How to redo the roof of the house: Turn the attic to a cozy attic. Is it possible to legalize the attic of the attic of the attic of the attic of the attic in a private house

On the portal often argue - whether the attic is needed or not in our climate. The arguments of supporters of the attic floor are an additional area and a beautiful architectural solution. Opponents of attic cause arguments that attic is too complicated in operation and it often has to repair. Why is this happening? The cause of banal - gross disorders in the construction of a warmed roof. People are missed from the form that each element of the attic - vapor and waterproofing, insulation, air gap and the finish roofing coating work as a single system. Therefore, in this article, we will tell you how to avoid mistakes in the construction of the attic and reconstruct it using modern materials.

Basic mistakes in the construction of the attic
What layers is the roof of the attic floor
The two best ways to reconstruct the attic
How to work adaptive vaporizolation

3 classic errors in the construction of the attic floor

In most cases, the "applied" reputation of the attic is to blame or the customer who did not speak the topic, or builders who built it with violations of technology. The most frequent errors can be divided into three groups:

Incorrect design pie.
Builders errors.
Incorrectly selected and mounted vapor and waterproofing.

Consider classic examples based on ForumHoUSE user experience.

House-Master

I have a house with an attic. Roofing - metal tile. After 4 years, I noticed that the attic floor began to proceed strongly. The roof on the house is duplex. A window is issued from one corner to the roof. It is here that endands are treated. Lags, a cross section of 20x5 cm, rest in the Mauerlat, which lies on the wall. According to lags, moisture and windproof membrane are disseminated close to the insulation. It goes like a doom. The corners of this crate are stuck in Undov. There is no ventzazor. After analyzing the situation, and having studied the construction technology of the attic, I allocated 3 major problems:

No control and ventilation of the underpants space. Condensate does not evaporate. Because of this, the membrane wets, and the boards rot.
It is incorrectly mounted endow. Because of the crates stuck with slices, the condensate does not flow down, but it is inhibited on it. The film turned into a rag and constantly passes water.
The roof has no deposants, so the walls are constantly moat.

House with attic close-up.

Construction shocks with attic of the attic.

Vague-proof membrane along the entire length of the endhouse is simply nailed to the stapler to the boards. And the film ends in the middle of the wall. Because of this, water flows through holes, punched by a stapler and pours the wall, falling inside the house.

On one facility, the main builders errors are collected during the device of insulated pitched roofs.

The user decided to repair the attic on its own forces, for which it had to be removed from metal tile, makeup, moisture and windproof film with a replacement for new ones.

Consider a second case.

Nef785.

I made a brigade of Shabashnikov. About Ventzor They "Forgotten". While I lived with my family on the first floor, I did not know about the problem, but as soon as I began to pull the second floor, it suffered. Condensate watered a stream, at least take souls. Insulation a wet. Wooden rafters spun. I think you have to redo the whole roof. How best to do it? What to buy a superdiffusion membrane for moisture and windscreens of the attic floor?

The problem is aggravated by the fact that the house of the residential, and the rework of the roof should be done in the shortest possible time, without leaving the family from the "box".

Third case.

morelato.

I also have a house with an attic. The problem - the spring appeared condensate in the cold triangle of the attic roof. The ventzor is, but apparently, between the metal tile and waterproofing the air flow is insufficient. How to fix it? Dismantling does not offer the roof. The house is already decorated.

Roof of the house Morelato. At the construction stage.

Fourth case.

kolco74.

I have an attic. I want to reconstruct it - replace the old roofing and increase the thickness of the insulation. Parosolation is mounted to the crate from the inside of the room. I heard that the film should fit tightly to thermal insulation. The builders offered to lay the second layer of thermal insulation right along the rafters, having encouraged them, as in the figure below. So you can do? Indeed, at the top point, vaporizolation and diffusion membrane will lie on each other. I can not remake the attic from the inside, the finish finish has already been made.

If we summarize the information above and analyze users' requests on the portal, most of the three things are interested:

How to repair the attic if the house already lies, and the finish coating is mounted on the ceiling.
What to put steam and waterproofing correctly.
How to reconstruct the attic if the insulation came into disrepair (wet), or need to increase the total thickness of the heat insulating layer.

"Pie" mansard floor

vaporizoation from the inside of the room;
rafter design;
thermal insulation;
hydron waterproofing;
cinema and a controller forming a ventilator for ventilating space;
roofing.

Renovation of the attic floor with the help of adaptive vapor insulation

For the reconstruction or repair of the attic floor, two types of vapor insulation films are used:

Adaptive vaporizoation with variable vapor permeability.
Classical vapor insulation with high vapor permeation resistance.

How to do it?

Mikhail Pisarev

Plus the renovation of the attic outside - the owners of the house do not need to leave. All work is carried on the roof, of course, in the warm season. Workers dismantle roofing, crate, remove the old waterproofing film and insulation. It is not necessary to remove the old vaporizolation. Use adaptive vaporizoation, which is stacked right along the rafters, rich them. The advantages of this method:

High speed and simplicity of installation, because The material is placed in a single and continuous layer.
Due to the continuous and airproof layer of vaporizolation, heat loss is reduced.
The roof is immediately protected from leaks during roofing work.

Fallows of rolls are sampled with one-sided ribbon. This will provide airtightness and protect the insulation from the water vapor from the inside of the attic room. Also seal all slots and joints between rafters. After installation of adaptive vaporizolation, the roofers laid the heat-insulating material on it - mineral wool in plates or rolls. Through the insulation, the diffusion membrane is spread. They nail a counterclaim and the crate and mount the finish roofing coating.

Repair of attic with the use of adaptive vaporizolation.

Characteristics of vapor barrier with adaptive properties

Many have a question, and how does an adaptive film with variable vapor permeability, And do not do wooden rafters under it?

The main feature of this vaporizolation is that its vapor permeability depends on air humidity. In a dry condition, it does not miss water vapor, and when the air humidity increases, it becomes vapor-permeable. For example, in a dry state, the indicator S D film \u003d 5 m, and with moisturizes S D decreases to 0.2 m.

Those. Adaptive vaporizolation in conditions of high humidity works as a diffusion membrane. It freely dismisses excessive moisture from the design and does not allow formation on the surface of the rafter feet and condensate insulation.

Mikhail Pisarev

SD is an equivalent thickness of the diffusion resistance of water vapor. This is the product of the diffusion coefficient of water vapor μ and the thickness of the material D, expressed in meters. SD \u003d μ D (m). This value shows what air layer equivalent material for the ability to pass water vapor due to diffusion.

Important! Conventional vaporizolation is prohibited to assemble the above method.because Wooden rafters, "baked" in an impenetrable material for water pair, will begin to rot.

The renovation of the attic with the help of adaptive vaporizolation is allowed only for premises with a normal operation mode. Wet premises and kitchens are steamed with standard films.

Renovation of attic with the help of classic vapor barrier

With the classic method of repairing the attic outside, the builders also dismantle the roofing coating, insulation and old films. The difference with the first way - the usual vaporizolation is laid by the "trough" between the rafting feet so that their upper and side faces remain open to the outlet of the water vapor.

Mikhail Pisarev

To reliably connect the film in places of adjoining to the rafters, the width of the roll or a cut slicer should be 100-200 mm more than the distance between the rapid legs. The adhesive films are definitely sampled by a sealing ribbon. Vaporizolation is attached to the sling of glue from the synthetic rubber and additionally fixed the pressure rail. The rails themselves are fasten with self-drawers or nails with a step of no more than 250 mm. After laying the insulation, the diffusion membrane is mounted on top, which will protect the heat insulation from rain, snowing snow and condensate.

Repair of the attic from the outside of the classic vapor barrier film.

Due to high vapor permeability, the diffusion membrane provides a complete and rapid output of moisture accumulated in thermal insulation and a rafter design. During reconstruction, as in new construction, durable and high-quality guide films should be used - it will guarantee the protection of the insulation from entering external moisture and heat loss.

To protect the house from rain, dust and dirt at the time of repair work, use observer films.

Roof repair from within

At the end of the article, we consider the method when the roofing coating works reliably and does not require replacement, but it is necessary to replace the damaged waterproofing film and poorly mounted insulation. This method is also useful for those who want to turn a cold attic into a warmed attic.

Mikhail Pisarev

When repairing the attic from the inside, builders operate on the part of the interior. Therefore, work does not depend on the weather conditions, but the tenants will have to put up with noise, mud and dust, or move to repair time. Works are divided into a number of consecutive steps:

Builders dismantle the inner ceiling decoration.
Remove the old vaporizolation, insulation and cut off the waterproofing film.
For the formation of the ventzazor, from the inside, to the stepping cutlery of the roof, in the middle of the intercopyl span, the spacers of 50-60 mm thick is fastened.
Then, retreating from the top of the rafter foot 40-50 mm, the diffusion membrane is mounted, rolling the roll between the rafted. The film is fixed on the rafting legs with presser rails with nails or self-drawing. Because The spacer bar has a slightly large thickness, it will form a ventilation clearance and a bias of the film from the rafted to the middle of the intercopyl span.
Further, the heat insulation is mounted between the rafter and the vapor barrier film is stacked with the sickness sickness and the adjoints to the walls.

Reconstruction of the roof from the inside.

Important! The method is suitable for repairing the pitched roofs of a simple form without infants. Provide ventilation of the underpants space through the eaves or additional ventilation elements of the roof. For such a repair option, only high-strength films should be used.

conclusions

The construction market offers many building materials for renovation and repair of a warmed roof. When choosing vaporizolation and moisture and windproof films, follow decisions that are tested by time from well-proven manufacturers. Do not forget about the sealing of complex nodes and flavors. To do this, use sealing tapes and adhesives. Only so you build a comfortable and durable attic.

Among all sorts of projects of houses has long been the usual buildings with a naked roof. The popularity of them does not go to a decline in one simple reason: it is in homes where the roofs of the roof consists of two parts, the volumetric room is formed, in which it is possible to use the most rationally every meter.

Such an architectural solution was popularized by the French architect Francois Mansard. With regard to the current Russian conditions, the attic has passed a long way, has undergone significant constructive changes.

We are often frequent of temperature drops, snowfall pour on the roofs of tons of snow, so it is used amplified.

Differences from the French attic of the 17th century also in the use of modern heat-insulating materials, the arrangement of ventilation - in a word, today's superstructure from its overseas "great-grandmother" is very serious.

To remake the roof in, first of all it is necessary to determine the degree of its suitability. To create a residential premises, the roof is suitable, in which the rafters are located at an angle of 45 degrees to the base, or.

There are other types of roofs in which the underproductive space can be used rationally. All are presented to the size of the premises obtained, and the main indicator is the height of the ceilings.

Minimum height for room improvement:

1.2 m - with 30 degrees of inclination;
0.8 m - at 45-60 degrees;
not limited - at 60 degrees and more.

If the rafter design allows you to create a room of the desired size, the coating can be not dismantled.

It is necessary to carefully examine all the elements of the design, connecting nodes, and if in order, you can proceed to the next step. In case of detection of fallen or damaged bars, they are replaced.

Next, the inner covering of the rafter legs is removed, the floor is laid, the communications are laid. In specially completed openings are installed and the walls are insulated. The heat insulating material is laid, as a rule, between rafters. Before installation, windproof film is strengthened, after laying the insulation, vaporizolation is fixed.

And then the indoor decoration is made. It is important not to forget about ventilation: without a gap between the roof and insulation, the service life of the roof decreases sharply.

What to pay attention to

The emergency condition of the roof does not say that it was built very and for a long time. This may be evidence of errors made during design and at any stage of installation.

A mansard roof features a number of features.

It performs not only the function of protection against atmospheric influences, but also prevents. When the so-called cold attic is used, it is thermally insulated only. Here, the insulation will also require the overlap, and the frontones, and there is a heat insulator between the rafters - that is, the material consumption increases greatly.

In addition, the roofing pie affects moisture, which is much more in the residential room than in a cold attic.

If the roof of the superstructure is cool, maximum attention must be sent to the choice of material and quality of work on, providing waterproof and protection against heat loss. Any omission during roofing works can lead to unpleasant consequences.

Note that there are misses that builders are allowed only when the attic roof is erected or its reconstruction. But many basic mistakes are characteristic not only for the construction or reconstruction of the attic, but also for other types of roofs.

We will analyze the main flaws during the construction or reconstruction of the rafter system and roofing cake.

Choosing and storing timber

If it was decided to build a new roof, then intended for this purpose should be well dried ,.

In no case cannot be used for rafted the trunks crude from the bark (some mount-installers do that, after which the larvae of treasures under the crust are rapidly "crack" with rafters).

Boards, logs must be stored laid, in the place protected from moisture. The use of wet wood most negatively affects the geometry of the skates.

Mount Mauerlat.

As the theater begins with hangers, so the roof begins with Mauerlat. Unreliable - and the roof literally flies with the first strong wind, which is a lot of sad confirmations.

Cross section of rafter legs and their step

These indicators are specified by the project, the calculation is carried out taking into account weight, permanent and temporary loads and other factors.

A common situation is when experienced builders neglect the calculated data and exhibit terropyl legs on the eyes, with an "approximate step". As a result, this leads to a deflection and even to complete destruction of the roof - especially the quick results of this flare will appear in the case of heavy roofing or in the snowy winter.

Roof uneven rates not only look unprepacently, but also entail additional troubles.

The smaller, if the skews in the rafter system are not allowed to install.

The cross section of the main elements of the frame must necessarily meet the project. If it is less, the rafters may not withstand the load, if more - the weight of the roofing structure will create additional pressure on the walls and the foundation.

But it happens that "specialists" mounted a vapor insulation film ... not the side inward.

Roofing

The main Council when installing roofing - you need to follow the manufacturer's recommendations.

For example, do not use the grinder for cutting the metal tile - it will significantly extend the service life of the material.

During installation, builders can move along the coating, which leads to deflection or scratching the surface. To prevent such situations on the roof, it is necessary to step with extreme caution and only where a doom is packed, and also use shoes on a soft sole.

Drainage

The first and main mistake - an attempt to reduce the whole due to the smaller number of funnels and the choice of pipes of smaller diameter. Because of this, the system will not be able to perform its functions and cope with the flow of water during a strong shower.

Often, the gutter is set strictly horizontally, which leads to a cluster of water and the occurrence of ice traffic jams in a cold time.

Mounts are experiencing serious loads, and therefore should be high quality - this is an immutable law. The products are selected for the material, for the attachment of which they are intended. Ideal if items running with it are used to fix the roofing coating.

The most important enemy of metal fasteners is corrosion, which eventually can destroy and attached material.

Experts should know all the nuances, even in small things: for example, plate dowels, often used for fastening the insulation, become the so-called cold bridges.

The location of light openings should be carefully thought out. Some psychological discomfort The horses of the attic will feel if, for example, set the window at a distance of 150 cm from the floor: then a review for a person sitting on a chair will be difficult. The optimal distance of the lower part from the floor is 90-110 cm.

The junctions between the window and the frame are subject to careful sealing. Complete with some models of windows are special insulating aprons.

The common errors include poor-quality adjacencing to the frame of the undergraduate waterproofing, and the use of mounting foam as an insulator, and fuzzy flaps relative to the frame, which leads to the doss. The last problem may appear as a result of a shrinkage of the house.

For access to the underfloor space, re-equipped from a cold attic into a living room, you need to make an entrance - most often it is a hatch with a sliding or folding type.

Quite often occurs the wrong approach to the installation, or even more correctly will say, the assembly of such a design.

The loops connecting parts of the folding structure should be fixed correctly, otherwise the staircase will be simply open to the other side. Sometimes buyers do not take into account the height of the stairs in the unfolded state.

Modern people try to use the area of \u200b\u200btheir home as efficiently. Therefore, the proposal to equip additional space under the roof is always encountered with enthusiasm. It is much easier to plan the construction of the attic at the construction stage of the house, but you can make an additional superstructure and above the old building.

How to make a attic on the old house

The presence of the attic not only increases the living area, but also gives the building a colorful look.

Mansard turns a country house in a fabulous building

Old house can be updated by building the add-in in accordance with the existing standards.

The superstructure of the attic begins with the calculations of the strength of the old house

First you need to decide whether it will be possible to withstand the load of the attic floor and the new roof the existing foundation and walls. If they have a sufficient margin of safety, then you can proceed to the alteration of the house. Otherwise, they should be strengthened.

Old brick walls sometimes seem durable, but with additional loads with time, cracks may appear in solution. Therefore, it is necessary to immediately consider their condition, and if necessary, tied with a rigid belt. This is done as follows:

metal poles with a cross section of 10x10 cm by the bottom edge are inserted into the foundation, and the top is associated with the first floor armoomas. Installed around the perimeter of the house every 2 meters;
the metal reinforcement section of 12 mm is stacked in stages and reincubate the house on the walls: from the bottom of the window every 2 meters up;
a metal mesh with a cell size of 2x2 cm, which is covered with plaster after completion of all works, is being turned over.

Strengthening the foundation is made by the strapping by the reinforcement belt from all sides.

If the old foundation may not withstand the attic, then it must be seen by reinforcement

Deciding with the hardening of the building, you can move to the selection of the project of the future superstructure. It should harmoniously look against the background of other buildings and fit the style of the whole house.

The calculation of the sizes of the internal upper room and the necessary materials for construction will depend on the attic roof

There are several kinds of attic:

single-level bartal roof - low ceilings with a small living area;
Single-level attic from a duplex roof - the simplest view of the superstructure for small buildings
single-level with a broken row - increased internal space, but serious costs of funds and time for construction;
Single-level attic with a broken row roof usually build on a brick house
single-level with console deposits is a complex design that allows you to get even more area, as the mandatory frame goes beyond the building, and the windows are installed vertically;
Single-level attic with consoles with deposits allows you to get a lot of indoor space due to the increase in the upper structure
multi-level with mixed roof support - used in the construction of a new house, it is erected only by specialists.
Multi-level attic with mixed roof support on old houses is usually not established due to the complexity and large volumes of work

Video: Alteration of half the old roof in the attic - a lightweight way

Alteration of roofs under the attic - a relatively cheap way to increase living space. In a private house, a scope roof is usually put, so you can make your own hands an additional spacious and bright room.

Inner trim tree makes mansard warm and light

And if the house is quite large for the extension, then the attic can turn into a real floor: with several rooms and even a balcony.

Large attic allows dividing the area to different residential areas

Advantages of creating attic:

the ability to device one or more new residential rooms;
Low ceiling attic under the bustling roof is the most convenient to furnish with low sun beds.
minor costs compared with the construction of a full-fledged floor or side extension to the house;
update the appearance of the building;
The house with a mansard under construction always attracts the views of passersby and interest in the final result
the ability to observe a beautiful view from the attic window.
Through windows in the attic passes a lot of sunlight, lighting the room all day

However, this solution has certain disadvantages that should also be considered:

the need for insulation and sound insulation ceiling and a new roof, installing several glass windows;
the complexity of additional heating and lighting into the upper part of the old house - you have to combine with home wiring or use a standalone connection;
To heat the attic with access to the balcony, you can use the bourgeois stove
layout of a part of the home space under the staircase emerging on the attic;
The ladder leading to the attic to safety is definitely fencing
the need to acquire special furniture under the inclined roof or purchase of squat models: low cabinets, sofas and tables.
Low Furniture is best suited for the interior of the attic

The presence of inclined walls makes the room unusual and romantic, but with this solution will have to more accommodately approach the design of design. You can make furniture for inclined superstructure independently or collect a single complex of already available multi-level models, painting everything in one color.

Furniture repeating the slope of the attic can be made independently

So, the main disadvantage of the alteration of the attic room under the attic is the need for investing funds, but it is worth it.

The construction of the attic will cost much cheaper than the creation of an additional floor, regardless of which materials will be used to build walls. After all, for their creation, the main material, insulation and decoration will be required, whereas for the attic superstructure only a roofing insulation and a new rafting system is needed.

The superstructure is made symmetric or asymmetric shape. The inner walls are designed as inclined and vertical.

After studying the schemes of single-level attic with different types of roof, it is easier to decide on the choice when planning

Alteration of the attic under the attic does not require dismantling of all existing structures. But it is necessary to make sure that the ceiling overlap is reliable: check its condition, enhance with wooden or metal beams, to sew a new board. Then it will be able to withstand the weight of furniture and people.

For a frequent lift on the attic, it will be necessary to make a convenient staircase, to provide installation of ventilation, natural and artificial lighting, perform an internal finish - all this will allow you to create a cozy and comfortable room.

An add-in with an inclined roof, decorated in bright colors, visually increases the space, and the color spots add brightness to the interior

When building an attic floor, the following conditions must be respected:

the rafters are made of glued timber with a thickness of at least 250 mm so that the required amount of insulation can be laid;
for insulation, foamed polystyrene is used due to low weight and high thermal insulation characteristics;
there is a gap between thermal insulation and roofing material to provide natural ventilation;
it is necessarily stacked by a hydro and sound insulation layer.

Alteration of roofs under the attic with their own hands

During the construction of the house, it usually lacks funds, so many refuse to build the second floor. Or another situation may occur when the old one-storey lodge of a small square is purchased together with the site. In both cases, there is an accessible option to increase the place to stay - restructuring the attic room in the attic with their own hands.

Project creation

Before starting work, you need to make a plan and develop a project with accurate drawings. The correct calculation will allow you to get a cozy, durable and reliable room. You can perform all calculations yourself or entrust it to specialists.

Draw a plan and develop a sketch project independently, having studied different options on the Internet

Strengthening walls and foundation may be needed in the case of complete replacement of rafters. If the roof is partially converted, then it may be necessary to strengthen only for overlapping. It is also necessary to immediately decide which types of windows will be used in the attic: the gain in the rafter system will depend on it.

The location of all windows in the roof of the attic must be thought out in advance and make this data in the project plan

Slinge system

The rafters can be with voting or hanging. The first is based on the inner walls of the house or additional supports, and the second on the outer walls.

Attic and hanging rafters are used in attic

For attic, hanging rafters are best suited.

Mansard with hanging rafters looks more beautiful and wins in the size of the inner area

Mansard usually takes the entire space of the attic, and its walls are combined with external.

The best option for creating an attic is a sling lines system.

The rafter system consists of different bearing bars. To understand the device of the whole design and to build it correctly, you need to figure it out in the appointment and work of its individual elements.

The image of individual elements of the rafter system helps to understand the device of the entire design.

Re-equipment of the room

With a sufficient altitude of the attic room, the lifting system is not necessary to redo. It is enough to inspect the old rafters, to identify possible flaws and eliminate them.

If the rafter system is in good condition, you can proceed to the arrangement of the floor. Between the lags, the insulation is first stacked, after which the surface is trimmed by conventional boards or sheets of OSP, chipboard.

The floor in the attic is insulating and closed by boards

Between the rafters before laying the insulation, all the necessary communications are mounted, places to install windows are cut in the roof. It is carried out before insulation.

All wires and tubes of communications must be placed in special corrugations.

It is necessary to take care of the creation of natural ventilation of the undergrade space through the produced so that moisture does not accumulate indoors.

Hearth roofing

It is necessary to insulate the roof and qualitatively - the microclimate under the roof will depend on it. Usually, mineral wool, foam or sprayed polyurethane foam is used as insulation.

The thick layer of the thermal insulator is tightly stacked and fixed between the rafters so that there are no gaps and gaps anywhere. At the top of the roof - the waterproofing is mounted between the roof and insulation, the insulating material on the side of the room is placed. Then from the inside the insulation is covered with a vaporizolation film.

For better ventilation between the roofing material and the insulation, a short distance is left: so the air circulates through the holes in the cornices and the skate. If the roof is covered with wavy sheets, then the thickness of the gap should be 25 mm, if the flat material, then it is necessary to bring it up to 50 mm.

When creating the insulation of the attic, it is necessary to strictly observe the sequence of the layer

Planning a lifting on the attic, you need to take care of the convenience and safety of movement. Therefore, the staircase is usually mounted inside the house. It is constructed from wood or metal: it can be both a screw and a marching structure.

The staircase on the attic can be a different type and design, which allows it to fit into any interior

In the ceiling of the first floor, the discovery is cut, which around the perimeter is strengthened with a metal or wooden strapping.

The design of the staircase on the attic should be durable, reliable, safe and beautiful

Interior decoration

To cover the walls in most cases, plasterboard plates are used, the seams between them are placed. On top, the wallpaper is placed or decorative plaster is superimposed. Alternative - lining or natural tree.

If some rafters appear through the walls inside the attic, they can be issued as decorative elements and even use in the form of a horizontal bar for hanging hammock, swings, chandeliers and other devices.

Registration of visible parts Slinge in the interior of the attic - the matter is interesting and creative

It is not recommended to use heavy finishing materials on attic, as they increase the load on the walls, overlapping and foundation of the building.

There are many options for the internal finish of the attic, but only light materials are desirable to use.

To cover the floor, you can use laminate or linoleum, and it is better to refuse from tiles or porcelain stoneware.

Dersighted floor roof device

The roof of the residential superstructure should consist of the following layers (the order of the location - from the street to the inner space):

Video: For what and how to properly lay layers on the roof of the attic

Dersighted roof calculations for home

Determination of the total weight of the roof

To calculate the overall weight of roofing materials, it is necessary to multiply one square meter of the coating to the total area of \u200b\u200bthe attic roof. To obtain the weight of one square meter, it is necessary to fold the proportion of all materials, of which the roofing pie consists, and multiply it to the reserve coefficient (1,1).

If the drying thickness is 25 mm, then its share is 15 kg / m 2, the insulation with a thickness of 10 cm has a specific weight of 10 kg / m 2, and the roofing material ondulin has a weight of 3 kg / m 2. It turns out: (15 + 10 + 3) x1.1 \u003d 30.8 kg / m 2.

According to existing standards, the load on the overlap in a residential building should not exceed 50 kg / m 2.

Definition of the roof area

To calculate the surface of the broken roof, you need to split it on simple figures (square, rectangle, trapezium, etc.) and determine their area, and then add everything. To determine the surface of the bartal roof, you must multiply the length of the width, the resulting value is multiplied by two.

Table: Definition of the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof of the attic

When calculating the angle of inclination, the climatic zone is taken into account in which the house is located, and that it is convenient to move to the attic on the attic

It is also necessary to carry out the calculation of the roof slope. Usually an angle is 45-60 degrees, but when it is determined, it is necessary to take into account the climatic zone in which the house is located, the construction type of the attic, snow, wind loads, architectural design of the house.

The greater the angle of inclination of the roof, the smaller the load on the rafter system will be, but the consumption of materials will increase.

Calculation of the rafter system

When choosing a rafter system, you can stay in the following options:

hanging rafters;
inclined type;
skate run;
combined design.

If the roof length is more than 4.5 m, then the support runs and soils can be used. With a length of more than 7 meters, a ski beam is installed.

For wooden rafters, a beam is used with a thickness of at least 70 mm. The step of their installation should be 50 cm.

On a large area, it is better to mount a metal rafting system: due to the increase in the distance between the rafters, the absence of spacers and subposses, the weight of such a design will be less than that of wooden, and the strength will increase significantly.

If the area of \u200b\u200bthe attic is big, then it is better to install metal rafters

Calculation of the required amount of materials

To carry out the calculation you need to know the following parameters:

width, thickness and step rafters;
the distance from the edge of the roof to the rafter;
the size of the boards for the root and step between them;
size, type of roofing material and fuelstone between its sheets;
type of steam, hydro and heat-insulating material.

The roof is divided into simple figures and the required amount of each of the materials is determined. This uses simple mathematical formulas.

The results obtained are translated into standard values: for wood - in cubic meters, for roofing materials, steam, hydro and thermal insulation - in square meters. And you can go to the store.

Common mistakes

Most often, with independent settlement, errors are obtained during the determination of the required number of insulation. If the climatic conditions are severe, then it will have to increase its volume, otherwise it will not be possible to create comfortable living conditions on the attic. The insulation is laid on the floor overlap of the house, the walls of the front and the rods of the roof. But everywhere the thickness of the insulation can be different.

Video: calculation of the attic roof with diagrams and load

The attic floor allows you to get an extra living area and gives the private house a modern attractive appearance. It is easy to create your own mansard, only you need to properly draw up a project, perform calculations and conduct high-quality installation of all materials. And the result will benefit the owners long.