Incredible facts of history. Towards the modern world: the most interesting facts in human history

History is an interesting science, it tells about distant eras and various events, makes them analyze facts and baffles scientists. Historical findings are still not uncommon, and some refute the generally accepted versions of the development of human civilization, and force us to put forward new hypotheses. More than once history was rewritten, adjusted to templates, and interpreted in a form convenient for the ruling class. It seems that the modern level of technology and knowledge can explain the most incredible and strange events. But there is still a place in the world for the unknown and the inexplicable.

Ancient archaeological finds

The work of archaeologists has more than once presented the world with surprises: the found artifacts and household items baffled historians. Their antiquity did not correspond to the official version of human development. How to explain the presence of iron weapons among wild tribes unfamiliar with metallurgy? Why were these or those objects built? How could they be built, if even modern technologies are not able to reproduce similar ones or simply transport building materials of the same weight? Get to know some of the controversial architectural sites around which there are many articles and scientific theories.

Pyramids

The well-known all over the world pyramids of the pharaohs of Egypt existed already 2600 thousand years BC. (this time is roughly determined, the exact age has not yet been established). A lot is known about the life of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, but many questions still remain unanswered. Why does the tilt angle along the line that can connect all the pyramids exactly match the tilt angle of Orion's Belt in 10,500 BC? completely match?

Another inexplicable fact: construction technologies during the reign of the pharaohs do not explain the appearance of such large and majestic buildings. The amazing stories about the curse of the pharaohs raise many questions, but even now it is impossible to fully explain why punishment overtakes everyone who disturbed the peace of the ancient rulers of Egypt.

And one more important and unusual point: the pyramids found on different continents are surprisingly similar to each other. In addition to Egypt, they can be proud of their huge monuments:

  • Latin America (Mayan and Aztec pyramids);
  • Andes (places of worship in Norte Chico);
  • China (tombs of the rulers of the Zhou and Zhao, Ming, Tang, Qin, Han, Sui dynasties);
  • Rome (pyramid of Cestius);
  • Nubia (city of Meroe);
  • Spain (pyramids of Gumar);
  • Russia (pyramids of the Kola Peninsula, Aryan temple in Rostov-on-Don).

All religious buildings date back to different centuries, but have a number of similar features. An interesting fact: the artificially created pyramids of the Kola Peninsula were built about 10 thousand years ago, which allows us to speak of them as the oldest in the world. And it makes you remember the mysterious Hyperborea, which is considered either a myth, or the cradle of all mankind.

It is also worth mentioning the underwater finds. It is possible that pyramidal structures were found in the Bermuda Triangle, which have already been called the legendary Atlantis that went under water. True, there is very little information about the find and they are contradictory. But the Japanese underwater pyramidal structures are being studied carefully.

Disputes about their age are still ongoing: some scientists talk about 5 thousand years, others - about 10. Apparently, there is a lot of truth in ancient myths, the history of human development can be changed by new data.

Mysterious finds

Historical religious buildings, unusual monuments, strange ancient monuments, interesting archaeological finds have puzzled scientists more than once. Sometimes it is very difficult to understand and explain how and why some objects and structures appeared. A number of objects can be added to the list of the most inexplicable.

The idols of Easter Island. They are over 1000 years old, but who created them from compressed volcanic ash?

Stonehenge. Many legends are associated with this place: it is mentioned about the druids, the wizard Merlin, the legendary Grail. But the question is that Stonehenge was created much earlier. This is precisely established by scientists. Radiocarbon analysis indicates an age of 3,500 BC. But this does not prevent us from putting forward the most incredible theories of the origin of this mysterious structure. There are already about 200 of them.

Interestingly, in addition to the famous English Stonehenge, there are similar buildings:

  • Small henge in England;
  • Karahunj in Armenia;
  • ancient stones found in the city of Gela (Italy);
  • basalt boulders in Australia (near Melbourne);
  • prehistoric earthen henge of Ireland;
  • cromlech in the Rostov region (Russia);
  • cromlekh of the Khortytsya island (Ukraine);
  • boulders of Salem (USA);
  • stone forest in Bulgaria.

They are all unique. They are often called ancient observatories, sundials, religious buildings, but their true purpose remains a mystery.

Drawings of Nazco in Peru. The Nazca plateau is painted: there are images of birds, animals, geometric shapes. What is so unusual about this? Only that the scale is amazing, you can see them entirely from a bird's eye view. But now they were created about 900 years ago, then they only dreamed of flying ...

Stainless column in Delhi. It has been standing in an Indian open-air city for 1,600 years. The height of the column is 7 meters, how it was melted is not clear. But the most amazing fact is this: no rust forms on the iron, not even a speck.

Kailasanatha Temple. According to legend, seven thousand craftsmen over a hundred years carved a majestic Indian temple with a simple pick and chisel, moving from top to bottom along a huge rock. How they managed to reproduce such precise forms and maintain all proportions is unclear.

These and other interesting historical findings baffle scientists. Will people ever be able to pinpoint their purpose or how they were created? There is no such confidence. In the meantime, we have to be content with more or less plausible theories.

Science is interesting

The history of the development of various sciences is filled with interesting facts. It is no secret that many discoveries were accidental, and sometimes unrelated scientists living in different countries came to the same conclusions almost simultaneously. Or they went down in history as inventors, although they only improved and spread other people's ideas.

Some myths are still stubbornly perceived as real historical events:

  • Edison's light bulb. He is still considered its inventor, although he only improved the already finished invention, and with the help of his employees after numerous experiments. But at the origins of the creation were the Russian inventors Yablochkov and Lodygin, the Englishman Joseph Swan, the British Frederick de Moleins and the American John Starr.


Little-known, sometimes specially "forgotten" facts from the history of various sciences can significantly change the usual ideas about their development and formation.

Some historical events are associated with animals. Remember the legendary story of how geese saved Rome. It so happens that our smaller brothers become the cause of global upheavals and can change the fate of nations.

Check out the highlights:

  • The mass extermination of sparrows in China has caused the death of about 30 million people. The natural enemies of locusts and caterpillars that disappeared from the fields led to their mass reproduction. As a result of the destruction of crops, famine began. And bugs also bred, which also brought a lot of inconvenience and problems to the inhabitants of the Celestial Empire.

These are negative examples, but there are also positive ones. Domestic animals have repeatedly rescued their owners during earthquakes. They sensed the approach of a catastrophe and warned by their behavior about the coming disaster. Seismic biologists have learned how to correctly interpret the signals of snakes, birds, fish and mammals.

Unusual medicine

The historical record of what has sometimes been used as medicine is astounding.

Some of the more unusual treatments are:

  • Soothing syrup for children. Nurses and young mothers in England and America in the 19th century used ammonia and morphine syrup. The medicine was considered universal.
  • Children used to be treated for coughs with heroin, it was used as a substitute for morphine.
  • The tobacco enema was used medicinally in Western Europe. By the way, back in the middle of the last century, cigarettes were advertised as a healthy product.
  • For the treatment of hemorrhoids in the Middle Ages, a hot iron stake was used.
  • Trepanation was done by ancient doctors with a hammer, so mental disorders were treated, it is not surprising that patients often died right on the operating table.
  • It was believed that sexually transmitted diseases could be cured with mercury or lead. After such rubbing, people died more often than from the disease itself.

Reincarnation: myth or truth

In history, there are many references to the reincarnation of deceased people. Is it a myth or does reincarnation exist?

You will seriously think about this if you learn some facts from the life of great people:

  • Napoleon and Hitler. Having studied their biography, it is not difficult to believe in reincarnation, many significant events in the lives of both dictators occurred with an interval of 129 years. 1760 and 1889 are the years of birth of Napoleon and Hitler. Then the dates go respectively: coming to power - 1804 and 1933, the conquest of Vienna and the attack on Russia - 1812 and 1841, defeat in the war - 1816 and 1945.
  • Lincoln and Kennedy. These American presidents have a difference of exactly 100 years: Lincoln was born in 1818, Kennedy in 1918. And further coincidences: they became presidents in 1860 and 1960, respectively. Both were killed on Friday, Lincoln at the Kennedy Theater, Kennedy in the Lincoln car. Their killers were also born 100 years apart. As did the successors to the presidency: both Johnson Andrew and Lyndon took the presidency after the assassination, one was born in 1808, the other in 1908.

Studying historical legends, myths and theories, you can learn a lot of interesting facts about humanity, the life of great people, their discoveries and inventions.

The history in our head is sometimes at different levels. We know individual historical facts, but we never try to compare them with each other and represent the course of history as a single whole. The teachers have sorted things out, but forgot to combine the facts, and when we think about the events of the past, healthy cognitive dissonance can be experienced. Don't believe me?

The fax was invented before the telephone

It would seem that the fax is a more technological device, because it can transmit not only text, but also still images, which in the 19th century was considered something unimaginable. The earliest developments of the facsimile device appeared in the early 1800s, but they turned into reality in 1865, when the first electromechanical fax was introduced on the Paris-Lyon line.

The first telephone appeared only 10 years later, when Alexander Bell, together with Thomas Wattson, showed the general public a real membrane telephone.

From the first plane to the flight to the moon - one step

The 20th century is associated with an incredible leap forward in science. Much of what surrounds us was invented at that time. Fun fact: The first flight of the Wright brothers on their homemade glider occurred in 1903. Just 66 years later, humanity landed on the moon. Unfortunately, now there is a slowdown in the development of science due to imperfect technologies, but in the future we can expect another such leap forward, and who knows where it will lead us.

Harvard University predates the derivation of Newton's laws

In the Middle Ages, scientific research was mainly carried out by the clergy. Then the church did not deny scientific development if it did not contradict the divine principle. Nevertheless, in 1636, the famous Harvard University was founded, from which the greatest minds of mankind emerged. At the same time, the famous work of Isaac Newton on the laws of universal gravity and motion of bodies "Principia Mathemitica" appeared only in 1687.

Cleopatra rules closer to flying to the moon than building pyramids

Modern analysis of the age of the pyramids has shown that the same famous pyramid of Cheops in Egypt was built around 2540 BC. The famous queen Cleopatra ruled the state closer to the zero point of reference - 69-30 BC. Man landed on the moon, as we mentioned, in 1969.

Enemies in the same city

Fun fact: some of the most important personalities of the 20th century lived in the same city in 1913, namely Vienna. Stalin, Hitler, Trotsky, Freud, Joseph Franz - the apartments and residences of all these people were not far from each other.

For example, Trotsky and Hitler often visited the same cafe in the center of Vienna, it is likely that they crossed paths there more than once, but did not know each other yet. Literally a couple of steps away from here there was another cafe, which Freud used to visit. It is also known that between the apartments of Stalin and Hitler there was only an hour of leisurely walking, perhaps they met during evening walks.

Italy is just a little bit older than Coca-Cola

The Kingdom of Italy appeared in 1861 when several independent states united into a single country. The famous Coca-Cola drink appeared only 31 years later, in 1892.

Steam locomotives were invented before bicycles

It would seem that such a simple invention as a bicycle has existed for a long time, but in reality everything turned out to be more complicated. Huge and complex steam engines appeared after the patent for the steam carriage in 1797. At the same time, the first bicycle was shown only in 1818.

Nintendo came before you think

The renowned manufacturer of video games and consoles on the market today, Nintendo has a rich history. In fact, it appeared at the end of the 19th century, in 1889. Then the world famous brand was engaged in the manufacture of playing cards, as well as accessories for board games. Just at the time of the founding of this company in Paris, they were still finishing the construction of the majestic Eiffel Tower, and in London the noise had not yet subsided due to the high-profile murders of that very Jack the Ripper.

The oldest tree on earth actually witnessed the death of mammoths

Some of the oldest trees on earth are the Bristlecone pines, found in a nature reserve in California. Some of them are already 5 thousand years old, and they have experienced a lot of great historical events on the planet. Including the death of the last mammoth, which scientists date about 4 thousand years ago.

We offer a fascinating selection of historical facts about Russia and Russian people. Informative and interesting:

The origin of the name of our country is unknown

Since ancient times, our country was called Rus, but where this name came from is not known for certain. But it is known how “Rus” turned into “Russia” - this happened thanks to the Byzantines, who pronounced the word “Rus” in their own way.

After the disintegration of Russia, its individual regions began to be called Little Russia, White Russia and Great Russia, or Little Russia, Belarus and Great Russia. It was believed that only all these parts together make up Russia. But after the 1917 revolution and the coming to power of the Bolsheviks, Little Russia was called Ukraine, and Great Russia - Russia.

In Russia, grasshoppers were called dragonflies.

A long time ago, in the days of Russia, grasshoppers were really called dragonflies, but this name in no way directly refers to a flying insect dragonfly, the grasshopper was named "dragonfly" because of the sounds it made that sounded like chirping or clicking.

Foreign invaders were able to conquer Russia only once

Many have tried to conquer Russia, and these attempts have repeatedly failed. Only the Mongols were able to conquer Russia, and this happened in the 13th century. The reason for this was that at that time Russia was divided into many principalities, and the Russian princes could not unite and jointly repulse the conquerors. Since then and to this day, it is the stupidity and greed of the rulers, internal conflicts that have been and remain the main source of problems for our country.

Corporal punishment in Russia

On August 11, old style (24 new), 1904, corporal punishment for peasants and young artisans was abolished in the Russian Empire. This was the last social group for which various types of physical pressure were still used. Earlier, in June of that year, corporal punishment was abolished in the navy and army.

Corporal punishment fell into three broad categories:

1) self-injuring (mutilating) - depriving a person of any part of the body or damaging it (blindness, cutting out the tongue, cutting off an arm, leg or fingers, cutting off ears, nose or lips, castration);

2) painful - causing physical suffering by inflicting beatings with various tools (whip, whips, batogs (sticks), pins, rods, cats, molts);

3) shameful (disgraceful) - the most important is the disgrace of the punished (for example, showing at the pillory, branding, imposing chains, shaving the head).

The upper strata of the population were sensitive to the prohibition of corporal punishment. In July 1877, the St. Petersburg mayor Trepov, in violation of the law of 1863, ordered the political prisoner Bogolyubov to be flogged with rods. The educated Bogolyubov went crazy and died of such an insult, and the famous Vera Zasulich avenged him, seriously wounding Trepov. The court acquitted Zasulich.

Since 1917, official Soviet pedagogy considered corporal punishment of children unacceptable. They were banned in all types of educational institutions, but remained a common occurrence in the family. In 1988, journalist Filippov conducted an anonymous survey of 7,500 children from 9 to 15 years old in 15 cities of the USSR, 60% admitted that their parents used corporal punishment against them.

Cuban Missile Crisis and Black Saturday

What we call the Cuban Missile Crisis is what the Americans call the Cuban Crisis, and the Cubans themselves the October Crisis. But the whole world calls the most important day in the Cuban missile crisis by one name - "Black Saturday" (October 27, 1962) - the day when the world was closest to a global nuclear war.

Russia has repeatedly helped the United States in their formation and strengthening

If it were not for Russia, the United States would not have emerged at all, much less would have become a superpower. During the War of Independence with England, the English king repeatedly turned to Russia for help in suppressing the uprising. Russia, however, not only did not help, but also founded a league of armed neutrality, which was soon joined by other countries that traded with the United States despite the protests of England. During the American Civil War, Russia actively supported the northerners by sending squadrons to New York and San Francisco, while England and France wanted the United States to disintegrate and took the southerners' side. Finally, Russia ceded California and Hawaii, where it had colonies, to the United States, and then sold the United States and Alaska for a ridiculous price. However, in the 20th century, the United States, having become a world power, responded to Russia with black ingratitude.

The USSR could have easily won the Cold War

After the end of the Second World War, two superpowers remained in the world, clashing in a global confrontation - the USA and the USSR. Despite the worst starting conditions, the USSR in the 60s pulled ahead in many ways, and many believed that it would win the fight against the capitalists. In the 70s, the capitalist world was struck by a severe crisis provoked by the rise in oil prices, and the US economy was on the verge of collapse. However, the Soviet leadership not only did not take advantage of the situation, but, on the contrary, actually saved its adversary by concluding agreements on disarmament and agreeing to sell oil for dollars. The United States, on the other hand, relied on the collapse of the USSR and victory in the Cold War, which, in the end, was achieved 20 years later, with the complicity of traitors among the Soviet leadership.

First Japanese in Russia

The first Japanese to come to Russia was Denbey, the son of a merchant from Osaka. His ship was nailed to the shores of Kamchatka in 1695. In 1701 he reached Moscow.

In the winter of 1702, after an audience on January 8 with Peter I in the village of Preobrazhenskoye, Denbey was ordered to become a translator and teacher of the Japanese language in the Artillery Order. Denbey personally told Peter I about Japan what he could, and thus gave impetus to Russian efforts to explore Kamchatka and the Kuriles and attempts to open trade with Japan.

Since 1707, Denbey lived at the palace of the prince and at one time the governor of the Siberian province, Matvey Gagarin. It is known that at the insistence of an associate of Peter I, Jacob Bruce, Denbay was baptized and took the name Gabriel Bogdanov (which closed his way back to Japan, where Christianity was prohibited). The school of translators from Japanese founded by him operated in Moscow until 1739, after which it was transferred to Irkutsk, where it existed until 1816.

Before Denbey, only one Japanese was known in Russia. During the reign of Boris Godunov, a Japanese of the Christian faith visited Russia. He was a young Catholic from Manila who, together with his spiritual mentor Nicholas Melo of the Order of St. Augustine, traveled to Rome along the route Manila - India - Persia - Russia. But the Time of Troubles turned out to be tragic for them: as foreign Catholics they were seized, and Tsar Boris Godunov exiled them to the Solovetsky monastery. After six years of exile, he was executed as a supporter of False Dmitry I in 1611 in Nizhny Novgorod. In Russia he was considered an Indian, not a Japanese.

Favorite commander of Catherine II

Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov was the favorite of Empress Catherine. She noted and showered awards on the Russian Macedonian, and he happened to allow himself what others were not allowed, knowing in advance that Catherine would always forgive any trick or eccentricity of the great commander. Here are some interesting cases:

Once at a court ball, Catherine decided to pay attention to Suvorov and asked him:
- How to treat your dear guest? - Bless, Queen, with vodka! - But what will my ladies-in-waiting say when they talk to you? - They will feel that the soldier is talking to them!

Once in a conversation, the empress said that she was planning to send Suvorov to serve in Finland in the future. Suvorov bowed to the empress, kissed her hand and returned home. Then he got into the post carriage and left for Vyborg, from where he sent Catherine a message: "I am waiting, mother, for your further orders."

It is known that Suvorov, even in severe frosts, dressed very lightly. Catherine II presented Suvorov with a fur coat and ordered him to wear it. What to do? Suvorov began to carry with him the granted fur coat everywhere, but he kept it on his knees.

After the Poles were pacified in 1794, Suvorov sent a messenger with a message. The message is the following: Hurray! Warsaw is ours! " Catherine's answer: “Hurray! Field Marshal Suvorov! " And this at the time of lengthy reports about the capture of cities. As a text message sent. But, nevertheless, he did not succeed in surpassing Field Marshal Saltykov in lapidarity, who, after a battle with the Prussians at Kunersdorf during the Seven Years' War, simply sent the Prussian king's hat found on the battlefield to St. Petersburg.

Kutuzov is not a pirate, he doesn't need an eye patch!

In recent years, images of the commander-in-chief of the Russian army in 1812, Field Marshal, His Serene Highness Prince M.I. Golenishchev-Kutuzov, with a bandage on his right eye, began to be massively replicated. One-eyed Kutuzov can be seen on the covers of books and magazines, in paintings by contemporary artists and on various souvenirs, as well as on busts and monuments.

Such images do not correspond to historical accuracy, since Kutuzov never wore an eye patch. There is not a single memoir or epistolary evidence of Kutuzov's contemporaries describing a field marshal with a patch on his right eye. Moreover, Kutuzov had no reason to hide his eye under a bandage, since he saw with this eye, although not as well as with his left.

“Fate appoints Kutuzov to something great,” said the chief surgeon of the Russian army Masso, who examined Kutuzov's “fatal wound” in the head in 1788 near Ochakov. The bullet went through from temple to temple behind both eyes. The doctors' verdict was unambiguous - death, but Kutuzov not only did not die, but did not even lose his sight, although his right eye was slightly distorted. The surprise of the doctors and the whole world that Kutuzov remained to live and after 6 months was again in the ranks, was boundless, like 14 years before, when he was first "mortally wounded". In 1774, near Alushta, as well as near Ochakov, Kutuzov was wounded in the head, and the bullet passed in almost the same place. Then doctors from all over Europe considered Kutuzov's recovery a miracle, and many believed that the news of the general's injury and healing was a fairy tale, since it was impossible to survive after such a wound.

Actually, at the beginning of the 19th century. wearing an eye patch after the wound healed was not accepted (even if the eye was completely absent). For the first time, the "one-eyed" Kutuzov appeared in 1944 in the feature film "Kutuzov". Then the directors of the musical comedy film "Hussar Ballad" (1962) and the performance of the same name (1964) and ballet (1979) put on a bandage over Kutuzov's right eye.

The image of Kutuzov, brilliantly played by Igor Ilyinsky, gave rise to a stable legend that Kutuzov wore a patch over his damaged eye. The replication of this legend in recent years has become so widespread that it has begun to distort historical reality.

Jesters of Empress Anna Ioannovna

The niece of Peter I ruled the Russian Empire for 10 years. The harsh nature of the Russian landowner did not prevent her from having fun.

It is known that Empress Anna Ioannovna was very fond of fools and dwarfs. There were six of them at her court. Three of them were demoted aristocrats. So, she forced princes Mikhail Golitsyn and Nikita Volkonsky, as well as Count Alexei Apraksin, to play the role of a jester. Radiant clowns were supposed to grimace in the presence of the Empress, sit on top of each other and beat their fists until they bleed, or pretend hens and cluck. In the last year of her reign, the empress arranged the wedding of her jesters - 50-year-old prince Golitsyn and the ugly Kalmyk Anna Buzheninova, who received her surname in honor of the empress's favorite dish. Representatives of different nationalities of both sexes were registered to participate in wedding celebrations from all over the country: Russians, Tatars, Mordvins, Chuvash, etc. They were supposed to dress up in their national clothes and have musical instruments. It was winter. By order of Anna Ioannovna, an ice house was built on the Neva, in which everything - walls, doors, windows, furniture, dishes - was made of ice. Here the wedding celebration was celebrated. Many candles were burning in ice candlesticks, and even the marriage bed for the "young" was arranged on an ice bed.

Peter I and the sentries

In winter, slingshots were placed on the Neva, so that after dark, no one would be allowed into the city or from the city. Once Emperor Peter I decided to check the guards himself. He drove up to one of the sentries, pretended to be a partying merchant and asked to let him through, offering money for the pass. The sentry refused to let him through, although Peter had already reached 10 rubles, the amount at that time was very significant. The sentry, seeing such persistence, threatened that he would be forced to shoot him.

Peter left and went to another sentry. The same one missed Peter for 2 rubles.

The next day, an order was announced for the regiment: hang the corrupt sentry, and drill the rubles he received and hang him around his neck.

Promote a conscientious sentry to corporal and welcome him with ten rubles.

Thai national anthem

The Thai national anthem was written in 1902 by the Russian composer Pyotr Shchurovsky.

Nicholas I gave his officers a choice between a guardhouse and listening to Glinka's operas as punishment.

On November 27, 1842, the first performance of Mikhail Glinka's opera “Ruslan and Lyudmila” took place, which brought the author a number of sensitive griefs. The public and high society did not like the opera; after Act IV, Emperor Nicholas I defiantly left without waiting for the end. He did not like the music of the opera so much that he commanded, as punishment, the fined officers of the capital to choose between the guardhouse and listening to Glinka's music. So the emperor additionally expressed his displeasure with the work of the composer. Such were the morals, alas. Thank God that Nikolai did not send the composer himself to the guardhouse.

"Thank God that you are Russian"

In 1826, a "Russian contemporary" described the appearance of the sovereign - Emperor Nicholas I: "Tall, lean, had a wide chest ... a quick look, a sonorous voice, suitable for the tenor, but spoke a little patter ... Some genuine severity was visible in his movements." ...

"Genuine severity" ... When he commanded the troops, he never shouted. There was no need for this - the king's voice could be heard a mile away; the tall grenadiers looked like children next to him. Nikolai led an ascetic lifestyle, but if we talk about the luxury of the courtyard, the magnificent receptions, they stunned everyone, especially foreigners. This was done in order to emphasize the status of Russia, which the emperor cared about incessantly.

General Pyotr Daragan recalled how, in the presence of Nikolai Pavlovich, he spoke French, grazing. Nikolai, suddenly making an exaggeratedly serious face, began to repeat every word after him, thus bringing his wife to a fit of laughter. Daragan, crimson with shame, rushed into the waiting room, where Nikolai caught up with him and, after kissing him, explained: “Why are you lurking? Nobody will take you for a Frenchman; thank God that you are Russian, and being a monkey is no good. "

Prospects for profit - it was believed that at a speed of 60 km / h, passengers would suffocate.

  • Opponents of the gas for lighting in England have argued that it disrupts whaling.
  • Isaac Singer (sewing machines) was married to five women at the same time. He had 15 children from them and, in order not to be mistaken, he called all daughters Mary.
  • In the 1st century AD, out of 87 types of goods that were imported into Ancient Rome from the countries of Asia and the east coast of Africa, 44 were spices.
  • Spices were highly valued - in the 5th century, the Romans bought an entire city from the siege of the barbarians for one and a half tons of pepper.
  • When Vasco da Gama reached Calcutta and returned with a merchandise that paid sixty times the cost of the voyage.
  • Sir Francis Drake, having set out on a voyage on one ship, brought a cargo, the cost of which exceeded the entire annual income of Queen Elizabeth.
  • Sugar was such a profitable commodity that the Dutch traded Suriname for sugar, and France abandoned Canada in exchange for Guadeloupe and its cane plantations.
  • More than half a million arrows were fired during the battle between the British and French at Crécy.
  • Norbert Wiener formulated a concept that he called cybernetics (from the Greek for "control") and used in his work on anti-aircraft fire guidance systems. In 1944, this system was implemented in the M-9 anti-aircraft fire control device. From the very beginning, it proved to be highly effective in intercepting German V-1 missiles in the English Channel. At first, anti-aircraft gunners shot down about 24% of the missiles fired. On the day of the last raid, of the 108 missiles that took off, 64 were destroyed using a fire control system.
  • In the 17th century, whaling made 500% of the profits.
  • In the middle of the 17th century, under the influence of Luther's ideas, believers in droves were switching from Catholicism to the Protestant faith. In 1656, Rome decided to retaliate and convened a church council. The cathedral lasted for several decades and one of its decisions was to strengthen propaganda by means of art - this trend is now known as the baroque.
  • In the Aristotelian model of the universe, the Earth was in the center of the Universe. And the days of Easter (which are determined taking into account the relative position of the Sun and the Moon) were calculated incorrectly. And since the observance of church holidays was a necessary condition for the salvation of the soul, the mistake had to be corrected. The church entrusted this to the Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus.
  • What we call "cucumber" in Indian ornament is nothing more than a fir or pine cone, a traditional Muslim symbol of prosperity and fertility.
  • The Nobel plant, which produces sea mines in Russia, was named for conspiracy the "Mechanical and iron plant of Ogarev and Nobel". It was these mines during the Crimean War that forced the Allies to start an overland assault on Sevastopol, and leave transport ships with provisions and uniforms in the Balaklava raid. There they were caught by the famous hurricane on November 14, 1854, during which the fleet was completely destroyed.
  • London medicine luminaries recommended smoking more to kill germs and wearing a mustache as a respirator.
  • Six months after the arrival of Florence Nightingale in Crimea, the mortality rate among the wounded dropped from forty-four to two percent. In total, out of 18,058 British killed in the Crimean campaign, 1,761 people were killed on the battlefield, the rest died as a result of hospitalization.
  • In the 17th century, the average life expectancy
  • I wonder what the sex life of our ancestors was like? What were the poses? What were the morals? Or maybe intimacy was something vicious and sinful? This can be judged by ancient writings and folklore. And here are the conclusions made by the researchers.

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    In the hustle and bustle, we forgot a little about the 125th anniversary of Mikhail Bulgakov, and when we remembered, in order not to be banal, we decided to talk not about the writer himself, but about an equally amazing person who became the prototype of Professor Preobrazhensky - the surgeon Sergei Abramovich Voronov, who was considered a genius , and Frankenstein at the same time.

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    Art is eternal. From cave paintings to digital art: our entire stay on this planet is permeated with threads of paints, canvases, pencils and pastels. This is a kind of temporary funnel, with the help of which you can find yourself anywhere at any second. But which of all this is really worthy of being considered great?

    / Historical facts

    Great scientists and historians began to conduct deep research to prove or disprove the existence of some prominent people. I suggest you familiarize yourself with six historical figures whose existence causes the most controversy.

    / Historical facts

    Now the phone means every minute access to the Internet, games, applications and even two cameras to make selfies more convenient. The telephone has become an indicator of a person's social status in society. Now it serves not for the voice method of communication, but more for text, through social networks and text messages. But once everything was different ...

    / Historical facts

    Amazing monuments of architecture, man-made masterpieces and archaeological finds that go beyond our understanding, dating back to centuries and millennia BC, present the history of human civilization in a completely different light. Read on to know more.

    / Historical facts

    Are your new designer jeans so tight they don't let you take a breath? Are the shoes turning a date into hell? Well, put your heels aside and check out the real "instruments of torture" that were once included in the list of must-haves of any self-respecting fashionista. We present to your attention five of the most dangerous fashion delights for your health.

    / Historical facts

    What does it mean if a person “begs for the belly” in order to avoid being “hung up” as punishment for “petty betrayal”, in the hope of simply being sentenced to “relocation”? These are terms that were used daily in courtrooms throughout the 16th and 19th centuries, each representing a fascinating and often disturbing piece of our history. I suggest 15 historical crimes and punishments.

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    When we talk about cruelty and evil, we often think of murderers, maniacs and rapists. But have you ever thought that male names come to mind 100% of the time? How could it be otherwise? After all, a woman is a mother, it is tenderness and love. But history shows that indescribable unimaginable cruelty sometimes settled in a fragile woman's heart.

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    We are surrounded by many things, without which we simply cannot imagine our life, they are so "taken for granted" for us. It's hard to believe that there was once no match, pillow or fork for food. But all these objects have gone a long way of modification to get to us in the form in which we know them. I propose to learn the complex history of simple things. Part 2.

    / Historical facts

    We are surrounded by many things, without which we simply cannot imagine our life, they are so "taken for granted" for us. It's hard to believe that there was once no comb, tea bag, or buttons. But all these objects have gone a long way of modification to get to us in the form in which we know them. I propose to learn the complex history of simple things.

    / Historical facts

    “Our” habits are the habits of post-Soviet people. We were brought up and grew up in approximately equal conditions, with the same opportunities. And customs and traditions have made us recognizable almost all over the world. Yes, and lost in a foreign country, we can still get to know each other, even if we don't talk. One word: "our"!