Heating boiler controllers and systems: an overview of models and their functionality. TRM132M controller for heating and hot water supply with time control Thermal controller for the heating system
Automation of heating and hot water supply systems is necessary to constantly maintain the specified temperature of the coolant and water without direct human intervention.
Benefits of using an automation system
- Controllers for heating and hot water systems allow you to regulate the temperature regime in the heating circuit according to the heating schedule, which depends on the air temperature or on the temperature of the direct water from the main;
- automatic equipment for water supply maintains the temperature of hot water supply at a given level;
- Controllers for heating and hot water systems help to maintain the desired temperature of the heating and hot water systems and change it in accordance with a set schedule: day / night mode, work / weekends and according to an individual schedule set by the user;
- The heating system controller helps to maintain the temperature regime in the return pipe according to a set schedule in order to avoid fines for exceeding it;
- The feeding of the heating circuit is automated according to the readings of the pressure sensor in the heating network;
- The automatic transfer of the heating system between the "Winter / Summer" seasons can be configured, with periodic automatic scrolling of the circulation pumps;
- Overheating during thaw is excluded, energy is saved;
- Reduced pump wear due to optimization of the system operation algorithm;
- Alarm signals are configured in accordance with the readings of the temperature and pressure sensors in the networks, idling, electrical protection, etc.
Controllers KONTAR for heating and hot water systems
Controllers for heating and hot water supply systems "Kontar" are freely programmable controllers that are united into a single network via the RS485 interface, which makes them convenient for creating an extensive geographically distributed network. To program the controllers, the "Konggraph" design environment is used, in which an algorithm is created in the FBD language, which is easy to master for any engineer who is not a programmer. Programs for visualizing processes in the heating and hot water system allow monitoring parameters in real time, locally or via the Internet.
The installation of heating and hot water controllers reduces energy consumption by 30% by optimizing the operation of the systems according to an individually developed algorithm.
Controllers "Kontar" are suitable for automating projects of any complexity and scale from small structures to multi-storey buildings. To expand the system, you do not need to stop the already running controllers. Heating and hot water systems are also integrated with other building systems: security systems, energy metering, etc.
The following devices are recommended in the Kontar line of programmable controllers for the automation of heat points and heating and water supply systems:
- Programmable controllers - MC8, MC12,
- Expansion module (input-output module) - MA8.
Development of projects for automation of heating and hot water systems
For heat points, MZTA offers a library of algorithms. If there are no suitable algorithms in it, then you can develop them yourself. The development of algorithms is carried out in a special CONGRAF environment, and then using the CONSOLE software tool they are loaded into a programmable controller.
STANDARD PROJECTS for automation of heating points
A typical control loop for a substation based on a programmable controller usually includes the following functional controls:
- sensors: temperature, pressure, unauthorized access (optional);
- controls for giving commands in manual mode;
- means for visualizing the operating modes of the object;
- executive devices:
- low-power (valve drives);
- powerful (pumps).
- functional controls used in the technical solution;
- features of the heating object:
- heated area,
- number of storeys,
- the spatial configuration of the location of pipelines and radiators in the heating system of the facility;
- availability of special zones with special thermal conditions.
Table 1 shows the outputs of programmable controllers that are used to control actuators in the control loop of the substation.
Table 1 Outputs of programmable controllers for controlling executive devices
| MC8 | Discrete, "Electronic key" (open collector - MC8-301) | 8 | Not | 48V, 0.15A (DC) |
| Discrete, "Electronic key" (optocoupler triac - MC8-302) | 8 | there is | 48V, 0.8A (AC) | |
Analog:
| 2 | Not | 0 A - 0.02 A | |
| 1 | there is | |||
| MC12 | "Dry contact" | 8 | there is | Up to 250 A AC current Up to 3 A AC current |
Analog:
| 4 | Not | 0 A - 0.02 A | |
| RS485 port (Modbus RTU protocol) | 1 | there is | ||
| MA8 | "Electronic key" (optocoupler triac) | 2 | there is | 36V, 0.1A (AC) |
Analog:
| 2 | Not | 0 A - 0.02 A |
Additional components of spark-extinguishing circuits, intended for installation on a connected load, are included in the package of the supplied Kontar programmable controllers.
Depending on the features of a particular solution, control signals to actuators can be supplied through:
- analog output 0 V - 10 V;
- discrete output:
- directly connected to the executive device;
- connected to the power switch, which in turn controls the power device;
- rS485 port connected to the executive device via Modbus RTU protocol.
- set in the real time scheduler (built into the programmable controller),
- manual control signals (built-in or plug-in toggle switches, buttons),
- logical sensor signals (presence sensor, temperature sensor),
- analog sensor signals (temperature, pressure),
- command from the control room,
- command from the Master controller.
Ports and inputs of programmable controllers, which can be used in heat station control algorithms, are shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Ports and inputs of programmable controllers for solving problems of heat station control
| MC8 | MC12 | MA8 | |||||||||||||||||
| RS232 port (for communication with the upper layer) / number of ports | +/1 | + | - | ||||||||||||||||
| USB (for communication with the upper layer) / number of ports | +/1 | +/1 | - | ||||||||||||||||
| RS485 port / number of ports / presence of galvanic isolation from controller circuits | + / 2 / yes | + / 2 / yes | + / 1 / yes | ||||||||||||||||
| Limit maximum value of the measured parameter at the universal analog input for: | |||||||||||||||||||
| up to 50 mA | up to 50 mA | -
| up to 10V | up to 10V | up to 2.5 V | / number of inputs 50 Ohm ÷ 10 kOhm; /8 | 50 Ohm ÷ 10 kOhm; /8 | 50 Ohm ÷ 10 kOhm; /8 | Discrete input (optoelectronic pair) / number of inputs / presence of galvanic isolation from controller circuits | + / 4 / yes | + / 4 / yes | + / 4 / yes |
* Manual switch (Button) | +/4
| +/4
| -
|
|
* When the controller is equipped with a built-in (MD8.102) or external (MD8.3) control panel.
Discrete inputs of programmable controllers and expansion modules are designed to connect sensors with discrete outputs in the form of a key (relay, open collector, optocoupler triac, etc.) to them. This solution makes it possible to simplify the coordination of programmer inputs with most types of sensors that transmit information about the measured parameter in discrete form.
Discrete inputs are galvanically separated from the circuits of controllers / expansion modules.
The measuring function built into the MC8 / MC12 programmable controllers and the MA8 expansion modules allows the analog signal to be measured depending on the sensor / signal type:
For the correct connection of the sensor to the analog input of the programmable controller or expander, a configurator is provided at each input in the form of a contact group, on which jumpers are installed. The configurator is located under the instrument case cover. The locations and number of jumpers to be installed are determined by the type of sensor and its electrical characteristics. Jumpers are included in the delivery.
Heating and hot water management
Depending on the scale of the task of automating the control of a heating station, it can be implemented:
- Local control of the substation in configurations:
- Standalone controller (MC8 or MC12 based).
- Controller network: Master (MC8 or MC12) - Slave (MC12; MC8, MA8).
- Local or remote control lighting control in configurations:
- Single controller (MC8 or MC12)
- Controller network: Master (MC8 or MC12) - Slave (MC12; MC8, MA8)
To organize stationary local control of heating and hot water systems, special control panels equipped with indicators, control buttons and a liquid crystal display can be used:
- MD8.102 - built-in, is installed on the case of the MC8 / MC12 programmable controller.
- MD8.3 - external, usually installed on the door of the automation cabinet
The most convenient organization of local control of heating and hot water systems can be implemented on the basis of an external operator panel. We recommend external WEINTEK consoles for installation.
If adjustments to the algorithms are rarely made, and the maintenance specialists are few in number, then the use of external control panels can be completely abandoned. Their role can be played by a wearable laptop, tablet or smartphone connected to the controller directly at the location of the heating point via an access point or via a wired interface (USB, Ethernet, RS232). There are special submodules to provide this possibility.
Dispatching, or remote access to an object, can be organized both on the basis of wired solutions (Ehternet, Internet), and on the basis of wireless radio technologies, for example, via a GSM modem.
The MC8 / MC12 programmable controllers, in accordance with a predetermined list of critical parameters and events, transmit the corresponding data to the supervisory system and / or store them in their internal memory.
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Controllers for heating and hot water systems: application schemes and development trends
The word "controller" in translation from English means "regulator" or "control device". According to control theory, this is a device that monitors and controls engineering systems and generates control signals for them. Regulators monitor changes in parameters in the engineering systems of the facility and react to this change using a set of control algorithms and appropriate settings.
In Ukraine, 10-15 years ago, such devices were used, for the most part, in heat points and occasionally in boiler houses. Their functions were limited, that is, they were reduced, for example, to control one mixing valve or a separate element of the system. In this case, the switching on / off of boilers or pumps was carried out manually. And the circuits themselves were chosen for those algorithms of the controller's operation that could not fully cover all systems of a heat point or boiler room. Therefore, different parts of the system were controlled by separate controllers - control of heating, DHW, pumps, signaling of faults or alarms, etc. All control devices were placed in sufficiently large control cabinets.
By now, the situation has changed dramatically. Now the specialist has the opportunity to create almost any control scheme in which the controller can be applied. The amount of software can be quite large, since modern devices allow virtually unlimited amounts of information to be stored in memory. The speed of data processing has also been significantly increased.
The so-called "stand alone" controllers are widely used. preprogrammed controllers. These devices are designed to control individual heating points for district heating or decentralized systems. In modern models of controllers, there are no longer one or two control schemes, as before, but 20 or more. And they can simultaneously control boilers using different types of fuel, heat pumps, solar systems, hot water boilers, storage tanks, etc.
Such devices are supplied to the Ukrainian market by various companies, for example, Danfoss (Denmark), Kromschröder (Germany), Honeywell (USA).
The required boiler temperature is calculated by the controller based on the heat demand from the controlled heating and DHW circuits. Each device can work independently or in a local network, in which there can be several controllers at the same time. All parameters as well as time programs are preset for each control circuit and can be individually adapted to the heating system and the user's requirements.
For example, Smile (Honeywell) controllers (Fig. 1) contain about 20 programs that allow them to be used for 30–40 circuits. The devices can be used locally (with each single controller controlling one or three heating circuits), as well as combined into one system (up to five devices). The controllers have three free inputs and two free outputs for additional control functions. Heating system variations are set at the stage of putting the system into operation.
Figure: 1. Smile controller
Changes to operating parameters allow you to achieve a certain level of flexibility in the management of heating systems. Although these controllers have rigid algorithms of work, they can be adapted to a specific scheme. Let's say the controller controls a mixing circuit consisting of a valve, a pump and two sensors on the flow and return pipelines. When changing certain parameters responsible for the mixing valve, it is possible to connect a circulation pump of the hot water supply system to the controller, place the temperature sensors in the heat exchanger - and the controller no longer controls the heating system circuit, but completely controls the operation of the DHW system. That is, the same output can be used for different circuit components. This flexibility is relevant when reconstructing rooms with additional heating circuits, for example, partial replacement of radiator heating with a "warm floor" or expanding the DHW system. In this case, one controller will also control the “warm floor” system, radiator heating, a boiler and a hot water supply system.
It is possible to connect remote modules with indoor temperature sensors. The plug-in modules have a knob for changing the settings and a switch for “Economy / Scheduled / Comfort” modes, a digital display, and duplicate the controller settings buttons, providing full access and remote control mode. Individual control of a separate heating circuit from one room is possible. To do this, a wall module of a suitable model must be built into the heating system.
Technical characteristics of Smile controllers: power consumption - 5.8 VA, operate from a household AC network. Degree of protection IP 30. Dimensions (W × H × D) - 144 × 96 × 75 mm. The housing is made of anti-static ABS plastic. The maximum bus length is 100 m. The device is wall-mounted using terminal boxes.
Modern controllers are suitable both for creating weather-dependent systems for regulating the temperature of the heat carrier flow (for example, radiator, convector), and for systems where it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature of the heat carrier (for example, systems of the "warm floor" type, or for swimming pools) through mixing circuits, including heliosystems.
Using several "stand alone" controllers, it is possible to create a sufficiently large and complex control system, suitable even for a large public building.
In individual construction, controllers allow you to organize systems in which it is possible to use various heat generators, including those using alternative energy sources.
It is almost impossible to create such systems without controllers. After all, all their components have different algorithms and operating modes. It is advisable to turn on the electric boiler at night, when the electricity tariff is cheaper (with multi-tariff metering). Or use a heat pump at the same time. In the daytime, the solar collectors are switched on, and at peak loads on the hot water supply in the morning and in the evening, you cannot do without a gas boiler. Accordingly, it is possible to turn off the electric boiler in the daytime. At the same time, all heat sources operate on a storage tank, the temperature in which must also be controlled and, in accordance with it, the operation of the entire system must be balanced. In this case, a work schedule is laid down by time of day and days of the week.
Combined schemes
One of the most relevant is the use in one system together of gas and electric boilers or a gas boiler and a solid fuel boiler (the first - as the main, the second - additional) (Fig. 2).
Figure: 2. Scheme with the combined use of electric and gas boilers: AF, WF1, WF2, VF1, RLF1, SF - temperature sensors (outdoor air, boilers, coolant in the supply and return pipelines, DHW storage tank); MK1 - electrically operated three-way mixing valve; Tmax - surface-mounted thermostat; P1, SLP, ZKP - pumps
Moreover, in the first case, since it is advisable to turn on the electric boiler at night, when the electricity tariff is lower, a timer with a day, weekly schedule and a weekend program is used. In the second case, in the absence of gas, the solid fuel boiler will maintain the operation of the heating and hot water supply systems at the required level. Also, heat sources using various types of fuel make it possible to ensure the reliability of the system under certain other force majeure circumstances.
In this case, the controller provides control of boilers, limiting the maximum temperature at the outlet from the boilers, stepless (smooth) control of a gas boiler with an optimal load on it. It is possible to organize work control taking into account the room temperature and weather correction. Anti-freeze protection, automatic anti-legionella protection and hot water priority are available.
Connecting a heat pump allows you to create systems in which alternative energy is the base for heating water in a buffer tank (Fig. 3).
Figure: 3. Use of a gas boiler, a heat pump and a buffer tank: AF, WF, VF1, KSPF, VE1, SF - temperature sensors for outdoor air, boiler, heating agent in the supply pipeline, at the inlet and outlet of water from the buffer tank, DHW storage tank; KVLF - water temperature sensor; MK1, VA1 - electrically operated three-way valves; P1 - pump of the mixing circuit of the heating system; VA2 - pump for loading the buffer tank from the heat pump
At the same time, the automation will ensure control of the water temperature at the outlet of the heat pump and optimization of the equipment operation processes. In this scheme, the base heat source is the heat pump and the gas boiler covers the peak loads of the system. Greater freedom of choice of fuel can be provided by a scheme using a solid fuel boiler and a solar collector (Fig. 4).
Figure: 4. Scheme with the use of a solid fuel boiler, solar collector and buffer tank: AF, WF1, VF1, VE1, SF, VE2, KSPF, KRLF, KVLF - outside air temperature sensors, boiler, heat carrier in the supply pipeline, at the water outlet from the buffer tank , DHW storage tank, water at the inlet to the DHW tank from the solar collector, at the water inlet to the buffer tank, at the water inlet to the solar collector, water in the solar collector; MK1, MK2, U1 - three-way mixing valves with an electric drive (heating system circuit, to maintain the set temperature at the inlet to the solid fuel boiler, a valve between the buffer tank and the solar collector); P1 - pump of the mixing circuit of the heating system
This ensures that the set temperature at the inlet and outlet from the boiler is maintained, the temperature of the water in the solar collector is monitored, the flow of water entering the solar collector from the DHW tank and the buffer tank is switched. Parallel weather-compensated operation with a mixing heating circuit is possible.
To create large heating systems, it is often necessary to connect boilers in a cascade, which is also handled by controllers (Fig. 5). At the same time, optimal parameters and accounting of operating hours of each heat generator are provided.
Figure: 5. Connecting gas boilers to a cascade: AF, WF1, WF2, VF1, VF2, VF3, SF, RLF1, RLF2 - temperature sensors of the outside air, boiler, heating agent in the supply pipeline, DHW storage tank, water in the return pipeline; MK1, MK2, MK3, R1, R2 - three-way mixing valves with electric drive
In any case, for specific conditions, you can choose the most appropriate scheme, of which dozens of control device manufacturers offer.
Perspective - Universal Controller
Currently, there is a tendency towards more sophisticated air conditioning systems in buildings. Developers of controllers adapt accordingly to this trend.
These devices already allow sending data on the operation of systems via mobile communication or via the Internet. For example, in the United States, touchscreen monitors with the ability to integrate with the operating systems of Android smartphones have become widespread. Thus, it is possible to remotely control the operating parameters of climate systems, which can include not only heating, but also ventilation systems, air conditioning, security and fire systems.
Since different manufacturers have protected their products with different data transfer protocols, controllers have now appeared that allow using all existing protocols (for example, CentraLine (Honeywell)). This is especially true when regulators are installed at modernized facilities.
However, with the increasing complexity of systems, the question arises of creating a kind of universal controller. This is currently the main perspective and challenge for developers. A single controller, depending on the software embedded in it, can be used to control various engineering systems of a building. This is a kind of small computer, for which it is only necessary to install "software" for specific tasks and directly program it for a specific object.
The complexity of the implementation of freely programmable controllers lies primarily in the high cost of software. In addition, the issue of compliance with the level of training of the user, the availability of qualified service personnel and the exclusion of unauthorized interference in the operation of control devices is relevant.
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Controllers for heating and hot water systemsdionabms.ru
Heating and hot water controllers
Main Product catalog OWEN Measuring devices-regulators OWEN Controllers OWEN for heating, hot water supply, ventilation, air conditioning Heating and hot water supply controllers
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The industrial controller ARIES TRM32 is designed to control and regulate the temperature in the heating and hot water supply circuits.
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The industrial controller ARIES TRM32 is designed to control and regulate the temperature in the heating and hot water supply circuits.
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OWEN TRM32 industrial heating and hot water controller is designed to control and regulate temperature in heating and hot water supply circuits.
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Controllers of heating and hot water supply systems TRM132M in combination with primary converters, expansion module MP1 and actuators are designed to control and regulate the temperature in heating and hot water circuits, display the measured temperature and operating modes on the built-in indicator and generate control signals for the built-in output elements and output elements of the module MP1.
OWEN controllers for heating systems are distinguished by their increased reliability and noise immunity. Such modifications of devices as ТРМ32-Щ4 or ТРМ132М are made in housings made of shock-resistant ABS plastic and are able to work effectively even in the most severe industrial conditions. These devices not only regulate the temperature of the heating and DHW circuits, but also protect the system from overstating the temperature of the return water returned to the heating plant.
If you need a reliable and accurate heating control controller, we advise you to pay attention to devices that are produced under the OWEN brand. These devices maintain the set temperature level in the system circuits. Also, heating controllers provide the ability to automatically switch modes, for example, "day-night". The device is characterized by easy programming and intuitive interface.
In addition, heating controllers also have a protective function. They regulate the temperature of the return water returned to the heating plant. In the event of overheating, the heating controllers lower the readings to normal values, thereby protecting the equipment.
Why is it worth buying a DHW controller on our website?
Here you will find controllers for heating systems, differing in:
- the number of inputs-outputs;
- body type;
- interface for configuring data on a PC, etc.
Each DHW controller presented on the site meets international quality and safety standards, as evidenced by the relevant certificates. In addition, we offer each customer:
- Low prices. We sell controllers for heating systems at manufacturer's prices. We also offer various discounts and bonuses.
- Warranty and post-warranty servicing. The specialists of the OvenKomplektAvtomatika company have at least 5 years of experience in working with devices such as controllers for heating systems.
- Delivery throughout Russia. We will bring your heating control controller by courier service in Moscow and the region. We send devices to the regions by mail, express mail and transport companies.
Constant monitoring of the heating system requires a lot of effort and time. However, the emergence of new control devices can significantly simplify this process, and in some cases completely automate it. To do this, you need to install an appropriate controller for heating and boiler control systems.
Purpose of heating controllers
The main purpose of this electronic device is to change the parameters of the control devices connected to it to correct their operation. The simplest example of such an elementary control element can be considered a system of automatic control protection in gas boilers. But controllers for heating and hot water supply have wide functionality.
They are an electronic unit with the ability to control the main elements of the heating system. For this, it provides the ability to program parameters depending on the data received, from external temperature and pressure sensors. So, a controller for a heating boiler can regulate the operation of the underfloor heating collector or individual thermostats on radiators.
The general characteristics of electronic control units include the following:
- System flexibility. You do not need to reprogram the device to connect to heating components. In most cases, manufacturers provide several operating modes for one connection terminal;
- Possibility to choose a convenient place for the control panel The Honeywell heating controller can be mounted at a distance of up to 100 m from the control element;
- Control over the functioning of not only heating systems, but also hot water supply;
- If there is a GPS unit, it is possible to receive data on the state of heating online and send commands to change its parameters.
The function of connecting the device to a computer is also important. A similar additional module is installed on the Aries heating controller. It is noteworthy that it is not included in the mandatory package.
The controller can be installed on an old gas boiler. To do this, it is enough to change the heating pad to a new modular type.
Heating controller selection
When do you need to install a heating controller? First of all, this device is necessary in case of frequent absences from the house or apartment of residents. By connecting the electronic unit to external temperature sensors (outdoors and indoors) and the boiler control terminals, you can use the built-in software to set up an automatic change in the intensity of the burner operation.
How to choose the optimal controllers for heating systems? The easiest option is to consult a specialist. But at the present time it is difficult to find such, as this product is relatively new. Therefore, it is recommended that you first independently study the main selection parameters:
- When comparing a controller for a heating boiler, make sure that the installed equipment has the ability to connect to the control unit. Most often, the boiler is characterized by one-stage or two-stage external control. This applies only to gas models - matching with solid fuel is impossible;
- The number of components to manage. For a Honeywell heating controller, this value can reach 15, depending on the specific model;
- The presence of a GPS unit. As mentioned above - this function makes it possible to remotely control the heating;
- Frequency of software updates. The modern controller of heating and hot water supply systems TRM 32 can be connected directly to the computer. You can always find the latest software version on the manufacturer's website.
An additional function is to adjust the operation of the components according to the set heating schedule. This possibility is provided in the Aries heating controller. You should also pay attention to the accuracy of measurements. In professional models, this indicator should not exceed ± 0.01 of the scale.
Heating controllers are rarely repaired. But it is still recommended to choose a manufacturer that has service centers in the region of residence.
Overview of popular controller models
Having decided on the required parameters of controllers for heating and hot water supply, you can start analyzing the proposed products. Despite the large assortment, the market is oversaturated with low-quality models. Their actual parameters do not correspond to the declared ones, which subsequently leads to incorrect operation of the heating. Let's take a look at some really popular and reliable examples of heating controllers.
Honeywell
Among the entire product range of the company, the Smile SDC7-21N model occupies a special place. In addition to an affordable price, it is characterized by optimal functionality, which is important for controllers of heating systems.
It is important for the consumer to know the characteristics of the electronic device. It should be noted right away that for optimal operation of the Honeywell controller in the heating system, you will need to purchase additional modules - terminal blocks for connecting system components, a set of temperature sensors, a 3-way mixing valve and actuator. After assembling the controller, it will be possible to control heating and hot water supply according to the following parameters:
- Possibility of regulating the operation of the boiler burner with two-stage control;
- Simultaneous control of 2 cascade boilers. But this will require installing an additional temperature sensor at the outlet of the second;
- The controller for the heating system can regulate the direct and mixing circuits depending on the outside and room temperature;
- DHW pump control;
- Possibility of setting a 7-day heating control program.
In the minimum configuration, it will only work as a controller for a heating boiler. But this will not prevent you from purchasing additional modules and upgrading the system over time. The cost of a complete set is about 45 thousand rubles.
It is best to purchase a complete set of equipment, as all of its components are guaranteed to work properly when connected to each other.
Aries TRM 32
If you need to choose an option at a more affordable price, it is recommended to pay attention to the heating controller Aries TRM 32. This domestic product is in no way inferior to foreign counterparts in its functionality. It is noteworthy that with its help it is possible to control not only heating, but also hot water supply by several parameters.
It should be warned right away that the TPM 32 controller unit for heating and hot water supply systems is more massive than a similar Honeywell. Therefore, you need to think about the place of its installation in advance. In addition to it, the manufacturer offers a remote panel.
As for the functionality, in addition to the standard features, the following features of the controller for heating and hot water supply of this type should be noted:
- Automatic maintenance of the water temperature in the DHW circuit;
- Using PID controllers, high accuracy of the coolant temperature is ensured;
- Built-in heating protection against water reverse movement;
- Day / night mode. This function is especially relevant for two-tariff electricity meters.
But the most interesting for the consumer is the cost of the controller for heating Aries. The price of the base model without additional equipment is 8-10 thousand rubles.
Can I install a controller for heating and boiler control systems myself? Despite the apparent complexity, the instructions for each model describe in detail to which terminals the heating components should be connected. If you carefully study the technical documentation of the controller and the boiler, you can install the automation yourself.
Controllers of heating and hot water supply systems TRM132M in combination with primary converters and actuators are designed to control and regulate the temperature in the heating and hot water circuits, display the measured temperature and operating modes on the built-in indicator and generate control signals for the built-in output elements and output elements of the MP1 module.
TPM132M controller capabilities
- Built-in real time clock
- Automatic tuning of PID controllers
- Automatic selection of modes (heating / reverse / summer)
- The ability to change the firmware (using the TPM133M flashing kit)
Functionality ARIES TRM132M
- Automatic regulation of the temperature in the DHW circuit in accordance with the preset setpoint
- Automatic temperature control in the heating circuit according to the schedule from T-outside air and T-direct water
- Development of the return water temperature graph depending on T-outside air and T-flow water (protection against over and understatement of the return water temperature)
- Control of the main and standby pump in both circuits
- Overtemperature protection in the DHW circuit
- Controlling the refill pump in the heating circuit
- Possibility of using a third pump in each circuit (emergency)
- Generation of control signals for external actuators and devices in the DHW circuit: shut-off and control valve, main and backup pumps, drain valve (optional); alarm devices
- Generation of control signals for external actuators and devices in the heating circuit: shut-off and control valve, main and backup pumps, feed pump, alarm devices
- Diagnostics of emergency situations (breakage of temperature sensors and position sensors, pump malfunction)
- Setting the values \u200b\u200bof programmable operating parameters using the built-in control keyboard, as well as from a PC via RS-485 and RS-232 networks
- Support of exchange protocols: ARIES, Modbus-RTU and Modbus-ASCI
Comparison of devices for controlling heating and hot water systems
 |  |
|
| For heating and domestic hot water systems with 3-position (220 V 50 Hz) control valves.
| For heating and hot water systems with control valves with 3-position (220 V 50 Hz) or analog (0 ... 10 V, 4 ... 20 mA) control.
| For single-circuit (one heating system / one DHW system / one "warm floor" circuit) or double-circuit (two CO, or two DHW, or CO and DHW, etc.) systems.
|
Figure: 1. Smile controller
Changes to operating parameters allow you to achieve a certain level of flexibility in the control of heating systems. Although these controllers have rigid operating algorithms, they can be adapted to a specific scheme. Let's say the controller controls a mixing circuit consisting of a valve, a pump and two sensors on the supply and return pipelines. When you change certain parameters responsible for the mixing valve, you can connect a circulation pump of the hot water supply system to the controller, place the temperature sensors in the heat exchanger - and the controller no longer controls the heating system circuit, but completely controls the operation of the DHW system. That is, the same output can be used for different circuit components. This flexibility is relevant when reconstructing rooms with additional heating circuits, for example, partial replacement of radiator heating with a "warm floor" or expanding the DHW system. In this case, one controller will also control the "warm floor" system, radiator heating, a boiler and a hot water supply system.
It is possible to connect remote modules with indoor temperature sensors. The plug-in modules have a knob for changing the settings and a switch for “Economy / Scheduled / Comfort” modes, a digital display, and duplicate the controller settings buttons, providing full access and remote control mode. Individual control of a separate heating circuit from one room is possible. To do this, a wall module of a suitable model must be built into the heating system.
Technical characteristics of Smile controllers: power consumption - 5.8 VA, operate from a household AC network. Degree of protection IP 30. Dimensions (W × H × D) - 144 × 96 × 75 mm. The housing is made of anti-static ABS plastic. The maximum bus length is 100 m. The device is wall-mounted using terminal boxes.
Modern controllers are suitable both for creating weather-dependent systems for regulating the temperature of the heat carrier flow (for example, radiator, convector), and for systems where it is necessary to maintain a constant temperature of the heat carrier (for example, systems of the "warm floor" type, or for swimming pools) through mixing circuits, including heliosystems.
Using several "stand alone" controllers, it is possible to create a sufficiently large and complex control system, suitable even for a large public building.
In individual construction, controllers allow you to organize systems in which it is possible to use various heat generators, including those using alternative energy sources.
It is almost impossible to create such systems without controllers. After all, all their components have different algorithms and operating modes. It is advisable to turn on the electric boiler at night, when the electricity tariff is cheaper (with multi-tariff metering). Or use a heat pump at the same time. In the daytime, the solar collectors are switched on, and at peak loads on the hot water supply in the morning and in the evening, you cannot do without a gas boiler. Accordingly, it is possible to turn off the electric boiler in the daytime. At the same time, all heat sources operate on a storage tank, the temperature in which must also be controlled and, in accordance with it, the operation of the entire system must be balanced. In this case, a work schedule is laid down by time of day and days of the week.
Combined schemes
One of the most relevant is the use in one system of gas and electric boilers or a gas boiler and a solid fuel boiler (the first as the main one, the second as an additional one) (Fig. 2).
Figure: 2. Scheme with the combined use of electric and gas boilers:
AF, WF1, WF2, VF1, RLF1, SF - temperature sensors (outdoor air, boilers, heat carrier in the supply and return pipelines, hot water storage tank); MK1 - electrically operated three-way mixing valve; Tmax - surface-mounted thermostat; P1, SLP, ZKP - pumps
Moreover, in the first case, since it is advisable to turn on the electric boiler at night, when the electricity tariff is lower, a timer with a day, weekly schedule and a weekend program is used. In the second case, in the absence of gas, the solid fuel boiler will maintain the operation of the heating and hot water supply systems at the required level. Also, heat sources using various types of fuel make it possible to ensure the reliability of the system under certain other force majeure circumstances.
In this case, the controller provides control of boilers, limiting the maximum temperature at the outlet from the boilers, stepless (smooth) control of a gas boiler with an optimal load on it. It is possible to organize work control taking into account the room temperature and weather correction. Anti-freeze protection, automatic anti-legionella protection and hot water priority are available.
Connecting a heat pump allows you to create systems in which alternative energy is the base for heating water in a buffer tank (Fig. 3).
Figure: 3. Using a gas boiler, heat pump and buffer tank:
AF, WF, VF1, KSPF, VE1, SF - sensors for the temperature of the outside air, boiler, heating agent in the supply pipeline, at the inlet and outlet of water from the buffer tank, DHW storage tank; KVLF - water temperature sensor; MK1, VA1 - three-way valves with electric drive; P1 - pump of the mixing circuit of the heating system; VA2 - pump for loading the buffer tank from the heat pump
At the same time, the automation will ensure control of the water temperature at the outlet of the heat pump and optimization of the equipment operation processes. In this scheme, the base heat source is the heat pump and the gas boiler covers the peak loads of the system. Greater freedom of choice of fuel can be provided by a scheme using a solid fuel boiler and a solar collector (Fig. 4).
Figure: 4. Scheme using a solid fuel boiler, solar collector and buffer tank:
AF, WF1, VF1, VE1, SF, VE2, KSPF, KRLF, KVLF - sensors for the temperature of the outside air, boiler, coolant in the supply pipeline, at the water outlet from the buffer tank, DHW tank, water at the inlet to the DHW tank from the solar collector, at the water inlet to the buffer tank, at the water inlet to the solar collector, water in the solar collector; MK1, MK2, U1 - three-way mixing valves with an electric drive (heating circuit, to maintain the set temperature at the inlet to the solid fuel boiler, a valve between the buffer tank and the solar collector); P1 - pump of the mixing circuit of the heating system
This ensures that the set temperature at the inlet and outlet from the boiler is maintained, the temperature of the water in the solar collector is monitored, the flow of water entering the solar collector from the DHW tank and the buffer tank is switched. Parallel weather-compensated operation with a mixing heating circuit is possible.
To create large heating systems, it is often necessary to connect boilers in a cascade, which is also handled by controllers (Fig. 5). At the same time, optimal parameters and accounting of operating hours of each heat generator are provided.
Figure: 5. Connecting gas boilers to a cascade:
AF, WF1, WF2, VF1, VF2, VF3, SF, RLF1, RLF2 - temperature sensors for the outside air, boiler, coolant in the supply pipeline, DHW storage tank, water in the return pipeline; MK1, MK2, MK3, R1, R2 - three-way mixing valves with electric drive
In any case, for specific conditions, you can choose the most appropriate scheme, of which dozens of control device manufacturers offer.
Perspective - Universal Controller
Currently, there is a tendency towards more sophisticated air conditioning systems in buildings. Developers of controllers adapt accordingly to this trend.
These devices already allow sending data on the operation of systems via mobile communication or via the Internet. For example, in the United States, touchscreen monitors with the ability to integrate with the operating systems of Android smartphones have become widespread. Thus, it is possible to remotely control the operating parameters of climate systems, which can include not only heating, but also ventilation systems, air conditioning, security and fire systems.
Since different manufacturers have protected their products with different data transfer protocols, controllers have now appeared that allow using all existing protocols (for example, CentraLine (Honeywell)). This is especially true when regulators are installed at modernized facilities.
However, with the increasing complexity of systems, the question arises of creating a kind of universal controller. This is currently the main perspective and challenge for developers. A single controller, depending on the software embedded in it, can be used to control various engineering systems of a building. This is a kind of small computer, for which it is only necessary to install "software" for specific tasks and directly program it for a specific object.
The complexity of the implementation of freely programmable controllers lies primarily in the high cost of software. In addition, the issue of compliance with the level of training of the user, the availability of qualified service personnel and the exclusion of unauthorized interference in the operation of control devices is relevant.
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