amateur theater (appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century).
NOU- one of the types of traditional Japanese theater. Includes music, dance, drama. Characteristic features: the conventionality of the scenery, the main characters are in masks, the costume is devoid of everyday concreteness.
PADUGA- a curtain strip along the top of the stage.
PANTOMIME- a type of stage art in which an artistic image is created without the help of words, by means of expressive movement, gesture, facial expressions.
PARTER- the plane of the floor of the auditorium with seats for spectators, usually below stage level.
PELZHENT- a mobile stage in the form of a large wagon in a medieval theater. It was used when staging mysteries, miracles, processions.
PETIMETER- the image of a dandy in a satirical comedy.
PARSLEY- the main character of Russian folk puppet shows; known since the first half of the 17th century.
STAGE- synonymous with the word "scene".
STATEMENT- the creative process of creating a performance; the same as the performance.
PREMIER (PRIMIER)- an actor, actress, occupying a leading position in the troupe, playing the main roles.
PREMIERE- the first (or one of the first) public paid showing of a new performance.
DIVA- Lead actress.
SIMPLETON- the role of an actor who plays a simple-minded person.
RAMP- lighting equipment on the floor of the stage along its front edge, hidden from the public by the board.
REVUE- a variety or theatrical performance, consisting of several numbers, united by one theme.
PRODUCER- Director of performances, based on his own plan, creates a new stage reality, combining the work of actors, artist, composer.
RESONER- the role of an actor expressing moralizing judgments.
PROPS- Items used in theatrical productions.
REHEARSAL- the main form of preparing a theatrical performance.
REPERTOIRE- a set of works performed in the theater.
AVANLOZHA - seats in the auditorium, a room in front of the entrance to the box.
PROSCENE - the front part of the stage (between the curtain and the ramp).
ACT - a completed part of a dramatic work or theatrical performance; same as action.
ACTOR, actress - performer (performer) of roles.
ROLE - roles similar in nature, corresponding to the talent and external data of a certain actor.
AMPHITHEATRE - 1) an ancient building for spectacles: an oval arena, around which there were seats for spectators in ledges; 2) seats in the auditorium located behind the stalls.
ENGAGEMENT - an invitation to an actor for a certain period of time to participate in performances or concerts.
ANNOUNCEMENT - an announcement about upcoming tours, performances, concerts.
ANTI-HERO - a deliberately reduced, deheroized character in the play, occupying one of the main places.
Intermission - a break between the actions (acts) of the performance, between the sections of the concert.
ENTERPRISE - owner, owner, tenant of a private theater.
ANTREPRIZA is a private theater.
SOLD OUT - an announcement that all tickets (for a performance, performance) have been sold.
APOTHEOIS - the solemn final mass scene of a performance or a festive concert program.
ARRIERSCENE - the part of the stage farthest from the auditorium.
BALAGAN - a theatrical performance of a comic nature, shown at fairs and festivities (in Russia since the 18th century).
BALCONY - places in the auditorium, located in an amphitheater in different tiers.
BELETAGE - the first tier of balconies above the stalls and the amphitheater in the auditorium or concert hall.
BENEFIT - 1) theatrical performance in honor of one actor; 2) a performance from which I received the benefit of one or more actors, as well as other theater workers.
BENOIR - theater boxes at the level of the sienna or slightly lower on both sides of the stalls.
BERIKAOBA is a Georgian improvisational folk theater of masks. It existed from ancient times until the beginning of the 20th century.
BURLESQUE is an exaggerated comic image on stage.
PROPERTIES - a theater worker in charge of props. It is made by a prop artist.
PROPERTIES - items specially made and used instead of real things in theatrical productions.
BUFFON - the role of an actor who uses buffoonery to play the role.
Buffoonery - 1) performance using clown techniques; 2) outwardly emphasized comic exaggeration, sometimes caricaturing characters.
VERTEP is a folk Ukrainian puppet theater, which became widespread in the 17th-19th centuries. The puppets, fixed on a wire inside a two-tiered box - a den, were set in motion by a nativity scene. Scenes from biblical stories. The satirical interludes were accompanied by music.
GALLERKA - the upper tier of the auditorium.
GASTION is an actor in ancient Rome.
TOURS - performance of actors on the road in other theaters.
The HERO is the main character in the play.
GENERAL REHEARSAL - the last before the performance, concert.
GRANDAM - the role of an actress who plays the role of noble ladies.
GRANDCOCKET - the role of an adult noble lady.
MAKE-UP - 1) the art of changing the appearance of an actor (mainly the face) with the help of special paints, stickers, wigs, hairstyles, etc.; 2) paints and other make-up accessories.
MAKE-UP MAN - A specialist in the make-up of actors.
MAKE-UP ROOM - a room for make-up and dressing of actors.
ACTION - the completed part of the performance. Same as act.
DECLARATION - clear expressive reading aloud.
DECORATION - artistic decoration of the scene on the theatrical stage, creating a visual image of the performance.
JYORURI is a type of puppet theater in Japan. Jyoruri plays are performed on the stage of the kabuki theater.
Divertissement - a musical or dramatic performance from a series of separate numbers, usually given in addition to the performance.
DRAMATOR - author of dramatic works.
DRAMATURGY - 1) dramatic art, the theory of the construction of dramatic works; 2) the totality of such works; 3) the plot-compositional basis of a separate theatrical work.
VILLAIN - the role of an actor playing negative characters.
Ingenue - the role of an actress playing the role of a naive girl.
INTERMEDIA - a short play performed between the acts of a dramatic or opera performance; insert scene.
Kabuki is a type of classical theater in Japan. Includes music, dance, drama, formed in the 17th century. Since 1652, only men have performed in such troupes.
A PICTURE is a part of an act in a drama.
KLAKA - a special group of people hired to create an artificial success or failure of the performance, the actor.
COQUET - the role of an actress acting as a beautiful girl.
GRATES - the upper (invisible to the viewer) part of the stage for installing blocks, stage mechanisms and hanging decoration elements.
Comedian - the role of an actor who performs comedic roles.
CONFIDANT - an actor who plays the role of an approximate protagonist.
KOTURNY - a kind of sandals with very thick soles used by ancient Greek and Roman actors to increase their height.
SCENES - flat parts of the scenery (soft, stretched on frames), located on the sides of the stage.
LYRIC - the role of an actor playing lyrical characters.
LYTSEDEY - the name of an actor in Ancient Russia.
LODGE - a group of seats in the auditorium (around the stalls and on the tiers), separated by partitions or barriers.
Puppet - a theatrical puppet that the puppeteer sets in motion with the help of threads.
MIS-ENSCENE - the location of the actors on the stage at one time or another of the performance. The art of mise-en-scène is one of the most important elements of directing.
MIM is a pantomime actor.
MIMIC is one of the important elements of the art of the actor, the expressive movement of the muscles of the face.
A monologue is an actor's speech addressed to the audience or to himself.
MUSIC HALL is a type of variety theater that combines variety, circus, dance and musical genres. The first music halls appeared in Great Britain in the middle of the 19th century.
PEOPLE'S THEATER - 1) a theater that exists among the people, organically connected with oral folk art; 2) professional theater of the second half of the 19th century, whose activities were addressed to a wide audience; 3) unprofessional amateur theater (appeared in Russia in the middle of the 19th century).
NOO is a type of traditional Japanese theatre. Includes music, dance, drama. Characteristic features: the conventionality of the scenery, the main characters are in masks, the costume is devoid of everyday concreteness.
PADUGA - a curtain strip along the top of the stage.
Pantomime is a type of theatrical art in which an artistic image is created without the help of words, by means of expressive movement, gesture, facial expressions.
PARTER - the plane of the floor of the auditorium with seats for spectators, usually below stage level.
PELZHENT - a mobile stage in the form of a large wagon in a medieval theater. It was used when staging mysteries, miracles, processions.
PETIMETER - the image of a dandy in a satirical comedy.
PETRUSHKA - the main character of Russian folk puppet shows; known since the first half of the 17th century.
STAGE - a synonym for the word "scene".
staging - the creative process of creating a performance; the same as the performance.
PREMIER (PREMIER) - an actor, actress, occupying a leading position in the troupe, playing the main roles.
PREMIERE - the first (or one of the first) public paid showing of a new performance.
PRIMADONNA - an actress who plays the main roles.
SIMPLE - the role of an actor who plays an ingenuous person.
RAMP - lighting equipment on the floor of the stage along its front edge, hidden from the public by the side.
REVIEW - a variety or theatrical performance, consisting of several numbers, united by one theme.
DIRECTOR - director of performances, based on his own idea, creates a new stage reality, combining the work of actors, artist, composer.
RESONER - the role of an actor expressing moralizing judgments.
PROPERTIES - items used in theatrical productions.
REHEARSAL is the main form of preparing a theatrical performance.
REPERTOIRE - a set of works performed in the theater.
RESPECT - a short statement uttered by one actor in response to the words of another.
SKENA is a dressing and exit room for theater actors in Ancient Greece.
SOLOIST - the lead actor in the play.
SOFIT - part of the lighting equipment in the theater, diffused light fixtures that illuminate the stage from the front and from above.
PERFORMANCE - a theatrical performance. It is created on the basis of a dramatic or musical stage work in accordance with the director's intention by the joint efforts of actors, an artist, etc.
STATIST - an extras actor who performs a role without words.
SUBRETE - the role of a resourceful maid.
PROMPTER - a theater worker who monitors the progress of rehearsals and performances according to the text of the play and, if necessary, prompts the actors for the words of the role.
THEATER is a kind of art, a specific means of expression of which is a stage action that occurs in the process of an actor playing in front of an audience.
PUPPET THEATER - a type of theatrical spectacle in which puppets operate, controlled by puppeteers.
MINIATURE THEATER - a type of theater in which works of the so-called small forms are staged (one-act plays, parodies, skits, sketches).
SHADOW THEATER - a type of theatrical spectacle based on the use of flat puppets that are placed between the light source and the screen or superimposed on it.
TELARIA - devices for changing scenery in the old theaters of Western Europe.
TRAVESTI - the role of an actress who plays the role of teenagers.
TRAGIK ~ the role of an actor who plays tragic roles.
troupe - the cast of the theatre.
HOLD - a room under the stage.
FAT is the role of an actor playing spectacular, narcissistic and limited people (mostly young).
FIGURANT - an actor who plays a role without words; the same as the statistician.
FINAL - the final part of the performance.
Furki - devices for moving scenery on the stage.
ETOILE is an entertaining actress.
ETUDE is an exercise in modern theatrical pedagogy for the development and improvement of acting technique.
TIER - one of the middle or upper floors in the auditorium.
