Casting columns made of concrete. Columns from concrete

Concrete supporting structures are used in construction to provide vertical stiffness buildings. They transmit all the burden of construction to the ground and are a very important element in construction.

There are several varieties of such structures. Each view has a certain lifting capacity, flexibility coefficient, dignity and disadvantages. Usually, columns are used in the construction of multi-storey houses, strengthening balconies and terraces. Designs can be performed original and attached to the building a richer, interesting appearance. Also, concrete columns may have a round, square or rectangular shape.

Varieties of concrete structures

There are monolithic and prefabricated concrete columns. Prefabricated designs attract their value and speed of assembly, it is due to the fact that the blocks are manufactured at the factories, they are delivered to the construction site and only after that they are collected. Fill right at the construction site, which means that it will have to spend a lot of time to wait for the drying of the mixture. Also for monolithic structures it is necessary to prepare a high-quality frame and formwork in advance.

The advantages of concrete columns

Concrete columns have high strength. Such designs are durable, fire-resistant and perfectly copble with atmospheric influences. Thanks to the prevalence of materials, the price is sufficiently low.

Disadvantages of concrete columns

Despite the large number of advantages, there are also disadvantages.
If the calculations of the alleged load were performed with errors, then there are cracks on the design and even its destruction.

Choosing a concrete column type

When choosing a type of concrete columns, several important factors should be taken into account. To such factors can be attributed:

• climate type;
• features of the soil at the construction site;
• the estimated level of load on the design;
• floor and size of the building.

To select the design, it is recommended to contact several consultation professionals. The calculation of the concrete column is better to produce together with professionals in construction companies, since, producing calculations independently, you can allow serious errors. If there is no opportunity to ask for help in a construction company, then calculations can be made online. Remember that this is a very important and responsible stage of construction. The strength and reliability of the reinforced concrete structure and the entire building as a whole depends on the correctness of the choice and calculations.

When calculating the concrete column, it is necessary to consider:

• Type of column.
• Number I.
• The estimated load (it is worth noting that the weight of the column itself is also taken into account in this indicator).
• The quality and class of concrete.
• Column size.

Concrete column design and fill process

To collect prefabricated concrete structures, you will need technique and workforce, it will not take much time, so we will not consider such a process.

It is much more difficult to pour monolithic concrete columns. Installation has to be carried out at the construction site.

After selecting a monolithic type of construction and the calculation of the required amount of material, you should proceed to the preparation of the process of fill the columns. It is necessary to choose such a metal for reinforcement, which has durability and weldability. Also, he must have a good clutch with concrete.

Before proceeding with the formwork assembly, you need to clean the space around. Formwork is desirable to do in the form of a cylinder, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the future column. The earth is covered around the cylinder, and the concrete mixture is poured inside. The frame of the columns should be mounted from durable, thick must be as long as possible and fastened with wire to rods protruding from a predetermined foundation. When the frame is fully assembled, the fitting with a sheet of galvanized steel should be wrapped. Galvanized steel must be fixed as best as possible, because At the time of the fill, a large load on them is supposed. After preparing the design, you can start the pouring of the concrete mixture, to the choice of which it is also necessary to take full responsibility. Pouring should be made equal layers. The solution must be periodically tamped so that air bubbles appear in the design. If necessary, you should correct the formwork and frame from the reinforcement.

After the fill of the concrete structure, it is necessary to make a dismantling of the formwork. Dismantling should be started only after the complete pouring of the concrete mix when the design fully acquires the necessary characteristics. Dismantling is not a light process, so it is desirable to entrust it to specialists who know in which sequence should disassemble the design of the formwork. It is important in the dismantling process not to damage the column and keep it in integrity, so before starting it is necessary to make sure that concrete strength.

Features of the installation of reinforced concrete structures

Installation of columns is a very time-consuming process and it is difficult to cope with it yourself, so we recommend to seek help from builders to specialists.

If desired, this design can be replaced with a small wall made of bricks. You can do this wall yourself, and it will cost it cheaper. The disadvantage of it is that it will not endure too much load.

Also do not forget about the supporting structures in the center of the building, since they are a very important element of the design. Installation of such supports is almost no different from the installation of supports located along the edges of the structure. The only difference is that the reinforcements must be used with a metal cross section.

Replacing concrete columns

Depending on the purpose of using columns, they can be replaced with the following materials:

• Square steel pipes (can be used in the construction of a one-storey or two-storey house, at the corners of the structure).
• Brick collens (undesirable to use if a large load is planned, since the material is less durable and may not withstand the severity of the design).
• Wooden structures that can be performed from a bar or logged (it is possible to use in facilities, similar to a veranda, gazebo).

For almost all these designs, as well as for mounting concrete slabs, it is necessary to use and attract several specialists.

It is worth noting that the process of filling the columns by a concrete mixture is very time-consuming, which means that it is difficult to perform it with their own hands. It requires great responsibility, skills and skills to work with these materials. In the process of concreting, it is necessary to comply with many rules that were listed above.

When pouring columns concrete at the beginning, work in reinforcement is made.

We establish reinforcement rods, with a diameter of 12mmm in the form of a square (at the corners). These rods are installed vertically, they are also called the rods of the columns. For the convenience of mounting the reinforcement frame every 2 of the height, dysmots with fences are installed.

Mounting the framework is carried out in several ways.

With relatively small masses and dimensions of the future column, the frame can be renob to the formwork body. If the frame is obtained heavy (this is possible when using reinforcement with a diameter of 16mm), then it is more effective to collect separately the base, but to fasten it already at the place of the fill. When you carry out dressings or welding on the welded rods, it is prohibited. When welding it is convenient to use a portable welding machine. Select the welding inverter can be. It can be welded with each other with a wire, at a distance of 40-50cm. For such purposes, you can use a special gun for a ligament of fittings.

Install formwork.

For a start we collect the formwork body. Special attention should be paid to its attachment. Fitting is fixed when installing all Parties to the future column (with a typical column - from four).

Mount the struts from the tree on each side of the future column. If the column is high, then a slightly different method is used. The box of the box is mounted on three sides, and the last increase already directly during concreting. When installing, the box is exhibited by level and fastened with screws. Occasions are mounted on the sides to withstand a straight angle of 90 degrees.

Concreting process.

One of the most important parameter when pouring concrete columns is the mobility of the concrete mix. Under mobility implies the possibility of concrete to be distributed under pressure of its mass. To measure mobility applies cone for concrete. It is filled with concrete layers. After that, it is raised and the mixture is settled under its weight. As far as the cone is worse, such mobility can be assigned mobility. There are movable and rigid concrete mixes. Mobility is marked with the letter "P" and a number from 1 to 5.

When pouring columns, concrete P2 or P3 is used. And with a large number of fittings - p4 or p5 (cast concrete). It is perfect for pouring to formwork, without using a deep vibrator with a flexible shaft. As the fill, mobility increases.

The fill is made using a concrete pump or or how it is also called the bell. For this, a tray is removed from the baff, and a funnel is installed in his place. On her clamps install a tarp sleeve for pouring concrete. And his free end put on a formwork.

Pouring is carried out in layers. Layers go horizontally and STRICTLY in one direction. As they fill, the mixture must be thoroughly sealed, removing the surplus of air from the mixture. To do this, the mixture is uniformly throughout the volume with the help of a metal rod. After that, you need to walk the vibrator. Be sure to follow it to be grounded.

If there is no possibility with a flexible shaft, then you can periodically tapping formwork with a hammer or rubber xyiyan. In the process, be sure to make sure that the formwork does not "leave anywhere", and the frame of the reinforcement has always remained strictly in the center.

The composition of the concrete mixture: 1 piece of cement M400, 2 parts of sand, 4 pieces of gravel or crushed stone (size from 20mm), and water. The amount of water is taken at the calculation of the production of homogeneous mass. When the column is filled, the fittings are attached to it with anchors.

Remove the formwork.

When concrete drops full strength formwork remove. Usually the complete strength of concrete mixes is achieved in a period of 20 to 25 calendar days, subject to optimal solid conditions.

Concreting columns

The column is a carrier engineering structure, which also performs decorative purposes. At this time, the columns to ensure the vertical rigidity of the building can be made of metal or reinforced concrete.

In turn, reinforced concrete structures were obtained the greatest distribution in connection with various kinds of advantages. For this reason, in the manufacture of columns with your own hands, the most preference is given to products from concrete. About how concreting columns is made and will be described below.

Concreting columns

It should be immediately said that the manufacture of concrete columns with their own hands the process of considerably and costly, both in the physical plane and financially. Before starting to make the progress of the columns, it is necessary to maximize the appropriate technology, watch the video on the Internet and prepare the instrument you need for this work.

Then it will be necessary to decide on the form of the future column, since it can be: round, rectangular, or square. From the tools, for the manufacture of columns, first you will need:

1. Building level;
2. Plumb;
3. Hammer and tree hacksaw;
4. Bulgarian;
5. Roulette;
6. Concrete mixer;
7. Shovels and other devices for working with a solution.

From materials will be needed:

1. Plaques for making formwork;
2. Armature (12mm) or metal mesh;
3. Knitting wire;
4. Anchor bolts;
5. Clamps.

Construction of the column with their own hands is divided into such steps - reinforcement, installation of formwork and concreting of the collected design. Consider each of the above steps in order.

Pouring concrete columns with their own hands

For reinforcement, the concrete columns are used for not less than 12 mm. Even before the start of the formwork assembly, the metal frame of the square is assembled, consisting of four major rods in the corners. If the column will have a height of more than 3 meters, then special deficiencies are made every two meters.

When the column has a small height, the metal frame can be installed in a pre-assembled form, immediately in the formwork, after installation. Armature is bonded with each other or knitted wire or special clamps intended for these purposes.

The formwork for concreting columns is usually collected from the boards, according to pre-extinted internal sizes. It should take into account the larger on the formwork when filling with concrete, so it is necessary to link the boards when it is required very carefully.

Mandatory from the side of the collected formwork, before the fill with its concrete solution, there should be sloping supports. If the column will have a greater height, then its extension is made during the fill with concrete, and also with the mandatory installation of the sloping spacers.

Concrete for filling columns is not used as such as, for example, during the construction of a monolithic foundation. Its main parameter in this case is mobility. For most columns, a concrete solution is used with mobility of P2, and when the fill of the hustly marked, concrete is used with mobility not less than P4.

An important process in concreting columns is the tamper of a concrete mix, which is made by such specialized equipment as deep and external pumps. In the manufacture of the same concrete columns with their own hands, get rid of air traffic jams in the concrete allows the clutch of the walls of the formwork with a hammer.

In the process of concreting columns, all the time it is necessary to ensure that it is not shifted whether the metal frame inside the installed formwork. If necessary, it is necessary to adjust its location strictly vertically and on its center.

Concrete for pouring the columns with their own hands consists of cement of the brand is not lower than M400, sand and gravel. If we talk about its proportions, they look as follows - on 1 part of the cement, 1 part of the sand is required and 4 pieces of gravel.

samastroyka.ru.

How to make columns from concrete with their own hands?

The columns in the structure of the structure are performed as adorning function, soak and actual - they are considered the principal carrier component of the structure. And since according to the default it is expected that the supports will become chibically loaded, then naturally they are obliged to exist in maximum coordination with all existing generally accepted measurements and rules. In this note, we tell about how concrete columns are rightfully flooded, as if it is not recommended to work here and that it is categorically not recommended. This system is divided, before that, on these main groups: Round; Rectangular;

Square. So, as the installation of finished products, we will not look at the installation, but about the device of monolithic supports will be negligent, then it is worth navigating in claims to such supports. And naturally, so that the manufacture of concrete columns has passed well, it is necessary to take into account all concomitant reasons: floors object on which supports are installed; The purpose of the object - as it is directly dependent on the degree of coming overload on the columns; Type of soil at the facility; The climatic individuality of the region on which construction is held. We recommend: in order to make a true benign reinforced concrete support, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the information that keeps in the gosts of the column in the structure system performs as an adorning function, a person and actual - they are considered the principal carrier component of the structure. And since according to the default it is expected that the supports will become chibically loaded, then naturally they are obliged to exist in maximum coordination with all existing generally accepted measurements and rules. In this note, we tell about how concrete columns are rightfully flooded, as if it is not recommended to work here and that it is categorically not recommended. This system is divided, before that, on these main groups: Round; Rectangular;

Square. So, as the installation of finished products, we will not look at the installation, but about the device of monolithic supports will be negligent, then it is worth navigating in claims to such supports. And naturally, so that the manufacture of concrete columns has passed well, it is necessary to take into account all concomitant reasons: floors object on which supports are installed; The purpose of the object - as it is directly dependent on the degree of coming overload on the columns; Type of soil at the facility; The climatic individuality of the region on which construction is held. We recommend: in order to make a true benign support from reinforced concrete, it is worth familiar with the information that keeps in Gostakh. These documents allowed to find general information about the proper production of the progress and columns in particular. In principle, with an overview of the products, we finished, you can run specifically to their production and fill. Finally, a short step-by-step abstract on the installation of supports for buildings. To start this than to start, it is worth noting one of the fundamental moment - to look at we will become the most common assembly method, which can be safely embodied without the help of others. During the construction of a personal building, for example. Publish a review on independent pouring posts for the construction of the plant does not matter, agree. At a minimum, because everything is equally alone to cope with such an object will not work - you will have to lure a lot of highly qualified professionals, which themselves understand how similar challenges are performed. 33009-78, 18979-90, 25628-90 and 23899-79. These documents allowed to find general information about the proper production of the progress and columns in particular. In principle, with an overview of the products, we finished, you can run specifically to their production and fill. Finally, a short step-by-step abstract on the installation of supports for buildings. To start this than to start, it is worth noting one of the fundamental moment - to look at we will become the most common assembly method, which can be safely embodied without the help of others. During the construction of a personal building, for example.

Publish a review on independent pouring posts for the construction of the plant does not matter, agree. At a minimum, because everything is equally alone to cope with such an object will not work - you will have to lure a lot of highly qualified professionals, which they themselves understand how similar challenges are performed.

rusbetonplus.ru.

Filling form columns: Independent manufacture and installation

The columns are increasingly used in the architecture of facades and interiors. This is not only a beautiful decorative element, it is also a practical utilitarian fragment of the design.

It allows you to maintain overlaps or beams, while not taking a lot of useful area of \u200b\u200bthe lower floor.

The column can be purchased ready, but more convenient and cheaper to make it with your own hands. The easiest way to lay out of the brick, but much stronger and more reliable monolith, and for its manufacture you will have to make a formwork.

By way of use, they are non-removable, disposable and reusable. They are made of metal, wood, plastic, and even cardboard.

• Metal. Usually reusable. These are comfortable ready-made shields that are easily and quickly collectable, provide the correct geometry, quickly dismantled.
• Wooden. Usually homemade, reusable. Rent from boards and bars. Cheaper, but with their help it is more difficult to provide the correct shape, especially different from the rectangle.
• Plastic. Round forms are usually made. You can purchase ready-made, and you can make a formwork from plastic pipes of a suitable diameter.
• Cardboard. Made from dense, impregnated with special cardboard adhesives. The form is only cylindrical, such formworks are exceptionally disposable.

Finished formworks are offered by many manufacturers, together with them can be made independently, if we consider some features of this constructive.

Features

The column has a small width and thickness, but often has a significantly height. This determines sufficiently specific loads on the form.

The formwork is experiencing significant pressure at the bottom and very small in the top.

The elongation of the shape in the height makes the design very unstable, it can easily fall, so the formwork requires several backups.

Also, the form must have rigidity so as not to work out, do not bend under the weight of concrete.

It is assumed that the column will work on squeezing, so it is extremely important to avoid the degenerations of the structure. If the form arches the arc, then the support performed in it when the load can easily crack. The column is very poorly withstanding the bending load.

It is very important to clearly withstand the vertical level. Even a small waste from the vertical generates the imbalance of loads that can lead to breakage of the entire structure.

1. Initially, the size of the future columns is determined.
2. Boards are prepared, which will perform the role of forming surfaces - they are customized by the size of the pillars, itching from the other side that will be in contact with concrete.
3. The boards are nailed crossing - small bars that will serve ribbies.
4. Separate boards with bars are knocked in the column forms. Especially tight need to connect the part that will be at the bottom of the column.

Then the framework of the reinforcement is made with their own hands.

Since the pillars are square, then the vertical rods are most convenient to take four, bandaging short cross-wires from a soft wire.

5. The valve is inserted into the form and the entire design is installed at the installation site of the column.

In order for the boards to be easier to be easier to be easier, they can be attached to the oil from the inside. To assemble the form, you need to choose smooth boards so that the poles do not have bends, curvature.

It is worth remembering that it is a disposable formwork for the columns, after hardening the concrete, the cardboard will have to pull off it, like wallpaper from the wall.

The easiest way to make a formwork in the mesh framework. Initially, a steel grid with square cells is taken, not prone to stretching.

It turns into the cylinder of the desired diameter, reliably fastens in this position with wire or welding.

Then the folded cardboard is placed inside, which is placed on the laying and rests on the grid. Finding the sheets of cardboard for 2-3 meter pillars is not easy, so you have to use several sheets, bonding them between the bracket with a sticky ribbon.

The design is obtained very unstable, so the supports made of wood are required.

This disposable formwork is suitable for round columns, rectangular or square pouring will not work.

You can make a non-removable formwork from polystyrene foam.

This option is used in facade works, it allows you to get very smooth surfaces, monotonous with insulated foam walls.

However, this non-removable formwork is low-term, so it also requires a supporting frame.

Steel grid will cost 20-25 rubles per square meter, tight cardboard - 200-250 rubles per roll. Polyfoam will cost 1000-1200 rubles per cubic meter.

See our video selection:

profFu.ru.

Formwork columns: types and solutions

Today, round columns from concrete are very often used in construction, which serve as supports of large terraces, small balconies and upper floors. In order to build a column, it is necessary first of all to build a formwork, plastic, cardboard, etc., in which the concrete solution will be poured. This design may be multiple or disposable. Each of them possesses its advantages and disadvantages. About them and how to make a frame for the column with your own hands and will be discussed below.

Reusing formwork is a framework that can use a large number of times. This design is usually collected directly at the construction site and pour into it a concrete mix. After the concrete solution snacks a bit, the formwork is removed and applied in other works. The disadvantage of such a design is that round columns can be out of all, since often the height of the frame does not coincide with the desired height of the finished design. In this case, the formwork has to wear several times.

It makes no sense to buy your own reusable design, since at home it will be used very rarely. It is best to lease it. The cost of a reusable frame will depend on many factors. Among them is the material manufacturing material, the cost of its proper savings, care and transportation to the construction site. In addition, it is necessary to calculate the costs of mechanisms by which the formwork will rise.

The formwork of round columns that can be used several times is divided into several types:

ballery;

steel;

plastic.

The beam design allows you to create columns of almost any height. It can also be used for the construction of bridges, walls and any vertical structures, even very large. The beam frame is going to be like a constructor, after which it is strengthened with struts. Steel formwork is also very good for round columns, but after each use, it needs lubrication with special mixtures. Considering the fact that the frame of steel has a fairly large weight, it is possible to work with it only with the help of special lifting equipment.

Plastic formwork for columns (see photo) is not so hard as the previous one, but not so reliable. It is recommended to use it carefully not to damage the material. Separate elements from plastic are combined with small details, which should be done very carefully, because otherwise, under the pressure of the solution, the design can simply fall apart. The advantage of this frame is its small price.

Application of a non-removable design

A non-removable formwork for the columns is used today not so often, because it requires a special approach. To create it, a solution of cement, sand and water is prepared, which is passed through a special machine, from where the finished frames of the necessary form are published. Such products have thin, but at the same time very durable walls. This becomes possible due to the seal of the mixture and displacing almost the entire liquid from it. As a result, the frames become not only very durable, but also resistant to excessive humidity, frost and severe temperature drops.

Construction at once

The cheapest and practical today is the formwork for a disposable column, manufactured from cardboard. It represents the cardboard connected on the spiral, which is processed by a mixture, repulsive water (see photo). Inside the formwork, there may be a coating of a polyethylene film. A cardboard design for creating round columns may have a diameter of 25 centimeters to 1.1 meters, and its length is usually about 11 meters. Depending on the diameter and the height of the frame, the thickness of its walls can change.

Cardboard formwork for columns is very easy to install. For its installation, additional technique and tools will not need. Thanks to this, all work can be easily accomplished with your own hands. To begin with, the formwork must be installed vertically and thoroughly attach to the floor. From above, the design can be fixed using anchor rods. Further, the inside of the formwork is poured by concrete solution, after the drying of which the cardboard is neatly separated from concrete. You can do this with a special rope by pulling for which you can split the frame into two parts (see video).

In modern monolithic construction, the columns are used quite often. In many projects of multi-storey houses, they are not only decorative architectural elements, but also the main supporting structures of the whole building. This allows you to build rooms on the subsequent floor, without repeating the plan of the previous one. To ensure the strength and durability of such monolithic buildings, the column formwork must be fulfilled and efficiently.

Varieties of columns and formwork for their arrangement

According to the geometric shape of the section, all columns are divided into:

• round (cylindrical);
• square or rectangular;
• multifaceted;
• figured.

The first two species columns found the greatest distribution. The last two categories are used mainly to restore buildings or decorative purposes.

By the number of cycles of using formwork for arrangement of columns are divided into:

• disposable;
• reusable use.

Depending on the manufacturer of the formwork, it happens:

• wooden;
• plastic;
• metallic;
• cardboard;
• combined.

Formwork for Cylindrical Columns

The formwork of round columns can be both disposable and multi-way.

Cardboard pipes are now quite often used as a disposable formwork for round columns. With their manufacture, use a paper tape, a special adhesive composition and polymer material (to provide waterproof). Such a formwork of columns is produced with an inner diameter of 150 to 1200 mm. The installation of it is pretty simple: the pipe is simply dressed on the reinforcement frame, then the support rings are installed to which the spacer pads are fixed (to impart resistance and leveling vertical). To quickly dismantle such products when they are manufactured along the entire length of the pipe, a special metal wire is pressed, pulling the cut of the cardboard along its entire length, and then it is easily separated from the frozen concrete.

On a note! Dismantling of the cardboard pipe is advisable to produce before the end of construction. It will prevent support from technological damage.

Disposable formwork for columns from cardboard has a number of undoubted advantages:

• low cost;
• ease of installation and dismantling;
• when using it, the surface of the concrete support is obtained high quality;
• slight weight;
• high strength.

Pipes (metallic, asbestos-cement or plastic) are used as non-coordinate elements of the circular section. Such after the pouring of the concrete solution remains an integral part of the structure of the column.

Attention! When using metal pipes, their surface must be treated with anti-corrosion composition.

Reusable round formwork consists of metal or plastic fields, which are mounted around the reinforcement frame of the columns using special quick-release locks. Plastic formwork columns has less adhesion with concrete compared to metallic (this ensures ease of dismantling), but less strength.

Formwork for columns of square and rectangular shape

This type of columns are most widely used both in industrial and individual construction.

The most common type of removable formwork for the arrangement of such columns is a large-scale formwork system. Universal shields (their dimensions: width - 0.4 ÷ 1.2 m, height - 1.0 ÷ 3.3 m) allow you to quickly mount the formwork for square columns (the cross section of which from 0.2⨯0.2 m to 1, 0⨯1.0 m).

Longitudinal technological holes for fastening elements (pivotes) allow you to create a rectangular formwork. For one column, it is necessary: \u200b\u200bshields (4 pieces collected in the "mill"), a pivot with special tight nuts (for the column with a height of about 3 meters, as a rule, 16 sets) and the slopes (at least 2 two-level references).

The popularity of such a system is due to:

• simplicity and high speed of installation and dismantling;
• the possibility of forming a cross section of the column in accordance with the requirements of the project;
• durability (from 80 to 200 concreting cycles, depending on the manufacturer and material of the shields).

Another view of the formwork system common in modern construction during the construction of columns - beam-blurred. The main elements of such a design are formwork plates, steel riggers, beams of various sizes and fasteners. This type of formwork system is easy to adapt to create a column of a square, rectangular and even eight-marched cross section. Such a steel formwork columns has the greatest strength and durability compared to other materials (laminated chipboard, plastic or shields from boards and plywood).

Independent manufacture of formwork in the construction of columns

In the manufacture of formwork for monolithic columns, you can use several methods.

The easiest way (however is quite laborious) for the manufacture of a formwork frame for a column of a square or rectangular section:

• From the boards (25 mm thick and a length of equal height of the column), using nails and self-tapping screws, we produce a P-shaped structure with internal dimensions corresponding to the cross section of the future column.
• We make a shield from the same boards, which will subsequently be the fourth side of the formwork frame.
• We establish the P-shaped design to the reinforcement frame and secure the shield from the boards.
• Align the formwork by vertical, using the level, and fix it with the help of stops made from boards or bars.
• To give the design of additional strength, it is consistent with additional bars and spills with nuts.
• Now you can proceed to the pouring of the concrete mix.

The video will help you figure out the above-described formwork technology of square columns:

Another way for self-making is largely similar to the previous one. Instead of boards for making formwork (preferably moisture-proof, 12 mm thick) and wooden bars. As tightening elements, apply reinforcement rods and quick-sighted spring locks (clips). For vertical leveling, you can use telescopic racks taken for rent.

On a note! The above methods are advisable to apply if it is necessary to make a small amount of columns (3÷ 4 pieces). Otherwise, the cost of materials and hardware for the manufacture of formwork will be quite large. If you need to build 10÷ 12 columns (for example, for a large glazed terrace or veranda), then the formwork of columns on universal shields, leased (the cost of renting one set, which includes: 4 shields, 2 duplex telescopic slopes, a set of necessary fasteners will be about 7,500 rubles per month). And since the split column can be produced in 48 hours after the fill of the concrete solution, then for the paid month you can easily make the required number of columns.

In custody

The final selection of this or that type of formwork for the manufacture of columns depends on their quantity, size size and height. Of course, only high-tech professional formwork systems use for the construction of supports of the bridges or the elack. And for the construction of several not very high columns, with individual construction, it is possible to quite affect a form made from undergraduate materials. The main thing is that it strictly corresponded to the geometry of the future column and could withstand the pressure of the concrete solution without deformation.

In housing construction, concrete columns are used as the supports of concrete overlaps of the upper tiers. With proper fill, they are able to withstand significant loads for a long time. The fill technology of the column from concrete does not involve the use of complex equipment. It is important to comply with the basic rules for mounting formwork, reinforcement and fill. This will go further.

Formwork differ in three characteristics:

• according to the design features: there are removable and non-removable, the latter remain part of the column;
• in shape: there may be a square cross section, rectangular, round, oval, multifaceted;
• by manufacturing material.

About the last characteristic should be described in more detail.

Plastic formwork is assembled from individual elements

1. Metal formwork can be angular, shield and beam-bli. It is reliable and allows you to increase productivity. The disadvantage is in great weight, in connection with which it will be difficult to pour columns with your own hands.
2. Plastic formwork little weighs, it is easy to clean from concrete. Requires cautious handling (plastic - fragile material).
3. Wooden: the most convenient for those who cast concrete columns with their own hands. Collected from plywood, OSB plates, boards, bars. It requires tools and devices for working with wood. The technology does not allow casting columns of round and oval shape.
4. Cardboard: the cheapest formwork, comparable according to the characteristics with the plastic. Can only be used once.

Cardboard formwork dismantled after pouring concrete

Important: The manufacture of concrete columns with its own hands using a metal formwork is almost impossible, as it requires the use of lifting equipment.

Calculation of the fill of the column

For the fill of the column, it is important to know exactly how much concrete is necessary. Pouring should be made in one apparatus, otherwise the strength of the structure will be reduced. Order of extra concrete - in vain waste of funds. The calculation of the amount of concrete mixture consists of the following steps.

• Calculate the volume of the column (round section) by the formula V \u003d πr 2 H, where:
• Determine the diameter and height of the column using a roulette.

π \u003d 3.14 (constant), R is the radius of the column, H is the height of the column. To calculate the rectangular and square in the cross section, we use the formula V \u003d ABC, where a is height, B - depth and C - width. In the case of columns, polygonal, oval and other structures of complex shape, the height is multiplied by the cross-sectional area. It is important that all parameters are specified in single dimension units (in meters).

• We add to the obtained 10%, given the possible losses of the concrete mix at each stage of operation. In the event of the construction of the reinforced concrete column in compensation, the losses are not necessary, due to the small volume of reinforcing elements.

Mounting Balaxy Mounting Formwork Technology

Balaxy-bolt formwork is the perfect form for columns from concrete with your own hands. It provides a high-quality surface and can be used to build columns with a cross section of any configuration. Installing the formwork is performed in stages.

Balaxy-Bolt Formwork Columns

1. It is made of flooring from bars and slab material (plywood or OSB). The flooring is needed for assembly work.
2. Observing the distance corresponding to the specifications on the flooring.
3. The beams made from wooden bars are installed on the riglels. The mount is performed by clamps (clamps).
4. On top of the beams laid leaf material and fasten it with self-draws.
5. The stiffness of the design is provided with the help of bars, which are attached to wooden beams (to the lower ends).
6. Along the edges of the sheets drill holes for tie screws.
7. Shields are connected to each other with twisted screws.

Note: In order to make a formwork for a round column, a special hinge insert is installed between the shields. The formwork for a high height column is collected from the formwork connected by the lining.

How to make a cardboard formwork

The formwork for concrete columns is made of tight cardboard and chain challenges. The amount of grid (in square meters) is determined by the formula S \u003d 2 πRH. Further actions consist of the following steps.

1. Taking into account the size of the column, the framework of the chain grid is folded. Cardboard is stacked inside the frame and the contour of the column is formed.
2. Studies are installed, fixing the form of the structure.
3. Poured a concrete mix.
4. Disassemble the challenge after hardened concrete (28 days) and remove the cardboard.

Formwork from boards and bars

A column from concrete with his own hands in the field of cottage construction is most often constructed using a formwork from plywood, bars and boards. The peculiarity of the material allows you to create columns of square, rectangular, less often - polygonal sections. The following rules should be followed.

Wooden formwork shields proppate

1. The thickness of the used boards should not be less than 20 mm. The minimum thickness of OSB plates and plywood is 16 mm.
2. Knowing the sizes of the column, the shields are collected, which are then connected into a single design. Shields are strengthened with diagonal bars.
3. Shield connections are performed by self-draws.
4. The inner walls of the wooden formwork are covered with waterproofing (rubberoid, polyethylene).
5. The formwork is dismantled after a complete secretion of concrete.

Stages of mounting formwork from wooden shields

Reinforcement of columns: basic principles

The concrete column can be strong enough under the condition of proper reinforcement. For this, it is used for an armature with a diameter of at least 10 mm. The reinforcement pins are installed along the perimeter of the formwork (in the middle of it) at a distance of at least 10 mm from the walls. After every 0.5 m, horizontal elements are stacked and attached. The mount is performed using welding and knitting wire.

Armature of formwork with vertical and horizontal elements

At the end of the article - the installation of concrete columns with their own hands (video, clearly demonstrating the main stages of work).