What is a vibratory rammer. How to make a vibrating plate for soil compaction with your own hands How to make a vibrating plate with a conventional engine

Recently, the high cost of construction equipment has prompted the owners of summer cottages and houses to make it on their own.

Having certain technical skills, hard work and perseverance, craftsmen easily cope with such a task.

What is a vibratory plate for?

A conventional vibrating plate is designed for compacting sand, gravel and other bulk materials.

Due to the effect of vibration, the soil does not sag under the influence of loads. This is especially important to achieve maximum adhesion of paving slabs, concrete mix or pavers to the ground.

For domestic purposes, this type of ramming is an indispensable tool when working on a small area, when the use of special equipment is impossible.

Landscaping of household territories, including the improvement of paths and previously dug areas, is carried out exclusively with the use of a vibrating plate.

There is a huge selection of vibrating plates on the construction machinery market. They differ in weight, power, work surface area and other parameters.

However, the prices for equipment are quite high, and this prompts many to make a vibrating plate with their own hands.

Benefits of a self-assembled vibratory plate

Fast assembly. If you wish, you can make a vibrating plate in five hours. Alteration of the vibration unit is included in the work.
Work safety. The owner isolates vibrations by himself, which allows him to be sure of the proper quality of the stove.
Ease of operation. The device compresses itself, you just need to determine the direction of movement.
Possibility to install uninterrupted power supply. With the help of a fan removed from an unnecessary server, the cooker is equipped with a continuous energy source.

What the vibrating plate consists of

Before you start making a vibrating plate with your own hands, you need to draw up a drawing of it. To do this, you need to know what parts the technique consists of.

Any modern vibrating plate consists of several elements:

Working plate.
Frame.
Vibrating unit.
Engine.
Transmission.
Suspension system.
Control mechanism.

Working plate is made mainly of cast iron, and its characteristics are determined by the quality of this material.

Poor quality cast iron can crack when handling sand and gravel mixtures.

These types of soil contain small stones, which, during the compaction process, act in a point on the surface of the slab.

The dimensions of the work surface are also important. When the slab has the correct geometry, its platform is capable of self-cleaning without leaving any soil residues on it.

The smaller the surface of the work plate, the better the soil will be compacted.

Therefore, when making a vibrating plate with your own hands, it is better to make a surface of a smaller area, if this does not reduce the vibration properties.

Vibrating unit is attached to the plate, therefore, all connections and fasteners must be assembled especially carefully.

All parts must be made of high quality and durable materials. A high vibration index and a certain weight of the product set the level of impact on the ground.

Stuffing box vibration unit must prevent the flow of lubricant, keep out dust and dirt, and also withstand prolonged loads.

Vibrating unit drive carried out by transferring energy from the electric motor.

For better work in vibration machines, an internal combustion engine is used, which has maximum power and carries out ramming in any conditions.

What homemade vibrating plate is right for you

Three types of plate compactors - petrol, diesel and electric- differ in the type of engine used. Each of them creates vibrations of different power and is used in many areas.

However, the most popular is a self-made gasoline vibrating plate.

Diesel stove is a powerful device with a long working life. It is used mainly for large-scale road works and most often is not suitable for the arrangement of personal and summer cottages.

The use of an electric compactor has a limited radius. It connects to a power source, which means it directly depends on its location, as well as on the length of the cord.

Therefore, this technique is used to work in enclosed spaces. In this regard, the manufacture of an electric vibrating plate with your own hands is not always justified.

Reverse and straight rammer

Vibratory plates differ in where and how they are directed during operation.

The vibratory rammer has two strokes:

straight;
reverse.

Plates with forward motion can only move in one direction, that is, they practically act as a conventional roller.

If it was not possible to compact the soil the first time, a systematic repetition of the work is necessary, which significantly increases the time spent.

The reverse vibratory plate can move in any direction, which increases the efficiency of the vibratory rammer and reduces the time required. The reversible method is also used for heavy boards weighing over 100 kg.

It is difficult to unfold such a plate for re-ramming, especially if the work surface is limited.

Surface

Before making a homemade vibrating plate, it is necessary to analyze the intended ramming surface. If the instrument is to work on colored surfaces, an increased vibration frequency will be required.

Sand, gravel and crushed stone are compacted most effectively with just such a plate.

If the work surface consists mainly of soil deposits, then a plate with a high vibration amplitude will help to facilitate the operator's work.

The higher the amplitude, the better and easier the compaction of the soil takes place. But this homemade plate has a significant drawback - the need to install a shock absorber system.

Focus on vibration amplification

The degree of soil compaction directly depends on the vibration amplification of the technique. A light machine is not designed for compacting asphalt if its weight is between 60 and 80 kg.

The vibration gain of the homemade vibrating plate below does not exceed 18–20 kN, which means it is ideal for compacting tiles, crushed stone, sand and gravel.

Making a homemade vibrating plate

Any plate compactor cannot work without a motor. For small work in the country and in the personal plot, a regular platform vibrator with a power of 220 V is suitable.

Ideally, the IV-98 engine should be used: it copes well with an average load, has an operator-controlled vibration force and can work for several hours in a row.

Its cost starts at 7,000 rubles. But it is always possible to remove the old engine from unused systems.

In order to create a base, a metal sheet is suitable, which can be purchased from any company that sells rolled metal products.

The thickness of the sheet should be at least 8 mm, and its length and width should not exceed 80 and 45 cm, respectively.

The base surface of the vibrating plate must be flat, weighing at least 50 kg.

You will also need a metal plate to act as the sole. It is fixed to the working base from the bottom side.

Do not take a sole that is too thick - 5 mm is enough.

The vibrating plate should not burrow into the rammed soil, so the edges must be bent. To do this, using a grinder, cuts with a depth of no more than 5 mm are made 10 cm from the edge.

The edges are bent with a hammer, to the inside by about 25-30 degrees. To strengthen the structure, the cut points are strengthened with a welding machine.

The motor is now attached to the base. To do this, mark the surface of the working plate, selecting suitable places for fastening the bolts.

Holes are drilled, threads are made and studs are screwed in. Channel bars are installed. And only then, with the help of a level, the engine is installed.

To move and adjust the position of a homemade vibrating plate, you need a handle. It is fixed to the base of the working plate using two welded bolts. The handle is put on the bolts and reinforced with nuts.

To dampen the vibration of the handle from a working device, use ordinary silent blocks for a car.

For high-quality compaction of the soil, two tubes are welded onto the base. A tank with water is attached to one of them above the stove, and a hose is connected to the other, which goes out to the sole. This allows the sole to be wetted before starting the tamping process.

However, care must be taken not to spill water on the motor, otherwise a short circuit may occur.

The homemade vibrating plate is ready. With its help, you can compact the soil to a depth of 10 cm and work without interruption for up to three hours.

Using a homemade vibrating plate

After assembly, it is necessary to check whether the hob is functioning normally. To do this, the device is inspected for damage and chips, the fasteners and all elements are checked.

If there are no visible signs of deformation, the device is connected to the network and a test compaction of the soil is performed.

A do-it-yourself vibrating plate saves a pretty decent amount: the factory version costs about 20,000 rubles, while the cost of a self-assembled tool does not exceed 10,000 rubles.

However, you have to put up with minor drawbacks such as constant adjustment, tuning and maintenance.

The cleanliness of the slab plays an important role. A dirty surface and clogged cuttings will contribute to unwanted heating of the engine.

Therefore, thorough and timely cleaning is a guarantee that the homemade vibrating plate will do the job efficiently and will serve you for a long time.

We bring to your attention a video from which you can learn how to compact the soil with the help of a homemade vibrating plate:

Types of vibrating plates
Instructions for operating the device

A homemade vibrating plate can be constructed from scrap materials, if the master has basic technical knowledge and a desire to tinker. In addition, a homemade vibrating plate allows you to save significant financial resources in the process of construction work. When carrying out construction work, the homeowner is faced with the problem of good soil compaction. Soil preparation for construction work is the most important stage of construction: the durability of the entire structure largely depends on the quality of soil compaction.

Making such a homemade product as a vibration rammer allows you to process small areas. Such areas include:

trenches;
ditches;
cellars.

With the help of the device, you can lay out paths, create sidewalks and small areas near the house. In addition, the vibratory rammer can be used to compact the soil when laying various communication systems and when installing drainage systems, as well as when installing poles and columns. The rammer can be designed using a gasoline or electric engine.

Types of vibrating plates

Today there are 3 types of vibrating plates:

electrical;
diesel;
gasoline.

The main differences between these types of devices are the types of drives for creating vibration and the power of the installations. So, the most powerful device is a unit with a diesel drive, in addition, the device has the longest working life. The use of devices with an electric drive is limited by the location of the power source. Most often, such devices are used in limited areas. The limitations of using a power tool can be circumvented by using a gasoline generator to power the power tool.

Vibratory plates may differ from each other in the direction of movement in the process of work. The device can have a direct and reversible stroke type. The use of a unit with a reversible stroke type makes it possible to move the unit in different directions. This design of the unit makes it possible to significantly increase the efficiency of work. Most often, the speed of movement of the device is up to 30 m per minute. Plates with a straight stroke type can only move in one direction, which requires, if necessary, re-compaction to move the device to its original position. When using this design, the time spent on work increases.

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Main characteristics of vibrating plates

Common to all types of vibration units are such characteristics as compactness and the implementation of oscillatory movements due to the use of a vibration exciter.

The main characteristics of vibrating units are:

vibration frequency;
the amplitude of the oscillatory movements.

When preparing for assembling a vibrating unit with your own hands, you need to take into account which surface is planned to be compacted. When tamping sand, gravel or crushed stone, it is recommended to use devices with a high frequency of vibration movements, and when preparing the soil for construction, one should focus on the amplitude of the vibrations performed by the device. The higher the amplitude, the more efficiently the compaction of the soil is carried out. When making a homemade device in its device, it is necessary to provide for the installation of a shock-absorbing system, which makes it possible to significantly facilitate the work. Depending on the weight, the devices can be divided into light and heavy. Light attachments can weigh up to 100 kg, while heavy attachments can weigh up to 900 kg.

Before starting the design, you should decide on the choice of a drive for a vibration device.

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Choosing a drive for a homemade vibration unit

In the process of choosing an engine to create a homemade vibratory plate, one should be guided by the following principles:

an electric plate compactor has limitations due to its attachment to a power source;
the diesel installation has a lot of weight and power, which are very rarely required when carrying out work in an ordinary household.

The best option is to make a vibration device with your own hands using a gasoline drive. The main advantages of using this device are as follows:

mobility;
unpretentiousness;
availability of sufficient power;
high performance.

The use of a vibration device with a gasoline drive allows compaction of all types of embankments and soils.

In addition, with the help of such a device, asphalt compaction can be carried out. A single-cylinder two-stroke engine is perfect for the design of the unit. The centrifugal force generated by such a motor reaches 30 kN.

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Making a homemade vibrating unit with a gasoline drive

For the manufacture of the unit, you will need to prepare the following materials:

gasoline drive;
metal sheet having a thickness of 8-10 mm and a size of 800x450 mm;
2 pieces of channel;
M12 bolts for mounting a gasoline drive;
pipe with a diameter of 15-25 mm for making a handle;
shock-absorbing cushions from a car engine;
wheels.

In the process of carrying out installation work, you will need the following tools:

welding machine and electrodes;
Bulgarian;
electric drill;
hammer;
cutting wheels for grinders;
protective glasses.

After the type of drive used in the device has been determined, you should start making a working surface with a frame. To make a platform for a vibrating plate, you need to take a prepared sheet of metal and, using a grinder, make cuts at a distance of 100 mm from the edges. The depth of the cuts should be 5 mm. After that, the metal is bent along the notches with a hammer. The bend angle should be 25-30 degrees. The bending of the edge of the metal sheet is required so that the slab does not burrow into the ground. To ensure the immobility of the ends in places of bending, they are welded by welding.

The next stage is the adjustment of the channels. This is done so that they do not protrude beyond the edges of the work plane. Finished channels are welded to the working plane at a distance of 7-10 cm from each other. The channel bars must be welded with high quality, since the integrity of the entire structure depends on this. After installing the channels, proceed to the installation of the engine. For this purpose, holes are prepared in the channels using a drill. The motor is fastened with M12 bolts. Having installed the engine, proceed to the installation of the handle. The fastening of this element is carried out using shock-absorbing cushions. This is required to relieve the stress on the hands of the operator of the device.

After the construction of the house, the turn invariably comes to improve the dacha: to make garden paths, organize a patio area, etc. And whenever you are faced with the high cost of the necessary materials and equipment, you think about whether to try to make them yourself. Participants of the forum "House and Dacha" share their experience of their creative experiments.

Vibrating table

Many householders think that buying special equipment "at a time" and even more so, making it yourself is a troublesome and unnecessary business: it is easier to ask friends or rent it. As soon as realsystem decided that he needed a vibrating table to build a pair of winding paths across the entire six-acre plot and a parking lot for a car of 30 square meters, he began to study information on how to build blocks.

The main reason for such a bold decision was the high price of materials. He planned the tiles with a size of 40x40 or 50x50 cm and a thickness of 60-70 mm, with reinforcement. The table was made without drawings, in just a couple of weeks. We used cuttings of a 40x20 pipe, a sheet of 2.5 mm, a pair of 10 mm plates and an old vibrator, bought for 500 rubles, with dimensions of 1050x550 cm.

The realsystem placed the movable part of the table on six cargo valve springs with cuttings of a rubber hose inside them. The springs are in the glasses. In addition, he secured the tension springs along the perimeter. After the test switch-on, the first defect appeared: the sand was collected closer to the center, shifted to the far right side and poured onto the floor, because the table was not set up and was on an uneven floor. The owner concluded that it was necessary to make a side.

The table legs were made of 40x40 pipe. The first pancake is lumpy, because they turned out to be crooked due to overheating. The realsystem tiles are made of screened concrete using masonry mesh.

To get white tiles, you can mix white cement (more expensive than usual) with marble chips.

Another forum member, tarasiki, did a little simpler: he made a table without springs (their functions are performed by wood) and a vibrator, replacing the latter with a motor from a washing machine with an "eccentric". Among the shortcomings of his product, the forum member notes the small area of the table; you also need to fix the frame to the floor. As a composition for the manufacture of tiles, he takes one part of the 400th Kramatorsk cement, one part of river sand and three parts of crushed stone.

Budget rammer from improvised trash

Peter_1 regretted spending money on renting a vibrating plate for filling under the foundation. Rummaging in the garage, a ferrous metal collection point and a nearby car service, he found everything he needed: a drum from a desktop woodworking machine, a motor from a washing machine, a piece of metal 5 mm thick, pieces of a 30 mm corner piece, a bunch of various rubber supports from vehicles, scrap metal 2-3 -4 mm, a piece of hairpin 12 mm and a couple of freon cylinders. I also got hold of a piece of wire, a switch and a starting capacitor for the motor. I bought only a belt and two pillows from the VAZ checkpoint for 600 rubles.

A pack of electrodes, five hours of work with a welding machine, a grinder and a drill, a few alterations of the vibrating unit, and this is the result - a vibratory plate that compresses small layers of sand quite acceptable. With the help of homemade equipment, a pillow was tamped under the garage foundation and work began on the foundation for the house.

The design of the vibrating plate is quite simple: the horizontal container for the weight is filled with concrete, the vertical one is made for water. The front tube has 12 Ø 1.3 mm holes. A drum from a planer is used as a vibrator. Peter_1 cut off half of it with a grinder, in the second half he installed two lead weights.

results: Vibration does not reach hands due to triple vibration isolation. In addition, a heat insulator from refrigeration units is put on the handles. The rammer, while working, moves forward by itself, at 60-80 cm per minute, it only needs to be guided. Because the owner considered it unjustified to use a double reverse-stroke and two vibration mechanisms, the plate has to be turned so that it moves in the opposite direction.

Also, one interesting and useful feature of the equipment was revealed: during operation, the vibrating plate swings a little to the right and left, especially when the rammer reaches the required density. This is a signal that the car needs to be moved to a new location.

After operating the rammer, Peter_1 opened several disadvantages, which he plans to fix in the future. The first turned out to be a weak fastening of the ballast. The member of the forum plans to strengthen the clamps and make them on a collapsible clamp, and not on a welded joint - the plate can be moved disassembled. For this, the upper platform, together with the ballast and the water tank, was made removable, but practice showed that it was necessary to make the ballast removable directly.

The owner concluded that the ballast should be moved closer to the middle of the slab, and not placed in front - so that the slab would not burrow when cornering. For the same purpose, you need to raise the front "ski" of the rammer. It is also necessary to better protect the vibratory drum with a casing, because crushed stone of small fractions enters the mechanism and flies out from there at high speed.

Another improvement should be improved engine cooling: at temperatures above +35 ° C, you have to stop after every 40-50 minutes of operation to cool the engine. As one of the options, you can attach an axial fan or a cooler from the server.

The forum member Tim1313 used such materials: platform vibrator IV-98E, UZO for it, a cast-iron bed from a Soviet drilling machine, jet rods with silent blocks from Soviet cars and a stainless steel sheet 6 mm, 45x70 cm.

Sequence of work: we fixed the vibrator on the bed (drilled holes, cut the threads, screwed in the d12 bolts), made a handle and attached it to the bed through the silent blocks. With the help of a self-created press, the base of the vibrating plate was attached. Then, two plates were welded perpendicularly to secure the drive bed to the base: four holes were made and secured with d10 bolts. The finished rammer was painted.

For sprinkling the sand, you can provide for the attachment of the canister.

Result: speed - 6-7 m / min. During the day, 10 cubic meters of sand was rammed, in layers of 10 cm. The quality of ramming: footprints are barely visible when walking.

Minuses: strong vibration that appears and disappears, because of this, at the end of the day, the joints of the fingers, wrists and elbows hurt. In addition, four hours after the start of the rammer, the purchased RCD stopped turning on. The problem was solved with the help of an ordinary socket, since the handle was attached to rubber silent blocks.

Based on materials from the participants of the forum "House and Dacha"

Publication date: 28-04-2015

All about homemade vibratory plates

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Types of vibrating plates
Vibratory plate operating rules

Surely, those who faced the construction of a house or summer cottage, at the final stage, had to equip the adjacent territory (personal plot). As a rule, the main part of such work is related to the improvement of paths and sites previously dug for various communications. First of all, the quality of this kind of work is related to how flat the soil surface is. So, for example, in order to ensure maximum adhesion of paving slabs, when laying it, the soil must be well compacted and leveled.

After installing all the elements, the base is leveled and rammed with a vibrating plate.

For such areal works that do not allow the use of special equipment on the site, a vibratory plate is best suited. It serves precisely for tamping the soil, regardless of its type, and allows it to ensure its fairly high density. Although there is a fairly large selection of vibrating plates on the market, sometimes it is the price that stops many owners from purchasing it.

At this very moment, the question arises: is it possible to assemble such a plate yourself? By and large, any person with minimal technical knowledge is able to master this task. You should not rush to immediately look for drawings and recommendations for its manufacture - first of all, you need to decide whether you need it all the same or not. Of course, if it is necessary to tamp 100 square meters on the site, then such a homemade stove will be an indispensable assistant, but if it is only 10 square meters of path to the house, then you should not waste time making it.

If, nevertheless, the decision is made in favor of homemade products, it is necessary to carefully disassemble what types of vibrating plates exist.

Types of vibrating plates

After tamping the base, we proceed to the installation of the curbs. First, you need to install all the curbs and only then prepare the base for tamping and laying.

Currently, vibratory plates are presented in three types: gasoline, diesel and electric. As is clear, their main difference is the type of engine used to create vibration and, accordingly, their power. Gasoline vibrating plates are most in demand in our time. So, a diesel vibrating plate, in comparison with a gasoline one, is distinguished by its increased power and a long service life. But this is absolutely not required when building a private house or summer cottage. As for electric vibrating plates, their use is limited primarily by the presence and location of the power source. They are used, as a rule, in closed rooms. The only way to remove this limitation is to use an electric vibrating plate together with a portable gasoline generator. At the same time, this will require additional costs, which makes them uncompetitive.

Vibratory plates differ depending on the direction of movement when performing work. The vibratory rammer can be with direct or reverse motion. The reverse vibrating plate allows you to move in different directions, which significantly increases the efficiency of pavement ramming, in general they have a movement speed of up to 30 m / min. In contrast to such slabs, slabs with a straight course move in one direction and require, if necessary, repeated passage of the rammed section. Their action is similar to a regular ice rink.

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The main characteristics of vibrating plates

The metal base for the vibrating plate can be made from sheet metal 8 mm thick and 80 cm by 45 cm in size.

All vibrating plates have common characteristics, such as compactness, and the fact that the vibrations of the plate are carried out due to the vibration exciter.

At the same time, the quality characteristics of vibrating plates include:

Vibration frequency.
Amplitude of vibrations.

When preparing for the home-made construction of a vibrating plate, you need to take into account the fact which surface will be tamped. For ramming on colored surfaces, such as sand, gravel, crushed stone, a vibratory plate with a high vibration frequency will be most effective, but when preparing the soil, you need to focus on the amplitude of vibrations. The higher the vibration amplitude, the better the soil is rammed. In particular, in a homemade vibrating plate, it is necessary to provide for a shock-absorbing system, which will greatly facilitate and make the operator's work comfortable.

Depending on the weight indicators, vibratory plates are divided into light, with a weight of up to 100 kg, and heavy, the weight of which does not exceed 900 kg.

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Choosing an engine for a vibrating plate

If the vibrating plate is placed on a flat surface, the two diagonal corners will be raised by about 2-5 mm.

When choosing an engine for a homemade vibrating plate, we will be guided by the following:

An electric motor will not work, since all work will be tied to the location of the power source.
A vibrating plate with a diesel engine will turn out to be quite heavy, and its power is unlikely to be useful in an ordinary farm.

Based on this, the most optimal in this case is a gasoline engine. Its main advantages are its mobility, unpretentiousness and the availability of sufficient power and performance. The vibrating plate with a gasoline engine is perfect for compacting all types of embankments and soils, as well as asphalt and paving slabs, regardless of their volume. The centrifugal force generated by the gasoline engine is 30 kN. For a homemade vibrating plate, a three-stroke, one-cylinder engine is suitable. With regard to reliability, the highest quality motors are from the manufacturer Honda. Engines of this brand, although in the price range and more expensive than many Chinese counterparts, are at the same time cheaper to maintain. Engines of this brand are currently the most in demand, so there will be no problems finding spare parts and they will be repaired almost everywhere.

Materials required for manufacturing:

Gasoline engine (area vibrator) - 1 pc.
Sheet metal 8-10 mm thick (80x45 cm) - 1 pc.
Channel - 2 pcs.
M12 bolts for engine mounting - 4 pcs.
Handle tube (Ø 15-25 mm).
Car engine cushions - 2 pcs.
Wheels - 2 pcs.

Required tools:

Welding machine.
Bulgarian.
Drill.
Hammer.
Cut-off wheels - 2 pcs.
Electrodes.
Scribe (chalk).
Roulette.
Protective glasses.
Welding mask.
Roulette.

Recently, the high cost of construction equipment has prompted the owners of summer cottages and houses to make it on their own.

Having certain technical skills, hard work and perseverance, craftsmen easily cope with such a task.

What is a vibratory plate for?

A conventional vibrating plate is designed for compacting sand, gravel and other bulk materials.

Due to the effect of vibration, the soil does not sag under the influence of loads. This is especially important to achieve maximum adhesion of paving slabs, concrete mix or pavers to the ground.

For domestic purposes, this type of ramming is an indispensable tool when working on a small area, when the use of special equipment is impossible.

Landscaping of household territories, including the improvement of paths and previously dug areas, is carried out exclusively with the use of a vibrating plate.

There is a huge selection of vibrating plates on the construction machinery market. They differ in weight, power, work surface area and other parameters.

However, the prices for equipment are quite high, and this prompts many to make a vibrating plate with their own hands.

Benefits of a self-assembled vibratory plate

Fast assembly. If you wish, you can make a vibrating plate in five hours. Alteration of the vibration unit is included in the work.
Work safety. The owner isolates vibrations by himself, which allows him to be sure of the proper quality of the stove.
Ease of operation. The device compresses itself, you just need to determine the direction of movement.
Possibility to install uninterrupted power supply. With the help of a fan removed from an unnecessary server, the cooker is equipped with a continuous energy source.

What the vibrating plate consists of

Before you start making a vibrating plate with your own hands, you need to draw up a drawing of it. To do this, you need to know what parts the technique consists of.

Any modern vibrating plate consists of several elements:

Working plate.
Frame.
Vibrating unit.
Engine.
Transmission.
Suspension system.
Control mechanism.