Railing installation: fittings, fastening to the wall. How the railing is attached to the wall and to the floor Attaching the round handrail to the wall

One of the main components of the design of the stairs is considered to be its fence. It performs a protective and decorative task, consists of balusters, main intermediate and support posts, handrails, as well as protection screens. Railings help a person move safely along the flight of stairs. They provide support while walking and prevent falling over the stair perimeter. The article discusses how to install stair elements, as well as fastening the handrail to the wall.

Balusters - the most important component of the stair railing

In order to correctly install the fence, you need to know how to fix the railings and balusters based on their type and material of production.
Balusters are supports that are located vertically. It is on them that the handrail is laid. They are placed directly on the steps or mounted to stringers or bowstrings. The configuration of the balusters can be different and is determined by the interior design of the building, the design features of the stairs, the style decision, and, of course, the price. They can decorate even a very nondescript flight of stairs. Balusters are made from materials such as wood, steel, concrete, stone, glass, plaster.

Today, you can often see stair railings in which there are two or three types of building materials that are ideally combined with each other. The method of mounting the baluster to the span depends on the material, namely, which option is best to choose.

Requirements

In order for the staircase railing to be reliable and safe, a number of mandatory conditions must be observed during its installation:

between the balusters, the distance in the light should be at least 150 millimeters;
the safe height of the railing must be at least 900 millimeters;
fasteners for railings must be done at 2 points - to the handrails and the structure of the stairs (steps, stringers, bowstrings);
fastening the handrail to the wall should be extremely smooth and comfortable, but not slipping; next to the wall, they can be fixed directly to it without mounting balusters.

The main protective task of the railing is performed by the support posts - upper and lower, therefore, their fixation must be approached very responsibly. Although the installation of intermediate balusters must also be treated carefully. It is necessary that the fence can withstand a hundred-kilogram person who leans on it.

The entire course of installation of the railing consists of the following stages:

the extreme pillars of the support are mounted from below and from above;
the locations of the baluster structures are marked - for this you can use a thin but strong cord, or a laser level; it is important to remember that precise markup parameters are very important and avoid unnecessary problems;
center lines are applied in the center of the balusters thanks to a marker or pencil;
upper baluster ends are being prepared. They need to be sawn off according to the slope of the flight of stairs. Sawing the ends from below is carried out only when the vertical support elements are placed on top of the bowstring or the railing fasteners have a personal design.

Wooden staircase railing

The main load-bearing components of the fences can be fixed to the steps with simple carnations, but such a device will loosen quickly enough and after a short time period it will become unusable.

There are 3 three main methods that allow you to make railing fasteners stronger, handrails for baluster structures are installed in a similar way. Fastenings are performed on dowels, on self-tapping screws, and also on studs. When the railing is installed on steel studs, a hole with a depth of no more than 80 millimeters is drilled in the middle of the butt from the bottom of the wooden baluster structure. Its diameter is usually 12 mm.

It is important to consider that the studs, in order to avoid corrosion, must be galvanized. The pin is inserted into the hole so that it protrudes 5 to 7 centimeters beyond the coating. Thanks to a special glue, they are fixed in the required position and wait for the final setting. Then a hole is drilled in the bowstring or steps and the balusters are “shut down” into place with the same glue and studs that are installed in the balusters.

Installing balusters on dowels, which are spikes made of rounded wood, is done as follows:

larger holes are drilled in the baluster ends from below and on the bowstring or steps than for metal studs;
dowels are inserted into the prepared grooves, using glue for fastening, which is identical to PVA;
a baluster is installed on the dowels, pre-filling the prepared holes with glue;
the verticality of the pillars is checked due to the level or plumb and leave them for 2 - 3 hours before the glue completely hardens;
proceed with the installation (in particular, fastening the handrail to the wall).

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The question of how to attach the railing to the wall or directly to the staircase itself is especially relevant when erecting the structure yourself. They serve, first of all, as a means of safety for movement, and therefore it is important to consider not only possible installation methods, but also indicators such as the shape and height of the handrails.

Features of stair railings

First of all, it is necessary to consider the features of such structures. It is important not only to understand the basic points of how the railing is installed, but also how important they are in the overall composition of the stairs.

The following functional tasks of railings and handrails can be distinguished:

They serve as an obstacle for stepping outside the march, which is especially important for narrow stairs.
Facilitate movement, acting as an additional support for a person.
They make the descent and ascent safer, help to maintain balance, give a sense of security, especially if the height of the stairs is very significant.
They serve as an aesthetic component of the structure, improving its appearance, creating a certain style and complete look.

For railings, there are their own norms and standards, which must be guided by when designing a structure. The basic characteristic is the height of the handrail on the stairs. According to the standards, it should be within 90-110 cm. Often, the average value is taken, which already includes the height of both the fences and the railing itself.

For children, the lower tier of handrails is additionally installed, the height of which is on average 60 cm.

For the manufacture of stair railings, various materials are used.

In addition, it should be borne in mind that railings and handrails can be made of different materials:

wooden,
aluminum,
plastic,
etc.

Wooden crafts

The installation methods for each type of handrails differ from each other. The most common option is to install wooden stair railings. In this case, the following options are available:

mounting on balusters or base plank;
installation with dowels, self-tapping screws, screwed hinges, etc.

First of all, you should pay attention to the principle of installation. The most common way is to fix the railing on the prepared base, which is a bar that connects the balusters at the top. Often it is enough to attach the railing and screw it to the base. This method is used for both wooden and metal structures. Another way is to attach wooden railings to posts. In this case, it is important to trim the balusters correctly so that their angle of inclination coincides with the slope of the stairs.

In order for the fastening of the railing of wooden and combined stairs to be durable, special studs are used, on which the bar is mounted on the reverse side. You can get by with self-tapping screws, but their tip should not peek out from the front side. When dowel connection, wooden plugs are used, driven into prepared holes and additionally coated with glue.

Options for installing wooden stair railings

A popular method is the use of screwed loops. In fact, these are two threaded studs connected by a hinge element. They allow you to easily connect both the railings with balusters and the handrails themselves, which is especially important when there are differences in levels when cornering.

Hardware

For public places, as well as for street structures, metal handrails are more popular. Their advantage is that they are stronger and more durable, in addition, in most cases, aluminum models or stainless steel are used, which do not corrode.

Fastening such railings to the stairs is carried out by different methods. Ordinary iron pipes or profiles are usually used for arranging industrial marches or street steps. For such products, the best option is to connect by welding.

Since it is impossible to attach aluminum railings to the stairs in this way, screws and couplings are used for this purpose, with their help it is possible to fix the handrail on the railing. This design looks quite neat.

Metal handrails are most often used in public buildings

Often in combination with such models of fences as aluminum, plastic railings are used. They allow you to create an imitation of wood or stone, but at the same time they are cheaper, and besides, they are pleasant to the touch.

Installation of such handrails on the stairs can be carried out by different methods. If the product has the form of a tube, it is fixed over a metal fence using special fasteners through which the material is pulled. In order to create a seamless connection at the corners, the plastic needs to be slightly heated and give it the desired bend. The edges of the railings are closed with metal or plastic plugs.

Thanks to its flexibility, plastic railings allow for seamless connections on curves.

But the installation of flat railings on a metal staircase is carried out by inserting a base plate inside the product. The railing, as it were, wraps around the metal, which is fixed in the side grooves.

Another option available for marches adjacent to the wall is the installation of wall rails. Such products can be found in public buildings, educational institutions, hospitals and underground passages.

The handrail is attached to the wall by fixing it at several anchor points. They are located on the sides about 15-25 cm from the edge, and are also evenly distributed along the central part of the element.

Wall handrails are installed using special metal fasteners

The distance between the handrail and the wall must be at least 5 cm, but not more than 25 cm.

Fastening standard wooden railings to the wall is carried out by applying them to a metal base. Otherwise, there is a risk that the material will not withstand the load over time. But aluminum handrails and plastic are fixed on special fasteners, which look like rings or half rings. From below, such handrails are additionally screwed with bolts.

It is worth noting that round aluminum handrails are much more convenient to use than wide wooden ones. They are easier to wrap your hand around and grab onto the railing in case you stumble on the stairs.

The quality of fastening railings and handrails largely determines the safety of movement on the stairs for you and your family, so you should not ignore the basic requirements regarding this issue.

Before you install a wall handrail, decide on a few parameters that will help you choose fittings. Here are the questions to be answered:

Where do you install the handrail?
What material have you chosen?

Depending on where you will install the railing to the wall, choose the material: wood, steel, stainless steel, PVC, aluminum. When choosing a handrail, carefully study the characteristics, considering where and where you install the wall: under a canopy, in a basement, on a porch, in a dry or damp room.

For example, a tree is installed on the street and at home, but due to the influence of the external environment it dries up, cracks and requires additional care.

The following handrail shapes are on the market: round, square, figured or oval, under which brackets are selected to the wall. The selected wooden handrail has a straight substrate, then a lodgement for a plane or a diameter of 50.8 mm is suitable here. After installation, a gap of 1-2 mm will not be visible from below. For a neat and strong installation, grooves are made 2-3 mm deep, into which the holder's lodgement is fixed.

In the case of choosing metal handrails, the wall bracket is selected exactly according to the shape and diameter. It will not work to remove the gaps between the lodgement and the handrail. Details are fixed with screw or blind rivets, argon-arc welding.

Handrail bracket classification

Handrail brackets, otherwise called holders, wall mounts. The cheapest stainless steel brackets are welded. Many are unsure that they can properly install handrails with such fasteners. Simply attach the holders to the railing and mount the railing to the wall at an angle of 900 mm. The advantage of such brackets is their rigid construction. Of course, it is more convenient to buy ready-made metal handrails.

According to the type of installation, fasteners are divided into welded and prefabricated. The negative point of prefabricated brackets: once every 6 months, check and tighten the connections.

The holders are divided according to the method of installation to the wall with flanges, under the stud. A strong connection is on the flange. The load is distributed over three attachment points. When fastening to a hairpin, it is required to additionally use chemical anchors and plastic sleeves.

Where to buy wall rail holders?

Holders for handrails to the stainless steel wall are sold on the construction market, in specialized online stores. Check out our website for wall mounts. The main thing when choosing a bracket is that the mount fits your design and at the same time creates a rigid structure.

You can order or buy a stainless steel handrail bracket with delivery or pickup. To do this, fill out an application through the online store or call by phone. If you need a set for handrails, we will help you choose the right option for the size and design of the stairs.

Railings not only decorate the stairs and, possibly, the entire room, they have at least one more important function, which is safety.

The main task of the railing is to ensure safe movement on the stairs and prevent falls.

The fastening of the railing must be reliable and withstand the necessary loads.

railing requirements

It is important to make the railing durable and comfortable to use. Their main tasks are to increase the safety of the stairs and strengthen them.

When installing railings, it is necessary to take into account the requirements that are accepted by general standards and regulatory documents:

Railings must be installed if the stairs have more than two steps.
The minimum height of the railing, adopted by Russian standards, should not be lower than 90 cm, the optimal height is 90-120 cm, depending on the installation location. In the case of children using the stairs, it is recommended to install additional handrails at a height of half of the main one.
The fence pattern must be designed in such a way that the child's head does not pass through it. For example, the distance between the balusters should not be more than 15 cm, in the case of forged railings, it is necessary to think over the pattern in such a way as to fulfill this requirement.
Fastening of balusters or other type of fencing should be carried out at the top and bottom of the railing.
The railing must withstand a side load of at least 100 kg.
With a small march width of up to 120 cm and the location of the stairs along the wall, it is allowed to install a railing on one side. When increasing the width of the march, it is necessary to additionally fasten the railing to the wall. In the event that the staircase is not located near the wall, the railing is installed on both sides for any width of the staircase, with the exception of unique design solutions.

Material selection

Railings should have a beautiful appearance and fit into the overall interior of the room. They can be made from a wide variety of materials and their combinations.

. They are mainly used for internal stairs, much less often for outdoor ones. The reason for this is the fact that this material wears out quickly and loses its attractive appearance under the influence of temperature and sun.
. Their use is much wider due to the fact that the metal is much more resistant to external factors. Metal railings, in turn, are distinguished by the type of metal, the most common is from.
Plastic railings. Analogue of almost any material. Modern production technologies allow you to get the look and texture of any type of wood or stone. The advantage is resistance to decay and corrosion.

Do-it-yourself installation of balusters and railings

Before proceeding with the installation of railings, let's define their elements.

Railings include:

support posts - are installed at the beginning and end of the march;
handrail;
fencing (balusters, artistic forging, etc.).

Installation of railings must begin with the installation of support pillars:

After the support pillars are installed, it is necessary to install the balusters without fastening and attach the handrail. This is done in order to make it more convenient to mark at what angle you need to make a cut on each baluster.

After completing the cut, on a bowstring or steps. Fastening the handrail to the balusters is carried out using a dowel or using self-tapping screws.

Fasteners for the railing to the support post:

Wall handrails made of wood are not only an element of decor, but also a functional part of the stairs. They are equally needed both in residential buildings and in office premises.

After all, for a safe descent from the stairs, there must be handrails that you can hold on to.

wood railing requirements

Before proceeding to consider how to properly make wall fasteners for wooden handrails, you should dwell in detail on the requirements that such parts must meet.

These requirements apply to both the material itself and the design fastening features.

It is imperative to take into account the features of the interior where it is planned to mount the handrails. They must match it. Otherwise, the design will look very ridiculous and will soon get bored.
Particular attention should be paid to the quality of wood. It is best if it is oak. As practice shows, wooden elements made of oak serve for many years. But even if handrails from other wood are purchased, make sure that it does not have cracks so that it is treated against fungus and pests. Otherwise, the handrails will only bring additional trouble.
In the process of attaching the handrails to the wall, it is necessary to ensure that no cracks or gaps form. Then the structure will be pressed as tightly as possible to the wall, which will prevent the appearance of insects in the cracks, as well as increase the rigidity of the mount itself.
Wooden handrails must be absolutely smooth. This will greatly affect their safety. It is also important to achieve smoothness at the joints if the handrails are made of several planks. To do this, it is recommended to use special adapter covers that will close the joints. There should also be no nicks on the edges. The ideal option is rounded handrails.
It is necessary to choose the shape of the handrails based on the design features of the flight of stairs. So, if the staircase is small and absolutely straight, then straight handrails will do. In the event that the staircase has a complex shape and numerous transitions, it is necessary to give preference to curved or stepped handrails. Remember that the handrails on the wall and on the stairs themselves must also match.
The width of the railing should be such that even a child can easily grab it with his hand. Otherwise, the design will not have the necessary functionality. At the same time, the height at which the wall handrails will be located should be about 90 cm. It is quite enough for the convenience of people with both short and tall people moving up the stairs.

Mounting Features

Wall mounting of the handrail can be carried out in different ways. For fast and high-quality work, you need to follow the basic rules. After all, each type of fastening has its own requirements. Consider the main features of fastening wooden handrails to the wall.

Base fixation

The most popular method that is often used to fasten wooden railings to the wall near stairs is to fix the wooden planks to a pre-prepared base. There is nothing complicated here, if you follow the principles.

So, first you need to make markings on which the base will be attached. If the staircase is complex, then it is best to invite a master for this purpose, who will help to do the job accurately and without distortions. Further, according to the markings, a thin wooden or metal plank is attached to the wall, which will serve as a base. Fastening is carried out using self-tapping screws or bolts - depending on what material the wall is made of. Please note that wooden wall handrails can only be attached to load-bearing walls in this way!

After the base is ready, it remains to fix the main element on top of it - the handrail. Everything is much simpler here. You need to fasten the handrail, fixing it with screws. If necessary, small special overlapping strips are installed at the joints, which will make moving up the stairs as safe as possible and add additional decorativeness to the railing.

Fastening railings to wall posts

Another method is to fasten wall-mounted wooden handrails to racks, which are additionally installed in close proximity to the wall. This method is already suitable for walls that are not load-bearing, since all the main load will fall on the vertical racks.

This video shows the process of making a handrail mount:

It is best to install handrails according to the principle of screwed loops. It is done like this. First, markings are made, after which vertical balusters are placed, which are securely attached to the floor. The distance between the balusters and the wall should be 4-5 cm. Approximately every 30 cm, it is necessary to additionally fix the balusters not only on the floor, but also against the wall. It is best to do this with the help of special metal corners. When the balusters are finished, proceed directly to the fastening of the wooden handrail.

To do this, the railings are put on the balusters so that the first are firmly planted on the threaded studs, connected to each other by hinged elements. Now it remains to fix the fasteners on the thread with screws or simply tighten them (depending on the type of connecting elements). Hats can be closed with special wooden linings. Be sure to check everything by level to avoid distortions. When the railing is already fixed to the wall, it will be very difficult to fix everything.

This video shows the process of attaching a wooden wall railing:

So, how the wall fastening of a wooden handrail is carried out, now it’s clear. By following simple rules, you can do it quickly and efficiently. Further service life will largely depend on the loads and quality of the base material.