Advantages and features of the construction of a veranda from a bar. Extension of a veranda from a bar to a house How to build a frame veranda to a house with your own hands

A spacious and cozy veranda, or, as it is fashionable to say today, a terrace, is a great place for both secluded relaxation and for holding fun, stormy parties with friends in the warm season. A well-designed veranda with an original design can immediately become a real decoration of the facade of any private house. Of course, it is best to lay the construction of a veranda in the main project for the construction of a house. But do not be upset if you did not prudently do this, because this type of room can be attached at any time.

In this article, we will tell you how to attach a veranda to the house with your own hands, consider options for a polycarbonate veranda, as well as an open veranda, and give a photo and video instruction.

Location

As a rule, a veranda is placed in front of the main facade, but it is not forbidden to place it in front of the side facade, if necessary. It is important that the veranda is clearly visible from the gate (the main entrance to the courtyard) and has a passage to the rooms of the house.

The decisive role in calculating the length of the veranda is played by the length of the facade of the house, along which it will be completed. With the width, everything is much simpler, usually it is about two and a half meters.

Before starting construction, do not forget to prepare your workplace, i.e. clear the area, dismantle the porch and the canopy over the entrance.

Foundation

For a frame or wooden veranda, a columnar foundation is well suited, i.e. foundation with the installation of pillars of brickwork under the corner posts.

For a light veranda of small size, the columns placed in the corners will be enough, and for a more overall extension, intermediate posts with additional columns (50 cm increments) should be installed.

The sequence of work on the construction of the foundation:

First, holes are dug to a depth of at least one meter.
The bottom of each of the pits is covered with layers: first, 20 cm of sand is poured, and then 10 cm of gravel.
The concrete base is poured (approximately 15 cm) and given some time for the concrete to set.
Brick pillars are laid out. The above-ground part of them is brought to the height of the main foundation or slightly lower. The height of the brick pillars of the foundation is made, as a rule, 30 cm below the final level of the floor.
Each finished post should be coated with hot bitumen.
The cavities of the posts are filled with brick fragments or fine gravel.
The gaps between the pillars and the ground are filled with sand.

Frame

The veranda frame, as a rule, is made of wooden beams, the cross-sectional size of which is 120x80 or 100x200. For the same purposes, logs are sometimes used (with a diameter of ≤ 12 cm).

They begin to erect a wooden frame, usually from the bottom strapping (preferably double). The joints of the bars should be carried out with a straight lock. At the level of the second log, logs and vertical posts with spikes (50x50) are cut into the harness. They fasten the entire structure with nails, and use staples for greater reliability.

The most correct distance between the bearing racks is considered to be 50 cm, but, as practice shows, this value can be larger.

The roof rafter system and top rail are installed on the racks. Racks can be either solid wooden beams or two connected boards (with a section of 120x40) with a gasket between them. For fastening the rafters, a horizontal beam is used that passes under the slope of the roof of the house. Beam and uprights should be secured with anchor bolts. In the process of installing the veranda frame, make sure that the veranda roof being erected is well connected to the roof of the house.

Roof

Undoubtedly, the roof of the veranda should be an extension of the roof of the house. It is recommended to perform it from the same roofing material, but other types are also allowed. The roofing material is attached to the wooden lathing. The lathing is mounted either at intervals or close to each other (depending on the type of roof).

Boards are fastened back to back in case of using roll material. When attaching the flooring to the rafters, the heads of the nails should be sunk into the wooden surface (in no case should they protrude). The rolled material is fixed at the edges with nails, and for additional fixation, slats are nailed to the coating. The protruding edges of the roll should be folded inward and fastened with nails.
If a steel roofing material is used for the roof, it is fastened to the crate with nails and joined with a seam seam.
Overlapping sheets of asbestos cement are mounted. In this case, the upper sheets overlap the lower ones by at least 14 cm. They are fixed in pre-drilled holes with nails or screws.

Floors and walls

Usually, the floor is made of wood, taking as a material wooden boards, previously covered with an antiseptic.

The veranda can be left open, or walls can be erected by constructing them from wooden panels or lining. In the second option, do not forget to take care of the windows.

Do not insulate the walls of the veranda too much, because it is considered a summer recreation area.

After the floor, frame and roof of the veranda have been made, you can start sheathing the structure with polycarbonate. So, you get a light and light veranda, where you can have fun in the warm season.

Polycarbonate is a translucent material based on carbonic acid polyesters. It is produced in the form of honeycomb or monolithic panels. In cellular polycarbonate there are cavities between the stiffening ribs that connect two sheets to each other. They are often replaced with glass when arranging verandas. This is due to a number of positive properties of the material.

Although polycarbonate appeared on the construction market not so long ago, it is very popular among consumers. Why? The reason for this is the unique properties of the material, which has no analogues on the market today:

High strength. These indicators for polycarbonate are 20 times higher than for glass. If the polycarbonate is damaged, then it will not crumble into small fragments, like glass, but will break into fragments that do not have sharp corners. Thus, the injury risk of polycarbonate is minimal.
High light transmittance - up to 86%. Due to the fact that some of the light is scattered, polycarbonate creates protection from direct sunlight. Partially absorbs ultraviolet light.
Polymeric panels are flexible, which makes it possible to design curved shapes. Polycarbonate can be bent without special equipment, right at the installation site.
The temperature range is from –40 to + 120 ° C. And this means that polycarbonate is not afraid of either the scorching sun or severe frosts.

If you don't have a lot of building experience then don't worry. You can master and implement this technology. Initially, a foundation should be made, the frame elements should be fixed in it. After the concrete has completely hardened, you can start making the frame. How to make a foundation and a frame made of wood has already been described in the article.

For the manufacture of the metal frame, in this case, a thin-walled galvanized sigma profile will be used. Features of installing the frame:

No welding is required as all connections will be made with bolts. To do this, you need an adjustable wrench.
The main fastening of the beams is the anchors laid in the base of the foundation. If they have not been installed, then you will have to drill holes in the foundation and screw in the cotter bolts, and then secure the beams.
Sigma profiles are held together with standard fittings.

If you made the frame from rolled steel, then it must be treated with a primer and then painted with metal paint. Thus, you protect the frame from corrosion.

Now you need to cut the polycarbonate to fit it to the required size. This can be done with an electric jigsaw. It is important to take into account that the sheets must be firmly pressed to the surface.

If you cut polycarbonate too quickly with a jigsaw, it will start to melt, and if this work is done too slowly, then the material will burst.

To create a thermal play in the process of assembling polycarbonate sheets, it is necessary to ensure that the screws are not clamped all the way. In addition, when installing polycarbonate under the washers, it is imperative to lay gaskets. This will protect the material from damage and leaks. The holes in the polycarbonate should be slightly larger than the diameter of the screws' legs. So, with temperature drops, polycarbonate will narrow and expand without deforming.

The installation of the roof is carried out according to the scheme already described in this article. If you wish, you can also make it out of polycarbonate. In this case, your building will be very light. Polycarbonate is laid on the roof according to the same principle as on the walls.

The open veranda is a frame construction without walls, and the roof is installed on beams. This design has a number of advantages and disadvantages.

Of the undeniable advantages of an open veranda, it is worth noting the following:

Easy to install. Its construction takes a minimum of materials and time. It is not difficult to build it.
Easy care. Such a veranda is more of a part of the street than a house. Therefore, to keep it clean, it is sufficient to regularly sweep the floor.
An open veranda will allow you to enjoy the opening landscape and breathe clean air when you are on it.

Like all hand-made works, an open-type building also has disadvantages:

Unsuitable for use in the cold season.
It is impossible to install upholstered furniture on an open veranda, since it will be impossible to look after it, which means that your stay here will be deprived of a certain home comfort.
Difficulties may arise with the choice of finishing materials, as they will be exposed to the negative influence of the environment.

The open veranda is not glazed or walls are erected on it. She is often used as a gazebo. They build it in a frame way.

For construction you will need:

Concrete foundation posts.
A bar for a frame with a section of 150 × 150 mm.
Cement and sand.
A bar for strengthening the frame with a section of 120 × 120 mm.
Bracket for joining the timber.
Lathing for the bottom of the veranda. It can be OSB, forging or slats in the form of slabs or balusters.
Self-tapping screws for wood 100 mm and 25 mm for fixing OSB or wooden lining.
Wooden lining.
Roof beams 150 × 150 mm.
Anchors 150-200 mm.
Croquettes 60 × 120 mm.
Roofing material, for example, metal or ondulin.
Boards for the manufacture of roof lathing.
Lags 100 × 100 mm.
Wind board.
Floor boards 30–40 mm.
Paints and varnishes for wood processing.
Roll waterproofing for the foundation.
Drill and saw.
Level.

You have already familiarized yourself with the method of making the foundation, so we will omit this point in our description of the construction of an open type of building. And let's go straight to the features of the flooring.

To carry out a high-quality installation of the floor, you must first prepare the base. To do this, first of all, the earth is leveled and compacted. Adjustable supports can serve as supports for the logs. Moreover, their number will directly depend on the planned loads on the floor. This idea is great for open-type verandas.

Then install the logs on the adjustable feet and fasten them. Thanks to these supports, the slope of the floor can be adjusted and leveled. Installation of boards begins from the edge of the veranda parallel to the joists. The boards must be level and dry. They should be stacked back to back. Fastening the boards to the joists is carried out with nails or wood screws.

A wooden floor is short-lived, as it cannot withstand prolonged exposure to an aggressive environment. If you want to make a more durable veranda floor, then you can replace the planks with a decking or, as it is also called, a decking plank.

The device of the frame and roof does not differ from the technology described in this article.

In order for the wooden elements of the open veranda to last longer, they should be impregnated with special antiseptics and covered with paints and varnishes. Among other things, these actions will highlight the structure of the tree and help make the extension more attractive.

The lower part of the veranda also needs some finishing. To do this, you can use rails that are fixed at an angle of 45º, forged elements or balusters. If you use a wooden or plastic lining for this, then you will need to make a frame of beams under it.

For finishing the ceiling and pediment, you need to use the same material. It can be wooden lining or OSB slabs. At this stage, it is important to route the electrical cables to illuminate the veranda and make appropriate holes in the ceiling sheathing.

High-tech veranda

Ideally, an extension is designed in conjunction with the main building. But if such an opportunity was missed during its construction, it is not scary. We will tell you how to make a veranda to the house with your own hands step by step. Consider materials suitable for these purposes, the permitting process, and other important issues.

What types of outbuildings exist and how to choose a place for them

Two groups of such objects can be distinguished: closed and open types. Most often they are closely adjacent to a private house. Usually this is a one-story, spacious room with panoramic windows, a canopy or a small vestibule at the entrance to the building. Sometimes there is on the roof. There are many design solutions, it all depends on the taste of the homeowner. The photo shows unusual and easy-to-implement projects in different styles.

The way the building is operated depends on how insulated and equipped it is. The site can become a place for family recreation, work, or a full-fledged kitchen or a beautiful winter garden.

Location selection

There are no strict rules for planning. But most people prefer the most convenient option when there are two doors: to the house and to the street. You can focus on the location of the cottage. In the south, the premises are equipped on the north side. In the north - from the south. Choose the leeward side for a comfortable stay.

Of course, a position in which the place has enough sunlight is considered more advantageous. If there is too much of it, landscaping with trees outside will help. In order to have more lighting, it is necessary to make several windows, and sometimes full glazing. Sliding doors are very convenient - they can be opened using the remote control, making the space open and comfortable on hot days.

Usually an extension is part of a building, with or without a porch. But sometimes it is built separately. In this case, a covered corridor can lead to the room.

What needs to be prepared for the construction of a veranda to the house

It is considered ideal to use the same sheathing for the veranda and the main housing. With this approach, the entire structure will be made in the same style. But it is not necessary to strictly follow this rule. Sometimes it is enough to add a single material to the decor elements. The main thing is that the dacha as a whole looks harmonious. Suitable:

Brick. Keeps cool, fireproof, durable. The downside is the large weight of the structure.
Wood (timber, logs, panel structures). Among the advantages: light weight, environmental friendliness, relatively easy installation.
... They speed up construction, but the building of them requires additional insulation.
Metal. Used for the frame. The easiest option is plywood or plastic lining on a metal base.
PVC, polycarbonate. Suitable for creating a bright, warm, all-season room. They get very hot and for this reason are not suitable for hot climates and sunny sides.

The set of tools depends on the materials you choose. If it is wood - prepare a hacksaw, a screwdriver, a long cord, a hammer and an ax, a plumb line. Welding equipment can be useful for working with metal. cut with an electric jigsaw. Corners, nails, pins, a tape measure, a shovel, a sledgehammer are also useful. A building level is required.

With whom to coordinate the construction of the building

The owner of the site needs to contact several authorities:

Local administration.
Fire inspection.
Sanitary and Epidemiological Station.

You will need:

Finished project.
Proof of ownership.
Technical certificate.
Consent for reconstruction from all residents registered in the house.

Adhere to the dimensions of the room indicated in the project. Otherwise, BTI will regard the extra meters as an illegal expansion of the area and issue a fine.
It can take more than a month to obtain a building permit, so start preparing your documents well in advance.

Basic rules for attaching a veranda to a house and its exterior design

When preparing for construction, keep four important points in mind:

For heavy construction, choose a strip foundation, for light construction, choose a pile foundation. In both cases, its height must match the height of the housing foundation.
It is necessary to attach an additional room close to a large building in order to exclude drafts and the ingress of excess moisture between them.
Maintain the proportions between objects. A large house will be decorated with a spacious room, a small one - on the contrary.
Reconstruction is best done after the main building has shrunk, that is, two or three years after its construction.

Exterior decoration and decor

In addition to the materials listed above, basement and facade vinyl siding is often used for decoration. At the moment, many of its varieties are sold, including those with a wood or brick design. Siding is durable and lightweight, it is not afraid of exposure to water, it is easy for them to sheathe walls.

Glazing with plastic double-glazed windows looks beautiful from top to bottom. Another type of PVC windows is soft, removable panels. It is a dense and transparent film. It is attached to the frame of the object and is convenient because it can be easily removed at any time.

Forged and carved elements on the roof, balcony, porch are used to decorate wooden and brick houses. Landscaping gives a special comfort and beauty to the building. The trees planted nearby will protect you from the sun on a hot day. Lush, hanging plants in hanging pots and large, decorative pots look beautiful, as well as ivy encircling walls and columns.

We build a veranda to the house with our own hands step by step: instructions for creating simple extensions

First, preparatory work is carried out. They include: dismantling a porch with a visor (if the room is on this side), cleaning the area from plants and stones, removing sod, preparing a convenient place for building materials. When everything is ready, the time comes for the most important stage of construction.

Foundation

Small structures that are lightweight (made of wood, polycarbonate), especially in a swampy area, can be erected on a columnar foundation. It is not tied to the foundation of the house. If a small space is planned, it is enough to install four piles in the corners. A large frame will be more stable with intermediate struts. The optimal distance between them is 50 cm.

Procedure

Dig holes at least one meter deep so that the new base coincides with the old one and does not crack due to freezing of the soil.
Pour 20 cm of sand at the bottom of each pit, and 10-15 cm of gravel or crushed stone on it.
Pour concrete (15 cm) on top and leave to harden.
Install the pillars. They can be made from bricks, concrete and metal piles. Asbestos pipes are also suitable. The support is brought out to the height of the base of the building.
Coat the posts with bitumen mastic to protect them from moisture.
Fill the gap between the ground and the support with sand, and the cavity of the posts with gravel.

It is better to attach a heavy brick or glazed room on a tape-type foundation.

Procedure

Mark out the territory and outline the boundaries of the future veranda by extending a cord with pegs.
Dig a trench around the perimeter of the project. Its depth depends on the primary foundation and on how much the soil freezes. If it is strong, then dig a hole 1-2 meters.
Place a wooden formwork and fill the bottom with a thick layer of sand and make a reinforcing frame from steel rods.
Pour the concrete in layers, alternating them with stones to strengthen the structure.
There is no need to add stones in the last part. Smooth it out and leave to dry. In dry weather, periodically dampen the material to prevent cracking.

Frame

Start assembling it only after the foundation has dried. Pre-lay a layer of waterproofing on the base. Then - a double strapping made of timber impregnated with antiseptics with a section of 150 * 150. This is the frame that holds the entire structure. It can be double or single. The first is considered more reliable, especially for heavy outbuildings. The beam is connected in a "dovetail" or "straight lock" with fastening with nails and pins. In the process of installing the crown, adjust its position using the building level. Grooves are cut every half a meter.

Then the vertical supports are installed. For them, a beam of 120 * 80, 120 * 100 mm or logs with a diameter of no more than 120 mm are used. They are equal in height to the veranda, with the exception of projects with a pitched, gable or polygonal roof. In these cases, make the uprights against the wall of the house higher. The distance between the beams is 50 cm or more.

Next, the last element is mounted - the upper strapping. To prevent it from skewing, reinforce the position of the vertical bar with temporary struts. Pre-treat all wooden elements with protective agents and stitch them.

If the frame was made of metal elements, it should be primed and painted to prevent corrosion. The construction method is similar to that described above.

Walls and floor

If you want to insulate the floor, fill the space between the ground and the boards with expanded clay, cover it with roofing felt or another waterproofing layer on top. A concrete floor is suitable for, it is more wear-resistant, it can be covered with linoleum or laminate. It is also recommended for such a space to make the flooring at an angle and at intervals in it so that rainwater does not accumulate on the surface.

But more often wood is used for covering. Larch is considered the best option. This material is environmentally friendly and the building looks cozy from the inside. If you are planning just such a project, install the joists on the strapping at a distance of about 100 cm from each other. They should be perpendicular to the boards. Saturate them with an antifungal coating. Cover the structure with edged boards and cover them first with protective solutions, and then with stain or paint. The final layer is varnish. In an enclosed area, seal the joints with silicone sealant.

The inner wall is attached to the residential building using metal parts (if the building has already shrunk) or the gap between them is closed with polyurethane foam. The walls are made of bricks, lining, cinder blocks, wooden panels, plywood or polycarbonate. Let us dwell in more detail on the features of the latter option.

Mounting polycarbonate

It can also be used to completely cover a room instead of a roof. In this case, the veranda will be very bright. It is simple to build from the material, and its plasticity allows you to create bizarre shapes. For example, you can build a conservatory in the form of a greenhouse or make a summer room round, polygonal.

An electric jigsaw is suitable for cutting. It is important to firmly press the sheets to the surface during work and not to rush. The workpieces melt at high speed. They are attached to the frame with self-tapping screws, making holes of a slightly larger diameter. This is to leave room for the sheets to expand when the temperature changes. Rubber gaskets must be placed under the washers.

Roof

The roof can be pitched, gable or complex shape with several corners. The first option is the simplest and at the same time practical. The surface is inclined, does not retain rainwater and snow, which means it is more durable. To make such a structure, you need a rafter system. To do this, a girder is installed on the roof of the main house with the help of anchor bolts, and the upper parts of the rafters are mounted on it. Along the perimeter of the frame, another frame from a bar is nailed and the rafters are attached to it from below.

Also, in choosing the distance between the elements of the lathing, you can focus on the type of overlap.

Ceramic tiles - 35 cm.
Metal roof tiles and corrugated board - 60-90 cm.
Ondulin - 60-100 cm.
Slate - up to 80 cm.

The next stage is sheathing with edged boards (at least 50 mm thick) and waterproofing flooring with insulation. Then the roof is laid. The extension will look like one with the main building if you use the same material on it. All parts must be treated with antiseptic solutions and fire-fighting impregnations. If you are settling on metal floors, consider soundproofing so that the sound of rain does not bring discomfort to your holiday.

Watch a detailed step-by-step video on how to make a roof for a block porch.

Prepared by: Nelly Kirgintseva

A house outside the city is a place where you can have a good rest from everyday worries and relax. Therefore, every owner of a suburban area tries to make it as comfortable and beautiful as possible. Creating a veranda is one of the most popular ways to ennoble a site. This building advantageously expands the residential area, and with the right approach to building a veranda with your own hands, you can not heat it and spend time at any time of the year.

What is a veranda

This is a closed or open terrace, which is located along the facade of a residential building. This room was originally built into the house or added later. As a rule, it is not heated. It can have glazed windows and doors (veranda) or it can do without them (terrace). The design of the veranda should correspond to the general appearance of the house and be in the same style with it. For example, you can build a brick veranda for a wooden house, but it will be ugly. Better to make it out of wood too. The roof is usually made for a veranda with a slope, using the same roofing material as for the roof of the house.

One of the defining aspects of the overall appearance of the terrace is the location and shape of the windows and doors. The shape and patterns of the bindings of window and door openings will help you make your extension original and beautiful.

Photo: options for premises from various materials

Cozy veranda Simple open veranda under construction
Spacious bright veranda Open terrace Veranda with equipped recreation room View of the veranda from the street

Modern verandas are not cluttered with work clothes and household utensils for a long time. Now these are full-fledged premises and extensions of a residential building, the arrangement of which is approached with all seriousness and responsibility.

Design is the most important stage in the construction of any structure, including a veranda. At this stage, you need to create a sketch on which a general view of the structure will be drawn by hand, and a detailed design drawing, indicating all measurements and the necessary materials for construction. The more detailed the project is, the easier it will be to build later. After all, you will know in advance how long, for example, a board you need for this or that element, as well as how many such boards are needed. The project will help you calculate the amount of material and the approximate cost of building a veranda.

There are many projects for the construction of an open veranda

If you do not have drawing skills, then the project can be spied on in open sources or ordered an individual one from specialists.

How to make the foundation correctly

To build a veranda, it is enough to erect a columnar or strip base, the depth of which will be equal to the depth of the base of the house. Experts do not recommend associating the main foundation with the base of the extension due to differences in weight. They will not shrink equally and this can lead to deformations of the extension. Leave a gap of 30–40 mm between these two substrates.

The choice of the correct type of foundation depends on what material the extension will be made of and on the characteristics of the soil. For example, for the construction of heavy brick extensions, it is better to make a strip foundation, and for wooden lungs, a columnar base is enough.

Tape base: step-by-step construction instructions

The dimensions of the foundation for the extension must be the same as the dimensions of the base of the house.

For the foundation to be solid, it needs to be “watered” at first. Especially on hot days. Moisten it with water and cover with plastic wrap. So, it will not crack.

Columnar base

For light timber or polycarbonate verandas, the construction of a columnar foundation is ideal. The recommended depth of the pits for the posts is 800–1100 mm. For a small veranda (3x4 meters), it will be enough to install supporting structures only in the corners. But for greater reliability, it is better to insure yourself and make intermediate pillars. The distance between the supports should ideally be 80-100 centimeters.

The parameters of the pillars must be carefully calculated

Dig holes for the supporting structures. Using a drill will greatly facilitate the task.
Make a cave-crushed stone pillow for the posts. Sand with a layer of 150-200 mm, and crushed stone 100 mm. Tamp each layer well.
Make timber formwork and lay the reinforcement net.
Pour concrete to the full depth of the hole and let it harden.
After hardening, coat the concrete structures with bitumen.
Remove the formwork and cover all gaps with sand.
The ground part of the foundation is made of bricks. The height of their construction should be equal to the height of the base of the house.

Rough floor

It is better to start the construction of the subfloor immediately after the construction of the foundation, having previously waterproofed the base with roofing material in 2 layers.

The floor can be made of wood or concrete. The first option is better suited for a frame wooden veranda, the second for a massive brick.

How to build a wooden

Sub-floor device

Fix the bottom rail with anchors on the base. The strapping elements are connected to each other using galvanized nails.
Attach wood floor logs to the harness beams at a distance of 500 mm from each other.
Fill the space between them with expanded clay.
Using an uncut board or plywood about 5 cm thick, construct a decking that is attached to the floor joists using galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

Create concrete

Fill the base with sand, the layer of which should be 100 mm.
Then comes a layer of expanded clay.
Lay a reinforcing net, the rods of which are 6–8 mm, and the cells are 250x250 mm.
Pour in concrete mix.
The thickness of the floor screed should be 3-5 cm.

It is important that the concrete surface is perfectly flat. Use a building level to control this during construction.

Wooden veranda: design and evocation

Option of a light wooden veranda

Wood is the most popular and ancient building material. This material does not give up its positions even with the appearance of new species.

In principle, building a veranda based on a wooden frame is a simple process. Almost anyone can do this task. Having correctly mounted the frame racks and protected them with shields or clapboard, a good veranda comes out.

Wood is an environmentally friendly raw material with a beautiful appearance. It does not have much weight, which greatly facilitates the work in the fundamental part of the building.

But, this is a flammable material. Therefore, sources of fire, such as a brazier, should be located at a safe distance from such a structure.

In addition, wooden structures need additional treatment with antiseptics, since the external environment and weather conditions do not work very well on this material.

For the construction of the veranda frame, use only high-quality wooden beams, the cross-section of which is 10x10 centimeters.

Make grooves in the beams of the lower strapping, where the vertical supports will be installed in increments of 0.5 meters.
Install the supports using staples and screws or nails.
Options for mounting upright posts
In order to make a pitched roof, vertical beams must be made of different heights. This means that where the bottom of the roof will be, the timber should be 500 mm lower than the place where the top of the roof will be.
Construct a sloped roof rail for a pitched roof.
After you have made the top rail, you can install the roof rafters. Make an additional girder near the roof slope, fastening it to all supports with anchor bolts. If the roof is supposed to be heavy, then it is better to add transverse boards to the timber strapping. And attach racks and podcoms to them. Thus, the rafter system will be reliable for any type of roof.
The rafters are mounted at a distance of 500 mm. For them, a beam with a section of 10x20 cm is used.
The next stage is frame sheathing. Inside you can use clapboard, outside siding. Between them, you need to put waterproofing and thermal insulation materials. Do not forget about window and doorways.
Timber frame cladding

How to attach brick or foam blocks

Beautiful brick veranda

This is already a capital structure. If you do the work according to the rules, then it will be comfortable in such a building at any time of the year. In the summer heat it will be cool there, and in the winter cold it will be warm. A brick veranda is distinguished by its durability, fire safety and ease of maintenance.

But it also has a drawback. Namely, heaviness. Therefore, a strong foundation is required for its construction.

When the foundation and sub-floor are ready, you can start laying. Spoon masonry is distinguished, in which the total thickness of the walls is 12 cm; bonded masonry, with walls 25 cm and chain masonry, with walls 38 cm.

If the veranda is supposed to be used year-round, then you can make 2 rows of masonry and put waterproofing and heat-insulating materials between them.
You can also leave a single masonry. Then the insulation and waterproofing is placed between the brickwork and the wall cladding material.
Outside, finishing work remains at the discretion of the owner: it can be facing brick, it is allowed to sheathe the building with polycarbonate.

Calculation of the number of bricks for the terrace (table)

Masonry size	Length	Width	Height	Qty bricks excluding thickness mortar seam, pcs.	Qty bricks with considering thickness mortar seam 10 mm, pcs.
1 m 3 single brickwork	250	120	65	512	394
1 m 3 thick brickwork	250	120	88	378	372
1 m 2 masonry in half a brick (masonry thickness 12 cm)	250	120	65	61	51
1 m 2 masonry in half a brick (masonry thickness 12 cm)	250	120	88	45	39
1 m 2 masonry in 1 brick (masonry thickness 25 cm)	250	120	65	128	102
(masonry thickness 38 cm)	250	120	65	189	153
1 m 2 masonry in one and a half bricks (masonry thickness 38 cm)	250	120	88	140	117
1 m 2 masonry in 2 bricks (masonry thickness 51 cm)	250	120	65	256	204
1 m 2 masonry in 2 bricks (masonry thickness 51 cm)	250	120	88	190	156
1 m 2 masonry in 2.5 bricks (masonry thickness 64 cm)	250	250	65	317	255
1 m 2 masonry in 2.5 bricks (masonry thickness 64 cm)	250	250	88	235	195

Roof: ceiling trim and other structural elements

To finish the work on the roof, you need to build a batten, lay layers of insulation and cover the surface with a finishing roofing material.

The lathing can be made solid for roll materials or thinned for sheet roofing. The first is made from OSB boards. They need to be attached to the rafters, leaving a 10 mm gap. The sparse lathing is done with a step recommended by the manufacturers of the selected roofing. Usually it is about 300–350 mm. The lathing is attached to the rafter with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

Veranda roof

Place mineral wool in the cells between the battens of the battening part. This will be thermal insulation. Lay the waterproofing material on top, which is attached to the batten with the staples of a construction stapler.

For a solid version of the lathing, the thermal insulation material is laid inside the veranda, fixing it with the help of transverse slats added to the lathing.

The last stage is the laying of the roofing material. Ideally the same as the roof of the house.

Final works

Mount the subfloor joists to the wooden subfloor, between which it is necessary to install thermal insulation. Planks of the final floor are laid on top, which can be painted or varnished.

Insulate the floor of the veranda taking into account the climatic conditions of the region

Concrete floors can be finished in the same way as wood. And you can send it at your discretion, for example, put linoleum or tiles.

The last stage of construction is the installation of windows, doors and the improvement of the veranda. The better it is in the country, the more pleasant it will be to stay there in the summer.

It is not necessary to extend additional electrical wiring to the veranda. Here you can use an extension cord that is pulled out of the house, and lighting devices are connected to it.

Video: do-it-yourself diagram for the construction of a corner veranda

Almost everyone can handle the construction of a veranda. This is a great place to stay, which is a must for a summer cottage. Do not doubt the need for this extension. You will definitely enjoy spending your evenings in the cozy veranda room. Good luck!

Many individual home owners often think about new extensions. After all, when you yourself are the owner of a summer cottage or a personal plot, you definitely want to do something exclusive and as comfortable as possible. Consider one of the most common options for outbuildings - a veranda. At the same time, we will analyze the methods of its construction with our own hands.

The need for a veranda. Functions

The need for a veranda for your own home is obvious, because it is a place where the whole family can easily gather for a summer dinner with barbecue, and at the same time hide from the evening rain and watch its threads through the extensive windows. But at the same time, one would like to be able to warm up from the autumn wind while on the veranda. It is often assumed that a certain greenhouse should be placed inside such an annex. Hence the functions that this building should have:

good roof, preferably transparent or matte,
huge windows,
warm walls,
large space,
close connection with home.

Such an extension to the house is sometimes also called a terrace.

Design of possible options with a photo

For clarity, we present several options for an attached veranda. For example, here's a design for a simple summer house-related structure.

A simple open veranda does not protect from the cold

Here we see a classic version: the roof of a residential building is initially extended, then the hanging edge is supported by pillars, after which the floor is paved. The open veranda is ready. However, in autumn, as in the photo, it will be very cold and uncomfortable inside such a space.

Another thing is when the veranda is finished with glass. Then the wind will not blow into it. Here's a variation on a similar design.

Veranda with glass walls in the form of windows protects well from the wind

An even more reliable option in terms of heat is a capital veranda.

The building in this case looks more like a room in a house.

Here the terrace is, as it were, part of the house. The degree of glazing is also great, but there are solid walls and underfloor heating, powered by home heating or electric current. Although the feeling of the presence of the surrounding world is still created.

How to build with your own hands: step by step instructions

Project and drawing

We start with the design. It is necessary at this stage to determine the size of the veranda. The width of the building is usually taken no more than 3 m, otherwise the terrace will be too cumbersome. But as for the length, then the owners must decide for themselves whether to stretch the veranda to the whole house or not. Most often, a summer room is attached only to half or a third of the building.

Foundation. For the veranda, the columnar is the most successful option. At the same time, they simply lay in the project several metal or asbestos pipes, which will be dug into the ground, standing to the depth of soil freezing. Their insides will have to be concreted with reinforcing rods. It is advisable to connect the protruding pipe heads with a grillage - a concreted tape around the perimeter.
Walls. There is a consensus on this issue: it is better to use the same material from which the house is built, because each type of building element has its own degree of expansion. For example, a wooden veranda can deform slightly over time and "press" on a brick house. If the hut is made of logs, then a terrace made of boards will be just the way.
Roof. It is usually single-pitched. There is room for design ideas. Most often, a transparent roof is made, for example, of colored polycarbonate. You can use thick glass, but it is enough and just to extend the roof of the house, be it slate or shingles. The main thing is to withstand the necessary bias. Usually, the slope angle of the veranda roof is less than that of the roof slopes of the house, since the extension is not wide. The large slope angle of the veranda roof will underestimate its front part too much.

We will talk in more detail about the choice of suitable components at each stage of construction in the process of describing the general step-by-step instructions. Having decided on the materials and dimensions, they make a drawing or sketch.

Typical scheme-drawing of a veranda of a house

The figure indicates the dimensions of the future building, as well as important dimensions, for example, the distance between the connecting elements, the slope of the roof, etc.

Required materials and calculation with detailed examples

As an example, we will write down the instructions for the construction of a wooden frame for a lean-to veranda 3 meters long and 2 meters wide. The height of such an annex will be taken equal to 2 m directly near the house and 1.7 m from the front side.

For the construction of such a veranda, we will use the following components:

wooden beams 100 mm x 100 mm with a total length of 42 m,
logs in the form of wooden beams 50 mm x 100 mm each 3 m long (with a margin) - 4 pieces (for 3 meters of the building, according to building codes, 4 supports for the roof are enough),
edged boards 20 mm thick for walls, board dimensions: 200 mm x 3 m, 200 mm x 2 m, their total area is 10 m2,
boards for roof lathing with a thickness of 25 mm, with dimensions of 150 mm x 3 m, with a total area of 4.5 m2,
floor boards with an area of 2 mx 3 m, that is, an area of 6 m2, the size of the boards: 30 mm x 250 mm x 2 m,
nails about 2 kg.
a metal or asbestos pipe with a diameter of 100 mm for a foundation with a length of 1.5 m - 6 pieces (1 piece for each meter of the building's length is quite enough according to building codes),
polyethylene with an area of approximately 1 m2 (for 6 pipes),
mastic for coating pipe ends - 1 bucket,
fittings with a diameter of 8 mm - 12 rods (2 per pipe), 1.5 m each (according to the length of the pipes),
cement 15 kg,
sand 45 kg.

Let's show how the materials were calculated.

To pour concrete into the insides of pipes with a diameter of 100 mm inserted into the ground, you will need a little cement and sand. The total volume is equal to the product of the number of pipes by their volume. The latter is calculated as the product of the cross-sectional area of the pipe by its length: V = 0.1 x 0.1 x 1.5 = 0.015 m3. Here, for simplicity, the cross-sectional area of the pipe is taken as the cross-sectional area of a square 100 mm x 100 mm.

For six pipes, the volume will be as follows: V total. = 6 x 0.015 = 0.09 m3. Let's take the volume of solution we need equal to 0.1 m3. According to building codes, to prepare such a volume, it is enough to take 15 kg of cement and 45 kg of sand.

Let's also count the lumber. Beams 100 mm x 100 mm are needed as connecting elements of the frame.

We will have three horizontal straps, namely the lower perimeter at the floor level, the window sill perimeter, the same at the roof level.

We will also have vertical racks, according to the number of pipes, 6 pieces of 2 m high are enough. In total, summing up everything, we get the total length of the beams 100 mm x 100 mm: L = (2 m + 3 m + 2 m + 3 m) x 3 + 2 m x 6 = 42 m.

On the walls of a standard height of 1 meter for verandas, you will need the number of boards that will cover an area equal to the product of the perimeter of the building by a height of 1 m: S = (2 m + 3 m + 2 m + 3 m) x 1 = 10 m2.

Boards for lathing under the roofing will be mounted with slots equal to their width. Therefore, half the approximate area of the roof covering is sufficient. The latter is approximately 3 mx 3 m = 9 m2 (taking into account the slope of the roof). This means that 4.5 m2 is enough for us.

Construction tools

We need the following tools to work:

hacksaw,
hammer,
axe,
shovel for mixing the solution,
bayonet shovel for digging.

How to build: step by step instructions

First you need to mark the future veranda. Based on our own drawing, we find the installation points for the foundation pipes. The maximum possible step between such supports is 2 m. It is advisable to retreat at least 4 cm from the foundation of the house and also determine the places of the holes for the supports along the building.
The depth of the foundation pipe cavities should be about 1.5 m, depending on the region. The holes themselves can be dug with a shovel. There is an option to drill them with a universal hand drill. It is sold in many hardware supermarkets.
After preparing the cavities, they are filled with solid polyethylene for waterproofing, and then metal or asbestos-cement pipes are inserted into them. After that, two or three rods are pushed into each such element, and concrete is poured. The top end of each pipe must protrude at least 20 cm above the ground.
After the concrete has hardened, you can proceed with the installation of the floor. But first, you need to either make a grillage - connect all the pipes with concrete tape, or at least add rubble over the total area of the future veranda.
If the described manipulations are not done, debris will subsequently accumulate under the floor of the terrace, and the coating itself will be cold for the feet of the owners.
Consider an option without a grillage, when the entire planned area of the veranda is covered with rubble. It is both cheaper and easier. After filling our plot of land with stones, they need to be leveled with a shovel.
Next, it is necessary to lay wooden beams with a profile of 100 mm x 100 mm along pipes protruding from the ground, coated with mastic, fastening them in the corners with standard locks. These locks, made with an ax, are also called cuts or notches. Their options are shown in the diagram below. The future floor will rest on the described beams.

The diagram shows various types of locks for connecting beams, we use the simplest
In the next step, we build the veranda frame. Vertical posts are also made from beams with a section of 100 mm x 100 mm. We fasten them to the perimeter of the base. After installing the verticals, we cover the flooring with edged boards with a thickness of 30 mm. We nail the floorboards to the beams.
We install the window beams at a height of 1 m, at the same time fastening the verticals with them. The profile of the sill beams can also be 100 mm x 100 mm. To connect the beams in all cases, we use the classic lock, which was mentioned above. We also use screws or nails. All connections can be reinforced with metal corners. After installing the window sill beams outside the veranda, we nail the edged boards to close the space from the floor to the window sill beams.
We make the upper harness of the future veranda. To do this, we connect the verticals with the same beams, then we rely on this structure with standard joists for mounting the roof.
Important to remember! Since a typical veranda uses a pitched roof, the front verticals should end up lower than the rear ones, adjacent to the house, by about 30 cm.If we did not take this into account right away, you can take a hacksaw and saw off the standing beams.

The wooden frame of the veranda, in this case it is made close to the house, part of the frame rests on the foundation of the house, this option is acceptable
To erect the roof of the terrace, a crate is nailed onto the logs. Then the sheets of roofing material are fixed and the same solid material is laid, which decorates the slopes of the general house roof. There are also other options here that will provide an exclusive architectural form. For example, frames can be mounted on logs and "filled" with extra strong glass. This solution will provide additional heating of the room from the sun, even in winter.
On a note. In recent years, another possibility has become widespread: it is enough to fasten the sheets of polycarbonate used for the construction of greenhouses to the logs with screws. It is a very convenient and practical material. It bends well, which allows you to create arched structures. With its help, it is easy to make the most unusual roof at the veranda.
We may not fill the space for windows if an open veranda is enough for us. If it is decided that the building will be closed, it is enough to install ordinary glazed wooden frames. At the same time, window frames can be "equipped" with multi-colored glass, you get exclusive stained-glass windows, noticeable even from afar. A similar example can be studied in this photo.
Stained glass in the design of a wooden veranda, glass here is custom made
Special attention must be paid to the installation of the door. The opening for this element is initially laid in the project on the side of the terrace. In no case should you install the veranda door directly opposite the common house entrance, otherwise drafts cannot be avoided!

Final finishing of floors, walls and ceilings. How to insulate and what

In our example, the lower part of the veranda is trimmed with planks. It is easy to insulate such walls with foam plastic from the inside. You just need to glue the slabs of material with assembly glue. Outside, the plank walls are easy to "sheathe" with siding, it is screwed to the tree with self-tapping screws. For additional insulation, the insulating material on the inside can be finished with aesthetic panels, for example, made of plastic.

There is an option to close the space between the sill beams and the floor instead of boards with sandwich panels or OSB boards. In the latter case, it is enough to use sawdust enclosed in polyethylene as an insulating material.

Plastic sawdust bags are attached with metal mounting tape and nails. And the inner surface, after fixing the plastic bags with sawdust, is finished with plywood.

In conclusion, we suggest watching a video on the topic.

: How to attach a wooden summer terrace to the house

We have given design options and detailed instructions for the construction of a veranda, which is a continuation of a private house. It remains to add one last remark: when inventing an unusual, stylish veranda, do not forget about building codes and regulations, and also try to make sure that even at the stage of the project your veranda does not spoil the overall picture of the house.

Vladimir Molotilov
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Source: //legkovmeste.ru/stroitelstvo-i-remont/pristroyka-verandyi-k-domu.html

At some point in time, you think about the time to equip the veranda in your suburban summer cottage. If you choose the right materials and carry out high-quality finishing work, then the newly-made structure will be an excellent addition to an existing house.

You will not only have a summer recreation area with a brazier, but also increase the usable area of the building. Look at the photo of the veranda to clearly see the design features and building options.

Do-it-yourself veranda

Before proceeding with the independent construction of a veranda, look at typical designs of verandas with your own hands, instructions and diagrams.

The average summer resident, who has little experience in the field of construction, begins to confuse an extension with a regular terrace for relaxation. There are a lot of differences between the 2 buildings.

Despite the fact that the terrace is the main annex to the house, it is an open area. It does not look like a single structure with the house. In some cases, a small fence is erected and a fixed roof is erected.

The veranda is built in such a way that it becomes and looks like a single whole continuation of the structure of the house, complementing the overall ensemble of the structure, the extension of the veranda becomes an integral part of the building.

Simply put, a veranda is an additional room in the house, without a constant heating and ventilation system. Although, it is not difficult to establish the latter. One of the walls of the veranda becomes a single whole with the house, 3 walls completely cover with windows to the floor.

The choice of materials for the veranda

Step-by-step instructions on how to make a veranda begins with the choice of materials for the future extension, pay attention to those that were used in the construction of a country house or cottage. Most often it is a foam block or brick, in some cases the buildings are made of wooden beams.

The easiest way is to make a veranda from a wooden bar, if your house is from the same material, you are in luck. There are wireframe schemes from ready-made elements, in our article we will consider a wooden veranda with our own hands.

Different roofing materials are used for the final finishing of the lid. As with the extension itself, you should focus on the roof of the house. You can use shingles, slate, polycarbonate, natural shingles and other materials.

Veranda foundation

Like the construction of an ordinary house, they begin to build a veranda from the arrangement of the very foundation, that is, the foundation. Of course, it will be good if you already have a ready-made veranda project attached to the project of your apartment building or summer cottage.

Then the foundation will be executed in parallel and combined with the main project of the house.

The optimal choice for the base of the veranda, like the gazebo, is a columnar structure using brick supports.

The step of the supporting structures should be 50-70 cm.

We place the foundation according to a pre-planned project with a base depth of 100 centimeters or more. The sand layer at the bottom of the pit should be about 20 cm, then press it. In the case of sandy or problem soil, rubble is added to the sand.

From above, the backfill is poured with molten bitumen. After hardening, this material becomes an excellent waterproofing. Then a layer of concrete mortar is laid on the surface of the pit. We use leveling tools to achieve a perfectly flat surface.

We spread brick supports on the foundation. Focus on the height of the flooring 25-30 cm below the base of the house itself, so that the roof of the future veranda can be brought under the roof structure of the country house.

The height of the extension will fully correspond to the premises of ordinary rooms. For better waterproofing, brick supports are coated with bitumen. The voids are covered with rubble.

Veranda frame

The foundation of the veranda and the foundations are ready, you can start building the frame of the structure for a warm veranda with your own hands. We chose a veranda made of wood, as this design is simpler and more aesthetically pleasing. For the construction of the veranda, a wooden beam with a section of 100 x 100 mm is used.

At the first stage of construction, a strapping from a bar is placed on the foundation supports and the structure is connected to each other using a "thorn-groove" or using metal brackets.

Vertical structural elements are fastened using galvanized self-tapping screws, staples or nails of the required length. In some cases, wood pins are used, when holes for their installation are prepared in advance.

Support posts located vertically are installed in those places where the installation of windows and doors will be carried out. When the area of the extension is equal to the length of the wall of the house or the simple is large, additional supports are used.

A strapping bar is mounted on the racks, fixed to the anchor bolts.

Roof for veranda

The simplest roof design for a veranda is a shed structure with a soft bituminous roof. Roofs with horizontal structures are not very convenient from an operational point of view.

Do-it-yourself photo of the veranda

Source: //mojdominfo.ru/veranda-svoimi-rukami/

A veranda in a private house is a covered terrace, which is often attached to the house with your own hands. It is located along the main wall and is a non-heated room for a pleasant pastime in the summer season.

You can often find modern glazed terraces, you can stay in them in any weather.

When making it with your own hands, you must observe the general ensemble of a country or country house, observe a single style and use the same materials in construction.

In a country house from logs it is better to make a summer log terrace located next to the main building.

The construction of a veranda in wooden log cabins is often carried out in conjunction with the construction of the main house and its roof smoothly transitions into the roof of the extension, which has a wall adjacent to the house, a single roofing material is used.

In this article, we will go through step by step the main points of building a terrace of two types: open or closed, with our own hands.

General provisions for the construction of a veranda

Modern construction of country houses, country cottages, at the design stage, provide for the construction of a veranda for the house. In order to save money, the customers remove the process of erecting outbuildings, for further completion of it with their own hands. Let's consider the main points to which you need to pay attention from the generalized experience of building terraces on your own.

The parameters by which the verandas differ:

How it is located in relation to the house: corner construction, from the end or along the facade of the house.
Security level: open or closed (glazed) annex. You can use modern materials to make an open veranda out of a closed veranda, this is achieved by sliding doors.
In what design is it made: built-in - a foundation common with the house or attached - its own foundation.
Construction shape: rectangle, semicircle, polygon.

Veranda project

We must not forget, when making an extension project near the house, that its purpose is to improve the performance of the main structure: to make it spacious, add beauty, comfort. The closed terrace also has the function of improving the thermal performance of the house. For the correct construction of the structure of the summer extension, it is necessary to follow the rules that are indicated in the developed project.

What the project consists of:

Determine where we will build the veranda in the main house. The main aspect is the observance of the aesthetic perception of the entire architecture of your own house together with the veranda. Important! Experts recommend equipping a veranda in regions with high summer temperatures on the west or east side of the main house. It will be less exposed to direct sunlight.
It is necessary to indicate the place of entrance to the terrace (veranda). The entrance from the outside and the entrance from the house are indicated. You can make a through passage through the veranda when the door to the house is opposite the entrance to the veranda, this method is not welcome, since there is a risk of getting drafts.
We select the type of doors and the place of their installation.
We decide on the total size of the summer room located along the house. The length is often taken equal to the length of the wall along which the veranda is being built. The width is usually taken in the range from 3 meters to 7 meters, the main thing is to keep the proportion. Choosing the size of the veranda, we correlate them to the overall dimensions of the house in order to maintain a single ensemble of the exterior of the building.

A good example of building a veranda with your own hands, when its project is done at the design stage of the whole house.

How to build a veranda in a wooden house?

Let's go through the construction of a veranda in a wooden house with our own hands step by step. It should be noted that an extension to the house can be started only after its complete shrinkage.

Log houses, or made of timber, sit down actively for three years, during this period it is better not to build an extension, otherwise the walls may be skewed.

How to start construction?

House remodeling should be reflected in permits. To obtain these permits, you must contact the regional department of architecture and submit the documents:

The right to own a land plot (land on which the house stands).
Design documentation for the main building.
Written consent of all registered tenants in the house for reconstruction, an extension of the veranda.
The developer's application for the registration of the extension.

It is advisable to start drawing up documents for a construction permit 3-4 months before the start of work... From the generalized experience of private developers, this is a lengthy procedure.

It is possible to build an extension without permits, but in this case, problems may arise when the house is inherited or you want to sell it.

The reason lies in the change in the total area of the house, since the veranda is part of it, and the total area of the residential building is considered with it. The BTI department may regard this as an unauthorized decision to increase the area for housing.

This is especially appreciated when the terrace is covered with heating.

There is no need to get carried away and make deviations in the dimensions of the terrace, which are indicated in the project. A simple check will easily find out, and a fine will follow with correcting the documentation. For what unauthorized developers can expect joining a veranda to the house specified in the law of the Russian Federation.

Preparing for construction, choosing material

After determining the place of construction of the veranda, it must be prepared. The construction site begins along the selected wall, therefore, before starting all work, you must:

If there is a visor above the main entrance, remove it.
Dismantle the porch.
Clean the entire area under the veranda of debris and bushes.
Prepare a place for storing building materials. It will be much easier to build a summer extension when the materials for it are selected in advance.

What tool and material do we need?

When a wooden extension is made with your own hands, you need a tool:

Having construction skills you need: a hacksaw, an ax.
Power tool: sledgehammer, hammer.
Marking: tape measure, plumb line, level, marking cord, corner.
For the foundation: shovel

If a metal frame is made, a welding unit and a grinder with a disc for cutting metal are additionally prepared. A frame of this type is considered the most economical for the construction of an extension.

It will look better brick veranda or wooden... Important! Observe the conformity of the materials of the extension and the main house.

A wooden summer extension requires the following material:

Lumber: timber, log, board, rail.
Elements of wooden fasteners.
Mixtures with protective functions for wood.
Building material: crushed stone, concrete.
You will need drying oil and roofing felt.
Choosing a material for the roof of the veranda.
Window and door systems.

In the construction of an additional room, for summer recreation, using metal corners, instead of wooden materials use a metal profile, compositions for metal processing.

For a better view, you can make an extension (walls and roof) of polycarbonate, the panorama will be full and panoramic. The positive properties of this material include the ability to keep heat well, it is allowed to be used for walls and roofs.

Advice! Materials that will be used in construction and requiring pretreatment must go through this process before construction.

The foundation for the veranda

The first thing to do is to determine the type of foundation for your veranda. A popular species is columnar foundation, since it is not tied to the base of the capital construction (house). If the veranda is equipped for a long time and thoroughly, it needs a strip foundation.

Before making the foundation, you need to refer to the documents for the construction of the house, where it is indicated on what soil it stands, from this you can choose type of foundation for an extension... Parameters to pay attention to:

What is the soil's ability to absorb moisture.
What is the composition of the soil at the construction site of the veranda.
To what depth does the soil freeze through in the region of residence.
How close the groundwater is to the surface.
General provisions of soil stability.

Choosing the type of foundation for the veranda, we pay attention to the foundation of the main building, its structure, in what condition the load-bearing walls. After choosing the foundation, it is done soil marking for further work.

Advice! A small wooden veranda will stand quite well on a columnar foundation at the corners of the extension. For wide and long verandas, the installation of pillars is used every 600 millimeters along the length and width of the extension.

Columnar foundation, how to make it?

The base (foundation) for the extension is just as important as for the main house, it must be made of high-quality material. Work order:

We dig holes for pillars to a depth of at least 100 centimeters, its depth cannot be less than the depth of the foundation under the main structure. The level of soil freezing is taken into account, the hole should be deeper than this level.
At the bottom of the dug holes we make a pillow, this is a mixture of sand and gravel. The pillow can be made in layers, sand, crushed stone.
Fill the pillow with concrete.
We lay out support posts from brick when the main house is brick. If the main house is wooden, wooden beams are used as posts. Metal supports or asbestos pipes are used in columnar foundations for a frame veranda.

The veranda looks beautiful when it is on the level of the 2nd floor of the house... In this case, the ground part of the extension support is displayed at the level of the main foundation under the house. When a house with a high basement, it is recommended to display the veranda according to its level.

Making a strip foundation

It is used if a heavy glazed veranda is planned. For its arrangement, a trench is dug around the perimeter of the future veranda, and formwork is installed. It is placed a little higher than it is planned to fill the foundation with concrete.

After the foundation has been poured with concrete, it is periodically moistened with water until it is fully formed, this is necessary for uniform solidification of the foundation.

We make the frame of the veranda

For a wooden house, the veranda frame begins with laying the timber on the supports in the lower harness. In the corners we use a "dovetail" for sawing, it's better join the timber at the corners... For reliability, nails are used, you can mount a dowel.

A bar for a wooden veranda is used with a section: 100x100 or 180x80 millimeters. When logs are used in the harness, their cross-section should not be more than 120 millimeters. Supports near the wall are made higher than the rest to form a pitched roof.

When the frame is mounted, horizontally installed beams are the basis for the windowsill if glazing is provided.

The upper harness completes the installation of the veranda frame, it is the basis for the rafters, and creates rigidity for the entire system.

Temporary spacers must be used to avoid skewing in the frame structure.

Veranda roof

After having decided on the material for covering the roof, they begin to install the battens on the rafters, which are attached to the upper harness.

Structurally for verandas are offered the following types of roofing:

Shed roof. It is a simple construction, easy to carry out. Requires a slope from the main wall of the house towards the street.
Gable roof. It is used if the veranda is attached from the end of the house with the narrow side.
Polygonal roof. Its design is varied, the main thing is to observe the slope for water drainage.

The rafter system is installed based on the selected material:

Lathing for metal tiles, slate and ondulin
Solid decking is made for flexible roofing materials.

Veranda floor

With your own hands, the floor is made simply:

We install the logs on the lower trim of the veranda structure. The distance between the lags is no more than 100 centimeters. We install them perpendicular to the floorboard.
We cover the logs, checked by the level of the floorboard.

If you plan to build open veranda Many people agree on installing a floor with a slight slope for the water drain. The board is fastened with self-tapping screws, the length of which is two board widths. It is necessary to soak the floorboards with a solution that resists the creation of fungal deposits.

Conclusion

Some finishing elements can be carved in a wooden veranda. The arrangement of furniture on the terrace is of great importance, it will create an interior and add coziness. Flowers and plants will enliven the room, give the feeling of a continuation of the residential building.

Anna Nikolaevna Miroshnichenko
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There are a huge number of options for assembling and installing veranda extensions to a country house. But a more economical and simpler option would be to assemble the frame structure. This extension will look good next to a timber frame house. What building materials and tools will be needed for self-installation and extension and how the installation of this one is carried out, we will describe below in our article.

In the definition itself, it can be seen that the basis of the entire structure is a load-bearing, made of edged. In addition to the main frame, other parts of the frame building are also produced from the timber - these are the lower and corner posts.

Standard posts and lintels are made from ordinary boards.

With the help of boards, both the future and the veranda are indicated.

In this case, the thickness of the racks is equal to the thickness, and the width of the step between the wooden racks is determined based on the width of the insulation layer.

For example, if a private house is located in the northern region, then the thickness of the insulation layer must be at least 15 cm. Based on this, we can conclude that the width of the lumber will be exactly 150 mm x 100 mm or 150 mm. The step size is observed within 60 cm, because the width of the insulation board will be exactly 60 cm.

After assembly and installation of the frame structure, an insulating layer is laid. Before this procedure, and is necessarily carried out. After the completion of the insulation work, a rough sheathing of the entire structure is performed using DSP sheets.

The most common material for rough veranda cladding is a panel. This panel has a higher resistance to moisture and mechanical stress than other materials. All OSB panels have fairly high strength indicators. Below we will consider what other materials are used as cladding for a frame house and outbuildings.

Construction of a veranda to a wooden house

Frame modern ones provide for a certain number of installation and installation options for the veranda.

In the west, a variety of methods and options are used that make it possible to build not only extensions, but also small one-story houses. A beginner specialist can easily choose a design option for his veranda: it can be frame-panel, or frame-frame construction.

The type of panel construction provides for the quick assembly of existing panels, which have window and door openings. The specifics of these works are more reminiscent of the assembly of a children's designer, because all elements and parts are assembled and fastened together. These panels are produced according to individual orders, since their size must strictly coincide with the dimensions of the filled one. But if you need to make an extension that is more complicated in terms of technology, then you need to apply the frame-frame construction of the veranda.

The frame type of construction involves the assembly of panels directly at the site where construction work is carried out. In terms of quality and reliability, as well as durability, such technologies are in no way inferior to other construction options.

Frame construction was used by the Indians, and later it migrated to European and Western countries. When building a panel and frame type, it is not difficult to produce a finishing one. You will not need to wait for time for the shrinkage of building materials, and the work itself is carried out in any season and time of the year. The most important advantage of frame extensions to the house is the presence of a thermos effect, i.e. heat in a safe insulated house will linger several times longer than in ordinary residential buildings.

Instructions for installing a frame extension to the house

Before you start building, you need to prepare all the necessary tools and consumable building materials. You will need the following items: bitumen, crushed stone, broken brick, concrete mix and gypsum mortar. From the construction site you will need: an electric saw, a drill, a grinder, a sledgehammer, a hammer, a shovel and an ax.

At the first stage of construction, it is necessary to prepare a veranda for an extension.

It can be formed as follows:

you need to dig a pit into which a crushed stone pillow will be poured.
Next, you will need to install reinforced and form the formwork.
After that, fill the finished foundation with a special mixture. Next, form a frame extension, install a strapping around the entire perimeter, at least 150 mm wide. You can also use wider beams then in the cold season it will be cool enough in the house.

After installing the entire corner posts, at least 15x15 cm wide. Small sizes can also be used, but for the quality and reliability of the frame extension to the house, we recommend using posts with the indicated types of dimensions. Installation of all racks is carried out according to the building level. The next step will be the installation of additional wooden racks around the perimeter. The step is 150 cm, and will depend on the thickness of the racks.

Before installing additional racks, you need to calculate where the plates will be located. This calculation is done so that it is not necessary to cut the insulation panels. After that, the upper harness is laid. It is mounted according to the same principle as the lower strapping, with a release beyond the crown up to 30 cm.

After installing the harness, a wooden one is installed on the upper crown, which acts as a wooden frame for roofs. Glassine is installed on the lathing as a specific insulating building material. It is needed as a special safety material, which perfectly protects in the event of a veranda leak.

Installation and installation of the roof of the veranda

Veranda roof

Roofing material for the veranda is chosen primarily based on financial capabilities. To date, the cheapest is an ordinary slate sheet 175 cm long.

On the roof of a small frame extension to the house, you may need up to 30 sheets of this material. The exact number of sheets will depend on how wide the overlap is. As a rule, installation is done with an overlap of 10 cm.

replace with other building materials- Today the market offers a huge number of options. The most affordable option for roofing is the use of roll. But you can use it only in cases where a certain protection from moisture or cold is not required from a frame wooden extension.

The final stage of work

After installing the roof, you can proceed with installation and. Initially, a sub-floor is mounted, on top of which sheets of insulation building material or glassine are laid. Only after this procedure can you engage in the installation and installation of the finished floor.

After completing the installation of the floor, you can carry out the insulation of the veranda extension, starting from the walls. They are insulated in the same way as floors - first of all, heat-insulating sheets are laid, and only after that they are covered with glassine for special protection from moisture. Penofol can be used instead of glassine. After the completion of the wall insulation stage, the ceiling insulation can be carried out - all insulation panels are securely attached to the ceiling lathing using self-tapping screws or special dowels.

After completing all the insulation work, you can safely start finishing the walls and floors.

The following building materials are used for finishing: platbands, fillets, plinths and strips. Everything needs to be installed in the right places.

With the use of the correct installation technology and installation of the insulation layer and with the correct erection of the frame, the entire frame structure will serve you reliably and efficiently for a long time.

It can also be an ordinary frame extension to the house. It is worth noting that the structure itself is erected from various building materials. An extension to a country house from has a lot of advantages. One of them is long service life. The extension has various functions. If you need a recreation room, then the frame extension to the house will fulfill this desire. The extension is built on a variety of types. But the best foundation will be considered both financially and qualitatively.