Sports vocabulary in English with translation. Glossary of sports terms

English words on the topic "Sport" for beginners with assignments. 30 words (minimum vocabulary) will help you say a few sentences about your favorite sport, tell you about your favorite athlete and how you keep in shape.

Sport. English words on the topic "Sport". List # 1

1. sport - sport
2. sportsman - athlete
3. sports (kinds of sports) - sports
4. sports club - sports section
5. sports school - sports school
6. do sports - go in for sports
7. do wrestling - wrestling
8. play sports (games) - play sports games
9. play basketball (chess) - play basketball (chess)
10. go skateboarding - ride a skateboard, etc.
11. go in for - to engage
12. go in for swimming - go in for swimming
13. football player - football player
14. be a fan of ... - fan
15. join a sports club - join a sports club (club)
16. to take part in…. (competitions) - take part in ... (competitions)
17. to take place in…. - go to ...
18. to win / to lose - win / lose ...
19. to win a prize / a cup - win a prize / cup
20. a winner / a loser - winner / loser
21. match - match
22. competition - competition
23. train - train
24. do training - go to training
25. at / in the skating rink - at the skating rink
26. at / in the stadium - at the stadium
27. at the football pitch - on the football field
28. at the sports ground - on the sports ground
29. in the gym - in the gym
30. in the swimming pool - in the pool

Speaking on Sports

Exercise 1.

Say what sport you played when you were ... years old and what sport you are playing now.

1. When I was ... years old, I played ...
2. Now I am playing ...

Exercise 2.Translate the assignment and say.

Say something about a competition that you saw in this kind of sport. If you know, say who the Russian champion is and who the world champion is in this kind of sport.

Use:

• basketball game; hockey game;
• tennis match; boxing match; football match; table-tennis match;
• swimming competition; racing competition; figure-skating competition; speed-skating competition.

EXAMPLE. I like to watch racing competitions. I am a racing competition fan. I saw an interesting racing competition last Thursday. … Is the Russian racing champion.

Exercise 3.Answer the questions:

1. What sport do you go in for?
2. How good are you at it?
3. Why do you think that you are good / not very good at it?
4. How often do you go in for sports?
5. Why do you go in for that sport?

Exercise 4. Replace the underlined word.

1. Football is popular in almost all the countries in the world.
2. If it begins to rain the children give up their program and go back to school.
3. When they come to their gym they change into their sports clothes.
4. He does sports every day.

Exercise 5. Translate into Russian.

a famous sportsman, kinds of sports, join a sports club, do sports, go in for wrestling, take part in competitions, take place at the stadium, win a cup, lose a game, do training, at the football pitch, at the sports ground, at the skating rink, in the gym, the winner of the competition, be a loser.

Exercise 6. If you want to go in for sports you need certain traits of character and skills. What sports skills should different sportsmen have?

• traits of character- traits
• sports skills- skills

Exercise 7. Translate from English.

1. I go in for water sport.
2. Of all outdoor games I prefer volleyball.
3. Of all indoor games I like chess best.
4. I go to the school gym three times a week.
5. I couldn’t go to the gym yesterday as I had many things to do.
6. My friend Nick does (has) his training daily.
7. He is good at westling.
8. I don’t like to watch boxing
9. I am fond of watching football matches.
10. I never miss matches of my favorite team.
11. What sports do your friends go in for?
12. Who is good at gymnastics?
13. Where does he train?
14. How often does he go to the gym?
15. What kind of sport do you like best? most of all?
16. Do you spend much time on sport?
17. Sport makes people strong and healthy.
18. If you want to keep fit you must go in for one kind of sport or another.
19. Almost every day I do some training.
20. In summer I go swimmimg.

Exercise 8.Translate to English.

1. I'm swimming.
2. Every day I go to the pool.
3. My friends love to swim too.
4. We often go to the pool together.
5. I would like Alexey to join us.
6. They often play football.
7. I also love to play football.
8. Football is played on the football field (at the football pitch).
9. Football players train every day.
10. I want them to win the match.

ANSWERS to exercise 5

1. all over the world, 2. stop. 3.put on, 4.daily

Which, to one degree or another, covers the sports theme. But when I delved into this topic in more detail, I could not help but notice a wide sports vocabulary field, which is divided into many facets. Just think how strongly sport has taken root in our lives, even if we are not its active "physical" amateurs.

An example from real life - you are watching a football broadcast, where the commentator talks about the outcome of the match only on. Naturally, in this case, you will only be imbued with football vocabulary, where time will no longer be translated as time, and goal will not be the goal. It's like English with native speakers at ACE, where you are completely immersed in the atmosphere of the English language. How many different games are there that are also unique in their vocabulary?

Let's take cards, chess, checkers? Combinations that we know in Russian as needless to say, already complex expressions in English. All this made me think about the sports theme and study it in more detail, and also put it on the shelves. I'm not saying that the selection that is already on the site has lost its uniqueness, I just want to structure useful sports vocabulary.

I almost forgot, to be continued ...

List of sports vocabulary in English with translation:

breaststroke- breaststroke (Olympic swimming style)
category- category in sports
champion- champion; first prize winner, first place winner
cloakroom- locker room
coaching- workout
crawl- crawl (swimming style)
cup- cup
cycle track- cycle track
defeat- defeat
disqualification- disqualification; denial of the right to
drawn game- draw
finale- the final
finish- the finish
forwards- attack
fullback- defender (in football)
game- game, party, match, game
goal- goal
junior- junior
kitty- con (gambling)
knockout- knockout
leader- leader
Olympiad- Olympics, Olympic Games
Olympian- Olympian
out- out
penalty- penalty
point- point
pool- swimming pool
prizewinner- prize-winner; laureate
race- mileage
races- racing
record- record
record holder- record holder, record holder
score- scoring (in the game)
stadium- stadium
tape- ribbon at the finish line
tie- equal score, draw
time- time
victory- victory
winner- the winner; first prize-winner

English related words with transcription

Good day everyone! It's no secret how important sports and a healthy lifestyle play in our life. This is probably why we are not only fond of sports at an amateur level, but also follow the victories of professional athletes, and some of us are involved in professional sports ourselves. As you may have guessed, the goal of our today's lesson is to learn how to talk about the talents and abilities of athletes in English, as well as speak English about your personal sports data.

Also today you will learn how to express your support for your favorite athletes or sports clubs in English. Get your workbook ready and let's get started! This time the Voice of America radio reporter went to one of the sports sections. There Martin Lerner decided to talk to a good coach of the group of gymnasts. They discuss the athletic profile of one of the most promising gymnasts:

Bret:Let’s watch some of the men. - Let's take a look at some athletes (men)
Martin:Can we watch the parallel bars? That young man looks really good. - Can we watch the parallel bars? That young man looks really really good
Bret:He is. He's one of the best. Notice how fast he is. - It's him. He is one of the best. Notice how fast he is
Martin:But he's very smooth. - But he very smoothly (smoothly) makes every movement
Bret: That’s the idea. He has to show lots of energy. But there can't be a break. Every movement has to be smooth. - This is the idea. He has to show a lot of energy. But there can be no break. Every movement should be smooth (smooth).

Reread the fragment of the conversation between the journalist and the trainer again. With the help of what speech patterns do they characterize the talents and abilities of a young athlete? Find and write down these lexemes while the notebook.

Remember and repeat also an interesting activity At the construction site

Now listen carefully to the audio recording of the lesson, in which the entire interview is voiced, as well as other sports vocabulary. Listen to every sound of a word or expression spoken by a professional native speaker to practice your own American pronunciation and learn to speak English the way they say in America. This is the only way to master communication skills:

Remember that the fluency of ordinary Americans is just as important a communication skill as correct English pronunciation and vocabulary. Therefore, try to listen to live American speech every day: listen to our lessons, audio books, listen to songs in English, watch American films in the original, etc. Better yet, make friends from America and communicate with them via Skype.

Sports vocabulary in English

A compact text table with words and phrases in Russian and English will help you quickly memorize new material, as well as trace the peculiarities of the use of vocabulary about sports and athletes in English. Remember also the words you learned in previous lessons.

Save the spreadsheet on your computer or print it out to review and revise new vocabulary from time to time.

Remember also a similar audio lesson from the first part of the course Favorite activities and sports

Remember to follow through Homework:

1. Learn the following words and sentences that we use to show praise and approval. Translate these expressions not in Russian:

• That young man looks really good
• He's one of the best
• It's very smooth
• I think he’s fantastic
• He is really talented
• He’s wonderful
• He got a silver medal
• The girl's wonderful on the balance beam
• His movements are so smooth
• I like the rings
• That is my best event
• That's how I got to the Olympics.

2. Translate into English and write down the expressions in your workbook:

• I think he is a very talented athlete
• Barbara won the gold medal
• She is one of the best athletes
• I like her style

• Abu-l-Fatah- Tajik chess player of 11-12 centuries, author of "The Book of Chess"
• Abu Naim Al-Khadim- 9th century Central Asian chess player, author of an extinct book about chess
• Chess machine- a device in which the game is played by an invisible chess player
• Adli ar-Rumi- Byzantine chess player of the 9th century, the author of the now lost treatise on chess (shatranj)
• Azil- purebred Arabian horse
• AIBA- International Amateur Boxing Association
• Aikido- type of combat combat
• Aiki-jutsu- Japanese medieval wrestling
• Icing- in ice hockey, throwing the puck through two zones, after which the referees stop the game
• Axel- jump in figure skating
• Albena-tournaments- traditional chess tournaments held in the Bulgarian city of Albena
• FIDE album- a collection of the best works of chess composers in the world for a certain period of time
• American Chess Beluten- American chess magazine, published from 1904 to 1963
• English party- e2-e4, e7-e5 2.Ng1-f3, Nb8-c6 3.c2-c3
• English beginning- 1.с2-с4
• Anti-critical move
• Antiform- a term in chess composition
• Uppercut- punch in boxing from bottom to top
• Arbitrator- judge
• Aristocrat- a chess composition in which only pieces are present
• Asi-ate- kicks in combat judo
• Ate-waza- jab strikes in vulnerable spots in judo
• Atemi- a blow to a vital organ, to a vulnerable point
• Out- the ball goes beyond the sideline
• Outside- flank striker in football
• Outsider- the team at the end of the tournament table.

• Bandage- part of a boxer's equipment that protects against possible blows below the belt
• Baden-Baden chess tournaments- have been held in the German resort of Baden-Baden since the 19th century
• Buggy- sports car, in equestrian sports - phaeton
• Banquet- an artificial obstacle - an earthen embankment up to 175 cm high, 350-450 cm wide and 3.5-14 m long, onto which the horse must jump, and then jump off it
• Barrier jumps- a kind of obstacle racing in equestrian sports
• Batman- blow with a weapon in fencing on the enemy's blade in order to shake it or bring it out of the target surface
• Butterfly- swimming style, the athlete's arms move forward synchronously, making a vertical blow on the water
• Bauer- leg positioning element in figure skating
• Running lap- a track for training and testing horses in equestrian sports. Length - 1067 - 1600 m, width 12-16 m.
• Beck- defender in football
• White rook- All-Russian competitions in chess for school teams
• White combinations- topic in chess problems
• Berlin galaxy- the unification of Berlin chess players in 1836-1845, by their actions that contributed to the spread of chess in Germany
• Beast(from the surname Bestemyanov) - an element in figure skating
• Mad figure- an unprotected piece attacking the opponent's king, which cannot be captured due to the threat of stalemate
• Biathlon Is a winter sport. Cross-country skiing with rifle shooting
• Van der Linde-Niemeyer Library- the world's largest repository of chess books
• Big air- snowboard discipline: ski jumping
• Biellmann- figure skating element: standing rotation with free leg skate gripping with both hands behind the head
• Blitz- lightning game
• Side- punch in boxing with a bent arm at the elbow
• Bo-jutsu- pole fencing in Japan
• Fighting Paolo- famous Italian chess player of the 16th century
• Great National Steeplechase- one of the most difficult equestrian competitions in the world. It has been played annually since 1836 in Liverpool at the Entry Racecourse. Distance 4 miles 856 yards (7218 m) with 32 jumps
• Great Pardubice steeple chase- the most difficult equestrian competition in continental Europe. Played since 1875 at the Pardubice hippodrome in the Czech Republic at a distance of 6900 m with 30 obstacles
• Bonification- in cycling, bonus time awarded for victories at the intermediate and final finish and deducted from the total result
• "Bonus socius" ("Good comrade")- a treatise in 13th century Latin, including about chess
• Bordecross- snowboard discipline: collective descent
• Breaststroke- swimming style: face down, legs horizontal and move in sync
• Break point- score in tennis, in which the receiving player can win the opponent's serve with one hit
• British Chess Magazine- the oldest chess magazine in the world
• Hook throw- in basketball, throwing the ball with one hand over the head in a circular motion of the hand
• "Brack"- the referee's command, according to which boxers must take a step back and continue the fight without other commands
• Budapest gambit- 1.d2-d4 Kg8-f6 2.c2-c4 e7-55 3.de Kg4
• Bullitt- free throw in hockey (see) with a puck
• Backhand- punch in tennis
• Chess bulletins- periodicals informing about the events of chess life

• Waza- techniques in kempo
• Wa-jutsu- a set of exercises in ju-jutsu
• Wai jia- hard styles in kempo
• Valley- jump in one turn on the move in figure skating
• Throw-in- in ice hockey, the referee puts the puck into play from a certain point after stopping
• Wijk aan Zee- a city in the Netherlands, the site of the largest chess super tournaments
• Cyclocross- a type of cycling competition on rough terrain at distances from 15 to 50 km.
• Bike tour- bicycle road multi-day race organized along the traditional route between cities
• "Veltgeshichte des shahs"- a multivolume collection of games of the world's leading chess players, published in Hamburg from 1958 to 1972
• Hungarian Party- 1.e4 e5 2. Kf3 Kc6 3. Bc4 Ce7
• Vienna Party- 1.e4 e5 2. Kc3 Kf6 (Kc6)
• Screw- rotation in figure skating in a standing position
• Winger- extreme attacking midfielder in football
• Hanging pawns- usually the central and bishop pawns on the same rank, not protected by other pawns
• Hanging figures- figures devoid of protection
• Vice-skip- the third curling player. He helps the captain in choosing a strategy and shows with a brush where the captain needs to go.
• Volga gambit- opening in chess 1.d4 Kf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5
• Spinning top- rotation while sitting in figure skating
• Freestyle)- swimming style (crawl)
• Volt- 1. Figure of dressage, movement in a circle with a diameter of 6 m.
  2. In competitions on overcoming obstacles volts - the crossing of a horse's track anywhere in the jumping field. Considered disobedience to the horse and penalized (Source http://ruchampions.com/glossarium/8-slovar-terminov-konnogo-sporta.html)
• Lunge- movement of the fencer forward from the fighting stance by pushing behind the standing leg and then supporting on the forward standing leg

• Gallop- the fastest horse movement
• Gallop on three legs
• Gambit- a chess term meaning an opening in which White sacrifices material to obtain a more winning position
• Blackmar-Deamer Gambit- 1.d2-d4 d7-d5 2.e2-e4 (d4 d5 2.e4 de 3.f3)
• Blumfeld's Gambit- d4 Kf6 2.c4 e6 3.Kf3 c5 4.d5 b5
• Wagner's gambit- 1.f4 f5 2.e4 e3 3.d3 ed 4. C: d3 Kf6 5.Kf3 d5 6.0-0
• Gampe-Allgayer Gambit- 1.e4 e5 2. Kc3 Kc6 3.f4 ef 4. Kf3 g5 5.h4 g4 6. Kg5 h6 7.K: f7 Kр: f7 8.d4 d5 9.C: f4 Cb4
• Göring's Gambit- 1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.d4 ed 4.c3 d5 ...
• Steinitz's gambit- chess debut. 1.e2-e4 e7-e5 2.Kb1-c3 Kb8-c6 3.f2-f4 e5: f4 4.d2-d4 !? Qh4 +
• Handicap- advantage
• Boxing handicap- equalizing the chances of competition participants, is achieved by dividing boxers by weight categories
• Guard- the player in curling, the defender, is placed in front of a well-standing stone (or the place where it will be placed), which must be protected from being knocked out
• Garda- a metal shield on the hilt of a weapon in fencing to protect the wrist from pricks
• "Garde"- obsolete warning in chess when attacking a queen
• Hastings tournaments- Christmas chess tournaments in the English city of Hastings, held since 1920
• Hexa-trick- six goals scored by a player in one match
• Göttingen manuscript- a treatise by an unknown author of the 15th century, marking the final transition from shatranj to modern chess
• Gith- in cycling, overcoming a certain distance (usually 500 m, 1000 m) for a while, there is a hit from the spot and from the move.
• Goal- the ball crossing the goal line in team sports, the objective of the game
• Goalkeeper- goalkeeper
• Go no sen- seizing the initiative in a duel
• Dutch defense- 1.d2-d4 2.f7-f5
• Pursuit- in cycling, an individual or team race on a track at a distance of 4 km, when a simultaneous start is given on opposite straights;
• Gregory- in cycling, an athlete who subordinates his personal interests to the team struggle or the interests of the team leader
• Groggy- a one-time deterioration in the condition of a boxer on his feet after receiving an accurate blow to the rebounds.
• Grandmaster- the highest rank in drafts and chess
• Grandmaster Draw- draw in chess without a fight

• Dan- degree of mastery in kempo
• Dual lead- violation of the rules in basketball: the resumption of dribbling after a player has stopped and picked up the ball.
• Debut- the beginning of a chess (checkers) game
• Debut of Van Cruis- 1.e2-e3
• Ponziani debut- see English part
• Byrd's debut- 1.f2-f4
• Reti's debut- chess start 1. Kg1-f3 d7-d5 2.c2-c4 d5-d4 3. 3.g2-g3 Kg8-f6 4.Cf1-g2 d5: c4 (many variations)
• Debut of four knights- 1.e2-e4 e7-e5 2.Kg1-f3 Kb8-c6 3.Kb1-c3 Kg8-f6
• Nine- slang name of the upper corners of the gate alignment
• Derby- a sports duel between teams from the same city; the main prize, which has been raffled since 1780 at the Epsom Racetrack in England for three-year-old purebred stallions and mares; major traditional competitions in classic equestrian sports
• Calculation tree- a set of options that need to be considered when calculating a position in chess, checkers
• Baby mat- 1.e4 e5 2.Cc4 Cc5 3.Ff3 Kc6 4.F: f7x
• Jackson- an element of figured cathnia: a step consisting of several microelements
• Jeb- short sharp punch in boxing to the head
• Joker (slang)- a footballer who comes on as a substitute, but is able to change the course of the game in favor of his club
• zanshin- parrying blow
• jiyu-kumite- free sparring in karate
• jigo-kamae- low stance in karate
• jissen kempo- combat kempo
• jujutsu- a complex of martial arts with and without weapons in medieval Japan
• judo- single combat
• dzyure- the degree of skill in sumo wrestling
• jarai- archery competitions in Japan
• Diagonal- the most powerful, tall and jumpy players in volleyball, attack mainly from the back line, do not participate in the reception.
• diagram- an image of a position in chess, checkers in manuscripts, books, etc.
• Dig- defensive blow in volleyball, performed in a throw, lifting the ball upward with a blow with the back of the hand
• Dispatcher- footballer leading the game, the main passer, a very rare figure in the teams
• Deutsche Shahtsaytung- "German Chess Journal", published from 1846 to 1989
• House- position in curling: a circle at the end of the ice strip, formed by four concentric circles with a diameter from 6 inches (15 cm) to 6 feet (182 cm), resembling a target and in fact it is
• Additional time- appointed in case of a tie to determine the winner. In football, this is 2 halves of 15 minutes.
• Dotmund tournaments- an annual chess competition that began in 1928
• dohyo- a platform for sumo wrestling
• dohyo-iri- parade of participants in a sumo match
• Dribbling- a set of feints for dribbling the opponent
• Dro- throwing a stone in curling in order to put the stone in the right place without hitting other stones along the way
• Double- in football: a team wins a championship and a national cup in one season; two goals scored by a player during the match; reserve team.
• Double-ve- tactical layout of players in football: 1 + 3 + 2 + 5
• Arc- figure skating element: sliding on one leg on the outside or inside ribs, forward or backward
• Stupid mate- 1.f4 e6 2.g4 Fh4x
• deasi-barai- hooking, reception in judo

• yoko-geri- karate kick
• yokozuna- absolute champion in sumo
• yokosutemi-waza- throws from a prone position on the sides in judo
• Herringbone- movement in figure skating, the most basic step

• Pole- in equestrian competitions, a constituent element of obstacles with a diameter of 10-12 cm, a length of 4 m
• Jockey- a rider professionally engaged in training and racing tests of riding horses

• Fence- in equestrian competitions, a sheer obstacle made of poles or boards, which the horse must overcome.
• Task- a chess composition in which White is asked to win in a certain number of moves. Differ tasks-jokes, tasks-blocks, twin tasks
• Betting problem- solving a problem for a stake. Were common in the 14-15th centuries
• Zairab Ktay (Rarrab Katai)- famous Central Asian shatranj player
• Closed beginnings- opening in chess, when White's first move is to transfer any other than the king's pawn to 1-2 squares, or the king's knight
• Party recording- reflection of the running game by means of chess, checkers notation
• Zaseka- the type of obstacles in equestrian competitions. Consists of a wooden rail on poles, inside of which there is brushwood or live shrubs
• Benoni Defense- chess start: 1.d2 - d4 c7 - c5 or d2-d4 Kg8-f6 2.c2-c4 c7-c5
• Grunfeld Defense- 1.d4 f6 2.c4 g6 3.Kc3 d5 ...
• Defense of two knights- 1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.Cc4 Kf6 4.Kg5 d5
• Karo-Kan Defense- 1.e2-e4 c7-c6 2.d2-d4 d7-d5 3.Kb1-c3 d5: e4 4.Kc3: e4 Cc8-f5 (there are several options)
• Nimzowitsch Defense- chess opening. 1.d2-d4 Kg8-f6 2.c2-c4 e7-e6 3.Kb1-c3 Cf8-b4. Further, several options for the 4th move
• Golden goal- a goal in extra time, after which the team scoring the ball becomes the winner of the game. The Golden Goal rule applies in hockey
• Conflict zone- the area between the host volleyball players. Submission to the conflict zone makes it very difficult to receive
• Zone protection- defensive action in basketball, in which the players guard the area of ​​the throw under their basket. Each player is attached to a specific zone and opposes any player of the opposing team in it. The placement of players in zones determines the options for zone defense: 2-1-2, 3-2, 2-3, 1-3-1, etc.

• blind play- a way of playing chess-checkers, when one or both players make moves without looking at the board
• Wall game- football trick, when a player gives the ball to another and immediately receives it back
• pen game- correspondence game of chess, when players transmit their moves via mail
• isolated pawn- a term in chess: a pawn that does not have pawns of the same color on the lower files
• ikkazo
• individual coefficient or rating- a numerical indicator of the achievements of a chess player, checker player
• indian defense- 1.d2-d4 Kg8-f6 (see King's Indian Defense)
• Amble- horse step
• Inside- a forward in football, located between the attacking and midfield players
• Hippology- horse science
• ippon- clear victory in judo
• iri-mi- straight-line movements in aiki-do
• Artificial gait- an element of the higher school of riding in equestrian sports
• spanish party- 1.e4 e5 2.Kf3 Kc6 3.Cb5 Cc5 4.0-0 Kf6 (there are different options)
• Spanish (school) walk and trot- an element of the higher school of riding in equestrian sports
• italian party- 1.e4 e5
  2. Kf3 Kc6
  3.c4 c5
  4.d3 Kf6
  5. Kc3 d6
  6.Cg5 K: b3
  8.ab Ce6
  9.0-0 Cb6
  10. Ke2 h6
  11.Ce3 0-0
  12.h3 Kd7 13.d4 f5

• Caissa- poem by W. Jones (1772), which mentions a chess game
• kakari- the beginning of the attack in judo
• kake- getting closer to the opponent in kempo
• kamae- fighting stance
• Comeback- a situation in which one of the football teams was inferior in the score, but was able to equalize or win
• Stone- 20-kg disk-like smooth curling projectile - a piece of stone (usually granite) equipped with a handle
• Ditch- type of obstacle 200-450 cm wide in equestrian competitions
• kan-keko- winter "in the cold" exercises in kempo schools
• kansetsu-waza- grips in judo, clamps and locks
• kan-hu- "hand-spear" finger jabs
• Cantilever- the element of figured cathnia: a ship-like spiral
• capoeira- related camp species of Brazilian wrestling
• Caravan- in cycling a general group of riders in a race
• karate- type of sports and combat martial arts
• karate-gi- uniform suit in karate
• Career- horse movement: fast gallop
• katame-waza- grips in judo
• kata- sets of formal exercises
• Catalan origin- chess debut. 1.d2-d4 Kg8-f6 2.c2-c4 e7-e6 3.g2-g3 d7-d5 4.Cf1-g2
• Catenaccio- a tough tactical defensive scheme that appeared in the 60s in Italy
• Cat shot- hitting the ball in volleyball, after which the ball flies at an acute angle along the net
• Cafe "Regence"- a popular meeting place in Paris for chess lovers, operated from 1681 to the mid-1950s
• Kerler- curling player
• kiri-komi- punch in judo
• Kihon-waza- basic technique in kempo
• Kihon Dosa- basic movement in aiki-do
• Clergy- a throw in curling, in which both the opponent's stone and their own stone are out of the game
• Clinch- mutual capture of boxers during the fight, which is resorted to for a short respite, to pin down the attacking actions of the opponent
• Cobra- hitting the ball in volleyball, performed by rigidly fixed fingers. At this point, the player's hand movements resemble a cobra throw.
• komusubo- the degree of skill in sumo
• Show jumping- equestrian competition
• Time control in chess- first introduced in the Harwitz-Löwenthal match in 1853
• Counterstrike- a blow in boxing, delivered at the moment of an opponent's attack
• Ship- one of the main elements of figure skating: sliding on two legs on the outer or inner edges
• Corner- corner kick in football
• Corporate mat- in the chess problem Black does not resist, but helps White to win in a certain number of moves
• Box- the technique of tactical combat in cycling, expressed in the deliberate environment of the opponent by interested competing racers, which excludes the possibility of his free movement in the group at the moment of the race
• King's gambit- chess debut. 1.e2-e4 e7-e5 2.f2-f4 (further different options)
• Royal fianchetto- chess debut. 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Cg7
• Critical fields- chess. term: squares, the penetration of which by pieces puts the opposing side in a dangerous position
• Crawl- swimming style (free)
• koshi-waza- throw over the hip
• koshi no mawari- the old name of sumo
• Crossing- prohibited technique of cycling, which is expressed in a sharp change in the direction of the rider and creates a danger of falling for other riders
• Crosspiece- in equestrian sports: an obstacle consisting of 2 poles crossing in a vertical plane
• Cross- strike in tennis diagonally; passing a soccer ball from one of the flanks to the center of the field; in equestrian sports, jumping with obstacles on rough terrain, in athletics, an obstacle course, in boxing, a counter blow through the opponent's hand
• Crossbilman- figure skating element: spiral with the opposite hand grabbing the skate of the free leg
• Crossroll- figure skating element: movement with a change of foot and direction of sliding
• Hook- figure skating step, used mainly in ice dancing
• kudausi- "loosening", reception in judo
• kumade- "bear paw" - kick in karate
• kumi-uchi- combat sports of two rivals
• kung fu- accepted in the West name of the Chinese kempo
• keiko- training in kempo
• camari- ball game in medieval Japan; string name of sumo
• kempo (jap.)- system of martial arts
• ken-do- sword fencing
• kenshi- master, teacher of fencing
• Carrigan- figure skating element: a spiral in the swallow position with a grasp of the knee of the free leg with the same hand
• kesa-giri- admission to ken-do
• kesho-mawashi- parade belt of a sumo wrestler
• kyu- the initial degree of mastery (rank) in karate
• kyusho- vulnerable points in kempo

• Rook endings Is a term in chess. Endings with only rooks and pawns
• Linesman- line referee
• Martin- figure skating element
• Lateral (it.)- full-back in football, covering the entire curb
• Legionary- a footballer who does not have the citizenship of the country in whose championship he plays
• Easy party- chess game outside the tournament, time control and recording of moves
• Light figures- in chess: horses and bishops
• Libero- a free defender in football, a special defensive player in volleyball, must be the stronghold of the team in defense, have an explosive reaction, quickness of movement, accuracy of finishing the ball to the setter, anticipate the actions of the opponent, read the development of the game in order to be in the right place at the right time.
• Libela- rotation in the swallow position in figure skating
• Linares Tournaments- chess super tournaments held in the Spanish city of Linares from 1978 to 2011
• False- a punch in boxing that distracts the opponent's attention
• London tournament- the first international chess tournament, held in 1851
• Lutz- jump in figure skating

• ma-ami- correct calculation of time and space in combat combat
• mawashi-geri- circular kick in karate
• makiwari- the simplest trainer for practicing strikes in kempo
• makushita- the degree of skill in sumo
• makuuchi- "major league" of sumo wrestlers
• Arena- riding ground in the shape of a rectangle measuring 20 × 40 or 20 × 60 meters
• Suit- a sign of a horse, determined by the color of the hair of the head, neck, body and limbs and protective hair of the mane, tail and brushes. The main colors of horses are black, bay, red and gray; derivatives from them - karak, brown, playful, dun, nighting, savrasa, kauray, mouse, roan, piebald, chubaraya
• Mansuba- the task in the shatrange, the predecessor of modern tasks and studies
• Manhattan Chess Club- the oldest chess club in the United States, existed in New York from 1877 to 2002
• masutemi-waza- throws from a prone position in judo
• Mat- check to the king in chess, from which there is no defense
• Match-ball- an account in tennis, in which a player can win a match with one blow
• Challenger matches- stage of the world championship, identifying a contender for a duel with the world champion
• maegasira- the degree of skill in sumo
• mae-geri- kick forward in karate
• memorials of Capablanca- traditional chess super tournaments in Cuba
• International Chess Federation- FIDE. Created on December 2, 1928 in Berlin
• Midgame- middle of a chess game
• Mogul- part of the freestyle, downhill skiing on a hilly slope (on hillocks, or moguls)
• Lightning fast game- blitz. The entire chess game is given 5 minutes
• Morphy Paul Charles- the strongest chess player of the mid-19th century
• Mohawk- figure skating movement, step using both legs
• menkyo- Master of the highest initiation in kempo

• nage-waza- throws in judo, aiki-do
• "On the back"- swimming style: face up, feet underwater
• Invalid injection- applied to the fencer's unaffected surface
• Halter- a bridle without a bit, an item of stable use, intended for keeping a horse on a leash and taking it out of the stable
• Unaffected surface- parts of the fencer's body, attacks in which do not count
• No ball- kick in tennis, when the ball flies to the opponent's side, touching the net
• "Everlasting Party"- played chess by Andersen and Dufresne in 1852
• Nikajo- the sequence of receptions in aiki-do
• nogare- the way of breathing in kempo
• Boots- horse safety shoes
• Knockdown- the position of the boxer after a missed kick, when he cannot continue the fight for 8-9 seconds.
• Knockout- the position of the boxer after a missed kick, when he is unable to continue the fight for 10 seconds or more
• Chess notation- system for recording game moves
• nuki-kake- holding a reception in judo
• nuntyaku (nunchucks)- weapons of sticks connected by a rope

• Outline- kick in tennis on the right or left from the depth of the court
• "Monkey game"- the name of the chess game, when one of the players repeats the moves of the other
• Free throw area- is a trapezoid with a semicircle at the top. The base of the trapezoid is a six-meter segment of the endline under the basket, and the top is the free throw line 3 m 60 cm long. The height of the trapezoid is 5 m 80 cm. A circle is drawn at the top of the trapezoid, the diameter of which is the free throw line ().
• Reverse cross- strike in tennis diagonally from the right from the left half of the court or from the left - from the right
• Butt- fencing. Thickened edge of the saber blade
• Sheep corral- a system of obstacles in show jumping or cross-country in equestrian sports, which looks like a fenced area. Can be overcome in two jumps: inside and out of the pen
• ozeki- champion in sumo
• Single axel- jump one and a half turns in figure skating when moving forward
• One pace- access to a shot in volleyball and a simultaneous jump in one or different zones of two or three attackers
• Oiler- jump in figure skating.
• Auxer- an obstacle in equestrian sports, consisting of 2 parallel elements with a third located between them
• Olympic system- competitions with the elimination of the losers in each round
• Omnium- cycling all-around, including several types of races
• Organized block- correctly constructed closed group block in volleyball, covering the most probable direction of the attacker's blow
• Fencing weapons- rapiers, swords, sabers, consisting of a blade, guard, handle
• osae-walza- "capture", reception in judo
• Oscar chess- an annual prize for a chess player who has achieved the best sports and creative results over the past 12 months
• Detachment- in cycling, the departure of a small group or one rider from the main or head group ahead
• Open line- a chess file free of pawns
• Open beginnings- in chess openings 1.e4 e5
• Offside- offside position in football

• Palisade- in equestrian sports, a vertical obstacle in the form of a picket fence
• Parallel bars- high-latitude obstacle from 2 parallel poles, fixed on racks
• Parkour- a set of obstacles located on the competition site to overcome them. The athlete must pass parkour along the established route, keeping within the norm of time and making the minimum number of mistakes
• Pass- passing the ball to a partner
• Passage- an element of the higher school of riding in equestrian sports
• Pat- a situation in a chess game when the person who has the right to move cannot make it, so his pieces are deprived of the opportunity to move
• Peleton- the main group of cyclists in the group road race
• Pendal- jump in figure skating
• Penalty (from English penalty)- 11 meter free kick in football
• Penta trick- five goals scored by a football player during the match
• pencak- a kind of kempo in Indonesia and Malaya
• First pace- a variant of an attack in volleyball, in which the setter passes the ball with a short pass to a player from the third zone
• Cross- oncoming blow in boxing, delivered with a bias to the other side
• Carry ball- a ball that flies to the opponent's side not high above the volleyball net, allowing you to score a point by attack from the first hit
• Period- the third part (20 minutes) of the ice hockey match
• Pawn endings- the situation in a chess game, when besides kings there are only pawns on the board
• Pawn- the weakest chess piece
• Piaffe- an element of the higher school of riding in equestrian sports
• Pyramid- in equestrian sports, a high-latitude obstacle for show jumping (see), consisting of three poles, located one after another at a gradually increasing height
• Pirouette- an element of the higher school of riding in equestrian sports
• Glider- gliding serve in volleyball, in which the ball flies at low speed along an unstable trajectory
• Playmaker- passer, game organizer
• Girth- part of the horse harness, wide strong belt, covers the horse's body from below and from both sides and holds the saddle on it
• Jogging- movement in figure skating, step for movement in a circle
• Positional play- in chess, the movement of pieces and pawns to improve their position
• Poker- four goals scored by one player in a football match
• Semi-bilman- figure skating element: a spiral with the grip of the skate of the free leg with the same hand
• Poucher- striker in football, playing on the verge of an offside position
• Poker- four goals scored by a football player during the match.
• Semi-open beginnings- in chess. Black's answer to White's e4 is whatever he likes, but not e5
• Landing- the position of the rider in the saddle
• Right side stand- in boxing, an athlete's fighting stance, in which his right arm, shoulder, thigh and leg are in front of the analogous parts of the left-sided half of the body.
• Pawn transformation- a pawn that reaches the 8th rank of the opponent can be replaced by any piece other than the king
• Obstacles- in equestrian sports facilities for show jumping and steeplechase. They are steep, latitudinal, high-latitudinal, cannot be higher than 170 cm and wider than 200 cm, the maximum width of the ditch is 450 cm.
• Pressure- collective selection of the ball across the entire field, dense, active defense in order to force the attackers to hasty actions, leading to mistakes. Often used by a team that loses in the last minutes of the game
• Touching the figure- in ordinary life the rule is "take it - walk", in the terminology of professionals "the figure is touched - the figure is played"
• Prologue- in cycling, a traditional race with a split start for a short distance (about 4-10 km), which opens with a multi-day race
• Passed pawn- does not have an opponent's pawns in front of him and on the side
• Five- in ice hockey, the part of the team playing at a given time. Consists of a trio of forwards (see) and a pair of defenders. Usually the fives are in the same lineup.
• 5 seconds- the time in basketball allowed for a player to throw the ball into the game and break through a technical or free throw

• Razi ar-Razi- one of the first Iroks in Shatranj, a resident of Iran
• randori- free sparring in judo
• rapier- piercing weapons of sports fencing up to 110 cm long, weighing up to 500 g
• Reverse- hit in tennis from the summer over the head
• Competition regulations- the rules for the tournament
• Readingot- an elongated fitted jacket made of dense material with a black velvet collar. Traditional clothing of riders in koono obstacle course and triathlon competition
• Remiz- attack in fencing after a collision with the enemy's defense in order to anticipate the response
• Referee- football referee (same as referee)
• rikishi- sumo wrestler
• Rietberger- jump in figure skating
• Dash
• Lynx- the movement of the horse. It alternately steps over with diagonal pairs of legs: right front - left back, left front - right back
• renzoku-waza- "ligaments", training exercises in kempo
• Rancy- coach-mentor
• ryu- school of martial arts

• Saber- thrusting and cutting weapons of sports fencing up to 105 cm long, weighing up to 500 g.
• Salchow- jump in figure skating
• sappo- the art of hitting vulnerable points in kempo
• Candle- kick in tennis so that the ball goes high over the wall
• Swing- side kick in boxing with a swing
• Swiper- free defender in football
• Swipe- "sweep" the ice with a curling brush to form a thin film of water that prolongs the movement of the stone
• Tied pawns- pawns of the same color located on adjacent files
• Binder- determines the game and attack options in volleyball
• Simultaneous game session- a game of chess, when one chess player plays with several
• Save- hard-to-hit ball hit by the goalkeeper
• Season- the time period when all official football matches are played
• Set Ball- score in tennis, in which a player can win a set with one hit
• shiatsu- capture with throw and hold in kempo
• shime-waza- "castle", fighting technique
• sin-tai- retreat-offensive tactics in karate
• Berger's system
• Buchholz system- a system of coefficients for determining places in a chess tournament
• Coefficient system- a method of comparing the results of two or more chess players who scored the same number of points
• shihan- senior mentor at kempo school, head of the school
• shiho-nage- throw "on four sides" in aiki-do
• Skip- team captain in curling, chief strategist
• Bracket- an element of figure skating: turn on one leg with a change of the edge and direction of movement
• Slice- "cut" hit in tennis
• Horse racing- one of the equestrian sports, including hurdles and steeplechases, held at the hippodrome, as well as cross-country crossings.
• Bracket- figure skating movement: turn on one leg
• Slalom- movement at speed along a certain route with obstacles, distinguish between giant slalom, super-giant, parallel slalom, most often when the mention of slalom refers to mountain skiing and snowboarding
• Slider- slippery sole of the boot for the curling player
• Change- in ice hockey, players are replaced during the match, it happens every 1-2 minutes, often without stopping the game
• Mix- an attacking hit in tennis overhead, by which the ball is "extinguished"
• Snowboard- descent from the mountain on a special equipment (snowboard)
• sosin-kamae- kempo stand with support on one knee
• Sicilian Defense- opening in chess 1.e2-e4 c7-c5 and a huge number of variations
• Contested ball- a situation in basketball when two players from opposite teams simultaneously grab the ball. In addition, the referee may designate a held ball when the player in possession is so tightly patched that he can neither kick the ball nor pass it to a partner for a full 5 seconds. A held ball is played by a jump ball between the jumpers in the nearest circle of the court
• Sprint- race (race) for the shortest distance in this sport
• Sprint in cycling- race for a short distance (two or three laps, 1 km), excluding time, in which the driver's place at the finish line plays the main role
• Wall- at competitions in show jumping, a high-rise obstacle in the form of a wall made mainly of wood and painted like a brick or stone
• Steeplechase- in equestrian sport, cross-country jump to a pre-agreed point
• Stopper- defensive defender in football
• Striker (from the English strike, to beat or from the English striker, hammer)- a prominent central forward in football
• Strath- direct punch in boxing
• Stay- throwing a stone in curling, in which an opponent's stone is knocked out, and his own takes its place
• suvari-waza- fighting techniques in a sitting position
• Old Indian Defense- chess debut. 1.d2-d4 Kg8-f6 2.c2-c4 g7-g6 3.Nb1-c3 (or 3.g2-g3) Bf8-g7
• sumo- Japanese heavyweight wrestling
• suri-asi- sliding movement of the legs during transitions to kempo
• sutemi-waza- throw from a prone position
• One-act fight (two, three-act, multi-act)- consisting of one action (two, three, many actions) of the fencer, as well as the opposition of the enemy
• seiko-shihan- Honored Master in Kempo
• sekivake- the degree of skill in sumo
• sen o-sen- synchronous counterstrike
• sensei- teacher, master
• seoi-nage- throw over the back in judo
• sechie-zumo- ritual tournaments in sumo
• shugyo- practice kempo
• shumatsu dose- "fixing movement" from aiki-do
• Surlyas- in cycling, the tactical technique of conducting a race, which is expressed in standing on a bicycle in one place, is used in sprint races
• xiangpu- a kind of unified fighting in ancient China

• tai sabaki- techniques of maneuvering in kempo
• Tie break- thirteenth decisive game
• taing- Burmese variety of kempo
• Half- part of the match. In football - 45 minutes
• takueuma- breaking bricks, boards, tiles in kempo
• Tandem- two-seater bike, a team of two athletes
• tanshin- fighting stance in karate
• tao- a set of formal exercises in quan-shu
• tati- fighting stance in kempo
• tachi-waza- standing wrestling techniques
• tate-ken- vertical position of the fist in kempo
• tatsujin- kempo master
• taekwang-do- modern complex of Korean kempo
• Twizzle- figure skating step, which is mainly used in ice dancing
• TKO- victory is awarded to one of the boxers due to a clear advantage, the opponent's refusal to continue the fight, damage received by the opponent, disqualification of the opponent for breaking the rules
• Technical foul- in basketball, intentional technical violation or unsportsmanlike behavior of a player.
• Tee- in curling - the center of the "home" (see)
• T-line- in curling - a line crossing the center of the "house" (see)
• Todes- element in pair figure skating
• Push- exercise in weightlifting
• tomoe-nage- type of throw in judo
• tori mawashi- sumo wrestler belt
• Topsin- backspin kick in tennis
• Tote (French totalisateur)- 1. A counting machine (originally a mechanical counter) at hippodromes, on which counting is - a game for money, organized through special cash desks, where bets on sports results are accepted and winnings calculated by a totalizator machine are paid.
• Treatise of Alphonse the Wise- a 13th century book about various board games, compiled by order of King Leon
• Transfer- the transfer of an athlete for money from one club to another
• Transfer window- the period of time when players are allowed to move from one club to another
• Three second zone- In basketball, the portion of the free throw area bounded by the trapezoid. The markup is included in the dimensions of the three-second zone
• Three seconds- the rule in basketball, according to which the attacker cannot stay for more than 3 seconds in the restricted area of ​​the opposing team's free throw area. An exception is made for the player attacking the basket
• Thirty seconds- the rule in basketball, according to which the attackers must make a throw to the basket within 30 seconds from the moment of possession of the ball. Otherwise, the ball is passed to the defending team.
• Troika- movement in figure skating: turn on one leg with a change of rib and direction of movement; three forwards, playing in the same lineup, in ice hockey. There are usually four striker triplets on a hockey team.
• Triple axel- a jump of three and a half revolutions in figure skating in forward motion
• Trot- slow and short trot (stride length about 2 meters)
• tui fa- foot technique in chuan shu
• Sheepskin coat- jump in figure skating, there are double, triple, quadruple
• Candidates Tournament- stage of the world championship, when a candidate for a match with the world champion is determined in the tournament
• te- hand-to-hand combat system in Okinawa
• te-waza- hand technique in kempo
• Take-out- a strong throw of a stone in curling, the purpose of which is to knock someone else's stone out of the "house" (see). There are three types of take throws: clear, stey, and hit and roll.
• Tap-back- a throw that must move an already standing stone to a certain point
• tenkan- "turn", aiki-do reception
• tenchi-nage- throw of "heaven and earth" in aiki-do
• Heavy figures- in chess queen and rook
• pull-otosi- type of throw in judo
• tiao yao- jumping technique in chuan-shu

• ude-ate- punches in combat judo and ju-jutsu
• Bridle- a part of horse equipment and harness intended for driving a horse
• An injection- in fencing, the touch of the blade tip to the enemy's target surface with a certain force, fixed by an electric fixator
• Intentional foul- in basketball, intentional violation of the rules by a player
• Simplification of the position- chess. term: reduction by exchange of pieces and pawns in the game
• Harness- harness, a device for transferring traction of a horse to a cart
• WUXI- International Union of Cyclists (Union Cicliste Internationale - UCI). Founded in 1900.
• uchi-mata- reception in judo
• woo- a complex of classical martial arts in China
• hakuda- the ancient name of sumo
• hanmi hantachi-waza- techniques of fighting from a sitting position against a standing one
• hane makikomi- reception in judo
• Happa undo- movement "to the eight sides of the world" in aiki-do and other types of wrestling
• Hook- short side kick in boxing

• Queen's endings- chess. term. Position when only queens and pawns remain on the board besides kings
• Queen's Gambit- openings in chess, when White immediately attacks the central d5 pawn. Starts with moves 1.d2-d4 d7-d5 2.c2-c4 Distinguish: Accepted Queen's Gambit, Refused Queen's Gambit, Albin's Counter-Gambit, Slav Defense
• Queen- the strongest chess piece (queen in common parlance)
• Fencing- single combat with melee sports weapons
• Fianquetting- flank development of the chess bishop in the opening
• FIDE- International Chess Federation
• Filidor F.A.- the strongest chess player of the second half of the 18th century
• Finishing line- in auto-moto-bicycle races, the width of the carriageway, limited by the finishing racks
• Checkbox- Figure skating element: the free leg is lifted upside-down into a transverse split and held there by the hand of the same name
• Flip- jump in figure skating
• Foul- violation of the rules in a sports game
• Handicap- an advantage provided by one of the players to another
• Forward (from the English forward)- striker
• Forehead- right hand with an open racket in tennis
• Frieze- in curling - a setting stone. Placed directly in front of an already standing stone
• Freestyle- a kind of skiing, the program of which includes ski acrobatics, ski ballet, mogul (see)
• Faking- a kind of game strategy in volleyball, when players move in one direction in order to change their movements at the last moment. Their goal is to outsmart the attacking player of the other team.

• Half-back (from English Half-back)- midfielder in football
• Halfpipe-snowboard discipline
• Hummer- a blow in volleyball, after which the ball flies sharply down
• Herdeli- obstacles in equestrian sports with a length of 12 m, a height of 100-110 cm, are installed every 250-300 m.
• Hat trick- three goals scored by one player in one match
• Hog-line- the line in curling, up to which the traveler must release the stone
• Hockey- playing on ice, on the parquet. Its meaning is to drive the ball or puck into the opponent's goal with a stick.
• Hohoven Tournaments- see Wijk aan Zee
• Hook- short side kick in boxing

• Time trouble- lack of time to think about moves in chess, checkers
• Center player- in basketball, one of the players on the team, located in the attack near the opponents' basket. Usually the tallest player on the team.
• jia- kempo school associated with the name of a specific master
• "Civinis Bononie"- a medieval treatise on board games, including chess
• qin-na- type of fight using painful hand grips
• Zugzwang- a position in a chess game in which any move is unprofitable
• tsuki-komi- punch in judo
• quan- fist, as well as the designation of the school or style in kempo
• quan-shu (whale)- the art of fist fighting
• chuan fa- knowledge system in the art of hand-to-hand combat

• Chatrang Namak- "The Book of Chess", the earliest written source on the history of chess (India)
• Chaturanga- an ancient Indian game, contemporary of chess, originated in the first centuries of our era
• Chicken Wing- receiving the ball in volleyball after a strong blow with various parts of the hands
• Choctaw- figure skating step using both legs

• Charlotte- figure skating element: a spiral with the transfer of the body to a vertical position parallel to the supporting leg and lifting the free leg into a full split up
• Chasse- step in figure skating
• Chess Festival- includes a major tournament of masters, a mass tournament, chess matches
• Chess- ancient board game
• Shatrang- a chess game on a 64-square board, originated in Asia in the 4-5 centuries AD
• Shatranj- Arabic name for shatranga
• shixiong (whale)- the keeper of the traditions of the Chuan Shu school
• Shifu (whale)- Quan-shu mentor, master
• Sword- thrusting weapons in sports fencing with a length of no more than 110 cm, weighing up to 770 grams.
• show fa- hand technique in chuan shu
• Leg-split- jump in figure skating
• Barbell- sports equipment in weightlifting: weight 20 kg, length 2.2 m, diameter 2.5 cm.
• Penalty area- the area in front of the goal, within which the football goalkeeper is allowed to play with his hands
• Free throw- in basketball, the penalty for a technical or personal error (foul). Done from a point defined on the site

• Ace- serving in tennis right through, that is, with winning a point, winning a point in volleyball immediately from serving
• Electrofixer- apparatus that fixes pricks and blows in fencing
• End- part of a curling match, one game. It ends when all 16 stones are released. The team that places their stones closer to the center of the house wins
• Endgame- the end of a game of chess
• Etude (in chess)- a position in which one of the parties is invited to complete the task without specifying the number of moves

• yubi-jutsu- the art of hitting vulnerable points with your fingers