Branch for sewer pipes 110. Sewer branch - four main types and methods of installation
sewerage fittings in moscow
Polypropylene Sewer Fittings Presented In our online store of engineering plumbing, are divided into two large groups - fittings for external sewerage and fittings for internal sewerage. They are easy to distinguish from each other by their appearance, more precisely, by color: fittings for external sewer networks are orange in color, and for internal ones - gray. It is advisable to select the sewer pipes and fittings of the same brand so that they fully correspond to each other.
Polypropylene is one of the most suitable materials for creating a sewer network, as it is resistant to various chemical influences, is not susceptible to rusting and other negative environmental influences. On the walls polypropylene sewer pipes and fittings do not create organic deposits that reduce the permeability of the pipes. In addition, polypropylene pipes have a much longer service life than metal ones, and are less susceptible to the risk of breakouts.
Unlike fittings intended for water supply and heating systems, sewer fittings are mounted without the use of additional instruments, threads or soldering - pipes are simply inserted into them. This installation method is called socket mounting. The only additional material that is used during installation is special grease or ordinary soap foam. The use of these tools will allow the sewer pipes and fittings to fit as closely as possible to each other.
In addition to the usual plumbing polypropylene fittings varieties of pipeline elements - corners, crosses, plugs, couplings, tees - the group of sewer fittings includes specialized fittings such as vacuum valves, check valves, umbrellas for internal sewage, nozzles, eccentric transitions, revisions, reductions.
Pipes and fittings - without them the existence of a sewer system is impossible. The correct choice of these products is due to the smooth operation and long service life. Today there is a huge selection of types of fittings and pipes. From what material they are made, about the sizes and types, we will talk in this article.
What are the sewer pipes
By way of water drainage the following types are distinguished:
Plastic pipes for sewerage
- internal pipes - drain water from the source of consumption (, sinks). As a rule, they are painted gray.
- external - produce a drain from houses and cottages, into the general sewer.
Attention! Pipes for external sewerage, unlike internal ones, are orange in color for easy detection in the ground.
By material from which pipes and fittings are made are divided into:
- cast iron. Most sewers are made of this material. It is strong, durable (70-85 years), withstands heavy loads. Disadvantages include high cost and installation problems associated with heavy weight. In addition, the inner walls of cast iron pipes are rough, which makes it difficult for water to move, and build-ups form over time.
Cast iron pipes
- plastic. Pipes are made of this material for both internal and external sewerage systems. Its main advantages are low weight, which facilitates the process of transportation and installation, relatively low cost, as well as smooth inner walls, which reduces the percentage of congestion. There are three types of plastic pipes and fittings: PVC(mainly used for waste water. They can withstand temperatures up to 70C, but are not resistant to aggressive environments and UV rays); polyethylene(used for pressure internal and external pipelines. Expands under the influence of hot water, withstand temperatures from -40 to +40. Not used for hot water); polypropylene(withstand high temperatures, resistant to acids and alkalis. Most often they are used to drain water from washing machines and dishwashers).
Fittings for PVC pipes (external sewerage)
- stainless steel pipes are not very popular due to their low corrosion resistance.
- copper pipes are the most expensive, do not corrode and are neutral to the action of acidic and alkaline media. But their main drawback is the ability to change the color and smell of water.
Fittings for outdoor and indoor sewerage
A fitting is a part of a pipeline intended for turning, connecting, branching, changing to another size, parts of pipes. For an external pipeline, the following types of fittings are distinguished:
Fittings for internal sewage systems differ from external ones in color, wall thickness and diameter.
Fittings types
The main indicators of pipes
- 25 mm for draining water from the washing machine and dishwasher;
- 32 mm from any kind of siphon;
- 50 mm for routing the pipeline around the room;
- more than 110 mm for outdoor sewerage.
So, if you decide to lay a sewer, you need to take into account all the basic indicators, the place of passage, the number of transitions and turns, in order to purchase you need the number of pipes and fittings. Correctly selected material and dimensions will allow the sewage system to serve for a long time and without interruptions.
Sewerage pipes: video
Sewer pipes: photo
Angles (turns) are used as bends for sewage pipelines. There are three types of swing angle - 30, 45, 90˚ for each diameter. In the internal system, fittings of this type Ø110 (vertical risers) and 50 mm horizontal wiring are used), in external sewerage systems - only Ø110 mm (in rare cases - 150 mm.). If earlier flow change by 90 degrees Since there was a danger of clogging in metal, asbestos pipes when laying an external sewage system, then, with the advent of sewage outlets made of PVC and HDPE, this precaution became unnecessary. However, many technicians habitually use two 45˚ bends with smooth flow direction instead of one 90˚.
In addition to corners and turns, there are also reductions, transitions from metal to metal, tees, crosses. stubs, revisions, etc. All such fittings can be used as bends, since they also have angles of rotation - from 30 to 90 degrees.
The docking methods are also different. This is a socket connection, welding, and compression joining using couplings. For welding and socket joints, pipelines have smooth cleaned edges. With a socket, all products have, respectively, a socket on one side and an even end on the other. Tightness is provided by rubber rings in the grooves of the bell (PVC bends), welding joints, compression couplings (polyethylene products).
The industry produces sewerage taps of standard sizes in accordance with the requirements of GOST, which facilitates the design, installation, repair, and maintenance of systems.
Video review - Bends: types and types.
Taps for internal sewerage are made in black, butt-connected or couplings. In the first case, the edges of the parts are heated to a plastic state, pressed against each other for a time sufficient for solidification. A spiral is installed in the couplings during production at the factory, which is heated on site by a welding machine.
These sewer outlets do not need to be welded, they are inserted into the pipe sockets of the same name on one side, put on the smooth parts of the pipes on the other. The installation speed increases several times, no electric heating tools are required. The material for outdoor use is painted in a reddish-brown color, in contrast to the domestic sewer fittings (it has a gray color). When manufacturing a pipeline, you cannot combine various materials, PVC pipes are joined only with similar fittings, the same applies to polypropylene, polyethylene. This guarantees a long service life. The rubber gaskets are generously lubricated with silicone, which facilitates a good joint and increases the seal.
Fittings are connected by couplings, have one O-ring on each side. In the place of the fold, the outer part of the product is reduced, corrugation is used at the edges. The same fittings can be connected to smooth pipes from other manufacturers by adding collar adapters.
The manufacturer Vavin has patented his own system of sockets for corrugated pipes, which has no analogues. On the outer surface there is a triangular recess, which is a lock. The double seal allows the use of bends in pressure systems. The products of this manufacturer use high quality raw materials, which increases their prices. The declared resource is from 50 years.
These fittings are segment fittings produced by the manufacturer in two types: 45, 90⁰ from PEND polyethylene. the ends of the products can be smooth or bell-shaped. A feature of the product is the absence of rounding, the flow changes immediately, therefore, fittings of this system are used much less often than other analogues.
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Alexander, here are the best sewer pipe manufacturers:
One of the leaders in the world market for the production of plastic products is Rehau. The manufacturer specializes in the manufacture of high-quality products from high-tech materials.
Rehau pipes have the following properties:
High degree of sound insulation;
Corrosion resistant;
High strength;
Impact resistance;
Resistance to aggressive environments;
Wear resistance;
Ease.
Rehau products are widely used for domestic sewerage systems, as they have the best degree of sound absorption. Pipes and fittings to them are resistant to high temperatures, therefore they can be used in systems for special purposes. Thanks to the unique manufacturing technology, such items will last for at least 50 years.
The Wavin company is the most powerful manufacturer of plastic products in Europe. Wavin products are very popular and have won the trust of customers due to their strength characteristics. In the production of Vavin sewerage systems, the latest scientific achievements in this area are applied.
Vavin pipes are distinguished by the following characteristics:
Strength;
Reliability;
Chemical resistance;
Resistant to high temperatures;
Silence;
Ease;
Environmental friendliness;
Durability.
The Wavin company produces a wide range of products for indoor and outdoor sewerage, as well as sewer wells. In the manufacture of Vavin products, PP and PVC material is used. The Wavin internal sewerage system is distinguished by a low-noise system, which is in great demand today. Due to the special structure of the material, Vavin pipes surpassed even cast iron products in terms of noise level.
Ostendorf products are manufactured using the latest technology based on high quality polypropylene. Sewerage Ostendorf is made of heat-resistant polymer, which makes it highly resistant to various aggressive environments. Ostendorf pipes and fittings can withstand high temperatures, which makes it possible to widely use them for internal sewerage. Ostendorf material does not burn, therefore it is used in the most fire hazardous places. Also, Ostendorf sewer systems have the following distinctive features:
Light weight, which facilitates transportation and installation;
High impact resistance at low temperatures;
Ostendorf pipes and fittings have a smooth surface;
Reliable socket connections, which are produced with lip seals already installed at the Ostendorf factory;
Ostendorf pipes have a centimeter scale for easy installation;
Ostendorf products are manufactured in different diameters - from 32 to 160 mm;
Ostendorf sewerage systems have a special fastening.
Ostendorf produces a wide range of pipes and fittings. Thanks to special fittings, the Ostendorf drainage system can be combined with other systems.
Today, polyethylene pipes are used everywhere, not only for cold water supply and water supply through the water supply system, but also for heating. The connection of such pipes to each other is carried out using fittings. Polypropylene fittings, HDPE fittings, compression fittings, couplings for polyethylene pipes - all these are fittings for polyethylene pipes, taps also belong to them. It is worth considering in more detail their advantages and disadvantages, as well as other issues.
Construction of polyethylene pipes
Plastic plumbing parts for cold water supply and heating can have a maximum length of 100 and 200 meters (produced in the form of special coils), sometimes they are produced in separate sections of 12 meters. Naturally, such huge parts are not used for cold water supply and heating of a private house.
The device of a standard water supply polyethylene pipe Drainage of water in sewerage systems of entire city districts, connection of main water pipelines for cold water supply, drainage of wastewater - this is their main purpose.
Installation of polyethylene pipes is carried out, as mentioned above, using special fittings. The most common are compression fittings, which can be found commercially in any construction market.
Main settings
Actually, fittings for polyethylene pipes and plastic products themselves are classified according to 3 main indicators:
As for the brands, the plastic parts for cold water supply and those with the help of which water is drained (they are not used for heating - only for cold water supply lines) are divided into 2 types: PE-80 and PE-100.
For household needs PE-80 is an ideal option. But PE-100 is used where there will be a very high internal pressure in the water supply system. SDR is also very clear: it's just the ratio of the inner diameter to the wall thickness. The higher this indicator, the stronger the plastic parts.
Their soldering is carried out both there and there in the same way, regardless of whether they are used to drain water or they serve for heating. Fastening with plastic parts is the best option in any case, especially when it comes to compression fittings.
Wiring diagram for plastic water supply Advantages and disadvantages
Among the advantages that plastic products have, you can find the following:
- installation of polyethylene pipes is extremely simple;
- relatively low cost;
- the impossibility of the appearance of corrosion in principle (they only react to alkali and other aggressive chemical reagents);
- fittings for polyethylene pipes are produced in a wide variety of options and modifications (including compression fittings, with the help of which the connection of nodes at an angle is carried out);
- they can be used both for water supply and for heating; people also carry out drainage of water and sewage using plastic pipes;
- all fittings, including taps, are also plastic, which makes the parts lightweight and inexpensive, and it is quite easy to connect different parts, unlike metal parts.
General wiring diagram for plastic pipes used for heating needs
The main disadvantage of plastic pipes is that they are not resistant to ultraviolet rays.
But they, of course, have their disadvantages:
The installation of polyethylene pipes for heating should be carried out in a closed mode, that is, the product must be brought into a special casing on a site outside the house so that it does not corny in the sun.
This also applies to the elements with which the connection of different parts of the pipeline is carried out. The drainage of sewage, as noted above, is also not always possible.
Installation features
What such products are famous for is ease of installation and elementary convenience. Installation of polyethylene pipes for heating and water supply, their connection - this can be done by any person who is at least in the slightest degree familiar with such work.
Among the main features of the installation are the following:
The thickness of the sand and gravel substrate must be at least 10 centimeters!
Types of fittings
All fittings for similar products are classified as follows:
- it can be detachable;
- it can be one-piece.
Plastic pipes are more durable than metal ones One-piece - more reliable, but they will have to be mounted using butt or even electrofusion welding. It is not difficult to guess that such fittings are used only in cases where the entire structure of the water supply system will be under very high internal pressure.
There is simply no sense in using one-piece fittings for the same home water supply system. Detachable means flanged, less often socket types of various connections. Typically used in non-pressurized water supply systems, although there may be exceptions to this rule.
They always have a rubberized seal, which allows you to make the different parts of the fittings fit as closely as possible to each other. It is clear that in this case, their connection is definitely not done by welding, but simply by hand.
Video
You can watch a video on how to choose the right HDPE pipes for water supply and heating.
