Minidom (domillon) - a small house for permanent residence. Small houses for year-round use: photos of the best options Very compact house with all amenities
Experts say that a modern comfortable house does not have to be large. In fact, 28 m is enough for a person to live a normal life. 2 . It turns out that a family of four will feel comfortable in a house with an area of slightly less than 120 m 2 . And such a house can rightfully be called small.
As a rule, projects of small houses are one-story. But at the request of the customer, you can complete the full-fledged second floor or attic.
In order to accommodate all living rooms in a relatively small area and ensure comfortable living for the family, the size of technical and utility rooms is reduced. Although the space is organized according to the same principles as in any other project. But there are features that are due to the need to strictly save usable space.
Small house project: fight for every square meter
- When designing small ones, architects minimize the use of internal partitions. Thus, the premises, different in their functionality, are combined into a single space. For example, the living room, dining room, kitchen are grouped into a daily area and separated purely visually - with the help of design techniques. The project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. At the same time, additional rooms remain isolated.
- The bedrooms of family members, bathrooms, dressing rooms form a night zone and are located in such a way as to protect the personal space of the residents of the house from outsiders as much as possible. If the house is two-story, then the night zone is taken out there.
- The utility area, consisting of bathrooms, a boiler room and other utility rooms, is being tried to be designed to a minimum size.
- In order to productively use non-residential space, they seek to limit the number of corridors and passages.
- If the house is two-story, there should be two bathrooms. In order to reduce costs during the installation of engineering networks, they are placed one above the other. In a one-story house, the bathroom is placed so that it has a common riser with the kitchen.
Pros of small house projects
- The construction of a small house does not depend on the configuration and size of the land.
- The construction of such a house, and also cost much less.
- Short terms of design and construction.
- Relatively low utility bills and easy home maintenance.
Small house projects: results
A carefully thought-out project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. Thanks to this, the customer receives modern comfortable housing for relatively little money. Therefore, we recommend choosing professional small house projects from Dom4m.
Let's try to calculate how much it costs to build a small country house with your own hands. Such a need, how to build a house for temporary residence, arises quite often, since the number of gardening associations in the country is quite large. Such a small house will serve you as a shelter from the rain, a place to spend the night, a warehouse for storing garden tools, while the cost of its construction is not so high.
House project
Before you build a beautiful house, you need to design it. This will save time and money. If you are able to develop such a project (calculate the type and parameters of the foundation, roof slope, etc.), then you can do it yourself.
Another option is to buy a ready-made standard project for such a house. (photo small typical houses). It costs much less than an individual project, and there are a great many options for them.
Sample designs are not immutable. At your request, for example, the dimensions of the walls of the house, the location of the openings, etc. can be changed. Taking into account the characteristics of the soil on your site, the foundation will be adapted, which guarantees the reliability of the structure. Before you build a beautiful house, you can draw up an estimate for its construction, including the quantity and cost of building materials used. Let's make an approximate calculation of how much it will cost to build a house with your own hands.
Foundation calculation
Before you build a beautiful house, you need to decide on the foundation. Its choice and calculation is extremely important, since it depends on whether the building will stand for a long period or its service life is short. The cost of a foundation for a small house can cost you from 15 to 30% of the total amount of the structure being built. For light buildings, there are the following types of bases:
- Column Foundation. It is a column of bricks, blocks, asbestos pipes or concrete buried in the ground. They are located at the corners of the future house, at the intersection of walls and partitions, along the walls in increments of 1.5-2.5 m. Before building a small house on such a basis, careful leveling of the site is required. It is arranged on dense, not subject to seasonal heaving soils. The approximate cost of its construction (with a column height of 50 cm): for a house with dimensions of 6x6 is $ 375 (with a column of 25x25 (the smallest possible)) and $ 530 (with a column of 50x50), and with dimensions of 8x8 - $ 470 and $ 700 respectively.
- Strip foundation. This is a reinforced concrete tape buried in the ground. For light buildings on non-fluffy and low-porosity soils, a shallow strip foundation is performed. The depth of its occurrence is from 30 to 70 cm. With many advantages, this type of foundation has a number of disadvantages: high cost, labor intensity, inapplicability in flooded areas. The cost of a shallow strip foundation averages from $ 46 per linear meter. It directly depends on its dimensions: height, length, width.
- pile foundation. This is a set of piles, united at the top with an iron, wooden or reinforced concrete grillage. Driven piles are driven into the ground, screw piles are twisted, drilling piles are installed in wells, poured out of concrete into drilled holes (stuffed piles). This is an ideal foundation for light structures for all types of soils, except for rocky ones. Cost per running meter of this type of foundation: $30.
- slab foundation. It is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab laid on a sand and gravel cushion. It is used on heaving and floating soils. Due to their high cost for light buildings, little is used.
house frame
After tying the foundation with beams (with anchor bolts), the frame of the house is assembled from beams with a section of 100x100, 100x150, 150x150 and fixed with metal corners. They are tied from above, and the floor beams are laid.
Roof rafters, crossbars and struts for it are mounted. The crate is made of boards 100x25 mm with gaps of 20 cm between them. It is laid with ondudilin, metal tile or profiled sheet. The frame of the house is insulated, steam and wind protection is laid and sheathed with a 16 mm board or plywood.
For your information! The cost of building a house frame (excluding interior decoration, windows and doors) ranges from $1250 to $3150. Such a spread in prices for a built house is due to the size of the building and the variability of the building materials used.
Frame prefabricated structures
Small standard frame prefabricated houses are on sale. Such a house is easy to assemble with your own hands, with minimal building skills.
In order to understand how much it costs to build a frame assembly house, consider the cost of houses with dimensions of 5x5 and 7x7 m. The walls are an imitation of timber, the interior decoration is lining. Double glazing. Grooved board floor. Roofing - professional sheet.
- Option 1. Frame house, 5x5 m in size. The price of the structure itself is $ 2930.
- Option 2. Frame house, size 7.2x7.5 m. Construction price - $ 4610.
The assembly of such buildings is paid separately and usually amounts to at least 25% of the total cost of the prefabricated structure. The purpose of this article is not to tell you how to build a beautiful house for a summer cottage, but to guide you in a wide price range for its construction.
It is impossible to predict what changes will occur in your family in 10-15-20 years.
It is impossible to predict future lifestyle changes.
If you are planning to build a residential building, then rather than building empty mansions in reserve, it is most reasonable to start from a minimum, from a small building of the “core of the house”, but at the same time provide for the possibility of extensions and transformations.
Each family is unique and unrepeatable, each family is individual in terms of priorities and features of the way of life, each family deserves its own, individual, atypical house, “sharpened” precisely for its distinctive features.
Let's start the conversation with the smallest possible cell of society: from a family consisting of one person.
HOUSE FOR ONE PERSON
Who is in this customer group?
1. Convinced Bachelors, such as the current Boy Scout (his needs have already been raised in the topic "")
2. single, divorced both men and women
3. Elderly, widowed people. Homes and facilities for the elderly can be made much smaller than usual and therefore cheaper. Inside the house there should be no stairs, and ramps are arranged outside. It is desirable that public service centers and recreation areas are located nearby.
4. Young, older children who are looking for independence, who need not just a room, but an autonomous territory, a springboard for independent action. In order to create favorable conditions for growing children, it is worth turning their bedroom into an independent “own home”. This room remains part of a large house, but at the same time separated spatially, you can even offer a special roof and an independent entrance.
5. Visitors, business travelers, students etc. if a house for one is considered in the context of a replacement housing stock.
6.et cetera...
A house for one person can be adapted to the lifestyle of the owner as much as possible. In fact, this is a house-room, a separate room with a separate entrance, interlocked with the main walls of existing neighboring houses. The space of the house can not be divided into separate rooms. Essentially, it is a neutral room with niches around it that serve as a bedroom, living room, kitchen, study, workshop, hallway. Such a house can be arranged from one large room of complex configuration, a kitchen niche, a combined bathroom, a sleeping alcove, a window seat.
All art here consists in folding, compressing familiar rooms and premises, in the ability to use space twice.
Consider the expansion of the existing "core of the house" - a new 1-storey building attached to the blank part of the wall of the existing house.
This option is the most preferred. Indeed, we connect with our small increase in power (per person) to the existing engineering communications systems, during construction we build less on the whole wall, for adjacent rooms we serve each other as more thermal protection than the neighborhood directly with the environment.
We do not pay special attention to furniture, etc. - these are just basic elements for scale ...
In this example, the entrance is on the right, a blank wall below:
The first problem that single people face is isolation from their neighbors. If the house does not stand alone, but is part of a residential group, then isolation is not perceived so sharply.
The next design challenge is to simplify the home, as one person has the ability to make the home as personal as possible. In our example, the total area of the order of 32 m 2 is not the limit at all - if desired, you can shrink by 20-30 percent.
For a comfortable stay of one person, up to 30 m 2 of the total area is usually enough.
The central part of the house-room can be left free of furniture, it is designed for universal use. To visually increase the volume of the room, it is advisable to have one large floor-to-ceiling window and several smaller windows located in niches and an alcove.
Niche kitchen.
The working kitchen, separated from other rooms and intended only for cooking, came from the bourgeois past, when there were mansions with a cook and servants. In the people's dwelling "hearth", i.e. the place next to which they prepared and ate food has always been and remains the heart of the house. In a traditional peasant hut, cooking and other household chores are spatially integrated in one room. Family life is concentrated around a large common table. The separate arrangement of the kitchen and dining room separates the guests and the owner, offering the latter the role of a waiter. At the same time, cooking requires special equipment and furnishings.
This conflict can be overcome by using a kitchen niche adjacent to the common room, or located in a wall niche. With this arrangement of space, cooking becomes just as natural an activity as eating itself.
Possible ways to compress space:
1. TV on a bracket, working in turn into 3 zones: kitchen, living room sofa and bed;
2. a wide and deep window sill at the dining table at a level of 0.45 m can serve as an additional seat for the eater at the table, which automatically excludes extra chairs from this area;
3. The kitchen table can be combined with a computer desk to create a versatile sitting work area.
Bathroom necessary not only for sanitary procedures. In the bathroom we turn to ourselves, to our body, after water procedures we want to spend time in comfort, so it is quite natural that at the first opportunity people tend to increase the size of the bathroom, create conditions for relaxation nearby.
In a house for one person, the best solution would be a large combined sanitary unit with two exits: to the sleeping alcove and the hallway. Guests, acquaintances who come to the house have the opportunity to use the entrance to the toilet from the hallway. When there are no guests, it is more convenient to use the door that opens into the room.
sleeping alcove can replace a separate bedroom. If you meticulously analyze the use of the bedroom, you will find that uncomfortable passages and corners remain around the sleeping place, and at the same time there is a catastrophic lack of space for changing clothes, as well as storing things.
If a person lives alone, then the whole apartment is at his disposal and the sleeping place requires less isolation - it can be placed in an alcove.
The sleeping alcove should not be cramped: there should be enough space to get up, straighten the bed, put on clothes. The sleeping area should be well ventilated and free from drafts, the air should be cool and fresh, and the walls should be warm. It is good when there is a small window next to the bed.
The sleeping area can have a folding light sliding screen-partition.
In a room in which you have to spend daylight hours, you should equip at least one "window seat"
In every house it is good to have a place by the window, where it is pleasant to sit and relax, but it is especially important to provide it in the home of single people.
An armchair, a chair with a high back and armrests or a sofa is placed so that the window is located on the side. A good solution is an extended low window sill (35-40 cm high), on which you can sit with your back to the window frame. It is good when two people can sit face to face in such a niche (the width of the niche for this should be at least 1.2-1.5 m). The most sophisticated solution is a glazed bay window or porch: the glazed space becomes part of the outdoor garden, in a large bay window you can find a place for indoor plants and birds.
Indoor plants will help to connect the view outside the window with the interior. The green corner becomes an important part of the apartment, it can serve as a life stimulus for the elderly and an attraction for guests.
Older people need more comfort and more adapted housing. As a rule, they really appreciate the familiar environment and do not want to move anywhere. But the change of neighbors, changes in the family make them lonely and force them to change their place of residence. On the one hand, children feel responsible for their elderly parents and want to take them in, and on the other hand, the usual mismatch of views between children and parents makes life together burdensome.
The spatial solution of this conflict can be implemented in the form of a separate house for the grandparents, located not far from the house of adult children. Elderly people could feel quite independent there and at the same time under supervision.
The optimal solution is a room with a separate exit, an outbuilding or an outbuilding that can be used temporarily as a workshop or for rent. In order for the connection with family life not to be interrupted, the room may have a door to a common entrance hall, kitchen or corridor.
A one-room separate house for one or two people can be located on a minimum plot of land. At the same time, the orientation of the windows and the connection of the entire structure with the relief are of great importance.
For our cold region, you should:
- limit the number of windows facing north;
- position the long axis of the building in the east-west direction in order to receive the maximum amount of solar heat in winter and a minimum in summer,
- reduce as much as possible the area of the outer walls to avoid heat loss, and put effective thermal insulation;
- plant evergreen coniferous trees to protect against cold winds, and deciduous trees on the eastern and western sides to protect buildings from overheating in the morning and evening rays;
- use the heat-shielding properties of the soil, bury the northern facade of the building into the ground (do not forget about the blockages);
- snow can serve as additional thermal insulation, but in order to improve the operating conditions of the roof, it is better to get rid of it; for this, the slopes are made steep;
- leave a flat area in front of the southern facade of the building, in winter the sun will be reflected in the snow, and this will make the house brighter.
Experts say that a modern comfortable house does not have to be large. In fact, 28 m is enough for a person to live a normal life. 2 . It turns out that a family of four will feel comfortable in a house with an area of slightly less than 120 m 2 . And such a house can rightfully be called small.
As a rule, projects of small houses are one-story. But at the request of the customer, you can complete the full-fledged second floor or attic.
In order to accommodate all living rooms in a relatively small area and ensure comfortable living for the family, the size of technical and utility rooms is reduced. Although the space is organized according to the same principles as in any other project. But there are features that are due to the need to strictly save usable space.
Small house project: fight for every square meter
- When designing small ones, architects minimize the use of internal partitions. Thus, the premises, different in their functionality, are combined into a single space. For example, the living room, dining room, kitchen are grouped into a daily area and separated purely visually - with the help of design techniques. The project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. At the same time, additional rooms remain isolated.
- The bedrooms of family members, bathrooms, dressing rooms form a night zone and are located in such a way as to protect the personal space of the residents of the house from outsiders as much as possible. If the house is two-story, then the night zone is taken out there.
- The utility area, consisting of bathrooms, a boiler room and other utility rooms, is being tried to be designed to a minimum size.
- In order to productively use non-residential space, they seek to limit the number of corridors and passages.
- If the house is two-story, there should be two bathrooms. In order to reduce costs during the installation of engineering networks, they are placed one above the other. In a one-story house, the bathroom is placed so that it has a common riser with the kitchen.
Pros of small house projects
- The construction of a small house does not depend on the configuration and size of the land.
- The construction of such a house, and also cost much less.
- Short terms of design and construction.
- Relatively low utility bills and easy home maintenance.
Small house projects: results
A carefully thought-out project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. Thanks to this, the customer receives modern comfortable housing for relatively little money. Therefore, we recommend choosing professional small house projects from Dom4m.
The need to build a compact house can arise due to various reasons. For example, such a small design is perfect for placement in a summer cottage that is not used for permanent residence. In a small house it will be possible to change clothes comfortably, fold things and spend the night.
Of course, ready-made change houses are sold on the market, but the quality of their workmanship often leaves much to be desired, and the cost is definitely overpriced. For the same money, you can build a great little house on your own.
There is nothing difficult in self-construction of a compact structure. Follow the guide and everything will definitely work out.
Any construction must begin with planning, without which the construction will take much more time, finances and effort. There is a chance that the finished structure, built without a plan, will not meet your needs and expectations.
For a small house, it is not necessary to draw up detailed documentation with many drawings. Even a simple sketch will suffice, indicating the main dimensions, communications and other design features.
First think over the order of the internal organization of the future small house. Will he have only one room, or will there be enough space for arranging a small kitchen and a small bathroom? At this point, be guided by your personal preferences and capabilities.
For example, many prudent owners use a very interesting trick: they raise the ceiling and equip a sleeping place in the attic. This solution allows you to significantly save usable space.
It is recommended to pay special attention to the experience of the Japanese. Even on a few square meters, they manage to place everything necessary to create a comfortable and cozy environment, because even a mini house is still a house in which it is definitely more convenient than on the street.
This guide will give instructions for building a fairly simple little house. Approximately 75% of the space will be occupied by living quarters, and the remaining space will be used for placing a pantry and dry closet.
If everything is very difficult with free space, you can make separate entrances to the mentioned premises from the street. If there are no such problems with free space, and you don’t want to constantly go outside, equip the entrance to the technical room from the living quarters.
Make changes to the plan if you wish. For example, instead of a pantry, you can equip a kitchenette with a table, a couple of folding chairs or small stools and a compact stove.
After the approval of the plan, proceed directly to the implementation of construction activities. Start by arranging the foundation.
Foundation
For the construction of a small house, the simplest foundation of blocks is perfect. A very interesting solution came up with Western private developers. They create a foundation block with four channels. A reinforcing bar is inserted into each of these channels. The rods themselves are driven into the ground. As a result, the block is securely attached to the ground.
In the project under consideration, the foundation will consist of six such blocks. You will place four blocks at the corners of the future building, the remaining two - under the internal partition.
You can make blocks yourself from concrete or buy them ready-made.
Dig a hole 200 mm deep with sides corresponding to the dimensions of the blocks.
Fill the hole with a 20 cm layer of sand and gravel. Pack the pillow carefully.
Install the blocks and insert the reinforcement in accordance with the recommendations given earlier.
Cover the blocks with a layer of roofing material.
Make sure that the blocks are installed evenly and proceed to the implementation of further planned activities.
floor laying
First step
Install the bottom harness. Make it from a beam with a section of 15x15 cm. To connect the strapping bars, use a convenient mounting option. You can, for example, connect them using the tongue and groove method with additional reinforcement with glue and bolts.
Second step
Lay on top of the strapping a platform previously assembled from a 15x5 cm board.
Third step
Sew up the platform with plywood.
Fourth step
Turn the resulting box over and place the insulation in it.
Fifth step
Sew up the insulation with a double layer of plywood. Lay plywood 1.2 cm thick along the box, 0.9 cm thick across the box. As a result, the floor will have a thickness of 2.1 cm. Use PVA glue to fasten the plywood layers.
sixth step
From all sides, sew up the platform with roofing felt.
On this floor is ready. If you wish, you can additionally trim it with other material to your taste.
Linoleum is perfect for finishing the floor.
First step
Treat the timber and boards intended for the construction of walls with an antiseptic.
Second step
Assemble the frame of the planned dimensions.
Third step
Set up the top harness.
Fourth step
Sheathe the entire structure with plywood.
Fifth step
Attach the windscreen to the outside of the walls. At the same time, this material will perform the functions of waterproofing.
In the process of building walls, do not forget to leave openings for mounting doors and double-glazed windows.
Arrangement of the roof structure
The roof structure must be such that in the future, when the door is opened, the roof overhang does not touch. To comply with this rule, the slope of the roof slope must be 25 degrees.
First step
Install rafters. To do this, use boards 10x5 cm. Use corners and self-tapping screws to fasten the boards.
Second step
Mount the roof ridge. For its manufacture, use a board 15x5 cm.
Third step
Additionally fasten the roof rafters with 10x2.5 cm puffs.
Fourth step
Attach 0.9 cm plywood to the rafters.
Fifth step
Lay your preferred roofing material over the finished base. Flexible shingles work well. This is a relatively light material with good performance properties. At the same time, the roof of a small house will have a small area, so you will not spend a lot of money on finishing material.
Doors and double-glazed windows
To create a healthy microclimate in the room, even if it is very small, you need to install windows. It is better to provide places for placing double-glazed windows even at the frame assembly stage.
To determine the optimal total window area, divide the floor area of your small house by 5. Divide the resulting value by the number of windows you need.
If you are planning to equip your small house with a bathroom and a kitchen, consider in advance the arrangement of furniture so that the windows do not interfere with the normal use of the house in the future, but are a useful addition.
If possible, windows should be placed facing southeast, as there is very little sunlight on the north side, and low western sunlight is bad for the eyes.
Doors can be bought ready-made or you can make your own. It is enough to assemble the frame, fill the voids with thermal insulation (mineral wool is perfect), sheathe the frame with plywood and upholster it with the desired material.
wall decoration
External
Proceed to the exterior wall decoration.
Internal
Proceed to interior decoration.
- Fix a layer of heat-insulating material.
- Cover the insulation with a layer of vapor barrier.
- Close the walls with clapboard.
On this wall decoration is ready. After that, it is recommended to start arranging the ceiling and make the porch to your taste. These activities are best done before the start of the arrangement of the roof structure.
Furnish and technical equipment of a small house, do it to your taste.
Ceiling finish
- Cover the ceiling with vapor barrier material.
- Fix the thermal insulation material.
- Sheathe the ceiling with insulating layers of clapboard.
You can lay boards in the attic. At this point, focus on the specifics of your particular situation, taking into account exactly how you will use your attic.
Necessary communications
If necessary, bring electrical wiring, sewerage and water supply into the house.
For heating a small house, both an electric heater and a gas convector are well suited. Such gas convectors use liquefied gas as fuel. To ensure the most efficient heat distribution, the system should be equipped with a galvanized steel reflector.
The gas convector must be equipped with a chimney. The chimney is carefully insulated to prevent fires. To protect the chimney from snow, rain and various debris, install a special protective visor on its street end.
On this small country house is ready. You did an excellent job without involving third-party specialists for this, which allowed you to save a significant amount of money, and made sure that there is nothing complicated in the construction of such structures - you just need to follow the instructions in everything and follow the advice of professional builders. You can start using your own built house.
Successful work!
Video - DIY small house
