What fertilizer is best for cucumbers when planting. The right fertilizer for cucumbers when planting

Cucumber is a culture that is demanding on the fertility of the soil mixture. At the same time, the plant does not tolerate a high concentration of nutrients, which means that they will have to be applied with top dressing during the growing season. The pre-sowing preparation of the site and the application of fertilizers during planting are important. Let's find out what fertilizers cucumbers need when planting, and in what quantities they should be applied.

Article outline

Cucumber nutrients

For a good harvest, it is necessary to ensure the balance of nutrients in the dressings.

When choosing what to apply for cucumbers, one should take into account the growing season and the needs of the plant at this stage of development.

Outdoors, the average consumption of one plant is:

nitrogen - up to 25 g;
potassium - up to 58 g;
phosphorus - up to 15 g;
magnesium - up to 5 g;
calcium - up to 20 g.

Nitrogen fertilizing

Nitrogen is necessary for cucumbers, in contrast to tomatoes, at almost all stages of the growing season.

The intake of this element is especially important at the stage of growing the vegetative mass at the very beginning of the growing season.

Accordingly, it is best to introduce nitrogen fertilizing during the starting digging in the spring and during planting.

As nitrogen fertilizers, or are used.

When choosing a mineral supplement, keep in mind that urea does not work in cold soil, therefore, its introduction into cold soil in early spring is ineffective; it is better to use ammonium nitrate.

But for spraying during the growth of vegetative mass, urea is suitable. In addition, this fertilizer in certain doses plays the role of a fungicide and will prevent certain diseases of cucumbers.

Nitrogen is found in large quantities in the fresh. Organic matter saturates the soil with humus, which cucumbers love so much. In the autumn digging, you can close up fresh manure, in the spring it is better to use humus.

Phosphate fertilizing

Phosphorus is an important element, cucumbers need it in small dosages, but the intake of this element should be regular.

Phosphorus stimulates the development of the root system, which is much smaller in cucumbers than in the aboveground part.

In addition, phosphorus is involved in the processes of photosynthesis and is also responsible for the growth of green mass.

Phosphorus is especially needed during the formation of ovaries and at the stage of technical ripeness of fruits. All types of superphosphates are used to replenish this element:

monophosphate,

The first two fertilizers are applied to the soil in the fall. Ammophos is best used in spring digging, as this agrochemical contains nitrogen.

Note! Phosphorus passes into the form assimilated by cucumbers only after a year. Partial decomposition begins six months later. Therefore, in a dry form, superphosphates are embedded in the soil in the fall. In the spring and during the growing season, prepare a solution and water the plants with it.

Will fill the lack of phosphorus and organic matter, for example, bone meal, which can be used directly during planting, or manure, which is embedded in the soil in the fall.

Potash dressing

Potassium is the most essential element for the normal fruiting of cucumbers.

Its supply during the growing season should be uniform, since this element is responsible for the movement of the remaining nutrients from the roots to other parts of the plant in the aerial part.

At the fruiting stage, the amount of potassium is increased, and nitrogen supplements, on the contrary, are reduced.

If potassium is not enough during the ripening period of the fruit, their deformation occurs, the taste becomes bitter, and the keeping quality of the product decreases.

Cucumbers react negatively to chlorine, therefore, to replenish potassium in the spring, they use:

potassium sulfate,

Potassium chloride can only be fertilized for cucumbers in autumn.

Chlorine is a movable element, and by spring it will be completely washed out of the soil by precipitation. From organic fertilizers, ash will make up for the lack of potassium.

Autumn and spring preparation of the site for cucumbers

There is a universal recipe for the autumn and spring digging of the area allotted for cucumbers:

5 kg - 10 kg of rotted manure / 3 glasses of ash / 80 g - 100 g nitrophoska / m².

They will improve the structure of the soil and saturate it with nutrients.

The first feeding when planting with seeds is carried out no earlier than 10 days after the appearance of the first seedlings. In the future, dressing for cucumbers is also carried out every ten days with alternating root application and spraying on the leaf.

Fertilizers when planting cucumber seedlings

Cucumber seedlings do not tolerate transplanting well. Therefore, many farmers use peat pots for seedlings, which are simply buried in pre-prepared planting holes.

In this case, there is no damage to the roots, and the seedlings take root better in a new place.

Seedlings are carefully taken out of ordinary plastic cups; before transplanting, the soil under the seedlings must be moistened.

Planting pits are also pre-shed, before watering, add a teaspoon of ammophos or a table of bone meal. Since cucumbers also need a lot of calcium, you can put a pinch of ground eggshell in the hole.

Fertilizers for cucumbers during the growing season

For the first time, feeding is carried out after the seedlings have completely rooted, but only if it looks weakened.

Only nitrogen agrochemicals are used: slurry under the root or urea for spraying the aboveground part.

If the seedlings were fed before planting and after rooting they look quite healthy, then the first fertilizer is laid aside before flowering and the same nitrogen fertilizers are used.

The second feeding is carried out at the stage of the beginning of fruiting and stimulates its duration.

During this period, plants actively consume nutrients, especially potassium is needed. Phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers are applied in smaller quantities.

The second introduction is carried out in stages. When forming the first fruits, cucumbers are watered:

15 g (tablespoon) / 10 l.

After a week, the plants are fertilized at the root with the addition of potassium salt:

mullein 500 ml / potassium salt 5 g (teaspoon) / 10 l.

In the future, all fertilizers are applied at intervals of one week. You can use folk recipes: yeast solution, nettle infusion. Humates and growth stimulants will be appropriate.

How to identify nutritional deficiencies in cucumbers

You can determine the lack of nutrients visually by the appearance of the cucumbers:

Despite the need for regular feeding, cucumbers are very responsive to care. Follow the rules of planting and fertilizing, and the plants will thank you with abundant fruiting.

Cucumbers are one of the most popular crops grown on home gardens and farms. Each gardener has in his arsenal his own methods for planting cucumbers in open ground or in a greenhouse, thanks to which he can get high yields. But the main secret is still in observing the general rules of agricultural technology, which will be discussed in this article.

We will consider varieties that can be planted in the Urals or in the Moscow region, we will tell you the correct depth to plant the seed, how to fertilize the seedlings and how to feed the land in a polycarbonate greenhouse.

Planting seeds or seedlings begin from the second half of May to 15 June... At this time, there is still a danger of night frosts or a drop in temperature below 12 degrees, so the beds need protection.

They build it with the help plastic film or agrofibre... During the daytime, the plants open up for oxygenation and sunlight, which are very important for normal vegetation.

With the seedling method of growing zelents, the timing of the transfer of seedlings to an open bed is taken into account.

As a rule, 3-4 weeks pass from the moment of planting in the spring to transplanting. Overexposing young shoots in greenhouse conditions is not worth it, this disrupts the rhythm of plant development, reduces the formation of ovaries.

Most popular varieties

For planting in the Urals

Parthenocarpic type hybrid with a growing season of 40-45 days. Fruit length up to 12 cm and weight up to 110 grams have excellent taste and high commercial qualities. The plant is resistant to cladosporia, downy mildew, cucumber mosaic.

A bee-pollinated early ripe hybrid that forms fruits weighing up to 118 grams, length up to 15 cm... Its versatility and excellent taste have made the crop popular to be applied and planted in regions with difficult climatic conditions.

Peculiarities of Cupid: self-regulating branching, intensive fruit formation, long shelf life.

Cold hardy plant with fruit length up to 17 cm... The hybrid is resistant to downy mildew and cucumber mosaic. The flowering type is predominantly female.

The hybrid is characterized by good development of side shoots, even if planted in low light conditions.

To plant in the suburbs

An early ripe hybrid that forms fruits weighing up to 200 grams... The length of the greenery reaches 15-25 cm, the pulp is tender without bitterness. A feature of the variety is the absence of yellowness on an overripe vegetable. Tolerance to fungal diseases and spider mites is noted.

The growing season lasts about 55 days. Zelentsy at the stage of maturity reach length 8-10 cm, weight - 100g... The lash grows up to 1.8 m and is highly branched. The culture is characterized by resistance to bacteriosis, downy mildew.

Ideal cucumber for pickling, the length of the fruit reaches 12-14 cm, the weight - 100-120 grams... Harvesting can be scheduled 35-45 days after sprouting above the soil surface.

Strong immunity is manifested in the plant's resistance to fungal infections and pests.

A hybrid of universal use with a growing season of 46-50 days. On one lash, fruits weighing 120-125 grams... The composition of zelenets is rich in ascorbic acid and sugar, which gives the taste interesting notes. The vegetable is suitable for fresh and processed consumption.

To plant in Ukraine

The plant can withstand heat, so the hybrid is incredibly popular in the southern part of Ukraine. The culture requires pollination, the ripening time allows you to start harvesting 45 days after germination. Fetal weight within 90-110 grams.

Zelentsy ripens quickly, their sizes are small, but they can be removed from the bush in a season on average 1.8 kg... The variety is bee-pollinated, resistant to diseases and pests. Young shoots quickly adapt to the new environment when transplanted.

- mid-season representative of cucumbers, giving generous harvests. The Nezhinsky hybrid is tolerant to various diseases, shows resistance to temperature extremes.

The fruits retain their taste even when pickled. The collection of greens is carried out 47-60 days after the emergence of sprouts above the soil surface. Take off one lash up to 1.2 kg of cucumbers.

The spreading lash does not need to be pinched, but the plant is quite demanding on moisture. For proper care, it gives the owners a generous harvest, and most importantly an early one. The growing season lasts only 35 days. The weight of the greenery reaches 120 g at length 12-13 cm.

The peculiarity of the hybrid is the absence of yellowness even in an overripe state.

Rules for planting cucumbers in open ground and a polycarbonate greenhouse

Planting cucumbers on open beds is carried out after setting the night temperature not lower than 10 degrees... If you sow a seed in a greenhouse or greenhouse, then the temperature conditions are milder.

Selecting seedlings for sowing in spring

If the seedlings are grown independently, then the sowing time of the variety should be taken into account. Early varieties are planted late March - early April... Mid-season and late greens are sown on seedlings, starting from April 15.

When choosing seedlings on the market, the following factors should be taken into account:

seedlings should not be older than 30-35 days;
stem height reaches 25-30 cm;
the length of the hypocotal knee does not exceed 5 cm, the thickness is from 0.6 to 1 cm;
white pimples (root buds) are visible on the hypocotal knee;
the number of formed sheets is 5-6, the diameter of the lower ones reaches 16-20 cm.

The root system of cucumbers is poorly developed, so there is a high probability of damage during transplantation. In order not to injure the plant, many gardeners use to sow and grow seedlings peat or paper pots, from which it is not necessary to extract the shoot when transferring to the garden.

Preparing the garden before growing

Cucumbers love light and fertile soil, so you need to start preparing by choosing a place.

It is preferable to arrange the beds from north to south, then there will be no problems with lighting. As food for the soil, it is more suitable cow dung, the plant reacts to it very positively. In the fall, a rotted mullein is introduced into the site (5-6 kg per 1 m2).

You can also enrich the soil immediately before planting by watering it with manure tincture (1 part organic matter to 5 parts water).

A good alternative to mullein is chicken droppings... It is used even less for the preparation of tinctures (1 part of droppings per 20 parts of water). Complex mineral fertilizers are also suitable.

The most efficient way to grow cucumbers outdoors is arrangement of warm beds with a height of at least 25 cm. The organic pillow will create a favorable temperature for germination of seedlings and the development of young shoots. You can harvest the crop 7-10 days earlier than usual.

Warm beds are the most efficient way to grow cucumbers

Landing

The disembarkation is performed in cloudy weather or in the evening so that the sun's rays do not dry out the transplanted shoots. A few days before transplanting, the seedlings need to be watered abundantly and fed with fertilizers. This will help her quickly adapt to new conditions.

The holes on the site are planned at such a distance from each other so that the plants can develop comfortably and form whips. Each variety has certain stem sizes, and they are taken into account when drawing up a diagram. Bush cucumbers are planted 5-6 plants per 1 m2, tall crops - 3-4 shoots per 1 m2.

Introduce a seedling into the prepared moistened hole together with the earth lump... It is not worth deepening the hypocotal knee. The surface of the soil is not strongly pressed down so as not to damage the sensitive processes of the roots.

The necessary care for the seedlings after planting

You need to water the garden regularly in the evening hours (and preferably at about the same time).

The water temperature must not drop below 18 degrees... You need to direct the stream to the soil in the aisles; you should not spray the leaves. Before flowering, irrigation is carried out in moderation (1-2 times a week). The rates of the liquid used increase during the fruiting period (from 1 liter to 3 liters).

It is recommended to carry out several times per season hilling... This procedure will allow the root system to form better, to grow additional roots, which will make the plant more resistant to fungal diseases.

Loosening and weeding usually combined. During the season, at least 3-4 procedures will be required. Loosening enriches the soil with oxygen, prevents moisture stagnation. Weeding eliminates thickening of the planting, weeds attract insects, create a shade, thereby activating spores and harmful microorganisms that infect cucumbers.

The correct formation of the cucumber lash is one of the important conditions for care.

Cucumber garden care includes whip formation... This procedure is aimed at the development of lateral shoots, on which a large number of female flowers are formed. To do this, pinch the central stem over 5-6 leaves.

They need shaping the bushes mid-season and late varieties Zelentsov. Plants with an early ripening period do not need to be pinched.

What mineral and organic dressings can be used

A fertilized bed with nutrients at the preparatory stage does not provide the developing shoot with all the necessary trace elements.

After emergence, carry out root(Once every 3 weeks) and foliar(weekly) top dressing. Organic and mineral fertilizers are used as food.

For foliar processing, it is used solution based on manure or poultry manure... Root dressing involves the use of the following means:

Agricola 5 for Cucumbers - 1 tbsp. l. on a bucket of water (3-4 liters per 1 m2);
Energen - 2 capsules per bucket of water (3 liters per 1 m2);
"Effekton-O" - 2 tbsp. l. on a bucket of water (4 liters per 1 m2);
Agricola Vegeta - 2 tbsp. l. + nitrophoska 1 tbsp. l. on a bucket of water (5 liters per 1 m2).

Agricola - for root

Errors

Some gardeners make mistakes when growing green leaves, which leads to a decrease in yield.

Among the main ones:

usage poor quality seeds(there is a poor germination of the seed, the absence of ovaries);
good filling of the soil before planting with fertilizers, which does not provide for further feeding (this is a delusion, because the root system of cucumbers better accepts nutrition from solutions of weak concentration, and an excess of trace elements negatively affects the growing season);
growing seedlings of large sizes (you need to focus not on size, but on timing, they should not exceed 35 days);
soil oversaturation nitrogen fertilizers (this leads to rapid growth of tops and reduces the formation of ovaries);
use for irrigation cold water(the plant develops slowly, practically does not bloom);
the lack of methods for forming a lash (pinching and removing lateral shoots are aimed at increasing the ovaries and providing a sufficient amount of nutrition for the whole plant).

Diseases, pests and good ways to fight

Even with proper care, cucumber beds are not protected from pests and diseases. Of course, the risk of damage to healthy, well-groomed plants is small, but the danger exists. Therefore, it is important instant reaction on the part of gardeners when the first signs of a problem are detected.

The following diseases are considered dangerous for the crop.

affects primarily foliage, spreading further along the stems and petioles. It is recognized by its characteristic white spots. Methods of treatment: removal from the garden and disposal of affected bushes, treatment of cucumbers with ground sulfur powder (3 g per 1 m2), spraying with a solution of colloidal sulfur (25 gr. 0.3% sulfur per bucket of water).
(downy mildew) appears as yellow-green spots with a light bloom on the top of the bush. The disease spreads quickly, capable of destroying an entire garden bed in a short period of time. Methods of treatment: spraying with a milk solution (1 liter of milk and 10 drops of iodine per bucket of water), processing the culture with a Bordeaux mixture.
affects all parts of the plant, forming mucus and light bloom. Formed as a result of waterlogging, thickening of the planting and temperature changes. Transmitted through soil and seeds. Control methods: regulation of the irrigation regime, disinfection of the beds with a solution of water (10 l), copper sulfate (2 gr.) And urea (10 gr.). The affected bushes need to be disposed of and replaced.
Root rot it is recognized by the weak development of the plant and its wilting, which occurs as a result of root decay. The reasons may lie in high humidity, temperature extremes, contamination of soil or seeds. Control methods: regulation of irrigation, pruning of affected plant areas, dusting the soil with crushed lime (up to 200 gr. Per 1 m2).

No less dangerous for cucumbers are harmful insects:

melon aphid(if detected, spray with a solution of ash at the rate of 200 g per 10 l of water + 50 g of grated laundry soap, apply the preparation "Inta-Vir");
spider mite(periodic spraying with infusions of onion peel or garlic will help);
ants(dust the soil with lime, move the nests outside the garden bed);
slugs(arrangement of traps for collecting pests, treatment with Metaldehyde);
whitefly(treatment with the drug "Inta-Vir").

The agricultural technology of cucumbers, although it has some features, is quite feasible for any owner. If there is a desire to experiment, then the test should be done on several bushes, and not on the entire garden. Then the future harvest will definitely be safe.

As it grows, any garden crop must be fed with nutrients. This is especially true for cucumbers cultivated in an open garden. Regular nutrition will help plants to withstand diseases and the vagaries of the weather. In the article, we will look at how the fertilization of cucumbers in the open field goes, what nutritional methods and stages exist.

With proper nutrition, cucumbers do well in the open garden.

Stages of fertilizing for cucumbers at their summer cottage

Fertilizers for cucumbers grown in an open garden are applied in several stages.

Types of dressings for cucumbers

Apart from the preliminary fertilization of the soil, top dressing of cucumbers can be divided into root and foliar.

Root feeding of cucumbers, as the name suggests, is done by injecting nutrient mixtures directly into the root system. This does not mean that you need to pour fertilizer directly onto the roots, digging holes. It is good enough to shed the soil around the plant, being careful not to touch the green mass in order to avoid chemical burns of the whips and leaves.

Foliar dressing, on the contrary, implies the application of nutrients directly to the tops, and, if necessary, to the ovary and even to the fruit. Such feeding is carried out by irrigation or spraying. The nutrient solution for her should be less concentrated than for root watering.

Fertilizing cucumbers with mineral fertilizers

To determine what fertilizers are needed for cucumbers, periodic inspection of the plants will help. If the leaves have faded, the cucumber whips have wilted, then the plants urgently need food. Typical signs indicating the need for feeding:

Cessation of growth, bluish tinge of young leaves indicates a lack of phosphorus.
Pale color of fruits and leaves, shortened and thickened fruits are symptoms of nitrogen deficiency.
Slow growth, pear-shaped cucumbers, light border around the edge of the leaves indicate a potassium deficiency.
A powerful increase in green mass and slow development of ovaries are a sign of an excess of nitrogen.

Tip # 1: The feeding solution should be warm because cucumbers are very sensitive to cold. It is better to use hot water for mixing fertilizers. During the preparation process, the liquid will cool down to a temperature comfortable for the plant.

Organic fertilization

The most effective organic fertilizer for open cucumber beds is cow dung. The nutrients it contains provide complete nutrition, eliminating the need for additional fertilizers. Manure is brought in rotted form at the rate of 3-4 buckets per m² or used for irrigation in the form of a water infusion. To prepare mullein, take 1 part of fresh manure to 10 parts of water. Cucumbers are fed at the rate of 1 liter of the finished product per plant.

Chicken manure is sold dry at all gardening stores

Cow dung can be replaced with chicken dung. The concentration of active substances in it is much higher, therefore, before watering, chicken manure is diluted with water in proportions of 1:20. The application dose is the same - 1 liter. for 1 plant.

Non-standard ways of feeding cucumbers

The old proven methods of feeding cucumbers using natural fertilizers and the use of improvised means are very popular among gardeners.

Irrigation with milk whey. This is not only an effective fertilizer for fruits, but also a completely safe means of combating powdery mildew. Lactic acid bacteria inhibit the growth of "competitors" without harming the plant. The whey obtained from the preparation of cottage cheese is poured into a spray bottle and sprayed on the aerial part of the plants. Diluted kefir, sour milk or yogurt (2 liters per bucket of water) are used with the same success.
Processing with onion peel infusion. Take a glass of raw materials for 8 liters of water, bring to a boil, and then insist for 3 hours. Plant leaves are irrigated for foliar feeding and disease prevention.
Top dressing with an aqueous solution of ash. It is enough to take a glass of ash for a bucket of water. The resulting composition is watered plants at the root. Such processing is allowed to be carried out weekly throughout the growing season of cucumbers.
Presowing treatment of seeds with soda.Before planting, cucumber seeds are soaked in a 1% solution of soda for a day, washed with running water and dried. This simple procedure increases seed germination by 10% and significantly increases yields.
Spraying tops with infusion of rotten hay. Such feeding prolongs the growing season of cucumbers and protects the lashes from being damaged by powdery mildew. The hay is soaked in a 1: 1 ratio and left for two to three days. The resulting product is sprayed with plants 3 times with an interval of 7-8 days.

Ashes for cucumbers can be applied both dry and as an aqueous solution

Yeast as fertilizer for open field cucumbers has been used by gardeners not so long ago. This method is often perceived as something exotic, nevertheless, the results of yeast feeding are impressive. Cucumbers get sick, grow faster, the fruiting period begins 2 weeks earlier, the plants tolerate heat and cold precipitation well. Yeast contains B vitamins, proteins, amino acids, organic iron, trace elements.

increases the resistance of plants to diseases and weather anomalies;
activates the rooting of seedlings;
stimulates the development of the root system, increasing the number of lateral roots by 10 times;
increases soil fertility, enriching it with phosphorus and nitrogen;
creates a prerequisite for the active reproduction of microorganisms in the soil that decompose organic matter and improve the composition of the soil.

Another plus is significant savings on fertilizers.

For feeding, take briquetted or dry (necessarily not expired) yeast. The methods for preparing the infusion are shown in the table:

Recipe # #	Ingredients	Infusion period	Method of application
	200 g dry yeast and a teaspoon of sugar in 1 liter of slightly warmed water	2 hours	Dilute with water to 10 liters and water the plants under the root
	600 g live briquetted yeast in a bucket of warm water	24 hours	Diluted with water 1: 5, used for root feeding when transplanting seedlings
	500 g fresh yeast, 500 g chopped nettle in a bucket of warm water.	48 hours	Diluted in 50 liters of water, used for irrigation and foliar feeding

An effective complex fertilizer is obtained from nettle with yeast

Tip # 2: Yeast enriches the soil with nitrogen, but the fermentation process depletes the reserves of potassium and calcium. In this regard, yeast feeding is used no more than three times, accompanied by the introduction of ash, mineral fertilizers or extracts from eggshells.

The main mistakes of gardeners

Excessive feeding of cucumbers with urea.

Urea is a powerful fertilizer for any garden crops, the concentration of active substances in it is very high. Therefore, the recommended dosage should be followed exactly - no more than 50 g per bucket of settled water. If you overfeed the cucumbers with a urea solution, then you can completely lose the crop. Do not water a cucumber patch with urea in hot weather in bright sun. It is better to do this in the evening, preferably before the rain. If the weather is dry, the soil should be watered abundantly before feeding.

Horse manure as fertilizer.

Fresh horse manure must not be applied under cucumbers! It contains a lot of ammonia, which is converted into nitrates in the soil. Cucumbers grown in such a garden become hazardous to health.

Frequent spraying of cucumberssoda solution.

For the correct use of baking soda in the garden, you need to know the proportions of dilution, dosage, and observe the intervals for processing plants. Excessive use of baking soda leads to a concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the soil. This negatively affects the presentation of the cucumbers and the intensity of fruiting. A saturated soda solution can completely ruin the plant.

Fertilization of cucumbers with potassium chloride during the growing season.

Potash fertilizers are essential for the normal development of plants. However, cucumbers cannot tolerate the chlorine found in many nutritional mixes. To minimize the risk of damage to plants, potassium chloride is added during the autumn digging of the garden. By the spring, all chlorine is neutralized by the influence of snow and rain, only potassium necessary for plants will remain in the soil.

Potash fertilizers help plants withstand the cold

The optimal source of potassium for an unprotected cucumber patch is potassium sulfate, otherwise potassium sulfate. It is a highly soluble crystalline powder of grayish color. The main thing is that there is no chlorine in it, so it can be applied regardless of the growing season.

Answers to topical questions of gardeners

Question number 1: With sufficient watering, cucumber whips wither, the leaves lose their turgor and sag. Additional soil moisture does not help. What is the reason?

There are signs of potassium deficiency. With increased potash hunger, light green spots will appear on the leaves, which will soon acquire a brown tint, similar to a burn mark. It is recommended to feed the cucumbers with potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, potassium magnesium, and kalimag. It is permissible to use any complex fertilizer that contains potassium - nitrophosphate, nitroammofosk, carboammofosk. The method of application and dosage are indicated on the package.

Question number 2: What type of feeding (root or foliar) is more effective with an open method of growing cucumbers?

Root dressing is good in hot weather. If the summers are warm, the root system of the plants is sufficiently developed to respond to root fertilization. In cold and cloudy weather, plants are fed by spraying the leaves with nutrient solutions.

Question # 3: What is green manure? Can they be applied to cucumbers?

Siderata are predecessor plants, the green mass of which is used as an organic fertilizer for a sub-crop. White mustard, oats, rye, oil radish can be used as green manure fertilizers for cucumbers. These crops are sown on beds vacated after harvest. In autumn or spring, they are dug up together with brilliant green.

Question number 4: Despite the observance of all the terms of feeding, the cucumbers stopped in development. What is the reason?

This is how plants react to a lack of boron. Uogurtsov stops growing point. It is recommended to add 2 g of boric acid to each bucket with a solution at the first feeding.

Question # 5: Why doesn't fertilization give the desired effect?

It depends on the composition of the soil. In order for the plants to assimilate the nutrients as much as possible, the soil must be neutral. Before applying fertilizers, acidic soils are treated with lime, ash, dolomite flour, and chalk.

Cucumber is one of the most popular vegetables, consumed both fresh and canned. Pickled and pickled cucumbers are the first festive snack on our tables. To grow cucumbers, you should try and give the vegetable all the necessary elements to get a good harvest.

A bit of theory: basic rules for feeding cucumbers

The cucumber is considered the most capricious garden crop. For good development and fruiting, a cucumber needs nutritious soil, but at the same time, the plant does not tolerate a strong concentration of useful elements in the soil. To balance the amount of nutrition and balance it with the nutritional value of the soil, you need to know how to feed the cucumbers after planting in the ground.

Did you know? The first greenhouses in history were built in ancient Rome. They grew cucumbers - the favorite vegetables of the Emperor Tiberius.

Fertilizers

Cucumbers respond equally well to organic and mineral fertilizers, you just need to figure out what is the best way to fertilize cucumbers. From organic compounds culture best accepts mullein infusion- it is rich in nitrogen, copper, sulfur, iron and potassium. In addition to nutrition, the infusion provides the plant with protection from infections.

Chicken droppings contains nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium, increasing also resistance to diseases and activating plant growth. An excellent source of nitrogen will be an infusion of rotted grass, besides, such fertilizer, when overcooked, loses ammonia, which is harmful to plants, faster than animal organic matter.

Important! Horse manure for cucumbers is categorically unacceptable: there is too much ammonia in it, which decays in the soil and releases nitrates, which are absorbed by the cucumbers. The fruits of such a plant are dangerous to health.

Mineral fertilizers for cucumbers in the open field are also important, since some elements are found in scanty amounts in organic dressings. The most important in all life processes of cucumbers are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Potassium for cucumbers can provide a natural mineral remedy - wood ash- the best source of nitrogen for cucumbers, and phosphorus will be provided by the introduction superphosphate.

Forms of dressings according to the method of application

There are two main forms of cucumber fertilization.

Basalfeeding cucumbers in the open field - a method of fertilizing under the bush, as close to the roots as possible. At the same time, be careful, since it is undesirable for the fertilizer to fall on the deciduous mass. Such top dressing can severely burn the leaves and stems.

Foliar dressing cucumber is a spraying aimed at the aerial part of the cucumber: leaves and shoots. This method is safe for foliage, because dressings are not made as concentrated as root ones.

How to make a calendar of feeding cucumbers after planting in open ground

In addition to what to fertilize, you need to know how often to feed cucumbers outdoors. In order to control the process and not be mistaken with the timing and type of feeding, to give cucumbers the elements necessary for a specific life period and to prevent a shortage or excess of any substance, you need to draw up a feeding calendar. Make it in the form of a table with columns of dates, types of fertilizing (organic or mineral fertilizers), the method of application (root and foliar) and a column that takes into account the added nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.), its amount.

What, when and how to feed the cucumbers after planting in the ground, we will consider further.

First feedingculture after planting in the ground is carried out when two or three strong leaves appear. Nitrogen is needed for better growth. It can be a mineral fertilizer - urea. Method of introduction - root, amount - 1 tablespoon of powder per 10 liters of water. You can also use an organic mullein - dilute 500 g in 10 liters of water, fertilize with a root method.

Second feeding for cucumbers in the open field is carried out in two weeks. The same types of fertilizers and methods of application are used. You can also use an infusion of chicken manure or quail grass. The grass is applied by spraying.

Third feedingnecessary during the flowering period. Cucumbers need potassium to form full-fledged ovaries. Foliar top dressing with wood ash is suitable: two glasses for ten liters of water.

How to feed cucumbers in the open field in fourth time? This feeding is carried out already during the fruiting period., the plant needs nitrogen and potassium.

The first feeding is after the appearance of fruits. Apply a solution of nitrophoska (1 tablespoon per 10 liters of water), the method of introducing foliar. A week later, a second top dressing is carried out using the root method, a solution of mullein with the addition of potassium sulfate (10 l of water, 500 g of mullein, 5 g of potassium).

The better to feed the cucumbers after planting in the ground

Fertilizing cucumbers is a must at all stages of a plant's life. Compliance with the dosage of fertilizer, the alternation of mineral and organic compounds, the timely introduction of the elements necessary for each period will provide you with a tasty and bountiful harvest.

Did you know? The first mention of cucumbers in Russia was made by the German ambassador to Russia Herberstein. In 1528 he described this vegetable in his travel diaries about a trip to Muscovy.

How to fertilize cucumbers immediately after picking seedlings

Nitrogen stimulates the plant to develop further. When diving into open ground, they often add a teaspoon of ammophoska.
Cucumbers are also fed with organic fertilizers containing nitrogen - mullein, chicken manure and herbal infusion.

Sprinkle between the beds with wood ash, which is absorbed into the soil after watering. Ash is rich in calcium, which accelerates plant growth. In addition, since ash is a natural remedy, it can be consumed several times during the growing season.

Fertilizing cucumbers during flowering

Before the very beginning of flowering, they make stimulatingfertilizer for cucumbers in the open field- infusion of mullein with the addition of superphosphate and potassium sulfate. At the same time, the proportions are observed: 200 g of mullein, 5 g of superphosphate and potassium sulfate for 8-10 liters of water.

A week later, already in the flowering phase, the feeding is repeated, replacing the additives to the mullein with nitrophosphate (1 tbsp. L.) And reducing the dose of mullein to 100 g.

How to feed cucumbers during fruiting

Let's figure out how to water cucumbers for a good harvest. Fertilizer proven effective during fruiting chicken droppings... The content of zinc, copper and nitrogen in it saturates cucumbers with substances necessary for the growth and taste of fruits. Chicken manure is used mainly in liquid form.

Fertilizing cucumbers during fruiting should also contain magnesium and potassium.

During the period of active fruiting, use potassium nitrate(25 g of nitrate per 15 l of water), add by the root method.

Important!During the period of frequent rainfall, cucumbers are highly susceptible to scab. When applied, potassium nitrate acts not only as a fertilizer, but also as a protection against diseases.

How to properly feed cucumbers after planting in the ground, advice to gardeners

Before fertilizing cucumbers in the open field, it is advisable to find out what elements they need, in what quantities and what consequences will be due to a lack of certain substances.

Cucumbers need nitrogen to grow, but before feeding with nitrogen-containing compounds, think about how much watering is enough for cucumbers. With a lack of moisture, the root system will not be able to absorb the required amount of the element. With a lack of substance, the stems and lateral shoots of cucumbers cease to grow, the leaves turn yellow, the fruits change color to pale green and lose their taste.

Fertilizing cucumbers outdoors should include phosphorus. Phosphorus is involved in all processes: growth, flowering and fruiting. This element strengthens the root system of cucumbers, stimulates the growth of deciduous mass, and increases resistance to diseases and weather conditions. The lack of an element leads to diseases, retarded development and empty ovaries. A sign of phosphorus starvation is the purple hue of the foliage.

Potassium is no less important for cucumbers. It is enough to feed the cucumbers twice, and the growing season will pass without complications. With a lack of potassium, cucumbers will taste bitter, since it is potassium that is responsible for the sugar content in fruits.

What else do cucumbers love, how to feed the plant, in addition to the main listed elements? For cucumbers, calcium, boron, magnesium, manganese, iron, sulfur, zinc are also of great importance. That's why, to grow a good and tasty harvest, you need to alternate organic and mineral fertilizers.

The advantage of ready-made mineral fertilizers is that during production they add all the necessary minerals and substances in different proportions. These compositions are complex and balanced; you can choose from the abundance on store shelves both for culture and for a specific life cycle.

Don't be lazy to learn more about the crops you are growing. Knowledge of the peculiarities of their cultivation and care will ensure you receive tasty, healthy and, best of all, self-grown products.

Was this helpful?

Thank you for your opinion!

Write in the comments which questions you have not received an answer to, we will definitely respond!

Top dressing for cucumbers when grown in the open field

With this method, the fruiting period is extended.

Preparing the soil with your own hands: the soil will consist of humus, peat and rotted sawdust. This mixture will be combined taking into account such a ratio of 2: 2: 1. Then you can also add some compost and turf soil.

Fertilizing cucumber seedlings in the greenhouse

There is a great risk of collecting seeds from hybrid cucumbers, which belong to the F1 group, since in this case the probability of obtaining a final result with identical properties is rather small.

Fertilizing cucumbers is no big deal. The most important thing is to know what, in what quantity and at what time the plants need it. And then the cucumbers will certainly delight you with their rich harvest!

Http://youtu.be/Sg7QHwfw9pI

Every novice summer resident should know about the features of fertilizing cucumbers in a greenhouse. This will increase the quantity and improve the quality of the resulting crop.
About 20% of minerals enter vegetables during the flowering period until the formation of the first ovaries. The remaining 80% falls on the fertile period. Therefore, even after the arrival of the first cold weather, the cucumbers need to be watered and fed through the leaves.
After each fertilization, the seedlings should be well watered.

If you decide to grow cucumber seedlings, then you should take care of feeding it in advance. After all, this is very important for the future harvest.

womanadvice.ru

How and how to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse?

Demonstration of an example of growing seedlings at home. An experienced person shares his experience from germinating seeds to sowing and planting a cucumber in the ground

Next, you need to sow so that each glass was rich in only one seed. Sowing will be about 1.5-2cm deep. Then the cups are placed in a place with an air temperature of about 23-25 degrees. There is also the possibility that a pest (sprout fly) may appear. To avoid this problem, the cups should be smeared with any ointment that has a pungent odor.

An assortment of modern fertilizers for cucumbers in the greenhouse

The quality of the plant plays a huge role in growing seedlings. That is why seedlings that are ready for planting must be selected according to certain criteria:

Only 1 tablespoon of nitrophoska and 3 tablespoons of ash are added to one bucket of this mixture. The optimal time of the year to prepare this mixture is autumn. This condition must be met due to the fact that if you decide to prepare the soil for cucumbers before planting, then the risk that the seedlings may burn out increases.

To determine the quality of seeds, it is necessary, first of all, to carry out one operation: you need to place the seeds in a bowl, and then fill them with water; some seeds sink (these are the strongest, they will be used further), others rise up (these seeds should be thrown away, since they are weak).

Features of feeding cucumber seedlings

Vegetable growing is a rather unpretentious occupation, but it requires more energy and attention. Most nowadays are engaged in this lesson at home, and this is not surprising, since even at home you have to make every effort to get the desired result. Each vegetable has some useful qualities and cucumber is no exception. This vegetable is quite demanding to care for and grow, so special conditions must be created for it, in other ways, just like when growing any other vegetable or fruit at home. It is very important for a future vegetable grower to know what fertilizer is needed? Where is the best place to grow? And of course, how to get a good harvest? To obtain a good harvest, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting the yield of plants, and to assimilate information about how, after all, cucumber seedlings are properly grown at home.

The most important thing is that the first feeding after being placed in the greenhouse should be done before the plants start flowering. The frequency of feeding should be about 2 weeks, but fertilization after planting should be applied only taking into account the requirements of the plant itself. If the cucumbers need it, the feeding can be increased. It is not recommended to experiment with different means if you do not have such experience.

By planting vegetables in a greenhouse, any gardener seeks to increase the yield of the crop, which, of course, is very good and commendable. Moreover, at the beginning of May it will be possible to enjoy homemade lightly salted cucumbers. Knowing what and when to fertilize vegetables in a greenhouse, the yield can be increased by 40% or more, in contrast to planting crops in the open field. The most important thing to remember is that organic fertilizers should be added in parts, because if the dressing is incorrectly applied, the vegetable may not begin to bear fruit and even die.

It is better to carry out top dressing early in the morning or in the evening.

It is carried out several times, therefore, in order to get a positive result from its use, you need to know which fertilizer is best for cucumbers to use at each stage. How to do this, and most importantly - how, we will tell you in this article.

How to fertilize cucumbers in a greenhouse

As a top dressing for cucumbers, you can use a solution of mullein or bird droppings. You can apply fertilizers at the rate of one square meter: 1 tablespoon of potassium sulfate, 1 teaspoon of urea and 1 tablespoon of superphosphate. Some people deposit kemiru according to the instructions. It already has a balanced nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium complex. I am not a supporter of chemical fertilizers, since it is important to observe the doses with them. But, in order not to be afraid, I would plant seedlings in the ground from a compost heap, or add humus - this, in my opinion, is the best natural fertilizer.

Immediately after the emergence of shoots, cups with cucumber seedlings must be placed on a clarified windowsill. Previously, it was necessary to insulate all the cracks in the windows in order to avoid drafts. Fluctuations in air temperature have a very serious effect on the growth of seedlings, so the daytime temperature should be 20-22 degrees, and at night the mark on the thermometer should not fall below 15 degrees.

The stems must be strong enough;

Also

To reduce the risk of disease infecting seedlings, seeds can be disinfected using a variety of methods. For example, in any shop for the garden and vegetable garden, special seed treaters are sold (Prestige, Fitosporin).

Long-term storage of cucumber seeds can be carried out by observing certain conditions:

During the fruiting period, the nature of feeding changes somewhat. During this period, the fruits need even more minerals. Among fertilizers, special attention should be paid to magnesium, nitrogen and potassium. As soon as the plants start to bloom, prepare a top dressing with ammonium nitrate, potassium salt and phosphate. This fertilizer should be applied a couple of times during the flowering period. In this case, do not forget about the parallel introduction of minerals into the soil. To achieve more intense flowering and higher yields, you can spray cucumbers at the beginning of flowering and after flowering. For this, an aqueous mixture with boric acid is prepared (a quarter teaspoon of this acid is diluted in a bucket of water).

The roots of these vegetables are rather weak, they usually do not penetrate deeper than 20 cm, so the properties of the soil have a special effect on them. Rotten debris, manure, straw, sawdust or peat can be added to the soil as fertilizers. If possible, these additives should be enriched with manure. Mineral fertilizers will also contribute well to the growth of cucumbers in a greenhouse.

The life of any vegetable crop, including cucumbers, begins with growing seedlings. It involves sowing seeds into the soil, which is located in a small container. Feeding cucumbers at the seedling stage is performed for the first time, and it is advisable to do this in a timely manner.

It is undesirable for the solution to get on the leaves and stem.

First of all, it is worth clarifying that there is a difference in the feeding of plants grown in different places.

Fertilization during the fruiting period

It is necessary to feed the seedlings, but not exceeding the dosage, otherwise the seedlings may simply burn out.

High-quality seedlings are the key to a good harvest. To achieve a better seedling quality, you should also additionally use fluorescent lamps or energy-saving lamps. They are located mainly above the plants. The distance between the plant and the lamp should be 5 cm. Then, as the plant develops and grows, the lamps rise higher and higher each time. You need to start highlighting the plants at 8 am and continue further for 6-8 hours. The backlight must be turned off at night.

Their height should be no more than 30 cm;

Cucumbers can be grown in the soil from the vegetable garden. To do this, you must first of all take into account the fact that the land on which cucumbers have already been grown is not suitable for creating a mixture. This is due to the fact that loose earth is needed to prepare the soil.

If there is a desire to prepare a dressing agent with your own hands, then you can make a weak solution of potassium permanganate (it is contraindicated to prepare a strong solution, because the seeds may be damaged). Then the seeds must be kept in this solution for about 10-15 minutes. It is also allowed to fill the seeds with an immunostimulating solution in order to strengthen the growth of seedlings. After the performed procedures, the seeds must be thoroughly washed with warm water.

The air temperature should not exceed + 15 ° С;

Http://youtu.be/Ji5LHhDKAYk

VseoTeplicah.ru

We grow cucumber seedlings at home

Seed preparation

As a rule, feeding of cucumbers at the seedling stage begins only after the first leaf appears on the cucumber sprout.

It is impossible to say for sure which top dressing is best for cucumbers, the main thing is to follow the sequence: the first is organic fertilizer, and the second is mineral.
The first feeding is carried out after the appearance of 2 true leaves (after about 2 weeks from the growth of the shoots). For her, you can dilute mullein (1: 8), chicken droppings (1:10), or make a solution of the preparations "Fertility", "Breadwinner" or "Ideal" (1 tablespoon per 10 liters). Fertilizer consumption is 100-130 ml per sprout.

Top dressing is an important part of a healthy and strong seedling. With today's abundance in shops for gardeners, it is not difficult to purchase fertilizers for cucumber seedlings. They can be either dry or liquid. The main thing is that the fertilizer should be specialized, that is, intended specifically for seedlings. Very good fertilizer Fertika-Lux - watering seedlings with a solution of this Finnish fertilizer works wonders. Fertilizers such as Agricola or Agricola-Aqua, as well as various complex fertilizers based on humates, always containing trace elements, are perfect.

Watering the seedlings should be moderate. If the seedlings are highlighted, then they need to be watered only 2 times a day, otherwise - 1 time a day. In order to avoid the accumulation of water in the cups, holes are specially made in the bottom. You can water the seedlings only with settled water, the temperature of which will be in the range from 23 to 25 degrees.

The internodes are short;
This is the land on which legumes, onions or garlic were previously grown. Then you should mix it with complex fertilizer. The already prepared mixture must then be spilled with a hot solution of potassium permanganate in order to disinfect it.

IMPORTANT! If you purchased seeds from a store that were previously processed, then you do not need to process them again.

The humidity level should be between 50 and 60%.

Feeding with urea is also considered a very effective fertilizer during the period of fruit growth. Care must be taken when adding this element to the soil, because urea is a very strong acidic agent and can harm fruits and leaves. It is necessary to prepare a solution of this concentrate with water: 50 g of urea is taken for 10 liters of purified and settled water. The solution is applied to the soil in the late afternoon or just before rain. If rain is not expected, then abundant watering is needed. The urea solution is combined to increase the mineral nutrition for plants.

It is not recommended to feed vegetables more than 5 times. The first feeding is performed with the beginning of flowering, 4 more times fertilizers are applied during the fruiting period. Mullein and chicken droppings are great for these tasks. Instead, you can use ready-made factory dressings, having previously bought them in a specialized store.

Creation of optimal conditions

It is necessary to consider the basic principles of dressing at various stages of growth of cucumbers. So, those cucumbers that are not yet blooming and not bearing fruit are most in need of fertilizing based on calcium, phosphorus and nitrogen.

Fertilizing cucumbers in the greenhouse is one of the most important moments, without which it is impossible to get a high and high-quality harvest. Fertilize cucumbers from the very beginning of seed germination for seedlings and continue this operation until the end of abundant fruiting. Fertilizing cucumbers is necessary to saturate vegetables with microelements with an organic composition. This makes the fruits tasty, healthy and large. It is important to know the features of the choice of fertilizers for cucumbers in the greenhouse and the rules for feeding.
Next time, you will need to feed before planting in the ground. To do this, we dilute a teaspoon of nitrophoska and Kemira-Lux in a bucket of water. After a few days (7-10), it is recommended to fertilize with a solution of urea or ammonium nitrate by spraying the plants.

When using seedling fertilizer, always follow the instructions provided.

The term for growing seedlings at home ranges from 20 to 25 days. During this period of time, the seedlings are fed twice. The first feeding is carried out 14 days after the emergence of seedlings. To prepare top dressing, you need to mix 3 liters of water with 1 teaspoon of urea.

The leaves must have the required density; The seedling method of growing cucumbers has some advantages:

If you use soil for seedlings that you bought in a specialized store, then you need to know the following properties of this substrate:

Sowing

If you follow these requirements, then the seeds of the plant will be quite suitable for use in 10 years. But the most optimal option are seeds that have been stored for 3 to 4 years, because as a result of this age, the seeds give the best yield.

The active growth of cucumbers is rather well promoted by various organic dressings, among which mullein fertilization can be especially distinguished. It provides for the introduction of a solution of cow droppings into the soil in which vegetables are grown, which is preliminarily diluted with water (1 part of droppings per 5 parts of water). The solution should be allowed to stand for 2 weeks.
If the cucumbers are grown in sandy soil, then nitrogen fertilizers should be used. If the soil is floodplain, then potash fertilizers are best suited. If warming has occurred after a prolonged cold snap, it is imperative to add ammonium nitrate to the soil. Initially, it is added to the grooves, and then poured abundantly with water.
But cucumbers with fruits already need a completely different composition of feeding. It should contain more potassium, nitrogen and magnesium. At the same time, cucumbers need the required amount of microelements during their entire period of development and growth. And therefore, organic fertilizers must be properly combined with micronutrient fertilizers. For seedlings, fertilizing is used from water solutions with superphosphate, a small amount of ammonium nitrate and cow dung.

It is worth starting to apply fertilizers 10 days after seed germination. To do this, make a solution of an organic preparation ("Effekton" or "Sodium humate"), diluting 1 tablespoon in 10 liters of water. Alternatively, you can dilute 1:10 mullein or bird droppings.
When I worked in the greenhouse, we watered the seedlings with water with diluted chicken droppings in a thin stream under the root, it grew quickly until it was watered with small urea so as not to damage the leaves, here's another very good fertilizer HUMAT, it can also be used, fertilized twice a week
One glass of this top dressing is consumed per plant. The second feeding occurs 28 days after the emergence of seedlings, that is, 14 days after the first feeding was carried out. The prepared mixture will include 3 liters of water and 1 teaspoon of nitrophoska, and 1 tablespoon of wood ash is added. One glass of top dressing is consumed per plant.
The color of the leaves is dark green;
Thanks to this method, the final result (cucumbers) can be obtained much earlier;
Usually such soils are made from peat by adding fertilizers;

If you are eager to use the seeds that were collected in your personal garden, then you should consider the following nuances:

Another good option for fertilizing and feeding cucumbers is yeast. This method is not entirely common and is almost not common among summer residents. However, its application gives very good results in the form of a high yield. Take 100 g of yeast, dilute in a bucket of water and infuse for 24 hours. This composition is used for watering cucumbers (best at the root).

Seedling care

With a decrease in air temperature, root activity is disrupted, therefore it is important to help the plant during this period. Use foliar fertilizers; ammonium nitrate will do. With a lack of nitrogen, the leaves will turn yellow and fall off, if there is not enough potassium, then the edges of the leaves will become pale green, and with a lack of phosphorus, on the contrary, they will acquire a dark green tint.

The first feeding has already been mentioned. The next feeding is carried out after the second leaf has hatched on the sprout. The last one - 2 weeks after the first feeding. A distinctive feature of the second and third fertilization of seedlings is the use of a double dose of mineral components.

In stores for summer residents and gardeners, a huge variety of fertilizers for cucumbers in the greenhouse are presented. But will they produce the result stated on the package? It is quite difficult to predict the reaction of a plant to feeding and fertilization. But any plant needs proper care and attention, and cucumbers are no exception.