DIY installation of plastic sewer pipes. How to properly install sewer pipes with your own hands? Bonding PVC sewer pipes

The sewerage system is one of the main engineering communications with which all comfortable houses are equipped. As a rule, drainage systems are assembled at the stage of building a house, but you can also equip a house that has long been put into operation with a sewage system. In connection with the spread of plastic pipes, it became possible to install sewer pipes with your own hands. Since it is much easier to assemble a pipeline from polymer parts than from metal pipes and fittings.

Plastic pipes, which are used today for equipping sewage systems, have a lot of advantages. They are not subject to corrosion, resistant to the adverse effects of aggressive media, and are distinguished by their mechanical strength.

Sewer pipeline device

But one of the main advantages of plastic pipes is their ease of installation. Due to this quality, many home craftsmen refuse the services of professional installers and collect the sewer themselves.

This solution allows you to reduce the cost of building or renovating a house. However, do not forget that there are certain rules and regulations for the installation of sewer pipes, the observance of which is mandatory.

When installing sewer pipes, one should not forget about the features of the operation of the sewer pipeline. Firstly, not only liquid gets into this system, but also various solid inclusions, and secondly, the system, in most cases, is built gravity, that is, the liquid is mixed through the pipes due to gravity, and not artificially created pressure.

Why choose plastic?

If a sewage system is being installed in a private house or in an apartment, in most cases, plastic pipes are chosen. These products offer the following benefits:

Low weight. This quality facilitates the processes of loading, transportation and installation. Plastic pipes can be easily laid with your own hands, even without the involvement of assistants.
Life time. Cast iron sewage systems are valued for the fact that they serve for a long time, but plastic can also last for more than a dozen years until it needs replacement.

Tightness. If the connections are made correctly, the system will be completely sealed.
Resistance to aggressive influences. Sewage drains can contain various household chemicals, including aggressive ones containing acids and alkalis. Therefore, it is important that the pipeline is resistant to the negative effects of aggressive media.
Self-cleaning ability. Plastic pipes have an absolutely smooth inner surface. And this favorably distinguishes this material from cast iron pipes, in which the inner surface is rough. The smoothness of the inner walls reduces the likelihood of blockages in the system.
Simple installation. The huge advantage of plastic pipes is the fact that they are easy to install. Many owners try to carry out repairs in a private house or in an apartment, and the ability to complete the installation on their own is a big plus. After all, this allows you to reduce repair costs. Using plastic pipes and fittings, you can assemble piping of any configuration.

Pipe diameters and slopes

Thus, when constructing a pipeline, it is very important to correctly select the diameter of the pipes and maintain their slope angle. The choice of the diameter of the pipe in the internal network is carried out depending on what kind of plumbing fixture will be connected in this section of the pipeline:

When connecting a washbasin, it is allowed to use pipes with a diameter of 32-40 mm.
When connecting to a sink system in the kitchen and bathroom, it is recommended to take pipes with a cross-sectional area of \u200b\u200b50 mm.
When several plumbing fixtures are connected at the same time, outlet pipes with a size of 70-85 mm are used.
To organize the drainage from the toilet and the construction of a common riser, pipes with a section of 100-110 mm are used.

If it is necessary to turn the pipeline, the assembly of sewer pipes is carried out by installing bends with an angle of more than 90 degrees. Since the presence of sharp bends in the pipeline can lead to blockages in this place.

It is imperative to maintain the correct slope level for the pipeline. It is clear that if the slope is insufficient, then the system will not work effectively, since the drains will move through the pipes too slowly. But it is also forbidden to perform a too steep slope, since in this case, the water will leave too quickly, without having time to wash off solid waste.

Advice! The slope of the sewer pipes is chosen in such a way that the speed of movement of the liquid in the pipes is 0.7 -1 m / s. The exact slope depends on the pipe diameter and is typically between 2 and 15 percent.

Pipe cutting methods

Before installing the sewer pipes, they must be adjusted in length. Cutting can be done in the following ways:

If you need to cut a large number of pipes, it makes sense to use a special pipe cutter. It cuts cleanly, no post-face machining is required.
A high-quality cut can also be obtained using a special saw for plastic pipes with a wide blade.

In the absence of a special tool for cutting, you can use a hacksaw for metal with a fine tooth.
If it is necessary to cut pipes in a confined space, then a thin cable is used as a tool, equipped with handles on both sides.

Advice! Whichever method of cutting pipes is used, it is necessary that the cut is made strictly perpendicular, and there are no burrs at the ends of the segments.

Connection methods for pipes and fittings

If you are installing sewer pipes with your own hands, then the connection of individual elements of the pipeline is carried out in a bell-shaped manner. This connection method is quite reliable and, at the same time, simple.

Its implementation does not require the use of special equipment and tools. The end of the pipe is simply inserted into the socket, and the tightness of the connection is ensured by the presence of a rubber O-ring.

In the event that PVC sewer pipes are being installed, a connection method is sometimes used, which is called chemical welding. To implement this method of connection, special adhesives are used.

Methods for tapping into a sewer pipe

There are situations in life when there is a need to connect an additional branch to the existing sewage system. Consider how to crash into a sewer pipe if the overall system is assembled from plastic or metal pipes.

Installing a tee on metal pipes

To connect an additional sewer branch to a common pipe, it may be necessary to install a tee. If the sewage system is assembled from metal pipes, the work is done as follows:

A piece of pipe is cut that matches the length of the tee.
The tee is installed in the place of the cut in the form of a sleeve.
The seams are being welded.

Insert into a plastic pipe

If the overall system is assembled from plastic, the pipe is cut into the pipe without welding:

A piece of pipe is selected, on which there is a branch pipe of the required size.
A workpiece is cut from this segment, in which the branch pipe itself and a small part of the pipe are left, which can cover the place of the cut in the main pipe.
A hole is drilled in the main pipe using a crown nozzle on a drill, which in diameter exactly matches the size of the branch pipe on the workpiece.
The inner surface of the workpiece and the surface around the hole on the main pipe are lubricated with a silicone based sealant.
The workpiece with a pipe is placed on the pipe and clamped with clamps, the cut-in into the plastic sewer pipe is finished.

Advice! The clamp must not be overtightened, as excessive force may cause the pipe to burst. A sealant protruding beyond the edges of the part will indicate that the tightening is sufficient.

How to prevent blockages?

A sewer blockage is an extremely unpleasant phenomenon. Therefore, during the installation process, the utmost attention should be paid to the correct location of the pipes. It is necessary to accurately withstand the slopes of the pipes, since it is the violation of this parameter that most often leads to the formation of a blockage.

It is imperative to install special fittings on the pipeline for cleaning, closed with plugs. Such a measure will help to remove the blockage relatively easily, if it does form. It is necessary to install such fittings for pipeline maintenance every 15 meters in straight sections, as well as in places of sharp turns of the pipeline.

Quality control

After completing the installation work, you need to test the system to ensure that the connections are completely sealed and the system is functioning properly. To check, you must turn on the water supply in all plumbing fixtures.

The water should leave quickly enough, if the liquid is drawn up to half of the sink (with an open drain hole), then the sewage system has insufficient throughput.

In addition, you need to carefully examine the pipe joints for leaks. You can put a sheet of paper in advance under each joint. The presence of wet spots indicates insufficient tightness of the installation connection. The connection with the defect must be redone using a silicone sealant.

So, the installation of sewer pipes is a crucial stage in the construction of a drainage system. When performing this work, it is extremely important to comply with the rules and regulations adopted in modern construction.

The main difference between plastic pipes and their cast iron counterparts is their ease of assembly.

Whereas previously heavy cast iron products were installed using sulfur and oiled rope, today the installation process has become much easier. To assemble modern cylindrical structures, it is enough to stock up on rubber seals. At the same time, the mass of plastic pipes is of no small importance. Due to their light weight, their assembly resembles a game in a children's construction set.

First, you need to determine where the plumbing fixtures will be installed. For this, a plan is drawn up, which indicates all the necessary components. The next step is to calculate the dimensions.

It often happens that products do not fit in length. They need to be shortened with a special tool. The ends of the cut pipes must be cleaned. If this is not done, household waste will begin to accumulate in the butt joints, which can provoke leaks.

Installation with minimum blockages

How the installation is done correctly

The docking of plastic products is straightforward. The connection of parts must be reliable and airtight so that the sewage system will serve for more than a dozen years. For this, several types of gaskets are used, which are divided into the following groups:

one-feather;
two-feather;
equipped with a plastic ring.

For beginners, these items are not required to be installed. When the pipes are equipped with single-tipped rubber bands, assembly is easy, even no special lubrication is required. But parts equipped with two-feather gaskets or having a plastic ring are quite difficult to assemble. This becomes the reason for ignoring the installation of gaskets.

The operation of the entire system depends on how correctly the sealing part is installed in the socket. Even the slightest misalignment is not allowed. To avoid leaks, the deformed rubber must be replaced immediately with another, absolutely flat one.

To improve the sliding of the pads, you can use any means:

soap;
detergent solution;
"Vaseline".

But at the same time, it is necessary to take into account the properties of the material and its reaction to lubrication, because an incorrectly selected viscous substance can cause the rubber to harden after several months.

A solid seal is not able to withstand water flows. The joints will start to leak. When using a detergent, it is necessary to check whether there are any aggressive substances in its composition that destroy the seal. Soap, on the other hand, does not have a strong effect on rubber, but it creates a film that begins to break down over time, which in turn provokes a blockage. In this regard, it is recommended to use only a special lubricant that contains silicone.

The biggest problem that has to be solved is creating a flat end surface. The factory product necessarily has a special chamfer at the end, which facilitates the joining of parts. When the pipe is fitted, this element is sheared off. Therefore, you have to do it yourself again.

To do this, the end of the pipe is grinded with a grinder. It is not possible to achieve perfect smoothness, the surface of the chamfer becomes rough. It is not easy to assemble such products, but the quality of the connection does not suffer from this.

The quality of the entire assembly depends on how well the pipeline was fastened. Otherwise, the tightness of the joint will be broken, as a result of which a leak may appear or a counter-slope may form. A similar situation can provoke a blockage.

Cylindrical structures are attached in 1 meter increments near each bell.

Bonding PVC sewer pipes

Such products can be assembled without using a viscous composition: the pressure in the system is low, the joints are perfectly held by O-rings.

However, if necessary, the craftsmen resort to the glue method of fastening. To ensure high-quality sealing, it is required to glue each pipe, having previously cleaned its ends.

Before starting this work, you need to make sure of the reliability of the connections of the parts and the quality of their fit. The cylindrical product should easily fit into the socket by 2/3. Its further movement is performed with a slight interference.

For better adhesion, the parts to be glued are treated with a special sandpaper until the desired roughness is obtained.

A large selection of adhesives for PVC products is on sale, which also includes a cleaner.

The gluing technology looks very simple. The surface is degreased with a cleaner, which is applied in a thin layer with a regular brush.

Further, the pipe is covered with glue, while the seat is less lubricated. After applying the adhesive, the fitting is put on. If the connection is of good quality, the circumference of the pipe near the joint will be covered with an even layer of glue, similar to a roller.

In order for the parts to stick well together, they need to be pressed tightly and held for 30 seconds. To fill possible voids, the joint is additionally coated with a brush.

Only straight sections may be glued. Hard-to-reach places where a blockage may form should not be lubricated with glue. For this purpose, it is sufficient to use an O-ring.

How to choose the right pipe slope

This parameter is very important when creating a sewer system. The angle of inclination is selected taking into account the location of the cylindrical structures. It should not be large, since the water will begin to drain very quickly, the contents will not have time to leave with the flow of liquid and will remain on the walls. This can cause a blockage. For internal sewerage, the slope should be made at the rate of 1 cm per 1 m of the pipeline length.

To fix the pipes to the wall and create a passage through the existing structures, stops are installed on open cylindrical products. For a vertical section, a step of 1 m is maintained, for a horizontal one - 40 cm. Usually the installation of these parts is carried out under a bell.

PVC cylindrical structures and steel straps must be separated from each other by rubber sealing parts. Usually they are included in the set of stops and the mentioned connecting elements.

If it is necessary to lay a pipe through a foundation or overlap, a cylindrical product must be wrapped with several layers of roofing material. The resulting hole is filled with a cement mixture or concrete mortar. After the installation of the sewage system from plastic pipes is completed, the system is tested for tightness. The reliability of the connections should not be in doubt.

Leak test

A similar procedure is carried out specifically to identify leaks, identify poor-quality assembly and poor fastening. For this, the sewer outlet is closed with a plug. The system is filled with water, rising to the first floor. There should be no leaks at the joints, which confirms the reliability and tightness of the structure.

Sewerage installation is not difficult. Doing this kind of work doesn't take long. However, a beginner who does not have construction skills and knowledge of the technological process is advised to turn to professionals who will do everything quickly and efficiently.

The main purpose of sewer pipes is to remove dirty waste water outside the settlement and industrial enterprises.

Today, cast iron and plastic pipes are used to equip the sewage system, however, preference is given to the former, since in addition to convenient installation, they have good performance.

Properties of sewer cast iron pipes

Benefits:

corrosion resistance;
environmental friendliness;
noiselessness;
fire safety;
able to withstand heavy loads without compromising integrity and connections;
optimal diameter allows for self-cleaning;
resistance to aggressive substances;
high wear resistance.

Disadvantages:

the properties of this material can be influenced by: a seismically active zone, weak soil and saline soils;
the installation of cast-iron sewer pipes requires special accuracy and accuracy in work;
connecting them by the socket method is a long and laborious process;
not all projects can be implemented with their help;
during installation, it is necessary to observe exact alignment;
the number of pipes of different diameters should be limited;
the occurrence of such a system should be up to 10 m;
metal consumption;
significant weight;
a rough inner surface creates resistance to water flow;
high price.

Properties of plastic sewer pipes

Types of plastic pipes for sewage:

1. PVC pipes (gray or orange).

Features:

resistant to subzero temperatures;
have good strength;
have increased mechanical and chemical wear resistance of the inner surface;
short-term operating temperature - 80 ° С, maximum - 40 ° С.

According to the strength class, they are divided into:

medium (equipped under a small carriageway);
lightweight (not used under roads and mounted at shallow depths);
heavy (laid under large industrial plants and highways).

2. Polypropylene pipes (gray).

Features:

unlike PVC pipes, polypropylene pipes are less rigid;
have increased heat resistance;
can function at temperatures up to 80 ° С;
field of application - sewer internal networks;
burn badly;
not suitable for arranging external sewerage and laying it in the ground;
have insufficient rigidity;
can be damaged by rodents.

3. Corrugated polyethylene pipes.

Features:

installation of corrugated sewer pipes is carried out exclusively in the external sewer;
they are laid in the ground to a depth of 15 m;
the outer corrugated wall gives them increased strength;
smooth inner wall ensures normal water movement;
sometimes these pipes are made from polypropylene.

Installation rules for sewer pipes

Plastic sewer pipes, which are installed by means of fittings, provide the highest quality connection. If butt welding is used, then it is recommended to use it when installing a hidden pipeline.

The principles of installing the sewer system can be divided into:

installation of sewer pipes in the house (internal);
external sewerage installation.

Internal system installation rules

creating a sewerage installation, it is advisable to use as few joints and turns as possible;
it is necessary to use pipes with a diameter of 50-100 mm;
the angle of inclination of the pipes can vary from 1-2 cm / m;
when equipping pipes made of plastic, it is recommended to use additional lubricant;
at each turn, revisions should be provided;
when fixing the material with plumbing fixtures, transitional cuffs made of rubber and liners should be used;
the risers must be fixed from bottom to top with clamps;
pP pipes are cut with a special hacksaw or grinder;
when installing sewer pipes in an apartment from the remnants of the material, the latter are connected using repair shaped couplings;
joining PP pipes using sockets does not imply additional sealing.

Installation rules for outdoor sewerage

such a sewage system is installed in trenches equipped below the level of soil freezing;

if necessary, as well as with a laying depth of the sewerage system up to 0.5 m, it is recommended to insulate it with fiberglass;
a sand cushion is lined at the bottom of the trench with a layer of 10-15 cm;
the laid sewer pipe is covered with sand from the sides and rammed;
when cornering, as well as every 25 m, revision wells are equipped;
the finished system is displayed in a cesspool or connected to a septic tank.

DIY installation of sewer pipes

Sewer pipe installation technology

installation of the sewerage system begins with a diagram of the future network. So it is necessary to visually try on the project at the place of its future location and draw up an approximate drawing. The turns and all necessary fittings will be marked here. In addition, the total pipe footage should be calculated with a small margin;
if the branches of the system are located in the same horizontal plane, then all connections are installed using oblique tees and are performed with taps at an angle of up to 45 °;
each turn must be equipped with access for audit;
it is strictly forbidden to fix pipes in a horizontal plane at an angle of 90 °;
the riser for the sewage system must be equipped with a ventilation pipe;
the fan pipe is brought out to a height of 0.5 m of the roof level;
sewerage can be laid inside walls and floors;
internal installation of sewer pipes, the price of which depends on the building material used, is created with a slope of 1-2 cm for each meter of the pipeline;
a greater slope is permissible only in areas no more than 1.5 m from the riser;
it is not recommended to create air gaps between concrete and the sewer pipe;
the thickness of the plaster layer should be at least 2 cm;
when laying pipes from the outside, their fixation is carried out with ordinary clamps with an attachment pitch of 10D;
risers are fixed every 1-1.5 m;
the distance from the wall to the riser pipe must be less than 5 mm;
it is obligatory to fasten the pipeline under the socket.

Video installation of sewer pipes:

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Today the market offers a fairly wide range of sewer pipes. Most of modern products are made of plastic, and this is not surprising: this material has a number of positive qualities, which allows them to be used in sewer systems. Plastic pipes perfectly withstand the effects of aggressive environments, which is very important when working with domestic wastewater.

Also, such pipes are lightweight, so do-it-yourself installation of sewer pipes becomes quite possible, and special equipment is not required. In addition, plastic pipes have a smooth inner surface, which significantly reduces the risk of clogging and rapid wear, since it is much more difficult for solids to linger in them.

An important advantage, which emphasizes all of the above, is the low cost of plastic pipes, so they are optimal for the sewer system.

Despite all the advantages of plastic pipes, their installation should still be given due attention, since improper installation of sewer pipes with your own hands can nullify all the advantages of such a sewage system. The cause of the problems can lie in different aspects: for example, if the pipes were not prepared for installation, or the installation process itself was of poor quality.

In apartment buildings, these nuances can be treated somewhat more simply, since the diameter of the pipes in them is larger, which eliminates minor installation errors. In apartment buildings, sometimes a plug is installed on the sewer to debtors for non-payment of services. With private houses, the situation is somewhat more difficult: one wrong bend can lead to regular blockages in this place, or even cause complete paralysis of the sewer system. How to properly install sewer pipes will be discussed in this article.

Sewer system design

Blockages appear in the sewer system very often. The origins of this problem lie not only in the improper operation of the structure, although there is also such a phenomenon: often the sewerage system is perceived by residents as another place where garbage can be dumped.

The main cause of pipeline clogging is due to installation errors. Firstly, rough pipes are often used for arranging the system, in which blockages occur much more often due to the layering of waste on the surface. Secondly, the project of the sewer system is often carried out illiterately, but the installation of sewer pipes in a private house is performed correctly. The result is a well-assembled, inoperative system in which clogging appears due to large angles of turns, bends or ledges.

All these nuances must be taken into account when it is planned to install sewer pipes in a private house. Again, it is best to stop your choice on plastic parts, since their processing is very easy and without the use of complex fixtures. If necessary, you can even cut the pipes to fit the correct size.

Pipes are cut by the following methods:

When cutting large volumes of pipes in free space, it is best to use a cutter that produces very clean pipe edges.
Plastic pipes can also be cut with a special saw - the result is quite high quality. In addition, this method is also very convenient, which also has a positive effect on work.
At home, cutting pipes is done with an ordinary hacksaw for metal: due to the small teeth, the number of burrs will be minimal, but it will be difficult to cut the pipe exactly, so it may require additional processing.

In any case, cutting pipes requires free space, and in the absence of it, you have to use other methods. For example, in a confined, confined space, trimming a pipe is done with a thin cable, at the ends of which there are handles. This device extends around the pipe, is located at a right angle to it, after which the plastic is frayed with a cable. Of course, it is problematic to cut the pipe perpendicularly in this case, but it is still worth trying, otherwise the installation will not be of high quality.

Burrs always occur when cutting pipes. This is a normal phenomenon, but not during the operation of the sewer system: the correct installation of sewer pipes cannot be performed with burrs, and they must be removed so that the protruding pieces of plastic do not further interfere with the drains moving along the pipe. In addition, the burrs on the outside will not allow to create a reliable and tight connection.

To remove burrs, a conventional knife is used: on the outside, they are simply scraped off, and on the inner surface, this work must be done very meticulously, because the functionality of the sewage system will depend on the quality of cleaning.

Preparation and installation of sewer pipes

The preparation stage includes the adjustment of all the details of the future sewerage system in terms of dimensions and connections. It is also necessary to check how accurately it will be possible to observe all the angles and slopes specified in the sewer system project: this is required by the rules for installing sewer pipes.

DIY installation of sewer pipes is performed according to the following algorithm:

The first step is to make marks indicating the location of each element of the pipeline. This requires a marker.
In order for the sewage system to be sealed, all its elements must be carefully fitted and connected. To achieve this goal, you must first prepare the parts for connection, and only then glue them.
The fit of the parts must be checked before gluing. The optimal condition is achieved under the following condition: the pipe goes into the socket of the sewer pipe by 2/3 without problems, and further connection requires little effort.
The inner surface of the pipes should be smooth, but the parts to be joined should be processed until a slight roughness appears, for which a sandpaper is used.
Do-it-yourself installation of sewer pipes involves the use of special glue. Different types of glue can be used to glue pipes, so you need to know which one the manufacturer recommends.
Immediately before gluing the parts, their edges are degreased and softened, for which methylene chloride is well suited.
To apply the glue, a special swab is used, usually supplied with the glue. If it is not there, then you can take a regular brush. The pipe itself is smeared with a thick layer of glue, and the inside of the socket is covered with a small one.
When adhesive is applied to the surfaces to be joined, the fitting is pushed onto the pipe. It is impossible to leave the parts in this form right away: first they must be held so that the applied marks are a few centimeters apart.
The parts are rotated to match the marks. When properly connected, a small, even layer of glue will come out of the socket.
After combining the parts, they need to be held for about half a minute. After that, the joint must be coated with glue to completely fill the joint. In general, one such operation takes no more than one minute, so assembling sewer pipes with your own hands does not take much time.

The subtleties of installing plastic pipes with your own hands

There are several nuances that should be observed in order for the system to work correctly in the future:

Cutting pipes should be accompanied by stripping their edges from burrs. To make the work easier to do, you should take a saw with small teeth and a wide blade: the cut will turn out to be at a right angle, and the number of scoring will be minimal.
Before assembling the sewer pipes, it is worth performing a preliminary assembly, during which control marks are applied. The system is then disassembled.
When laying a pipeline in a wall, metal pipes are most often used, which are connected to plumbing fixtures by means of plastic pipe segments. To connect different types of pipes, couplings without sockets are used.
When drilling the hole for the pipe, the post may loosen. The problem can be eliminated with the help of special pads that return the struts to their original strength.

Sewer fittings

The sewer system implies the presence of a certain number of fittings, for the determination of which an accurate calculation of the project is necessary.

Installation of fittings is carried out according to certain rules and has some features:

Fittings with an angle of 22.5, 45 and 90 degrees are equipped with sockets on both sides. Transition elbows usually have only one socket. These fittings are often connected to conventional fittings, which saves a little space: two standard fittings connected by a pipe will take up more space (read also: "").
It is advisable to install transition fittings with the end that does not have a socket on the bottom side.
90 degree elbows are commonly used to connect vertical and horizontal branches. Fittings with an angle of 45 degrees are used separately for both types of construction. It is best to use two 45-degree fittings to ensure a vertical to horizontal pipe transition. Small bends and turns are done with a 22.5 degree knee angle.
Tees must be used when connecting two branches of the pipeline. Different types of tees make it possible to connect pipelines at an angle of 45 or 90 degrees.
45-degree tees are suitable for any pipelines, but 90-degree tees can only be used when connecting a horizontal branch with a vertical one. Some models of tee fittings may have different outlet diameters.

Do-it-yourself installation of sewer pipes requires other elements. For example, cleanout hatches are considered a mandatory part of any sewer. They are necessary to monitor the operation of the system and allow you to clean it in case of clogging. There are several types of hatches. An example is an end hatch installed on a pipe socket. Such hatches are most often installed on the upward part of a 45-degree tee in a horizontal system. The design of the end hatch assumes the presence of a plug, after removal of which access to the inside of the system is provided.

Also an important element of the sewer system are siphons, the main function of which is to create a water seal that prevents the penetration of odor from the sewer into the living space. In addition, small debris accumulates in the siphons, which can then be removed without problems. Siphons are usually installed under plumbing fixtures, in easily accessible places.

Assembly of outdoor sewerage

The installation of the external pipeline is carried out in pre-prepared trenches, and their depth should slightly exceed the level of soil freezing. In addition, it is imperative to observe the difference in the sewer pipe (2-3 cm per meter of pipeline). To connect pipes, the socket method is used, and the laying itself is performed so that the pipes do not sag under the mass of the earth. You can read more about the installation of an external sewage system in the article on this topic.

A house without running water and sewerage will never be comfortable. The improvement of these communications must be dealt with in the process of designing a building, or during reconstruction, if it has already been built.

Autonomous sewerage is a necessary thing in every private house. It is carried out in several stages, each of which requires its own materials and knowledge. Now we will not go into details, but consider one of its important processes - laying sewer pipes with our own hands.

Pipe selection

High loads act on the internal sewage system, while the external one is much stronger, therefore, the requirements for pipe products for it are appropriate. Since sewer pipes are laid in deep holes, the pressure of the earth on them cannot be ignored. Moreover, when laying such products under the roadway, it is necessary to choose them with the highest strength class.

For outdoor sewerage, manufacturers make special pipes and paint them red or brown. For internal communications, the same products are painted with dark gray paint.

In order for the external sewage system to serve for a long time and effectively, it is necessary to use pipes:

Smooth polymer. They are often made of PVC, but there are also polypropylene products.
Corrugated polymer. They are made of polyethylene, but there are many examples from polypropylene.
Cast iron.

Today, homeowners prefer polymer pipes. Moreover, where the load is especially high, it is recommended to use corrugated products. Most often people choose products with a diameter of 110 mm. Remember that not only these materials will need to be bought, but also fittings.

Work plan

The process itself is conventionally divided into three parts:

excavation;
mounting;
burying.

Naturally, before laying the sewerage, it is necessary to prepare trenches of a suitable size. Here are some rules that can simplify the process itself:

Digging a trench on your own is quite difficult, so it is better to entrust this to earth-moving equipment.
The trench should be wide enough so that a person can work with the sewer pipes with their feet touching the bottom of the pit. For example, for standard products with a diameter of 110 mm, you will have to dig a trench 60 cm wide.
The question of depth is much more complicated, since no one will tell you its optimal value. According to the rules, the bottom of the trench should be half a meter lower from the depth of soil freezing. In practice, everything turns out to be different - pipes are laid above this level, but they are additionally insulated.
When digging a trench, it is necessary to make a slight slope, which, as a rule, is 2 cm per meter.
According to the design documentation, the hole for the water supply must be of a certain depth, but in practice it must be made 10 cm deeper, which will create a shock-absorbing cushion.
Defects in the form of boulders found in the trench must be removed, and the bottom carefully compacted.
The bottom of our pit must be covered with gravel or sand. Compaction of the embankment is not required, but where revision wells will be installed, it must be compacted by two meters in all directions.

Mounting

You need to start the installation from the place from which the internal sewage ends.
Pipe products are laid along the trench. The sockets must be placed in the opposite direction from the movement of sewage.
If it is necessary to organize a turn, then bends can only be taken with an angle of 15 degrees or 30. It is strictly forbidden to use products at 90 degrees.
Do not forget about revision wells, with which you can repair or clean the sewer pipes.
It is recommended to insulate pipes with materials with polyethylene foam and only if provided.

Pipe connection

After thoroughly cleaning the socket, we check for the presence of a rubber ring that serves as a seal. We do pipe ends cleaning. Previously, it is worth checking the depth of entry of pipe products into the socket, marking with a pencil at the smooth end.

Silicone grease or soap can be used to facilitate connection. Now you can insert the pipe into the socket after lubricating it. The pipeline may undergo linear deformations, therefore it is recommended to insert the pipe not to the end, but to leave a gap of a centimeter. Here the mark left by a pencil will come to the rescue.

Burying

Before backfilling the trench, it is recommended to check the slope of the pipeline again. For about 10-15 first centimeters, the pit is filled exclusively with sand, which is carefully compacted along the edges of the pipes. It is strictly forbidden to press sand over the pipe. Now you can continue burying the sewer pipeline with ordinary earth.

Laying pipes is not difficult, but the process takes time, effort and accuracy. The pipeline will work efficiently and for a long time if all relevant standards are observed during its installation.

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Video

We suggest watching a video that will help you avoid a number of serious mistakes when installing sewer pipes with your own hands.