Range of pipes and fittings made of polypropylene. Polypropylene pipes

Evgeny Sedov

When your hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

A modern, affordable and reliable solution for centralized and decentralized systems - polypropylene pipes for heating (PPR, PPR), ordinary or reinforced with fiberglass, aluminum. Such products are characterized by resistance to aggressive substances and chemical solvents, durability, they are not subject to corrosive processes, therefore polypropylene pipes are so popular for heating.

What is polypropylene pipes

Metal is being replaced by a more modern material - polypropylene for heating, which is a kind of thermoplastic polymer. Just ten years ago, products were made from pure material and did not have the best pressure and high temperature resistance. Today, the range of polypropylene pipes for heating has expanded significantly, each type has its own technical characteristics.

Types

The characteristics of polypropylene pipes are determined by their type. Initially, PPR products were widely used - the simplest systems. Their declared service life is much lower than that stated, due to the temperature and pressure of the water, deformations occurred. Manufacturers modified the material and the following classification appeared on the consumer market:

• PPH (type 1) is a homopolymer formulated for industrial piping, cold water supply and ventilation systems;
• PPB (type 2) is a random copolymer with polyethylene in structure, which can be used in cold water supply systems and floor heating systems;
• PPR (type 3) - polypropylene with ethylene, which is characterized by high heat resistance;
• PP-RCT (type 4) is a polymer similar to type 3, but with a denser structure, reinforced with aluminum or fiberglass.

Marking

Before purchasing, carefully study the markings on the first ones. The type must be indicated on the products: PPH, PPB, PPR, PP-RCT. 1, 2 types are not suitable for heating. Domestic manufacturers label products in accordance with GOST standards with an operation class. Only class 5 is suitable for a heating system, and classes 3 and 4 are also used for a warm floor. Working pressure is also indicated on the side of the product. The PN25 designation indicates that the pipe can withstand 25 atmospheres per day.

Manufacturers

On the construction market there are polypropylene pipes for heating from all over the world. The sheer number of manufacturers and their products can mislead an inexperienced buyer. The choice should not be based on whether the product is cheap or expensive, whether there are promotions, discounts or sales for the material. The purchase must be based on the technical characteristics of the products and the reliability of the seller. Czech and German companies have earned particular trust of consumers.

Wavin

Builders and repairmen are likely to have heard about the high quality of Czech products from Vavin Ecoplastic. These products occupy leading positions in the ratings of online sanitary ware stores. Experienced craftsmen know where to order the products of this company from catalogs with mail delivery so as not to overpay. One of the popular options is the following:

• model name: Ekoplastik PN20 25x4.2;
• price: 62 rubles per meter;
• characteristics: 25 mm diameter, service life - 50 years, wall thickness - 4.2 mm, operating temperature - up to 700 ° C;
• pluses: the presence of an oxygen protective layer;
• cons: withstands pressure only up to 10 bar.

To solve different problems and operating conditions, Vavin produces several versions of its products. With significant loads on the system, experts recommend using the following form:

• model name: Ekoplastik PN20 40x6.7;
• price: 165 rubles / m;
• characteristics: operating temperature - up to 700 ° C, allowable pressure - up to 20 bar, wall thickness - 6.7 mm;
• pluses: withstands high pressure, suitable for central and local heating;
• cons: high cost.

RVC

Polymer heating systems are a narrow specialization of the Plastic company, which manufactures products under the RVK trademark. Production is located in Russia, which ensures an affordable cost of production. RVKs are manufactured in accordance with European standards. Raw materials and equipment are imported from Europe.

• model name: PP pipe int. reinforcement with aluminum PN25 20X3.4 L2M RVK;
• price: 58 rubles / m;
• characteristics: wall thickness - 3.4 mm, diameter - 25 mm, internal aluminum reinforcement, marking - PPRC, operating temperature - up to 900 ° C;
• pluses: high permissible operating temperature, withstands high pressure;
• cons: requires soldering during installation.

Heating using RVK products means low heat loss due to low thermal conductivity, long service life, and minimal pressure losses. The quality of Russian products is ensured not only by raw materials and technologies that comply with standards, but also by specialists who are constantly improving their level, adopting the experience of colleagues from Europe. Glass fiber-reinforced products are reliable and inexpensive:

• model name: glass fiber reinforced PN25 20X3.4 L2M RVK;
• price: 49 rubles / m;
• characteristics: operating temperature - up to 900 ° C, wall thickness - 3.4 mm;
• pluses: affordable price, ability to withstand high temperatures and pressure;
• cons: requires soldering during installation.

Prices for polypropylene pipes and fittings from the Russian company Pro Aqua are affordable, while the quality remains at the same level. One of the main advantages of Pro Aqua products is durability. Under normal operating conditions, the manufacturer promises a 50-year guaranteed service life. Resistance to aggressive media, alkalis, high pressures and temperatures is required for the use of products for central heating circuits:

• model name: PN25 stabi. Pro Aqua 20 mm;
• price: 83 rubles / m;
• characteristics: aluminum reinforcement, pressure up to 20 bar, operating temperature - up to 900 ° C, service class - 5;
• pluses: impact resistance, bendability, high permissible operating temperature;
• cons: welding is required for installation.

Three-layer polypropylene pipes reinforced with fiberglass are one of the achievements of Pro Aqua. The main advantage of such products is a low coefficient of linear expansion, which is especially important when arranging heating units. One of the popular options for fiberglass-reinforced products is the following model:

• model name: RUBIS SDR7.4. Pro Aqua 25 mm;
• price: 82 rubles / m;
• characteristics: nominal pressure - 25.7 bar, operating temperature - up to 900 ° C, operation class - 5;
• pluses: low coefficient of linear expansion;
• cons: with prolonged contact with the sun's rays, the destruction of products may occur.

The German company Banninger supplies the market with PP-RCT polypropylene products for heating and plumbing. Banninger polypropylene pipes are available in green or white. The products are characterized by high resistance to acids and alkalis. The high quality of the products makes it possible to use them not only in household but also on an industrial scale. The budget version of the product has won popularity among consumers:

• model name: Banninger PP-RCT PN16 20x2,3
• price: 53 rubles / m;
• characteristics: working temperature - up to 700 ° C, working pressure - 16 bar, wall thickness - 2.3 mm;
• pluses: affordable cost;
• cons: low permissible temperature.

There is another option:

• model name: Banninger PP-RCT Watertec PN20 32x3.6;
• price: 180 rubles / m;
• characteristics: fiberglass reinforcement, operating temperature - up to 700 ° C, operating pressure - 20 atmospheres;
• pluses: low coefficient of linear expansion, tear resistance, good thermal insulation qualities, minimizing losses from the coolant;
• cons: low operating temperature.

The German company Wefatherm is engaged in the production of systems for plumbing and heating. The peculiarity of Wefatherm is the perfect smoothness of the inner surface. This property helps to minimize pressure loss. Experts say that the products of this company are characterized by excellent resistance to pressure and temperature changes.

Over the long period of the company's existence, the wear resistance and durability of pipes from a German manufacturer have been confirmed. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the products are resistant to sunlight. For heating systems, it is often used:

• model name: Wefatherm Stabi SDR 7.4 PN 20 32 X 4.4;
• price: 440 rubles / m;
• characteristics: PP-RCT, operating temperature - 700 ° C, permissible increase - up to 1000 ° C, diameter - 32 mm;
• pluses: reliability, durability, resistance to chemicals and sunlight;
• cons: high price.

One of Wefatherm's unique developments, which is becoming increasingly popular, is fiber reinforcement. Such systems are easy to install, the material does not delaminate during operation. Such products are characterized by exceptional smoothness of the inner walls. Low coefficient of thermal expansion, environmental friendliness, high chemical resistance make products reinforced with fiber fibers ideal for heating systems. The only drawback is that the price of the products of the German manufacturer is too high:

• model name: SDR 7,4 Faser PN20 Wefatherm 90 х 12,3 mm
• price: 604 rubles / m;
• characteristics: fiber reinforcement,
• pluses: simplified installation, pipes do not delaminate when exposed to high temperatures, exceptional smoothness of the walls, which ensures minimal pressure loss;
• cons: thermal expansion is higher than that of glass-reinforced models, high price.

Heisskraft

Heisskraft is a Russian company. The manufacturer claims that the pipes are manufactured in Germany, but the plant is located in the town of Pushkino, Moscow Region. Although this deception of the manufacturer has already ceased to be a secret, PT Heisskraft continues to be popular with consumers, because the quality of the products is at a decent level.

The peculiarity of Heisskraft is that it contains technical soot. The substance has established itself as an excellent stabilizer for such products, therefore, it improves the technical characteristics of the product.

• model name: KraftStabi S3,2 (SDR7,4) PN16;
• price: 52 rubles / m;
• characteristics: reinforcement with aluminum foil, up to 900 ° C;
• pluses: affordable price, resistance to chemicals, no need to use metal fittings during installation;
• cons: the process of destruction begins with prolonged contact with sunlight.

For hot water supply systems, centralized and decentralized heating, Heisskraft has developed the FestFaser thermo-stabilized glass fiber reinforced pipe. Such systems are used in multi-storey construction.

• model name: FestFaser (SDR 6) PN 25;
• price: 520 rubles / m;
• characteristics: PN 25, T max 95 ° C, SDR 6;
• pluses: stability and preservation of characteristics during prolonged exposure to hot water, minimal linear expansion, material is not prone to delamination, increased strength;
• cons: high cost.

How to choose polypropylene pipes for heating

On the modern Russian market, polypropylene pipes for heating are offered by dozens of companies from all over the world. Sorting out the widest range can be tricky. The main thing is to pay attention to the characteristics of polypropylene and to the reputation of the manufacturer, because the manufacturer's statements do not always correspond to the real state of affairs. Before purchasing PP products, consider the following selection factors:

1. Operating pressure. The number in the marking should be slightly less than the system requires.
2. Temperature. The pipe must be designed for hot water, otherwise it cannot be used for heating.
3. Reinforcement. This factor is optional, but it is better to choose models of polypropylene products with such an advantage. Reinforcement can be fiberglass or aluminum.
4. Diameter. The indicator for this parameter cannot be less than the internal section of the risers.
5. Manufacturer. It is important to take into account when buying who manufactures the products. Companies that have been in this market segment for a long time and have earned the trust of consumers are preferable to little-known one-day businesses.
6. Cost. This point does not mean that it is worth chasing the lowest price and buying the cheapest products. It is unlikely that a pipe "for three kopecks" will be reliable and durable. Choose the right price-performance ratio so that your products last a long time and withstand all the loads.

Polypropylene pipes, widely used for the installation of heating systems, cold and hot water supply, as well as other engineering systems, are represented by a fairly wide range. Different types of products have different characteristics and scope. Therefore, when choosing pipe products, it is important to understand which polypropylene pipe is best suited for certain purposes.

Features of marking polypropylene pipes

In order to choose the right types and characteristics of PP pipes, you need to pay attention to their marking. First of all, you need to pay attention to the designations that characterize the working pressure and temperature of pipe products. The current standardization system classifies polypropylene pipes into 4 groups:

• PN10 - polypropylene pipes designed for an operating pressure of 10 atmospheres and an operating temperature of up to +45 ° С. These products have thin walls and can only be used to transport cold liquids;
• PN16 - PP pipes designed for operating pressure up to 16 atmospheres and operating temperature up to +60 ° С. Not intended for hot water supply and heating systems;
• PN20 - polypropylene pipes designed for operating pressures up to 20 atmospheres and operating temperatures up to 95 ° С. They can be used in heating and hot water supply systems, however, due to significant temperature deformation, their use in these systems is limited;
• PN25 - polypropylene pipes designed for operating pressures up to 25 atmospheres and operating temperatures up to 95 ° С. Polypropylene pipes PN 25 are produced in a reinforced design. A layer of aluminum foil or glass fiber serves as a reinforcing element. The use of an additional reinforcing layer significantly increases the strength characteristics and reduces thermal deformation. This ensures that reinforced pipes for heating and hot water supply are optimally suited.

Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene pipes

When installing heating systems, the question often arises as to which pipes are better: polypropylene, metal-plastic or metal. To determine this issue, it is important to consider all the advantages and disadvantages, as well as the characteristics of polypropylene pipes.

The main advantages of reinforced polypropylene pipes are their following features:

It is also necessary to consider the disadvantages characteristic of pipes made of this material. The main disadvantage for heating systems is, of course, the high value of the coefficient of linear expansion. This can lead to deformation of pipelines and their exit from the fasteners, which is often accompanied by depressurization at the joints and causes leaks. In this regard, it is recommended to use reinforced PP pipes, in which the coefficient of thermal expansion is significantly lower. However, reinforcement does not completely eliminate thermal deformation, therefore, the installation technology provides for the installation of attachment points and expansion joints at regular intervals.

Another disadvantage is that polypropylene pipes are not subject to deformation during installation. Therefore, special fittings are necessarily used to perform turns. In addition, it is important to consider the negative effects of solar radiation, which can cause accelerated aging of the material, when performing installation work and placing pipelines.

In general, we can say that the ratio of the advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene pipes determines their high efficiency when used as part of heating systems, as well as in other engineering networks.

Features of the choice of polypropylene pipes

When choosing polypropylene pipes, four main parameters must be considered:

• maximum operating temperature;
• maximum working pressure;
• diameter;
• coefficient of linear expansion.

The values \u200b\u200bof these parameters should be related to the purpose and operating conditions of the pipelines to be installed.

The maximum operating temperature makes it possible to use pipes of a certain brand for completing engineering systems for a specific purpose. So, pipes PN10 and PN16 can only be used for transporting cold water. PN20 products can be used for hot water systems, and PN25 pipes are best suited for heating.

For domestic systems, pipes with almost any working pressure can be used. However, the value of this parameter, especially in combination with temperature, directly determines the service life of products. That is why, for operation as part of a heating system, it is necessary to choose pipes designed for the highest working pressure.

The diameter of a polypropylene pipe determines its throughput, which determines the possibility of using it in certain conditions. For example, a 32 mm or 40 mm polypropylene pipe is used for the installation of risers. Internal wiring is used with a 20 mm polypropylene pipe. Also for the same purpose, polypropylene pipes of 25 mm can be used.

The coefficient of linear expansion is an important parameter that determines the degree of change in the geometry of the product under the influence of high temperature. Depending on this coefficient, the possibility of using pipes for heating or hot water supply is determined, as well as the method of their installation. So, PN20 pipes have a higher coefficient of linear expansion, so they are not allowed to be laid in a closed way. Deformation of the pipe when it is heated can lead to destruction of the plaster. With an open method of laying, more frequent installation of fasteners and expansion joints is required. PN25 have a much lower coefficient of linear expansion, which allows them to be installed both inside walls and outside.

Range of polypropylene pipes

Depending on the composition of the material, the following types of polypropylene pipes are distinguished:

• PPH is a hard plastic polypropylene homopolymer. Differs in weak resistance to high temperatures, therefore it is used exclusively in cold water supply networks, in ventilation and air conditioning systems;
• PPB is a complex block copolymer of polypropylene and polyethylene. Differs in high elasticity, has sufficient temperature resistance. Thanks to this, PPB pipes can be used for the installation of underfloor heating. They are also used in water supply networks, ventilation systems, industrial pipelines;
• PPR (PPCR) is a random copolymer of polypropylene, in the molecular chain of which ethylene molecules are present. Pipes made of this material can be used as part of hot water supply and heating systems at a maximum coolant temperature of up to 70 ° C.
• PPs. Flame retardant polypropylene homopolymer. The most suitable material for the production of pipes for heating systems. Withstands operating temperatures up to 95 ° С.

Color of polypropylene pipes

Polypropylene pipes can be produced in four color options: white, gray, black, green. The color depends on the composition and properties of pipe products, which determines the scope of its application.

White and gray pipes are widely used for the installation of almost all utilities, including heating and water supply systems. A limitation in the use of white pipes is their low frost resistance, which does not allow their use in outdoor conditions.

As for gray pipes, they have the following advantages:

• ability to withstand significant working pressure;
• high chemical and temperature resistance;
• significant durability;
• easy installation by soldering.

Black polypropylene pipes are used for the installation of sewerage and drainage systems. Thanks to the use of special additives, they have the following features:

• high resistance to aggressive substances;
• increased strength characteristics;
• resistance to ultraviolet radiation;
• long service life.

Green pipes are the cheapest type of product. They are used in private homes and summer cottages for irrigation systems.

Corrugated polypropylene pipes

Corrugated polypropylene pipes are a special type. They are used to create sewage systems, drainage systems, storm sewers, drainage. Modern products of this type are designed to accept waste water with temperatures up to 60 ° C, and with short-term exposure up to 100 ° C.

Today, two-layer corrugated polypropylene pipes are produced. They have the following advantages:

• high chemical resistance;
• increased level of ring stiffness;
• excellent dielectric properties;
• maintaining high throughput throughout the entire service life;
• high resistance to abrasive wear;
• long service life.

Features of the installation of polypropylene pipes

Installation of polypropylene pipes is carried out by thermal polyfusion. Its essence is in heating the parts to be joined using a special soldering iron to a temperature of about 260 ° C, after which they are quickly connected.

When brazing polypropylene pipes, it is very important to comply with the technological requirements for the heating time, which depends on the following factors:

• diameter of pipes to be connected;
• ambient temperature;
• width of the welding belt.

Heating provides the necessary plasticity of the material, which is maintained for several seconds. Therefore, it is very important to quickly fix the joint assembly, while ensuring the correct position of the mating parts. It is also important to avoid excessive heat that can deform the pipes.

Optimal heating time when welding polypropylene pipes of different diameters:

• with a diameter of 20 mm: 8-9 seconds;
• with a diameter of 25 mm: 9-10 seconds;
• with a diameter of 32 mm: 10-12 seconds.

The same time is needed to fix the connection. If this requirement is violated, deformation of the connection may occur, which will lead to its depressurization.

Sale of polypropylene pipes

The Lammin trademark sells polypropylene pipes and fittings from the manufacturer in bulk. Here you have the opportunity to order a wide range of products of excellent quality, perfectly adapted for durable and reliable operation in heating systems. At the same time, we have favorable prices for.

And the high performance characteristics of polypropylene pipelines in water supply and heating systems are only the tip of the iceberg. For the correct operation of the installed communications, it is not enough to choose the type of polymer pipe and buy the material in the required quantity - preliminary design sketches are required, and for large objects - serious thermal and hydraulic calculations. For the heating system to be effective, polypropylene pipes for heating must have a diameter confirmed by these calculations.

Let us consider in more detail the significance of the size of the diameter of polypropylene pipes in the construction of pipelines.

Pipe material for communications. What are the parameters of the pipe

Questions of how the water supply should look like, what diameter of pipes should be in the main supplying heat, are solved at the stage of designing life support systems in the house. As a result, the diameter of polypropylene pipes for water supply can often differ from the identical size of the heating system pipeline, since these communications have different purposes and are therefore exposed to different factors.

On a note: if the boiler water supply rate in the heating system pipeline is less than 0.2 m / s, then there is a high probability of airing the line, and exceeding the supply rate by 0.2 m / s will lead to an increase in costs - the cost of equipment exposed to heavy loads will increase.

The use of polypropylene products has greatly simplified the work on equipping residential buildings with water heating and water supply systems. However, you need to know exactly what kind of polymer pipe material is suitable in a particular case. The types of polypropylene pipes that exist today have different technical characteristics and are designed for a specific area of \u200b\u200buse.

The most reliable products for the installation of hot water heating pipelines and hot water supply systems (DHW) are PN25 or PN30 products. It is these brands that are able to withstand pressures up to 25 and 30 atm. accordingly, at a working temperature of the coolant of 95 0 C. Even short-term operation of such pipes at a water temperature of 120 0 C is allowed, since a distinctive feature of these products is thick walls.

Samples of polypropylene pipes reinforced with aluminum.

For cold water supply, polypropylene pipes with a uniform wall are used. For hot water systems and heating circuits, reinforced products are used, since the inclusion of an aluminum shell in the structure of the wall of a polypropylene pipe or significantly increases the strength of the pipe material and reduces the amount of thermal expansion.

For reference: thermal expansion is 0.03 mm / m 0 C, while for channels with a wall of homogeneous polypropylene this value is about 0.15 mm / m 0 C. Based on this, homogeneous products are suitable for cold water supply, and for systems heating and hot water use only reinforced polypropylene.

What diameters are polypropylene pipe materials produced?

When choosing accessories for a heating and water supply system, the decisive factors are the temperature of the liquid, its flow rate and pressure. The required cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200bthe water supply system is determined in this case by calculations performed in accordance with the scope and operating conditions of the equipment.

Based on the configuration of the pipe section (circular ring), its geometric parameters are determined by the outer and inner diameters. The current classification of polypropylene pipes clearly defines the typical dimensions of each type of pipe products used for installation.

Today, both domestic and foreign manufacturing firms produce standardized piping components. Taking into account practical application, standard engineering solutions have been developed that allow determining the optimal passage in products for home heating and other water communications. Based on the data in the table, you can make the right choice of equipment and components for the heating main, without resorting to hydraulic calculations.

As a rule, the marking contains one of the following values \u200b\u200bfor the outer diameter:

16, 20.25, 32 and 40 mm,

which correspond to the inner diameters of PN25 polypropylene pipes:

10.6; 13.2; 16.6; 21.2; 26.6 mm.

For ease of use, the correspondence of the diameters and wall thickness of polypropylene pipes used in heating and water supply systems are summarized in the table:

Table with data on the diameters and wall thickness of polypropylene pipes used in everyday life

A reasonable question. Why are external parameters applied on finished products, if the size of the internal passage of the pipeline is so important for functionality. The thing is that the outer diameter indicates the corresponding type of connection.

Potential for the use of polypropylene pipes of various outer diameters at a speed of movement of the coolant in the pipeline 0.7 m / s:

• a pipe with a diameter of 16 mm is designed to connect one or two heating radiators;
• a value of 20 mm corresponds to the connection of up to 5 radiators with a total power of up to 7000 watts);
• for a larger number of radiators (with a total power of up to 11 kW), propylene polymer pipes with an outer diameter of 25 mm are used;
• polypropylene pipe material with an outer dimension of 32 mm is designed for equipping a house as a whole or one floor with a heating system of 10-12 kW of total power (maximum 19 kW);
• products with a diameter of 40 mm are used for laying trunk pipelines in residential buildings of a large area. Usually these are cottages and country houses, in which the number of heating devices reaches 20 pieces, and the total power of all connection points is approximately 30 kilowatts.

Influence of the pipe diameter on the performance of the heating system

The rate of supply of the coolant and the amount of transferred thermal energy directly depends on the inner section of the polypropylene pipelines. For clarity of this statement, the dependence of the provision of thermal energy on the intensity of the coolant supply and the values \u200b\u200bof the pipeline diameters is summarized in the table:

Selection table for polypropylene pipe material depending on the rate of supply of the heat carrier and the need for thermal energy

Thermal power is indicated in W, heat carrier flow rate in kg / sec. The calculated data are based on the average temperature values: the supplied heat carrier at 80 0 С, return flow at 60 0 С, air in the room +20 0 С.

For example: at a flow rate of 0.4 m / s, the following amount of heat energy will be transferred in the pipeline:

• for a line with an outer size of 20 (inner section 13.2 mm), the amount of heat is 4.1 kW;
• for propylene products Ø 25 and 16.6 respectively, the amount of heat will be 6.3 kW;
• propylene pipelines with outer and inner diameters of 32 and 21.2, respectively, have a heat supply of 11.5 kW;
• pipe materials of 40 millimeters (size of the inner lumen 26.6 mm) will provide a heat supply of 17 kW.

With an increase in the flow rate of the liquid to 0.7 m / s, the flow rate of the coolant will increase immediately by 70-80%.

Important! The practical purpose of the above table is to recommend, based on the value of the required amount of thermal energy, the required pipe diameter during the selection of pipe materials for a residential heating system.

Let's consider an illustrative example:

There is a typical house with a usable area of \u200b\u200b250 m 2. The building is sufficiently insulated and needs heating at the rate of 1 kW per 10 sq. m, that is, to create a comfortable temperature in the house, 25,000 watts of thermal energy (maximum) will be enough.

On a note: more heat is always required for the first floor - about 2/3 of the total consumed amount.

Thus, out of 25 kW, heating the first floor will require 15 kW, the second - 10 kW.

The house is equipped with an autonomous heating system based on a double-circuit boiler. The radiators installed in the rooms are connected in parallel. The house has a wiring for two wings with equal heat output. On the ground floor, the power for each wing is 7,500 watts. For the second floor, both wings require 5000 watts.

Sectional view of a two-storey house with a water heating system based on an autonomous boiler

The boiler produces 25 kilowatts of thermal energy for heating the house. This means that for the heating main you need to use polypropylene pipes and fittings with an inner diameter of 26.6 mm (at a feed rate of 0.6 m / s). This value corresponds to the outer diameter of the pipe 40 millimeters.

To supply the branches on the ground floor, 1500 watts of heat will be required. Using the data from the table, we get the following:

• at a flow rate of 0.6 m / s, the optimal diameter of the inner lumen of polypropylene pipes will be 21.2 mm - the corresponding identical external parameter according to the table data is 30 mm;
• for each wing, a pipe material with an inner diameter of 16.6 mm is suitable, which corresponds to a Ø 25 mm of the outer contour of the cross-section of polypropylene pipes.

Now let's look at the procedure for connecting heating devices.

Water heating radiators have an average power of 2 kilowatts, therefore, theoretically, pipes with a minimum outer diameter of 16 mm (PN16) are suitable for inserting them into the circuit. However, in practice, it is recommended to use polypropylene products with an inner section size of 13.2 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm (PN20), since the use of polymer pipes PN16 is recognized as inappropriate due to low manufacturability.

The second floor is equipped with a 32 mm pipeline. For each wing, pipes and connecting fittings Ø25 mm are used. With radiators, the picture is the same as on the first floor - the batteries are connected using PN20 pipes.

Conclusion

Based on the above example, for each section of the pipeline in the heating system, you can select components of the required diameter - including the efficiency of the heating equipment will depend on this.

It should be remembered that the materials for the piping in the heating system are selected so that they comply with the maximum technical characteristics of an autonomous boiler, despite the fact that in most cases the unit will operate normally - in accordance with the specified operating parameters.

This article will present polypropylene pipes for water supply with a description of their main properties, types and applications. Along with metal-plastic pipes, or a heating system made of polypropylene pipes, even a person who has no professional training can. It is enough to get the necessary minimum of knowledge so that the quality and appearance of pipelines in your house, bathhouse or other individual buildings would meet the highest requirements.

Properties of polypropylene pipes for water supply

Recently, the installation of polypropylene water pipes has become widespread in the construction of individual houses. This is explained by the availability and low price of all components, simplicity and reliability of installation, long service life (over 50 years), absence of corrosion and growth, attractive appearance, the ability to use in heating systems, hot, cold and drinking water supply.

Depending on the modification of polypropylene, three types of pipes are produced:

1. Homopolymer - PP-H (according to the European classification), corresponds to PP-G and PP type 1 according to the Russian classification;
2. From block copolymer - PP-8 (PP-B and PP type 2);
3. Made of random copolymer - PP-R (PP-R and PP type 3).

According to GOST R 52134 -2003, which regulates the use of thermoplastic pipes, all three of the above types of polypropylene can be used in the production of pipes for water supply and heating. The standards of countries such as Germany, Great Britain and the USA also allow their use for pipelines, taking into account all sanitary and hygienic requirements.

In accordance with the purpose of the water supply system, the following classes of polypropylene pipes are produced:

Pipe class	Working temperature max, ˚C	Application
		For cold water supply
		Hot water supply
		Hot water supply
		Low temperature underfloor heating
		High temperature underfloor heating, low temperature radiator heating
		High temperature radiator heating

According to their structure, polypropylene pipes are produced both from a solid material and reinforced with aluminum or fiberglass. Pipes made of solid polypropylene are used only in hot and cold water supply systems, and water supply from, and reinforced ones can be used in all systems, including radiator heating.

Compared to solid pipes, reinforced pipes have a significantly lower temperature elongation. So, for pipes reinforced with fiberglass, it is half as much, and for aluminum - four times. The perforated aluminum layer reliably protects against harmful diffuse penetration of oxygen through the pipe walls into the coolant or water. These factors are especially important for closed-type heating with long pipelines, when the amount of oxygen in the water can reach such a value that it will damage plumbing equipment.

As a rule, the pipe marking should contain the value of the internal stress in MPa (1 MPa≈10 kg / cm²). For example, PP-R 63, where the number "63" means the internal stress of 6.3 MPa in the pipe at 20 ˚C, at which the manufacturer guarantees that it will not collapse for at least 50 years. This property of a polypropylene pipe is called the minimum long-term strength and is denoted as MRS (Minimum Required Strength). The higher this indicator, the stronger the pipe. Therefore, it must be borne in mind that an incorrectly selected pipe may not withstand the guaranteed service life.

In addition, polypropylene pipes can be classified into the following categories:

	Working pressure, MPa	Application area
		Cold water supply up to +20 ˚C, heated floors up to +45 ˚C
		Cold water supply with increased pressure, hot water supply up to +60 ˚C
		Suitable for cold and hot water up to + 80 ˚C
		Reinforced aluminum pipe for hot water and heating at a temperature of +95 ˚C

The color of polypropylene pipes does not indicate their technical characteristics and scope. Depending on the manufacturer, it can be as follows:

• Gray;
• White;
• Green;
• Black;
• With a red stripe.

Selection and application of polypropylene pipes for water supply

The scope of application of polypropylene pipes in individual houses, baths and outbuildings is extensive - from hot to the arrangement of radiator and floor heating systems. With their help, you can connect to pipelines made of various materials: steel, copper and metal-plastic. Their long service life allows them to be laid with confidence in both open and closed systems.

How to choose the right polypropylene pipes

However, it is important to make the right choice in the wide range of pipes offered by many manufacturers. Here are a few criteria to follow when buying them:

1. The pipes must correspond to the parameters of the plumbing or heating systems;
2. For a high-quality assembly of pipelines, all their components must be from the same manufacturer. Only then can we talk about the reliability and durability of the installed water distribution system;
3. When buying, be sure to evaluate the quality of pipes and fittings:

• smoothness of the inner and outer surfaces;
• the presence of cracks, chips, bubbles, structural heterogeneity, foreign inclusions;
• the correctness of the geometric shape for the outer and inner diameters of the pipe;
• no different wall thickness.

1. Considering that polypropylene pipes can withstand temperatures no more than minus 20 ˚C, you should ask the seller about the storage conditions in the winter season. Improper storage can lead to irreversible processes in the pipe material and, as a result, to rejects in the work done.
2. If the supply of drinking water is provided, then it will be useful to get acquainted with the quality certificate for the compliance of the pipe with sanitary and hygienic standards.
3. To avoid additional difficulties during installation work, choose only straight pipes. In stores, they are often stored upright, which leads to bending, sometimes quite significant.
4. Buy pipes only from well-known manufacturers that have proven themselves from the best side and provide certificates of conformity to the declared quality. For example, domestic Sinikon, FD Plast, Valtec and Ikaplast or foreign Ostendorf, Valsir, Firat.

Range of polypropylene pipes, mm

Note: pN25 pipe is made with a reinforcing aluminum layer, which can be a simple or perforated interlayer with through holes. The perforated layer ensures a secure connection of all layers without the use of glue. The aluminum layer can be either offset to the outer surface of the pipe or symmetrically relative to the inner and outer surfaces. This only affects the pipeline assembly process, which will be discussed in the corresponding article.

What VALTEC offers:

Which is better - polypropylene or metal-plastic pipes

And finally, a few words in favor of the choice exactly polypropylene pipes for all pipeline systems.

Today, polypropylene pipes (PP) are considered the best pipe products among specialists. They have good technical and operational characteristics and differ in their purpose, color, quality and scope. They are used for laying, both indoor and outdoor engineering communications.

Polypropylene pipe marking

When choosing polypropylene products, attention is primarily paid to the marking applied to them. This is due to the fact that the technical characteristics of different modifications may differ markedly. For example, not every polypropylene pipe is suitable for systems operating at high temperatures and high pressures.

The current classification of polypropylene products suggests their division into 4 groups. These types of polypropylene pipes are marked with two Latin letters PN and two digits that make up a number that indicates the pressure for which PP pipes are designed.

Let's see what pressure polypropylene pipes withstand, and what characteristics different groups of material have.
These values \u200b\u200bare applied to the product surface:

1. PN10... If the system is constructed from products of this group, then it is able to withstand a pressure not exceeding 10 atmospheres. At the same time, the maximum temperature regime of the working environment cannot be more than 45 degrees Celsius. Using pipes of this type, they equip communications that can transport extremely cold liquids. Since this pipe product has thin walls, it is not widely used in the construction of internal water supply systems.
2. PN16... The presence of such symbols means that polypropylene pipes can withstand a pressure of no more than 16 atmospheres and a liquid whose temperature does not reach 60 degrees can move through them. These products are used for laying cold pipelines. Products of the PN16 group have a high deformation rate under the influence of high temperatures, which is unacceptable when creating pressure pipelines that provide hot water supply or heat supply.
3. PN20... As evidenced by such marking, pipe products withstand a pressure of about 20 atmospheres (read also: ""). Hot water with a temperature of up to 95 degrees can move along it. The technical parameters of polypropylene pipes of this group allow them to be used in hot water supply systems. Currently, they are practically not used due to the occurrence of significant deformation in pressure-type heating structures. When moving along such a PP pipe under a high pressure of a liquid having the maximum permissible temperature, the product begins to lead and bend.
4. PN25... Pipes made of polypropylene with this marking are complete products for laying heating systems. They can easily maintain a pressure of 25 atmospheres. In their production, a composite material is used together with reinforcing inserts made of nylon fiber or aluminum foil. An interlayer of them reduces thermal deformation and increases the strength of the pipes. PP products with PN25 marking are widely used in pressure pipelines. Heat loss in them is 2 times less than in other types of pipes.

Advantages and disadvantages of polypropylene products

It is the properties of polypropylene pipes that make them in demand among developers, both multi-storey buildings and small country houses.

Among the positive features of polypropylene products, it should be noted:

1. Long service life of approximately 50 years. When pipes are used in cold water systems, manufacturers claim that they can last up to 100 years.
2. Solid deposits do not collect on the inner surface of the product, since a special processing technology is used at the production stage.
3. Lack of condensation and frost resistance due to low thermal conductivity.
4. Lightweight polypropylene pipe, which is 9 times less than that of metal products.
5. Easy assembly and transportation.
6. Anti-corrosion resistance.
7. No additional maintenance required.
8. Resistance to aggressive chemical environments.
9. Elasticity.
10. Inexpensive cost. You can purchase pipes in different price categories.

In addition to the advantages, polypropylene pipes have disadvantages:

1. High degree of linear expansion. If PP products are not reinforced, during installation, you must use an expansion joint for polypropylene pipes.
2. Insufficient heat resistance. Regardless of the choice of the type of pipes, it is necessary to insulate them, especially for the arrangement of heat supply systems.
3. To change the direction of the pipe laying, you will need to use special fittings.
4. Poor resistance to direct sunlight. Its negative effect can cause aging of the material and thereby reduce the service life of polypropylene products.

Since the degree of linear expansion is quite high, during the installation of the pipeline, the sagging of the PP pipes must not be allowed - for this, the attachment points on the wall should be located at small intervals.

Polypropylene pipe selection process

In order to select these products without error, four important points should be considered in addition to the product labeling, which was described above:

1. Maximum permissible temperature... It has already been said that for heating systems, the best choice would be products bearing the PN25 symbols, for hot water supply - PN20 and for cold water supply structures - PN16.
2. Diameter... The cross-section is selected taking into account the technical parameters that the pipeline should have. The best choice for wiring in apartments is considered to be pipes in which this parameter is 20 or 25 millimeters, for arranging drains - 32 or 40 millimeters. PP pipe of large diameter with thick walls is used for laying main pipelines, which are located in the basements of multi-apartment buildings.
3. Maximum allowable pressure... If we are talking about domestic use, then all pipes are suitable, including products of the PN10 brand. The duration of their service is directly related to the pressure in the line and the temperature regime of the working environment. For example, if the temperature of the liquid is kept for a long time at around 95 degrees, at constant pressure the products will last no more than 5 years, and if the water temperature is about 20 degrees and the pressure is 10 atmospheres - almost 50 years.
4. Thermal expansion coefficient... Products made of polypropylene are distinguished by their ability to change their geometry under the condition of transporting high temperature water. These changes relate to the thickness of the pipe walls, and this is very critical for the throughput of pipelines.

Experts do not recommend laying products with PN20 marking in a closed method, since as a result of their deformation, cracks will appear in the plaster layer. With regard to the application of PN25 products, it can be mounted in both ways - open and closed.

The open version will not worsen the interior of the room, since the PP reinforced pipe holds its shape well and does not need to be bent. Thus, the method of laying the hot water supply system depends on the coefficient of linear expansion of polypropylene pipe products.

Range of polypropylene pipes

In the world market, PP pipes are presented in the following assortment.

PPH - type 1... These polypropylene products are considered the simplest of the entire range of products manufactured by modern industry. Their scope is the laying of cold water supply structures, ventilation systems, industrial pipelines.

PPB - type 2... This type of polypropylene pipe is made from a complex block copolymer. Such products are used in the arrangement of pressurized systems for the supply of cold liquids and heat supply. Also, these products are used in the production of impact connecting elements with high strength.

PPR - type 3... PPR pipe specifications are based on the use of random copolymer. Its introduction into industrial production was of global importance. Initially, it had the abbreviation PPRC - polypropylene random copolymer, later it was shortened to PPR (read: ""). From products related to this variety, cold and hot water supply systems are laid. It is these products that are used to create a warm water floor.

This molecular structure provided the following characteristics of the PPR pipe:

• the highest strength and heat resistance in comparison with other types of polypropylene;
• chemical resistance to various acids and alkalis;
• unlike PPH and PPB products, this material is able to withstand the temperature regime of the working environment for a short time up to 140 degrees and in a constant mode up to almost 90 degrees;
• frost resistance - products completely restore their shape after exposure to negative temperatures.

The technical characteristics of PPRC polypropylene pipes have made them an alternative to galvanized metal products. Among them there are products that are reinforced with aluminum or fiberglass.

PPs - type 4... The raw material for the production of these products is a highly flammable high-strength polymer. The maximum allowable temperature of the working environment of these PP pipes is 95 degrees. Experts consider them to be the best option for unreinforced single-layer products for heating systems.

Polypropylene pipe color

Polypropylene tubular products are produced in four colors.

Description of polypropylene pipes of different colors will help you make the best choice:

1. White PP products... They are used when installing plumbing systems. They are easily assembled by welding, so the work can be completed in no time. White propylene pipes are not recommended for outdoor use and at low temperatures. Products should be transported with extreme caution, since any physical or mechanical impact on them can cause damage. PP pipe has many advantages: long service life, ability to withstand pressure of 25 bar, corrosion resistance, affordable cost.
2. Gray pipes... These polypropylene products are often used in the installation of plumbing and individual and centralized heating systems. Their main technical characteristics: thermal and chemical resistance, long-term operation, environmental friendliness, tightness, etc. They are securely connected with a soldering iron.
3. Black PP pipes... Experts recommend using them in the arrangement of sewer communications and drainage structures. In the manufacture of these products, special additives are used that improve their technical parameters. Black pipes have a number of advantages: resistance to UV radiation, various aggressive media and drying out; high strength.
4. Green polypropylene products... Pipes of this color are chosen for the installation of irrigation systems and watering of the backyard area. They are inexpensive and therefore the owners of summer cottages and gardens prefer not to pay attention to their low strength characteristics. Green PP pipes do not respond well to physical stress, including system pressure. After installation during operation, you need to regularly monitor the state of communications, since the risk of pipe breakage is quite large.

Corrugated polypropylene pipes

This type of tubular product is used to create utilities for drainage and sewerage, as well as structures for the disposal of precipitation and groundwater. The maximum permissible temperature of the liquid that moves along the corrugated PP pipes is + 60 degrees for permanent drains, and for short-term no more than 100 degrees.

Pipelines that are built using corrugated products are installed in open trenches and using the trenchless method. Crossings are equipped with reinforced concrete wells. No additional equipment and special equipment is required for laying large diameter corrugated pipes.

Now industrial enterprises have mastered the production of double-layer corrugated pipes made of polypropylene.

Their positive qualities are:

• long service life;
• good bandwidth;
• resistance to corrosion and aggressive chemical compounds;
• increased ring rigidity;
• the presence of dielectric properties that provide resistance to the effects of stray currents;
• resistance to water-jet wear.

Among the disadvantages is susceptibility to accelerated aging.

Welding technology for polypropylene pipelines

During the installation of a system of pipes made of polypropylene, the method of thermal polyfusion is used - the parts to be welded are heated and quickly connected using a soldering iron.

Some manufacturers equip the welding tool with two heating elements instead of one. In this case, the power becomes enough to heat pipe sections of different diameters without problems.

But this advantage can simultaneously become a disadvantage. Performing heating with two elements at once can overheat the plastic and overload the power supply network. For this reason, the second heater should only be used as a backup when the first fails.

The duration of the heating phase depends on a number of factors:

• diameter of pipe products;
• ambient temperature, which should not deviate from the norm;
• the size of the welding belt.

After heating, polypropylene retains its ductility for a short period of time. In a matter of seconds, it is required to fix the connection, avoiding distortions. The optimum temperature for warming up is + 260 degrees.

To ensure a reliable and strong connection, polypropylene must be very hot, but excessive heat can lead to loss of shape of the product. Therefore, you should control the time during which welding is performed.

Depending on the cross-section of PP pipes, it should be:

• with a diameter of 20 millimeters - 8-9 seconds;
• when welding products with a diameter of 25 millimeters - 9-10 seconds;
• when joining parts with a diameter of 32 mm - 10-12 seconds.

It is not enough to heat and connect polypropylene pipes, they still need to be properly cooled. The fixing period should be the same as the heating phase. If the execution of this process is completed earlier as a result of haste, the connection will undergo deformation.

The technology of welding PP pipes is not an easy job. Of great importance is not only violation of the heating time, but also failure to comply with the rules for performing soldering.

The main nuances of the process are as follows:

1. During work, the welding machine must be constantly turned on.
2. Markings should be applied to the surface of the pipes, which will provide the required depth of the welds.
3. The parts to be joined must be heated at the same time.

Most developers, having familiarized themselves with the advantages of polypropylene pipe products, opt for these particular products. The finances spent on purchasing PP pipes will certainly pay off over time.