Why were Russians called Russians? Origin of the Russian people. Who are the Russians? Who belongs to the Russian peoples

Russian people - East Slavic ethnic group , is the largest ethnic group in Europe. According to various sources, the world is inhabited by from 129 to 160 million people. Russian diaspora is huge and concentrated in the countries of the former USSR: Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Belarus, Moldova and other countries. 86% of Russians live in their historical homeland – Russia. Two thirds of the Russian population are adherents of Orthodox Christianity. The national language is Russian.

Origins of the Russian people

Peoples related by origin: and. Assumptions about the origin of the Russian people some. Here are the most famous:

1. Danube theory.

The chronicler Nestor worked hard on the Tale of Bygone Years. The author determined the territory of settlement of Slavic tribes along the Danube. Subsequently, the chronicler's version was developed by historians Klyuchevsky and Soloviev. Many linguists and researchers still adhere to this theory.

2. Scythian theory.

The outstanding Russian genius Mikhail Lomonosov adhered to the Scythian-Sarmatian version of the origin of the Russian people. In his work “Ancient Russian History,” Lomonosov pointed out that the Russian people were formed as a result of the mixing of Slavic tribes and the Finno-Ugric tribe. According to the historian, the pagan beliefs of our ancestors have much in common with ancient culture.

3. Baltic theory

The hypothesis about the origin of Russians is based on DNA research of various peoples. According to the scientist Gellenthal, the roots of the Russian population are certainly connected with the trans-Baltic peoples and the migration of the Altai peoples. Alexey Shakhmatov also calls the territory of the Neman and Western Dvina the ancestral homeland of the Russians.

Nuances of Russian culture

Russian culture- this is an immense layer consisting of centuries-old traditions and vibrant rituals, unshakable spiritual values, a specific way of life, and everyday habits. That same Pushkin “Russian spirit” is acquired by a person born in the vastness of our Motherland. Russian man is a strong-willed personality. Breadth of soul, simplicity, kindness characterize the Russian ethnos. Throughout history, the Russian people have experienced enormous trials: wars, famine, devastation, natural disasters, enslavement by the Tatar-Mongol yoke. A stern disposition, a simplified attitude to everyday difficulties, hard work and lack of fear of the enemy characterized the Russian people in the Middle Ages. The mysterious Russian soul of modern man does not immediately reveal itself to foreigners.

The pride of Russian culture is the legacy of famous artists and writers, composers and architects. Surnames such as Pushkin, Tolstoy, Shishkin and Levitan, Tchaikovsky and Glinka pop up at lightning speed when it comes to Russian geniuses. But not only in creativity, but also in other fundamental fields, be it medicine, military affairs or rocket science, Russians will proudly join the list of famous world personalities.

Traditions of ancestors

In the modern way of life of Russian people, of course, a lot has changed. Fast cars, everyday comfort, glossy clothes, trendy gadgets have penetrated into every home. However, and fortunately, at the most significant moments for a Russian person, he returns to the imperishable Slavic traditions and rituals.

Russian wedding certainly begins with matchmaking, and the festivities still contain elements of ancient traditions: bride price, family loaf, gifting of the newlyweds. Baptismal and funeral rites have remained almost unchanged. In many families, farewell to the deceased still follows ancient traditions (hanging mirrors, funeral rites, funeral food). The unity of Russians was manifested not only during sad events, but also in holding public festivities.

It is still celebrated on a grand scale Maslenitsa. The tradition of burning effigy, the ritual of forgiving offenses and eating delicious pancakes gives this holiday a special appeal. Among church holidays, the most revered among Russians are Christmas And Easter. In winter, children have fun, walking from house to house and singing carols. For glorifying Christ, children receive sweets and money from their owners. For Easter, every home will have a fragrant Easter cake prepared and eggs painted. The tradition of visiting cemeteries these days, remembering departed relatives and friends, has not been eradicated.

For many centuries, scientists have been breaking their spears, trying to understand the origin of the Russian people. And if research in the past was based on archaeological and linguistic data, today even geneticists have taken up the matter.

From the Danube

Of all the theories of Russian ethnogenesis, the most famous is the Danube theory. We owe its appearance to the chronicle “The Tale of Bygone Years”, or rather to the centuries-old love of domestic academics for this source.

The chronicler Nestor defined the initial territory of settlement of the Slavs as the territories along the lower reaches of the Danube and Vistula. The theory about the Danube “ancestral home” of the Slavs was developed by such historians as Sergei Solovyov and Vasily Klyuchevsky.
Vasily Osipovich Klyuchevsky believed that the Slavs moved from the Danube to the Carpathian region, where an extensive military alliance of tribes arose led by the Duleb-Volhynian tribe.

From the Carpathian region, according to Klyuchevsky, in the 7th-8th centuries the Eastern Slavs settled to the East and Northeast to Lake Ilmen. The Danube theory of Russian ethnogenesis is still adhered to by many historians and linguists. The Russian linguist Oleg Nikolaevich Trubachev made a great contribution to its development at the end of the 20th century.

Yes, we are Scythians!

One of the most vehement opponents of the Norman theory of the formation of Russian statehood, Mikhail Lomonosov, leaned toward the Scythian-Sarmatian theory of Russian ethnogenesis, which he wrote about in his “Ancient Russian History.” According to Lomonosov, the ethnogenesis of the Russians occurred as a result of the mixing of the Slavs and the “Chudi” tribe (Lomonosov’s term is Finno-Ugric), and he named the place of origin of the ethnic history of the Russians between the Vistula and Oder rivers.

Supporters of the Sarmatian theory rely on ancient sources, and Lomonosov did the same. He compared Russian history with the history of the Roman Empire and ancient beliefs with the pagan beliefs of the Eastern Slavs, finding a large number of similarities. The ardent struggle with the adherents of the Norman theory is quite understandable: the people-tribe of Rus', according to Lomonosov, could not have originated from Scandinavia under the influence of the expansion of the Norman Vikings. First of all, Lomonosov opposed the thesis about the backwardness of the Slavs and their inability to independently form a state.

Gellenthal's theory

The hypothesis about the origin of Russians, unveiled this year by Oxford scientist Garrett Gellenthal, seems interesting. Having done a lot of work studying the DNA of various peoples, he and a group of scientists compiled a genetic atlas of migration of peoples.
According to the scientist, two significant milestones can be distinguished in the ethnogenesis of the Russian people. In 2054 BC. e., according to Gellenthal, trans-Baltic peoples and peoples from the territories of modern Germany and Poland migrated to the northwestern regions of modern Russia. The second milestone is 1306, when the migration of Altai peoples began, who actively interbred with representatives of the Slavic branches.
Gellenthal's research is also interesting because genetic analysis proved that the time of the Mongol-Tatar invasion had virtually no effect on Russian ethnogenesis.

Two ancestral homelands

Another interesting migration theory was proposed at the end of the 19th century by Russian linguist Alexey Shakhmatov. His “two ancestral homelands” theory is also sometimes called the Baltic theory. The scientist believed that initially the Balto-Slavic community emerged from the Indo-European group, which became autochthonous in the Baltic region. After its collapse, the Slavs settled in the territory between the lower reaches of the Neman and Western Dvina. This territory became the so-called “first ancestral home”. Here, according to Shakhmatov, the Proto-Slavic language developed, from which all Slavic languages ​​originated.

Further migration of the Slavs was associated with the great migration of peoples, during which at the end of the second century AD the Germans went south, liberating the Vistula River basin, where the Slavs came. Here, in the lower Vistula basin, Shakhmatov defines the second ancestral home of the Slavs. From here, according to the scientist, the division of the Slavs into branches began. The western one went to the Elbe region, the southern one - divided into two groups, one of which settled the Balkans and the Danube, the other - the Dnieper and Dniester. The latter became the basis of the East Slavic peoples, which include the Russians.

We are locals ourselves

Finally, another theory different from migration theories is the autochthonous theory. According to it, the Slavs were an indigenous people inhabiting eastern, central and even part of southern Europe. According to the theory of Slavic autochthonism, Slavic tribes were the indigenous ethnic group of a vast territory - from the Urals to the Atlantic Ocean. This theory has quite ancient roots and many supporters and opponents. This theory was supported by the Soviet linguist Nikolai Marr. He believed that the Slavs did not come from anywhere, but were formed from tribal communities living in vast territories from the Middle Dnieper to Laba in the West and from the Baltic to the Carpathians in the south.
Polish scientists - Kleczewski, Potocki and Sestrentsevich - also adhered to the autochthonous theory. They even traced the ancestry of the Slavs from the Vandals, basing their hypothesis, among other things, on the similarity of the words “Vendals” and “Vandals”. Of the Russians, the autochthonous theory explained the origin of the Slavs Rybakov, Mavrodin and Greeks.

How good it is to be Russian

I read a naive children’s post here about the reasons to love Russians, and I thought: Why do I love my good people? Even a Moldovan can find a hundred reasons why Moldovans are the best people on Earth, which means Russians must have the same reasons. For what Do we Russians love us Russians? (besides the charming modesty contained in this question).

For a stunning mixture of pride and soul-searching. A Russian can be stripped to the skin, beaten, smeared in mud - and still he will look at the offenders with a poorly concealed pity of superiority. The confidence of our people in their greatness and chosenness does not depend in any way on external circumstances; the Russians look down on all other peoples of the world, including the ruling Americans.

This consciousness of the Atlanteans who hold the world, the consciousness of the sun, around which all the other people-planets revolve, led both to our greatest triumphs and to defeats from self-indulgence. Defeats, in turn, led to self-flagellation, to repentance, earnest, true, Russian - and all also mixed with monstrous pride, with the secret awareness that yes, we certainly sinned, but no one sinned as deeply and terribly as we sinned. he can no longer sin in the world. Even wallowing at his feet, even smearing snow on his face with tears, a Russian will be sure that he has the purest tears in the world and the most sincere wallowing at his feet.

Proud, unshakable self-confidence in our own superiority is our greatest weakness, because the proud are easily deceived, and our greatest force, because the most terrible defeats, failures, disasters do not make the slightest impression on the Russian. Where other people are scuttling in horror and dying of depression, the imperturbable Russians are just beginning to get the hang of it. "Blitzkrieg? Has the cadre army been destroyed? Have you already seen scouts near Moscow? Well, that's it... This jam is so delicious, what is it made from? Raspberry? Good jam... get my overcoat there.”

For a burning, furious desire that has not subsided for centuries reach the limit and go beyond the limit. Cry - so that your eyes cry out. To develop Siberia so that it ends in Alaska. Build airplanes so that they go all the way to space. Engage in totalitarianism so that even the fascists close their eyes in horror. To fight so that the earth melts.

The Russian not only harnesses for a long time and rides quickly, but rushes until he breaks through the very line of the horizon, in everything from inner spiritual life, to revolutionary activity, to scientific and technical research. Only with the psychology of someone always striving beyond the limit was it possible to build such a huge country as ours, to create such a gloomy and majestic literature as ours, to amaze the world with unimaginable horrors and unimaginable heroisms like ours. A Russian is capable of manifestations of the highest, rarest feelings - and in the same way he is capable of manifestations of extreme, terrifying baseness. Sometimes - at the same time. Outbursts of extreme Russian character sometimes make other nations freeze in horror or awe.

For dexterous, tenacious, pirate-like acumen, growing from the awareness of one’s own uniqueness and superiority. A typical Russian situation: take an English nuclear bomb, take German missiles, and then for 50 years now threaten the world with “Our, Russian nuclear weapons!”, without feeling the slightest trick or the slightest embarrassment. If a Russian finds someone else’s thing, idea, development convenient for himself, then he immediately begins to use it as if he had just come up with it himself. The Russian has no embarrassment, hesitation, or modesty; the Russian feels like a master whose whole world is his workshop, and who can take on board any instrument he likes and make something of his own out of it.

Like the word “general’s wife”, in which you can hear a foreign root, but whose suffix is ​​luxuriously insolent with its shameless Russianness. I liked the general, took the general, made him a girlfriend as a general. It's in Russian! Because of this, all kinds of peoples, when faced with Russians, are quietly freaked out by how the Russians format reality for themselves, using the surrounding space as a toolkit. “Your city is good, Kazan. We'll just burn it a little and move it here. It's more beautiful this way. Is it true. And stop running and screaming, Tatars, we’re doing our best for you fools,”- this is the Russian type of thinking.

For the complete absence of a culture of hypocrisy. There is a hypocrite - with a cold, impenetrable face, with refined movements, with a slight smile, behind which both extreme benevolence and extreme hatred can be hidden. Eat Asiatic a type of hypocrite - stuffy and obsequious, dripping with praise, smiling so hard that his mouth almost tears - and at the same time scolding you three levels up as soon as the door closes. A there is no Russian type of hypocrite.

The Russian perceives the routine American smile as an insult, as a mockery, as a mockery, as a declaration of war. Sincerity destroys Russians in a world of total, exquisite hypocrisy, but it also serves as an unmistakable identification mark by which you can instantly recognize one of your own in a crowd of strangers. And if for other peoples sincerity is a sign of the highest disposition towards you, then for a Russian sincerity is zero level, and disposition begins with "soulfulness", which sometimes takes forms unthinkable for a foreigner. If, brother, the Russians decided to show their sincerity to you, sit down and write a will, just in case.

The most complete expression of national character.

For the inability to truly be offended, growing out of the same absolutely impenetrable feeling of exclusivity. Russians very often lose in national conflicts because they do not perceive them as conflicts and do not see attacks and even direct attacks by other peoples as a threat.

“They’re something like dogs, why be offended by dogs?”

The plot of revenge is uncharacteristic for Russian culture, the Russian does not understand the long, exhausting, withering Anglo-Saxon intrigue, and almost the next day he climbs to hug the offender, which is capable of giving the offender a heart attack. Growing from the inability to be offended by a specific Russian kindness, - that is, insensitivity to hints, shouts, injections, blows and the dying scream of the unfortunate victim trying to get rid of the Russian - provided our people with the very colonization dynamics unprecedented in history. “Strangling in an embrace” is a typically Russian situation that confuses other peoples and tribes with a more subtle and touchy mental organization.

For beauty. The Russian phenotype is an elegant mixture of northern Nordic severity, too rocky, too sharp, too square in its pure Scandinavian type, and charming Slavic softness, too blurred and too submissive in other Slavic peoples. Russians are equally alien to both the northern angular concreteness and the southern resort jelly; they combine these two elements in the most perfect and pleasing to the eye way.

ABOUT Russian beauty Enough words have been said over the past centuries, but what I like most about classical Russian types is the calm strength that comes from them, not the hysterical southern fussy talkativeness, not the comical northern rectangular arrogance, but a soft and at the same time terrible strength, power of the people, capable of bending anyone into a ram's horn, is easily read in calm Russian glances.

For the beauty and richness of language, capable of expressing the finest, barely perceptible shades of feelings, and at the same time rising in its sound either to a gentle, lively, playful, almost Italian tint, or descending to a threatening hiss of terrible primitive hissing. It's good to talk about love in Italian - but how to curse an enemy in Italian? It's great to curse your enemies in German, but how to confess your love in German? In English you can do both, but in a trimmed, ugly, basic, childish configuration. AND only Russian gives to its owner full language palette, all the colors of language. And the finest brushes and feathers to paint the finest elements with these paints.

For an incredible historical destiny. What is Jewish historical destiny? “We offended a mouse and peed in a hole.” What is American historical destiny? “The redneck went to the fair.” What is German historical destiny? "The Shopkeeper and World Domination." What is Russian historical destiny? Epic. Incredible highs. An unthinkable fall. Complete nonentity. And complete domination over the world at arm's length.

When I started studying drama, I couldn’t get rid of the feeling that Russian history seemed to be written by a professional playwright, who deftly guessed at what moment the viewer begins to get bored with continuous victories, victories, victories, and where he needs to substitute a leg, and where, on the contrary , rise from rags to greatness. Due to habit, the Russian does not even see how ideal this dramatic contrast is, how perfect this combination is: the gloomy repressions of the 37th and the stunning, impossible Stalingrad victory of the 43rd. Or the Brusilov breakthrough of 1916 and complete destruction, that’s the literal collapse of the state by mid-1917. Russians, out of habit, do not even understand all the enchanting, dizzying beauty of this roller coaster of Russian history, from which any other people would have gone crazy long ago.

We are in a dark period of history right now., but this is temporary, because a Russian by nature is a cheerful, impudent person who cannot be sad and worried for a long time. They cried, repented, released all the negative emotions from themselves - and went to flex their fists, well, so that they would have something to repent of next time. Russian self-confidence, rage, over-indulgence, frightening sincerity and the inability to take offense in time show only one thing - it is impossible to come to an agreement with a Russian who has moved from the depressed to the active phase, it is impossible to stop him, insult him, discourage him, or reassure him.

Just raise your hands and run away, because you can’t even kill the largest white nation in the world. Now my good people are depressed, but, as the winter rallies showed, the drama of Russian history is taking its toll and the nation is beginning to awaken, move into active, arrogant, “Yes, I love you, I want the best for you, don’t you dare turn away, bitch!” state. After which all non-Russian peoples will have to turn on the mode “Run away in all directions, the Russians wanted the best for us”.

Are Russians the greatest people on Earth? Yes! Russian impudent persistence will sooner or later crush everything and everyone, even the Chinese. There are smarter peoples, there are smarter peoples, there are more organized peoples, there are richer peoples, there are more numerous peoples, but there are no people more persistent than the Russians. The Russians, having accelerated, broke everything: armies, peoples, countries, continents, outer space, and sooner or later the Russians will break the world. And besides, every true Russian knows that the world belongs to him by right - all that remains is to simply take this world. And sooner or later the Russian world will take it for itself.

The origins of the history of the Russian people go back to the era of the settlement of the Slavs from the areas of formation of the Slavic community at the turn of the eras. It can be more clearly traced with the formation in the century of the Old Russian state, which arose as a result of the unification of the East Slavic tribes. The territory of the Old Russian state extended from the White Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, from the Carpathian Mountains in the west to the Volga in the east. The state included Finno-Ugric, Baltic and Turkic tribes.

The process of assimilation of local tribes by Slavic settlers was explained by the small number of Finnish tribes and the higher level of social development and material culture of the settlers. Assimilating, the Finno-Ugrians left as a legacy to the Slavic settlers certain anthropological features, toponymic and hydronymic nomenclature (names of rivers, lakes, villages and localities), as well as elements of traditional beliefs.

The migrations of the Slavic population were organically connected with the expanding development of territories and the inclusion of the Volga-Oka interfluve in the system of inter-princely relations. Developed interfluve area at the end - beginning of centuries. entered the political structure of the Old Russian state, as evidenced by the establishment of the princely table in Rostov for the sons of Prince Vladimir in the city. In fact, this region went beyond the boundaries of the interfluve and from the second half of the 13th century was perceived as North-Eastern Rus'. In the 12th century, North-Eastern Rus' was part of the Old Russian state. If during the heyday of Kyiv the concepts of “Rus” and “Russian land” extended primarily to the Kyiv and Chernigov lands, then from the XIII-XIV centuries. they were associated with the northeastern region. In the century there were more than 90 cities in the Old Russian state; in the 12th century there were 224 of them; this growth continued despite the Mongol-Tatar invasion.

After joining the empire under the Peace of Nystadt () with Sweden, Estland and Livonia, and later Courland, at the beginning of the 19th century Finland and Bessarabia, and in the second half of the century Central Asia and the Far East, Russians began to populate these regions (Semirechye, etc.) .

Social life associated with folk calendar rituals manifested itself mainly in joint festivities and festive entertainment. The Christmas and New Year cycle of rituals associated with the winter solstice was called Christmastide. Young people in a cheerful crowd went around the houses wishing the owners every kind of well-being and received rewards for this, most of all food supplies. The first holiday of the spring cycle was Maslenitsa - the week before the long fast that preceded Easter. The Maslenitsa celebration was generally riotous in nature and retained elements of very ancient rituals associated in the past with the cult of fertility and the cult of ancestors. After Maslenitsa, public life froze and revived again from Easter. Young people spent Easter week on the street. The most typical were mass games with a pronounced sports element (small towns, lapta). Swings were widely used. Women and children loved playing with colored eggs. In some places, round dances were still held at the end of the 19th century.

The spring cycle of rituals and holidays ended with Trinity (the 50th day from Easter), which also marked the transition to summer. Of all the Eastern Slavs, Trinity ritual and festivity were most developed among the Russians. On Trinity Sunday we walked in the meadows and forests. Churches and houses were decorated with young vegetation and birch trees. The main performers of ritual actions were girls and women.

The summer Kupala ritual was not so expressive among the Russians. It consisted of youth festivities with the lighting of bonfires and games of dousing with water. Healing herbs were collected at Kupala.

Summer holidays and youth celebrations ended on Peter's Day (June 29, old style). On the night before the holiday, young people walked until dawn - “greeted the sun.” It was customary to collect everything that was not tidied up and play mischief. Many people made noise, sang, beat on the stove dampers, etc.

Folklore

An ancient, gradually fading type of folk poetry among Russians was ritual folklore, accompanying family and calendar rituals. The basis of ritual folklore was songs. Among the wedding songs, there were majestic, comic-correcting, metaphorical-descriptive, etc. Calendar songs were closely related to rituals. Ritual folklore included conspiracies that were used for a variety of reasons.

The archaic genres of folklore included the heroic epic, which the Russians kept alive for centuries. The specifically Russian form of the historical-epic genre was epics. The favorite epic hero was the hero Ilya Muromets, to whom many feats were attributed, as well as Dobrynya Nikitich, Alyosha Popovich, Vasily Buslaev.

From the second half of the 16th century, historical songs, which depicted specific historical events of the 16th -19th centuries, became widely developed among the Russians. The most specific Russian stories are found mainly in everyday, satirical and anecdotal tales. Fairy tales occupied a particularly important place in family life. Works of non-fairy tale folklore prose - legends and tales in which the memory of real events was intertwined with fairy-tale plots - were widespread. Early East Slavic legends influenced ancient Russian chronicles (“The Tale of Bygone Years”

“The Russian soul has its own paradise and its own hell. Nowhere is there a more terrible hell, and nowhere is there a more wondrous paradise than in the Russian soul. Not a single person falls so deeply, to the last evil, as the Russian person; but in the same way one person does not reach as high, higher peaks as the Russian man... The Russian soul is the most dramatic field in which angels and devils fight mercilessly. The worlds jealously fight for the Russian soul, God Himself and Satan himself fight... The paradise of the Russian soul represent and constitute the God-bearers and Christ-bearers of the Russian land, the Russian saints: from Saint Vladimir to Patriarch Tikhon the Confessor. Enormous, wonderful, endless is the paradise of the Russian soul, for it is huge, for it is wonderful, for the holiness of the glorious saints of the Russian land is endless."

Russian

Russian

noun, m., used Often

Morphology: adv. in Russian

1. Russian they call what is happening, taking place in Russia.

Russian history. | Russian nature. | Russian landscape. | Russian land. | When traveling to the Russian North, the four of us sat at the Lodeynoye Pole station.

2. Russian they call someone whose ancestors and parents spoke Russian and lived on the territory of Russia (Rus).

Russian people. | Russian gentleman, nobleman. | What Russian doesn’t like driving fast (N.V. Gogol).

3. If anyone Russian according to passport, then this means that this person is a citizen of Russia.

4. Russian name any public, scientific, cultural figure whose work is a significant contribution to the intellectual treasury of Russia.

Famous Russian scientist. | Great Russian poet. | The greatest Russian philosopher. | Outstanding Russian navigator. | The first Russian emperor. | Great Russian writer. | F. M. Dostoevsky is the greatest Russian writer.

6. Russian beauty They call a girl with brown hair, blue eyes and a slightly snub nose.

7. New Russian they call a person who became significantly enriched during the period of Russia's transition to market relations.

8. Russian character name a set of traits that distinguish a Russian person - hospitality, hospitality, sincerity, gullibility, etc.

Mysterious Russian character. | Russian temperament.

9. Russian they call what distinguishes the people of Russia from other peoples of the world.

Russian humor. | Russian culture. | Gerudotherapy is an ancient Russian method of treating many diseases.

10. In Russian is the language of the Slavic group of languages, which is characterized by a wide variety of formal elements of the word - endings, prefixes, suffixes, etc.

11. Russian they call what is written and said in Russian.

Russian literature. | Russian proverbs and sayings. | Russian folklore.

12. Russian Museum called the state collection of works by Russian artists in St. Petersburg.

13. Russian they call any direction, trend in culture, social life, which differs from the pan-European, world standard by any special qualities - scope, depth, etc.

Russian communism, nihilism, humanism.

14. Russian dance is a folk dance that is performed at a fast pace and is characterized by sweeping, fast movements of the arms and legs.

15. Russian stove is a brick oven in a wooden structure for cooking food, baking bread and heating.

16. Russian shirt- this is a spacious men's clothing with a stand-up collar.

Kosovorotka

17. Russian boots- These are men's leather shoes with narrow tops to the knees.

Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Dmitriev. D. V. Dmitriev. 2003.

See what “Russian” is in other dictionaries:

Russian, Great Russian, Raseysky, Great Power, Autocratic, Chauvinist, Imperial, Red Army, Soviet, Sovdepovsky, Village, Peasant, Katsapsky, Slavic, Holy Russian, All-Russian, Domostroevsky; moskal, katsap,... ... Synonym dictionary

Russian sturgeon ... Wikipedia

RUSSIAN, Russian, Russian. 1. adj. to the Russians. Great Russian people. “Oh, the great, mighty, truthful and free Russian language!” A. Turgenev. “Russian revolutionary scope is that life-giving force that awakens thought, moves forward, breaks... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Rus', Russian. The complexity of the prehistoric destinies of the East Slavic language is also revealed in the mysterious origin of the words Rus, Russian. Many considered and still consider it to be original Slavism (representatives of the autochthonous Slavic theory). Who deduced... ... History of words

RUSSIAN, oh, oh. 1. see Russians. 2. Relating to the Russian people, their language, national character, way of life, culture, as well as Russia, its territory, internal structure, history; the same as the Russians, like in Russia. R. tongue... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Russian polysemantic term, part of many complex terms. Russian relating to Russia, to their inhabitants, to the Russian people, Russians (citizens of Russia) and Rus' (usually with the specification “Old Russian”, “Western Russian”, etc.) Russian then ... ... Wikipedia

Russian- I. RUSSIAN RUSSIAN, Russian, trad. poet. ross, outdated Great Russian, obsolete Great Russian, colloquial reduction Russian, colloquial reduction Russopet, colloquial reduction russian, slang. russish RUSSIAN, Russian, obsolete. Great Russian, slang. russish II. Russian … Dictionary-thesaurus of synonyms of Russian speech

Russian- see: This is what the Jews do to the Russian people; Even the cool civilian zipper misses the Russian tripper; What Russian doesn't like driving fast?.; celebrate the centenary of the Russian balalaika; Translation from obscene language into Russian; Let's hit the Russian mentality... ... Dictionary of Russian argot

Russian- deeply Russian, real Russian, completely Russian... Dictionary of Russian Idioms

New Russian. 1. Unlock Representative of the Russian business elite. 2. Jarg. stud. Joking. Modern Russian language (academic subject). BSRG, 516. Russian in white. Jarg. they say Joking. Clearly, clearly, unambiguously. Radio “Nord West”, 04.28.01. /i>… … Large dictionary of Russian sayings

Books

• Russian Reporter 16-2015, Editorial Board of the Russian Reporter magazine. Socio-political publication. Main headings: “Report”, “Actual”, “Figure”, “Trends”, “Culture”, “Poster”, “Habitat”, “Case” and much more. In addition, the magazine publishes...