Homemade brake ratchet. Idea for making a hand winch from an old bike
There are many ideas for different crafts based on a bicycle, its individual parts. There are among them related to household work, in particular, tillage in household plots. The device in the form of a winch, powered by a bicycle drive, is simple, allows you to perform plowing, hilling, loosening operations for one person, without much tiring him.
For the manufacture of a bicycle winch, you need a road bike of a conventional design with a closed frame. You will need: a broken engine from a moped, for example, type D-6; large bicycle sprocket; a hub from a moped wheel together with an axle; metal corners, tubes, sheet.
The bike is not modified; only the chain lengthens.
They make a small alteration of the moped engine. Cut out the top wall of the cover and crankcase above the drive sprocket. They do this between the bosses, leaving them and the existing thread. On a lathe, the thickness of the sprocket ring gear is reduced to 2.6 mm - this is necessary in order to be able to place a bicycle chain on it.
The crankshaft is pressed, the connecting rod is removed, and everything is pressed again. The existing bearings are filled with graphite grease. They make a cover from a sheet of metal and close it with a place where the cylinder is attached. The crankshaft will play the role of a flywheel in the craft.
The converted motor is attached to the bicycle frame, in its upper part. Arrange it downward with an asterisk. The chain is lengthened so that it can span three sprockets - two that are on a bicycle and one in a converted moped engine.
On the handlebar of a bicycle, on the left side, they install a handle, draw a cable from it to the motor. It controls the clutch.
The converted bike is suitable for normal riding. To start moving, you need to disengage the clutch. When the road goes downhill, then it is turned on - the flywheel begins to rotate and store energy, which will help to overcome the climbs in the future.
A converted bike can be used to make a winch that will be used for household chores. In place of its rear wheel, an attachment is placed, consisting of a frame carrying a winch drum equipped with an asterisk and a cable. It is also equipped with lugs and a cable laying loop.
The drum is made from a moped wheel hub, to which round metal flanges are attached on the sides. Equipped with a large bicycle sprocket.
There are two grousers. They are made using pieces of corners 12 cm long. The outer edges of the shelves are sharpened, which provides them with easy entry into the ground. The corners are welded to the edges of a half-meter segment of the corner, which serves as a support on the surface of the earth.
A soft wire is used for the cable laying loop. It is attached to the frame so that the cable in a taut state lies in the middle of the surface of the drum.
The prefix is attached to the bike in two places: with a pin at the place where the rear wheel is installed; clamps covering two frame tubes in the gap between the first mount and the carriage with pedals.
First, the lower part of the attachment is assembled using welding. Then an axle is attached to it, on which the winch drum is installed. The upper part is placed on top and fixed to the bicycle frame. In this case, the chain is pre-installed on all three sprockets.
The winch is an indispensable device, both in the household and in the garage. Raise a roll of roofing material onto the roof, throw a couple of bags of cement into the window of the second floor of a private house under construction, pull the engine out of the bonnet space, and drag the broken car itself into the garage ... This is an incomplete list of things that you can easily do alone with her help.
Drum-type devices for lifting or moving heavy loads differ in the way they transmit torque. From the school physics course, we know how the shoulder works. Losing in speed or distance - we win in strength. The phrase of Archimedes: “Give me a fulcrum, and I will turn the Earth over” just describes the principle of the winch.
IMPORTANT! When working with such a device, the fulcrum is the body and the place where the winch is attached. Both elements must be reliable.
A hand winch, with the help of an attached shoulder, increases human strength so much that one operator can move cars or lift loads of several hundred kilograms. With the same (from the point of view of mechanics) principle of operation, these devices have different ways of execution.
Manual drum winch - varieties
A hand winch with a drum is a classic of the genre. In addition to the common element - the pulley on which the cable is wound, the devices have different types of drive.
A large, main gear is firmly attached to the drum. On it, and on the mount, the entire load falls. Therefore, the reliability of the elements must be at the proper level. In engagement with the main gear, there is a small drive gear.
The ratio of the number of teeth is the value of the gear ratio. In other words, the amplification factor. The drive gear is integral with the drive shaft. Since we are talking about a hand tool, a handle is put on the shaft for rotation.
The length of the lever also affects the degree of reinforcement. The larger the lever arm, the less effort must be applied.
With the help of such devices, you can lift several centners of cargo alone or move a car weighing 2-3 tons. At the same time, the rotation speed of the drum is quite high.
The design consists of two or more pairs of gears, each of which has a gain factor of tens of times. With sequential engagement, these coefficients add up, multiplying the force.
The reverse side of the coin is a proportional reduction in speed. With such a winch, you can carry out a slow vertical lifting of loads of more than a ton, but if you have to work with two bags of cement, the lifting time will stretch for tens of minutes.
The winch is a mechanism that is widely used in many areas of life. The principle of its operation is to transfer traction from the drive drum using a flexible element (chain, cable, rope).
Depending on the source of the applied force, winches are divided into mechanical and electrical. Both of them can be made independently with a little effort and patience.
Homemade ratchet winch
Quite often there is a need to lift a heavy load and fix it in this position.
This can be, for example, a massive cover in the basement or large parts of the car.
A homemade ratchet winch will help you cope with such a difficult task. .
Most often, for the manufacture of homemade ratchet winches, a worm gear is used from ZIL- it is the most compact and can withstand weight up to half a ton.
Ratchets from KamAZ and MAZ able to withstand weights up to two tons or more.
This is the most suitable winch for home use. A solid load capacity, if necessary, will allow you to cope with relatively large loads. By lifting or dragging them. Consider step by step the whole process of creating a winch from KAMAZ ratchets.
To make a lifting device of this type, you will need:
Two rear ratchets of a Kamaz car: left and right
Hooks for towing in the amount of 2 pcs.
Cable with a diameter of 4-5 mm.
Fist for expanding brake pads on a Kamaz car
Hook Bolt
Disassemble the brake ratchets by removing everything except the gear, as shown in the photo.
Next, cut off the pawl from the expanding fist and, using an angle grinder, popularly referred to as a grinder, cut slots identical to those located on the other side. The ideal option would be to manufacture such a shaft in a mechanical workshop on a milling machine. Do-it-yourself cutting slots will require care, accuracy and compliance with the rules and regulations for the safe handling of power tools.
Take covers from an unnecessary used ratchet and make two washers for a future winch.
Weld the structure as shown in the photo and drill a hole according to the diameter of the cable to fix it.
Install the ratchets on the slots, put the bolt and hang the tow hook on it. The design can be strengthened by putting a bushing on the bolt. I did this with a bushing from an internal combustion engine mount.
We install a second towing hook on the free end of the cable.
We manufacture and install a handle for the convenience of working with a winch.
We test the resulting mechanism. The winch is ready for use.
With frequent use of a homemade ratchet winch, the worm mechanism can quickly fail, in which case it is better to replace the gears with more durable and wear-resistant ones.
Homemade electric winch
A homemade electric winch will come in handy in the most difficult situations.
It will help to pull the car out of a deep quagmire, saving money.
Its work is based on the principle of using the power of all kinds of devices, such as:
— various engines;
— generators from tractors;
- starters converted to engines.
Making an electric winch with your own hands is not difficult. You can use it for housekeeping, for example, use it in the process of plowing a personal plot, construction work, as well as in any other operations related to the movement of goods. Consider a step-by-step instruction for creating this mechanism.
First you need to determine the necessary components:
Electric motor. For a home winch, it is not advisable to use a heavy-duty motor designed for a three-phase network. A small engine with a power of 2.2 kV, a voltage of 220 V is quite enough. We offer an electric motor more powerful than in the video. Practice has shown that a device with a power of 1.1 kW does not cope with plowing. And the 2.2 engine was tested at their summer cottage.
Electromagnetic starter PM2 16A, remote control, capacitor, wire PVA 3X1.5
Reducer 1:40.
Pulley (2pcs) and a belt for arranging the transmission from the electric motor to the gearbox.
Bearing 180306 in housing (2 pcs).
drum shaft.
Slotted part from the outer grenade (2 pcs).
Rolled metal products of various thicknesses and sections for the manufacture of the frame and drum.
Hardware for fastening the engine, gearbox and drum.
To perform work on the manufacture of the mechanism, you will need: a bench tool, a grinder, a drill and a welding machine.
Kinetic diagram of a winch with an electric motor
Before proceeding with the manufacture of the frame for the unit, you need to sketch a sketch of the future metal structure with dimensions. To do this, you need to take a sheet of paper and draw a frame, after which, with a measuring tool, remove all installation dimensions and plan the placement of the electric motor, gearbox and drum on the sketch. Simplify the drawing of the video posted above. Based on the sketch, it will be easier for you to prepare the necessary rolled metal and hardware for the future unit.
We weld a common frame from a rectangular pipe, on which we mount the electric motor and gearbox with installed pulleys and a screwed base from a profile pipe. In order for the belt not to sag, we make the engine platform on the canopies, then by spot welding we weld the canopies to the frame of the unit, as shown in the photo.
The reducer is installed on the corners. We put on the belt drive and check its tension. We weld the base of the gearbox.
We turn to the manufacture of the drum. We weld metal washers on both sides to a pipe with a diameter of 159, as shown in the photo.
Next, we proceed to welding and assembling the shaft. We weld the splined part of the grenade into the end of the shaft as shown in the photo and insert the shaft into the drum. We stuff bearings and housings onto the shaft and weld the shaft to the drum by spot welding. We weld the second splined part of the grenade to the gearbox shaft.
We expose the drum with the help of improvised means to maintain the alignment of the gearbox shaft and the drum. Next, using a corner, we fix the drum bearing housings by spot welding.
We connect the electrical equipment of the winch and do a test run.
If the testing was successful, turn off the power supply, remove the electric motor and gearbox and weld the joints. Then we put the winch mechanisms in place. We fix the cable on the drum. Install the tow hook on the other side of the cable. A homemade electric winch is ready.
Such a mechanism has a rather large carrying capacity, but it takes time to assemble and lack of moisture.
For safe work with heavy weights, it is desirable to equip the electric winch with a small and simple remote control.
Homemade winch for the economy
All kinds of winches are an indispensable thing for motorists. But a homemade winch for the farm can also be successfully used.
Here, most often, such devices are used to move goods on a horizontal surface, for example, heavy logs.
Farmers often use the winch, installing it above the attic opening, thus moving loads between different parts of the room.
And some manage to use a homemade winch to plow the land.
To do this, it is enough to fix it on the edge of the site, hook the plow to the end of the cable and turn on the winch.
The mechanism pulls the plow, and the person can only set the direction for it. With the help of a winch, you can not only plow the land, but also carry out all cycles of cultivating the land
We offer a winch for homework, or rather for hilling potatoes on the basis of a grinder. Almost nothing is needed to make it. We present it as a modification of our electric motor winch.
When the engine turned out to be low-power, and while I had a new one, the idea arose to remake the drive. We decided to use the grinder. What came out of it is up to you to judge. We will tell you how the modification went.
Let's start with reworking the frame, the engine platform must be adapted to the grinder. Sheds and the original appearance of the site remains unchanged. The only thing it needs to be raised on the frame is the corners to give a stretch to the belt.
The grinder has threaded holes for attaching handles. It is in them that we insert the bolts to fix the grinder to the site, additionally weld the corner to the site, as shown in the photo and fasten the electric drive with another bolt.
Then we weld the corners to the frame and raise the platform. We put a pulley on the grinder, put on a belt and carry out an idle test. Next, we conduct a full test on the potato field.
Homemade mechanical winch
In emergency situations on the roads, a homemade mechanical winch will become your indispensable assistant.
It will not take up much space in the trunk of any car and will solve the problem without involving strangers.
To operate this type of winch, only your physical strength is required. A homemade mechanical winch works on the principle of a lever.
By exerting force on the lever, you wind the cable around the axle, and the longer the lever and the greater the applied physical force, the more weight can be moved.
A winch helps you cope with numerous complex tasks, so it is desirable for every practical person to have it.
But this does not mean that you need to spend a lot of money on its acquisition. The design of the winch is quite simple and allows you to build it from improvised means.
You will need:
- a section from the pipe;
- strong cable;
- strong stick
A piece of pipe will serve as the basis for such a winch, we fix the cable on it, and we make the handle from a stick.
If there are no suitable sticks in the vicinity, we take the second piece of pipe and make a handle from it. That's all - a do-it-yourself winch is made!
When force is applied to the handle, the tube mounted on the axle begins to rotate and wind the cable around itself. The axis must be securely fastened, for example, well driven into the ground.
And this must be done at an angle so that all the elements of a home-made winch do not jump off the axis during operation.
Homemade winches for a car
Today, bad roads, numerous pits and potholes are found everywhere, which makes it difficult for the motorist to move normally.
You can easily get stuck somewhere and hope for the help of outsiders.
However, it may be delayed, so it is better to have a fallback that does not depend on external factors and helpers. In such situations, a winch can save you.
Not every car is equipped with it, because high-quality winches are quite expensive, and those that are cheaper are short-lived and do not always have enough power to save a seriously stuck car.
That is why homemade winches for a car are considered the best option.
Such winches can be either simple and do-it-yourself in a maximum of 30 minutes, or more advanced, but also homemade.
Tailored for you:Readers of "M-K" have long been familiar with the enthusiast of home-made tillage equipment, an amateur designer from Nizhny Tagil Grigory Ivanovich ODEGOV. After all, it was he who managed to develop one of the most efficient motor winches, which surpasses motor blocks, motor cutters and even microtractors in terms of performance. And this despite the fact that the engine of the Odegov motor winch is just the power unit of an old Vyatka.
Today we present you two foot operated bike winches. One of them was developed by G.I. Odegov, and the other is a modernized version of Grigory Ivanovich's winch, designed in the Evrika creative laboratory.
According to the designer of the bike winch, a pedal-driven tillage unit is much more efficient than both a shovel and a towed plow driven by one or two people.
Pedal winch G.I. Odegova is arranged as follows. It is based on a light tubular frame on which a drum is mounted, the cheeks of which are ratchet wheels. Rocking pedals with ratchet latches are mounted on the same axis. Both pedals have springs that return each to the top position. The ratchet latches are also spring loaded.
The frame of the winch is welded from steel pipes with a diameter of 22…32 mm. The drum is a piece of pipe with an outer diameter of about 300 mm, to which two steel disks with a diameter of 380 mm and a thickness of about 4 mm are welded. To turn these discs into ratchets, G.I. Odegov cut asymmetric teeth along the circumference of each - the depth of each is about 5 mm and the pitch is about 10 mm. In principle, the work could be somewhat facilitated by cutting through every second triangular cavity - this is quite enough for the normal operation of the ratchet mechanism.
In principle, it would be possible to make a simpler ratchet, as shown in our drawings. To do this, on the side surface of each of the cheeks of the drum, holes with a diameter of 8 ... 10 mm are drilled along the circumference. Of course, this also changes the design of the ratchet, as shown in the figure of the modernized bike winch.
The levers of the pedal drive of such a unit are welded, made of steel pipes of round or rectangular section. On one side of each of the levers, a sleeve is welded - a piece of steel pipe with an inner diameter of 20 mm, on the other - the axis of the pedals. The latter are easiest to pick up ready-made - from a bicycle, although it is not too difficult to make home-made ones by bending a steel strip about 3 mm thick in the shape of the letter P. When using homemade pedals as axles, you can use threaded studs welded on the outside of each of the pedal arms.
The axis of the drum and levers of the pedal drive is a steel rod with a diameter of 20 mm, the ends of which are machined to a length of 30 mm and threaded M14.
1 - drum cheek, 2 - drive lever, 3 - pedal, 4 - cable, 5 - longitudinal frame element, 6 - latch, 7 stand, 8 - brace, 9 - anchor, 10 - rear cross member, 11 - drum, 12 - front cross member, 13 - drum bushing, 14 - liners, 15 - drive lever hub, 16 - nut with washers, 17 - axle of the drum and winch drive levers, 18 - flange, 19 - ratchet pawl, 20 - ratchet spring, 21 - ear, 22 - return spring of the drive lever.
The drum of the modernized winch is a piece of steel pipe with an outer diameter of 300 mm, to which two steel disks 3 mm thick and 380 mm in diameter are welded. Holes with a diameter of 30 mm are drilled in the center of each of the disks, and nylon bushings are pressed into them (fluoroplastic, textolite or bronze can also be used).
