How to attach a balcony on the second floor: useful tips and instructions. Balcony on the first floor - everything you need to know about building Suspended balcony on the second floor

Balconies, although they are a very functional and indispensable part of the apartment, but still not all houses are equipped with them. Often there are layouts where the balcony is simply absent. But do not despair - the balcony can be designed with your own hands.

Let's consider in more detail all the details regarding the construction of balconies, as well as the main stages of insulation, decoration and arrangement.

Construction options and designs

You can make a balcony with your own hands, and it is not as difficult as it might seem at first glance. First, you need to decide on the functional value of the building, on the basis of which both the size of the balcony and the place where it will be located will be determined.

The location of the apartment on the ground floor provides a unique opportunity to simplify the construction - the base of the balcony can be supported by stable columns. There are also several pleasant bonuses in the form of building a large cellar or even a separate entrance to the apartment.

The construction of a hinged balcony may be impossible due to the threat to the integrity of the facade and the entire structure of the dwelling, therefore, the concrete base should be made with a separate fastener and additional supports supporting it from below.

Fasteners can be designed both in the horizontal version, where the lower and upper parts are simply attached to the facade of the house, or have corner supports, which, in this case, are the best, most secure, option.

How to get a building permit?

Hand-made construction of a balcony will not be possible without obtaining the appropriate permission. It will be necessary to collect a package of certain documents and provide them to the necessary authorities.

List of documents required for building a balcony with your own hand:

Apartment plan and living quarters project.
Balcony construction project (it is better to entrust this stage to professionals).
Written and legally certified building permit from neighbors.

Next, you need to contact lawyers for advice and receiving a notification that the construction is completely legal. For illegal construction, the court may impose penalties and demolition of the structure.

After obtaining permission from a lawyer, you will need to contact the BTI on the same issue.

In no case should you neglect legal assistance, since to add a balcony to an apartment on the ground floor, you may also need permission to use the land under it (purchase or privatization).

Project preparation

Before starting construction, it is necessary to prepare an appropriate project in which the main parameters and features of the future construction will be observed and indicated. The balcony is no exception and also needs to be designed.

Consider the features and procedure for designing a balcony:

First of all, before starting the design, it will be necessary to collect some information regarding the functional features of the house itself. It is necessary to clarify whether additional buildings are allowed according to technical data, as well as the parameters that a building may have;
Based on the data obtained, a rough design of the balcony room is carried out, which is necessary for presentation to lawyers in order to obtain a building permit. Further, the project is being finalized, improved and presented in this form to the BTI;
When designing, absolutely everything must be taken into account: the stability of the structure, the severity of the materials to be used, as well as equipping the balcony with appropriate fasteners. In order for the design to be reliable, it is necessary to take into account all aspects and reflect them as accurately as possible on the drawings, according to which the construction will be carried out.

How to make a balcony on a foundation?

Balcony on the foundation, naturally built only in apartments on the ground floor. The structure is rather cumbersome, but its scheme is unlikely to be too complicated.

The construction of balconies of this type is carried out on a strip foundation, which is a kind of closed loop made of reinforced concrete beams. This foundation must be erected under the load-bearing walls and foundations of the future structure.

After the foundation is erected, the marking is carried out, all the necessary earthworks are completed, then a strong frame is welded, the screed is poured, the walls are constructed, glazing is installed, and external and internal finishing works are carried out.

Portable balcony

The external balcony is called the frame of the room taken out to the street. It is a separate part and has nothing to do with the walls of the room, except for the adjacent central wall, in which the entrance is located.

To build a remote balcony, it is necessary to build a frame and take care of the reliability of the fasteners, especially the supporting ones. After the construction of the frame, it will be necessary to build a floor slab, it is best that it be reinforced with reinforcement and made of concrete.

It is necessary to make an open balcony screed for the reliability of the floors.

Good ventilation is necessary to ensure the circulation of fresh air in the room. Few people think about this when building balconies, so it often happens that a damp smell appears in an insulated room, fungal microorganisms develop and windows often fog up.

There are two types of balcony ventilation:

special valves responsible for the supply and exhaust of air, mounted in the frame of the window frame on the balcony;
electric fan.

It is worth noting that the fan system is more powerful.

Balcony in a private house or in the country

Undoubtedly, when building a private or country house, the thought of a balcony involuntarily pops up, because what can be more beautiful than balcony gatherings on warm summer evenings. Let us consider in more detail the options for building balconies in private houses.

Ideally, the base of the balcony is the same concrete slab that should be laid initially during the construction of the house, since this will make the structure more reliable. But there are also options for completing a balcony, the basis of which is based, for example, on columns. Thus, the lower part of the balcony becomes a kind of visor.

It is not at all necessary to build a stone or concrete version, it is enough just to make a solid foundation. The railing of a balcony in a private house may well be decorative - forged or cast openwork, depending on individual preferences.

It is much easier to make a balcony in a wooden country house, both during the construction of the house and to attach it after its completion. The wooden base is supported by vertical beams or corner brackets located underneath.

But you should be careful when choosing wood for the balcony floor - it must be strong and reliable.

How to conduct the light?

Often, balconies are not only insulated, but they also try to equip them with such a functional thing as lighting. But how easy is it to light the balcony without harming the repair and interior of the apartment? Let's take a closer look at the easiest ways.

First of all, you need to decide on the place from which the line will be drawn. There are three options:

apartment panel - the lighting will be powerful, but you will need a large amount of cable, which will have to be pulled, if not through the entire apartment, then through a couple of rooms;
an adjustable box is the best option;
the nearest outlet - a small amount of cable is involved, but the lighting may not turn out as powerful as we would like, since it will be directly related to the operation of electrical appliances in the next room.

The wiring can be either open or hidden. The simplest option is open, the wire can be simply fixed on the walls or hidden in baseboards, corners or a special plastic cable channel.

Conducting covered wiring can be a little difficult with fresh repairs, as you will have to gouge the walls to hide the wires.

How to make a visor?

The canopy is part of a closed balcony, and its functional role is to cover the glass from rain drops and reduce the flow of sunlight entering the room. The first step is to decide on the size of the visor. It is best that its length is slightly longer than the length of the balcony, and the free edge extends slightly beyond the railing. So the visor will be the most functional, protecting the balcony from rain drops.

The next step is to build the bindings. They can be completely different: straight, slightly oblique, or even in the form of a small arc. The main thing is that all fasteners are made of high-quality metal profiles and corners, since when building a balcony with your own hands, reliability and safety are valued above all else.

The construction of the canopy is being completed with a roof. It will be necessary to select the material:

for a straight surface, tiles or slate are suitable, which are often used to cover roofs of houses;
for an inclined surface, the most reliable and lightweight option will be metal sheets, which are also called corrugated board, as well as durable ondulin;
for the arc, bendable metal sheets or polycarbonate are suitable.

Top floor roof

If everything is clear with the middle floors - the roof of the lower balcony is the concrete base of the other one, located on the floor above, then many questions arise regarding the balconies on the last, upper floor, because not everyone knows how to make a roof with their own hands.

There are two options for building a roof on the balconies of the last floors:

Dependent structure construction - a system of fasteners is manufactured, which are the basis and supporting part of the structure. This option is more reliable, since the roof rests on the structure and is well fixed to it.
Construction of an independent structure - no supports and posts are used, and the roof is fixed only to the outer part of the wall.

To equip both structures, you will need metal profiles and corners, foam and large screws equipped with waterproofing gaskets. And for the roof itself, materials such as polycarbonate, tiles or some other roofing materials, as well as various types of steel sheets, are perfect.

It is worth noting that after the construction of the structure, it will be necessary to carefully seal all the cracks in order to prevent moisture from entering during rain.

Warming

When building a closed-type balcony, the main problem may be its insulation, since a cold room will be functional only in the warm season. Let's take a closer look at how to insulate a balcony and its main stages.

The first step is to install insulated double-glazed windows, since with ordinary thin windows, the heat will hardly stay inside the room for a long time. A necessity is waterproofing from the inside of the room, which is made in order to protect the room from moisture.

If desired and necessary, after waterproofing, you can cover the balcony floor with insulating electric mats, which are commonly called "warm floors". It is this idea that will help to heat the premises and regulate the temperature regime in it.

In addition, if finances allow, it is possible to insulate the walls with special foam blocks during the construction process. The material perfectly retains heat inside the room and controls it not abruptly, but gradually cooling.

One of the examples of the insulation of balconies and loggias can be seen in this video.

Finishing

After the construction and insulation of the balcony room, the necessary step is to finish the interior space. In order not to risk it, it is better to provide the external finishing of the balcony to professionals with special equipment and equipment for external work at height.

Interior decoration is made based on personal preferences, the area of \u200b\u200bthe balcony and its type - insulated or cold. For a small insulated balcony, ceramic tiles or high-quality laminate with a protective backing are perfect as flooring.

Anything can be used for wall decoration: from decorative textured plaster to flesilin wallpaper. But if the first option is also suitable for cold balconies with high humidity, then the second is suitable only for dry heated rooms.

For finishing ceilings, they usually use facing paint, whitewash, plastic and wood panels. But, in truth, the most practical and visually attractive is a stretch ceiling, which will not only decorate the interior, but also last for many years.

Arrangement

While some people are engaged in the design of the classic interior of the balcony, others bring to life the most non-standard ideas, turning the balcony into something completely unusual. Let's take a closer look at the most non-standard ideas for balcony designs.

Installation of dense, hermetically sealed double-glazed windows, clapboard finishing and installation of powerful heating elements will help turn the balcony room into a real sauna. Of course, carrying out water procedures in such a room will be impossible, but it is quite suitable in order to warm up properly.

On the balcony, you can create a beautiful lounge area suitable for relaxation and stress relief. For example, you can put soft mattresses and pillows on the floor, and in the upper area decorate the room with fragrant beautiful flowers.

In some residential buildings, balconies on the lower floors are not provided for in the building design. But the desire to increase the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment pushes residents of the 1st and 2nd floors to attach a balcony on their own, and homemade extensions are increasingly appearing on the facades of buildings.

Today, most of the restrictions on the attached balcony have been removed, and it became possible to make the dream come true, and to make an extension on a completely legal basis. Next, we will talk about whether it is possible to attach a balcony with your own hands to an apartment building, how to get permission, what materials to use, and so the same detailed instructions on how to install a balcony from scratch.

Documents

Regardless of whether an unauthorized extension already exists, or you are just planning to start building a balcony, so as not to fall under Article 29 of the RF LC, which obliges to demolish the building and return the room to its original form, it is necessary to collect a package of permits for the attached balcony.

This process is long, but mandatory, therefore, in order for the building to meet all the requirements of the legislation, a few words about how to legalize a homemade attached balcony. This requires:

Certificate of ownership of housing.
Floor plan and certificate from the BTI.
Permission for an attached balcony from the head of the HOA (or other organizations on whose balance the house is located).
Written consent from tenants living above, right and left.
Redevelopment project. To do this, you will need to draw a sketch and make a drawing of the balcony by hand, contact an organization that has a design license, and order specialists to develop a project for an attached balcony.
Coordination of the attached balcony with the public utilities service.
Building permission from the Department of Architecture.
Application for an attached balcony to the district administration.

Construction of a balcony, drawing of the 1st floor:
1 - pegs; 2 - contours of the foundation; 3 - cord;
4 - second floor balcony slab; 5 - first floor window;
6 - brickwork level; 7 - the contours of the balcony door

Based on the approved documents, an order is issued to start construction. Next, you can build a balcony with your own hands or attract specialists. After the construction is completed, a commission leaves for the site, which draws up an acceptance certificate and confirms that the attached balcony fully meets all the stated requirements. On the basis of the received act, since the extension has increased the area of \u200b\u200bhousing, changes are made to the documents on ownership, this fact is recorded in the BTI.

If the construction is planned on a foundation, the development and approval of a project for the allotment of a land plot will be required.

You may be refused if:

The house is located on a central street or is an architectural monument; construction in such buildings is strictly prohibited.
The addition of a balcony will degrade the appearance of the building or cause destruction of the house.
The extension is being built according to an outdated project or the construction technology and materials do not meet modern requirements.
The construction of an attached balcony requires the demolition of the load-bearing wall.
The extension is closer than 2.5 m to the underground utilities.

Building a balcony from theory to practice

The attached balcony has 2 connection principles:

Building on a foundation. Such a balcony can only be made on the 1st floor. This configuration allows neighbors on the 2nd floor to attach a ceiling and make a balcony for themselves.
Suspended balcony - an extension on brackets or a building on a metal frame, with a significant distance from the wall of the house.

Important: An attached balcony above the first floor must be supported on the ground. Only such buildings cannot be fixed to the walls.

Before starting construction, it is necessary to study the drawings and draw up a work scheme in order to transfer the project from paper to the area.

The addition of a balcony on the ground floor on the foundation allows, without affecting the neighbors, to make a wide structure along the entire length of the wall. The base for the balcony can be of several types, we will consider the features of each.

The tape is recessed, it is arranged below the level of freezing of the soil by 20-30 cm. Such a construction makes it possible to dig a full-fledged cellar.

Tape unburied foundation, 50-70 cm deep, construction is possible when the groundwater level is below 1.5 m.

Construction of balconies on the ground floor, construction of strip foundations

Construction on piles, is arranged only to a depth below the level of soil freezing. Piles can be driven or screwed, which is much more expensive.

How to calculate how many piles are needed? According to the SNiP standards, piles are installed at each corner along the perimeter, and the average ones are at least 2 m apart from each other. For example, if the extension is 1.5 m by 3 m, you will need 4 piles in the corners and 1 pile in the middle. Total: 6 pcs. The piles are screwed in strictly vertically, if the pile has gone at an angle, it must be pulled out and screwed in another place.

Balcony project on the first floor, construction on a pile foundation

The columnar foundation can be either shallow, such a building will be cheaper, or buried. The extension is made on asbestos or iron pipes, on pillars of brick, reinforced concrete or reinforcing cage.

Balcony with your own hands, project photo, extension on a columnar base

The construction of any foundation has a specific sequence:

Mark the perimeter of the base on the ground, hammer the pegs in the corners, pull the rope. Check that the corners are correct so that the building does not tilt.
Remove the fertile soil layer. Dig a trench of the required depth under the strip foundation, holes - under the columnar. Piles are driven in or screwed in with a drill.
The bottom is compacted, 10 cm crushed stone is poured, a sand pillow 10-30 cm on top.
A formwork is made of boards, in which a frame made of reinforcement is mounted, a strip foundation can be made from ready-made reinforced concrete blocks. To make the building reliable, before installing the pillars, a layer of concrete 30-40 cm is poured onto the bottom of the pits, pipes are inserted into this pillow.
Further, the structure is poured with concrete.
When the base hardens, the formwork is removed, then the sides and surface of concrete structures are waterproofed with roofing material or bitumen mastic.
Backfilling is carried out. The pillars along the perimeter, along the heads, are welded with a channel.

Concrete gains strength for 28 days, only after that the base can be loaded. The heights of the foundation of the extension and the house must be equal. Construction begins with laying the floor on the foundation, it can be a reinforced concrete slab or wooden logs, which are sheathed with boards from above. Then the hole is hollowed out with a perforator, the balcony block is installed, the slopes are leveled with cement mortar, the cracks are sealed with polyurethane foam. A properly installed door should open into the room.

Next, walls are erected of bricks or blocks, the masonry must be at least 250 mm thick. The height of the front wall before glazing cannot be lower than the level of the window sill. The side walls are usually blank. In fact, this is the construction of a loggia with your own hands, since all the walls are load-bearing. The walls are brought under the upper floor.

Important: The masonry of the walls, so that the building does not collapse, should be tied to the wall of the building every 3-4 rows, for this a hole is drilled in the main wall and the general reinforcement is laid.

If the construction of the balcony continues on the 2nd floor, then a concrete ceiling is laid and the superstructure continues. If the extension is only on the ground floor, then the roof extension is done at an angle from the building. For this, wooden logs are laid or a metal frame is welded on, on which the roofing material is laid. The annex is glazed. Then you can insulate and revet the attached balcony from the inside.

Suspended annex

Suspended balcony extension does not require time-consuming and excludes earthworks. The construction of such a balcony begins with fastening the support. Usually these are specially designed metal corners, which are attached to the wall with the help of anchors, then an extension is made on them - welding of the parapet and the wall frame. To protect the metal from corrosion, it is covered with paint on top. The ceiling is mounted - a concrete slab or a wooden floor with insulation. Then the old window is dismantled and an opening under the door is hollowed out. The slopes are leveled and a new balcony block is installed.

Many homeowners want to make their home even more convenient and comfortable soon after purchasing or building their homes. For example, equip a balcony on the second floor.

In general, the work plan will be as follows:

Consideration and selection of possible design solutions;
Design;
Construction works;
Registration of documentation for the house.

There may be several options for equipping a balcony on the second floor of a detached house:

Installation of a balcony on the site, fixed to the wall on the second floor with brackets;
Extension of the balcony on the extensions of the floor beams;
Extension of a balcony on separate supports (pillars), not connected to the walls of the house;
Extension of the balcony, like the upper room on the wing. This option includes double balconies - simultaneously on the first and second floors.

The choice of possible solutions depends on the characteristics of the building structures of the house and the preferences of the owner.

To determine the capabilities of the bearing walls of the house, it is best to contact the specialists of construction companies. But you can make a preliminary assessment yourself. The evaluation criteria will be:

Material and thickness of load-bearing walls;
Age of construction;
Condition of building elements.

Having examined the house, having studied the project documentation, if any, and the technical passport, one of the following conclusions can be drawn:

1 If the house is built of bricks, the walls are at least 50 cm thick (two standard bricks), there is no damage to the masonry, the foundation is intact, then on the second floor you can attach a balcony of any of the above structures;
2 If the walls of the house are erected from a bar with dimensions of at least 20x20 cm, the house is no more than 15-20 years old, the bar is not damaged by insects-grinders, the floors are in excellent condition, made of beams or recruited from boards, with a cross section of at least 20x10 cm, the foundation has no damage, then an extension on the extensions of the interfloor beams is possible. Variants with separate support pillars and an outbuilding are also relevant. It is advisable to make the same decision if the house is built of foam concrete or aerated concrete blocks;
3 In a house with lightweight frame walls, as well as in the case of walls made of slag-cast (expanded clay) blocks, on the second floor it is possible to add a balcony only using schemes with separate support pillars or additional rooms on its own foundation (wings or verandas).

After choosing an option, you need to make a drawing of the future balcony or the entire structure and make calculations for the required amount of materials. If there is no construction experience, then it is better to order a project in a specialized organization.

To facilitate the further arrangement of the exit to the balcony, it is necessary to design its location where there is already a window opening on the second floor. Another excellent way out would be to add a porch and install a balcony with support on its roof.

Important! Before starting construction or installation work, you need to agree on the redevelopment of the house with control authorities, such as the city architectural department or the housing inspection. Perhaps, additional requirements will be presented in terms of appearance, if the house is located with a facade on the red line of the street. In the future, the approval procedure will help to avoid difficulties with registration of changes in documents for the house.

Tools, fixtures and materials

A general list of the main tools required for the installation of an additional balcony on the second floor:

A standard set of a carpenter-carpenter: hacksaws, axes, a plane, a hammer, chisels, pliers;
Measuring and marking tools: building level, plumb line, squares, tape measure, metal rulers of various sizes, markers and pencils;
Power tools: drill with drills for metal, wood and concrete, screwdriver, angle grinder (grinder) with a set of cutting wheels for metal;
Wrenches for working with threaded connections.

If the project provides for the device of metal brackets or work with metal, then you will need a welding inverter, electrodes and a welder's tool - a mask, clamps, brushes with metal pile.

For the construction of structures with separate support pillars or a separate foundation, a concrete mixer and tools for earthwork should be included in the list of required tools.

The list and quantity of required materials depends on the option chosen and will approximately include:

Lumber, quantity and type depend on the size of the balcony;
Metal profiles - corners, channels, rectangular pipes;
Wooden, concrete or metal poles (pipes) for support;
Screws (self-tapping screws), connecting threaded rods, nails;
Electrodes for welding metal structures;
Cement, construction sand and fine gravel for the installation of support pillars;
Paints and varnishes.

General installation procedure

For a balcony on brackets:

For a balcony on support pillars:

Important! A balcony can only be built against a wall perpendicular to the interfloor beams;

For the balcony on the extension of the floor beams:

Balconies on the roofs of the wings and porches are easier to mount, it is enough to disassemble the roof, replace the rafters with more powerful ones, if necessary, and fix the rough floor of the balcony on them. After these steps, the fence is installed, finishing and installation of the balcony door on the second floor.

Having a balcony helps people expand their apartment area. It is often used as a warehouse for old unnecessary things, drying clothes or other functions at its discretion. But in our time, when, due to technology and furniture, living space becomes scarce, many are thinking about using a balcony as part of an apartment.

Comfortable, warm, functional do-it-yourself balcony

Preparatory work

Do-it-yourself repairs can only be started after all the preparatory work has been completed. First of all, you need to get rid of everything that will interfere. Things that have accumulated on the balcony, old coatings that have become unusable, unreliable partitions - all this needs to be removed.

In the course of work, you should check the balcony slab for the presence of voids and coiled elements. In order to assess the condition of the stove, I advise you to seek the help of a specialist. Then think over the course of work and what you need to do with the balcony room:

glaze;
insulate;
ennoble;
strengthen;
add a lattice;
make major repairs.

First of all, it is necessary to free the balcony from things and clean it from unusable structures and cladding

In the case when you have planned to sheathe the loggia using MDF or lining, it is important to get rid of cracks. For this, polyurethane foam is suitable. If the cracks are closed and the foam has dried, its remnants must be cut off and the sections must be treated with a cement mortar. This is done to prevent the foam from rotting and crumbling due to humidity and temperature. Small holes should be closed with silicone sealant. Before starting work, you should prepare materials and tools.

Materials

In stores selling building materials, there is a wide variety of goods that are suitable for DIY finishing work. With so many materials, choosing the right one can be difficult. One point helps to simplify your task. The balcony is the outside of the building. It has practically no protection from wind and rain. Taking this into account, it is important to provide comfortable conditions directly inside the balcony, as well as to insulate it.

Thermal insulation of a balcony with mineral wool

The most common material for insulating a loggia is mineral wool. Of the advantages, the following properties can be noted:

low thermal conductivity;
soundproofing;
chemical and biological resistance;
refractoriness;
ease of use.

Moreover, it costs no more than other insulation materials. To sheathe everything with cotton you need a space that is created thanks to the finishing material installed on the frame. Therefore, lining, plastic panels or MDF will be ideal for processing a loggia.

The largest percentage of heat comes out through the windows, if they are not airtight. If the glazing is poor, the effectiveness of the entire insulation is reduced to zero. All your efforts and resources will be in vain. Among the different types of glazing, warm glazing is the best option. In this case, metal-plastic double-glazed windows are used. In addition to retaining heat, such double-glazed windows suppress noise, which will be useful for those who live in noisy areas of the city.

Glazing of a balcony with double-glazed windows

Balcony insulation works

It is also easy to carry out floor insulation work with your own hands. Extruded polystyrene foam is most often used. The material is lightweight and dense, adapted to withstand heavy loads and has thermal insulation properties. Using an adhesive, the boards are laid on the floor. It is important that the surface is level. For reliability, dowels are attached. A grid is laid on the plates, after which the floor is poured with a mixture. You can decorate such a floor with anything. Someone is using tiles. But mostly they take linoleum or laminate to make the floor even warmer.

Insulation of the balcony floor with expanded polystyrene

We turn to the insulation of the balcony walls. Most often, when choosing a material, they stop at the lining. Advantages include:

naturalness;
practicality;
profitability;
durability.

Preparation of balcony walls for clapboard cladding

It is noteworthy that if you refine the walls with wood, it will give your balcony a natural look. The lining is installed on the frame. It can be either from wooden slats or from a metal profile. Reiki is often chosen.

In order for the material to be as a whole, the frame itself must be exposed on all planes, in order to avoid a drop or bevel.

Work should start from top to bottom. After fixing the frame, the waterproofing material is laid. Roofing material is well suited for this purpose. It is easy to install and relatively inexpensive. All this can be easily done by hand.

The balcony is tiled with clapboard

Then we fix the lining. There shouldn't be any difficulties. Doing everything carefully is the key to successful styling. Difficulties can only be during the finishing of corners. But thanks to the skirting board, everything can be hidden.

Arrangement and design

At the end of how to do everything with your own hands, it is important to note the interior of the balcony you created. It can be called the most enjoyable kind of work. You can decorate the room for every taste, depending on how rich your imagination is. If you want to use the loggia for relaxation, you will need pieces of furniture. When size allows, you can bring in a small sofa. The table and chairs will also create coziness. Such decoration will be appreciated by each of your guests, especially if you add several plants or crafts that you made with your own hands to the interior.

Functional and compact balcony furniture

Important! Ordinary furniture for such a balcony will not work. It should be compact, transformable and lightweight. To prevent fading, the glass can be tinted or a resistant material can be used.

It is better to curtain the windows. If you do not spare money, you can buy blinds or roller blinds. The presence of a locker, paintings, various decorative elements, candlesticks and a mirror will only decorate the balcony. Some people use this place as their own study or office. It's easy to arrange. To do this, you only need a computer desk and the workplace is ready! In such a room, you can relax, enjoy the view from the window, read a book or just be alone with yourself. One has only to close the door.

Comfortable work area on the balcony

But you need to protect yourself. Such a luxurious office will not be missed by dishonest people, and everything that you have done with your own hands will be in vain. Therefore, if your balcony is on the 2nd or 3rd floor, you need to provide a protective grill in order to avoid robbery and a threat to your health.

Forged items work best. Before installing the grill, you need to measure the slab and the opening. Only after that you need to order the grille of the required dimensions. A damaged or unusable slab should be repaired, as it can collapse under load. In order to make your balcony from the street look aesthetically pleasing, the lattice can be closed with plants. Then it will look beautiful, and the grilles themselves will not be visible.

If space permits, a living corner can be placed on the balcony

After such manipulations, the balcony will be an excellent addition to your apartment and will last for many years. And the realization that it is made with your own hands will make you appreciate it even more.

Balcony in Khrushchev with your own hands: step by step instructions

Usually the owners of private houses set the topic of building a balcony. But often the residents of apartment buildings, where balconies were not provided for, decide on such a construction. If your case is the second, then you will have to run around with the help of the relevant authorities in order to obtain a building permit. Such a building, of course, cannot be unauthorized. But if you start from the fact that all the documents have been settled, there is only the construction site itself, you start your story "balcony from scratch."

How to make a balcony with your own hands: construction options

Even at the stage of coordinating the construction of a balcony with official organizations, you must submit your project for approval. You have two options for building a balcony.

Balcony installation can be done in two ways:

On the foundation... This option is suitable only for those apartment owners who live on the ground floor. You can also attach such a balcony to a private house yourself.
On a suspended frame... The essence of this method is to move the structure forward from the wall of the building and arrange it on a frame made of metal elements, or on brackets.

If your structure will be attached to the second or higher floors, it must have additional supports. It is forbidden to mount an extension only to the wall, because it will not stand.

How to make a balcony in an apartment: do it yourself

Where to start is already clear - take permission and make a project. The next point is the purchase of all materials and tools. Tools can be rented; today, many housing and communal services provide this service for little money.

First moment - installation of a balcony metal frame, which must be firmly tied to the wall with reinforcing rods. For greater reliability, the frame is fixed at the bottom with metal supports. They look like isosceles triangles with a right angle.
The reinforcement belt is laid out inside the balcony frame. Lay the reinforcement so that its ends protrude slightly from the metal frame. We do this in order to then weld the balcony railing to the removed ends of the reinforcement.
Next comes the manufacture of formwork according to the size of the balcony. This is done to shape and install the concrete slab. The formwork rests on beams to the ground or to the building at an angle (depending on the floor).
The base of the balcony is filled with concretebut mortgages are set first.
Removing the formwork, but only after the concrete slab has firmly set.
The metal fence is welded to the mortgagesthat are installed above the concrete surface.
Next comes the installation of the balcony railings. Wooden ones are bolted to the fence, and metal ones can be fixed by welding.
Pour a small screed onto the balcony slab of concreteto get an even floor.
The floor can be further tiled or other material, or just leave it concrete.

Usually the work does not end there, since the balcony can be insulated with your own hands.

Balcony with your own hands (video)

How to make a loggia out of a balcony and is it possible

How to make a balcony, mentioned above, but how to make loggias out of a balcony with your own hands?

Usually this process consists of the following activities:

Conduct an inspection of the balcony, sometimes it is better to call specialists to identify flaws, if any, to conduct a professional audit.
If the need arises, it is necessary to replace (sometimes it is enough just to strengthen the fence) and the bearing plate.
A foam block is often used to erect side walls and a new parapet. It has a low weight, which compares favorably with a brick, and a low weight, accordingly, reduces the load on the floor slab.
After that, the finished room must be glazed. Both wooden and plastic profiles are used for this.

All surfaces must be protected from water before finishing; special films will provide waterproofing. They also insulate, taking into account the characteristics of the material. For example, penoplex is suitable as insulation for tiles. And if you are covering the walls with clapboard, you can use mineral wool.

It is worth saying once again: making a balcony or loggias with your own hands is not the easiest task, in case of any doubt, contact the specialists, and the above activities are just a guideline in work.

Any rebuilding must be coordinated with the authorities controlling these issues.

Diy loggia: drawing and ideas

Creating a loggia with your own hands is a technically complex process that is extremely rarely done completely without the help of specialists. Another question is the transformation of the loggia into a living space, in fact, another room in the apartment.

For this, the loggia must be glazed. A good solution would be to install plastic windows with double-glazed windows. They save heat well, protect from external influences, noise. Usually this work is done by specialists.

As for the drawing of the future loggia, you can find an online service that is engaged in the design of drawings. But this, too, will most likely be just a guideline, and not an exact verified drawing.

Pillars for the balcony: stages of construction

In some apartment projects, a balcony is simply not provided. Therefore, people who want to expand the area of \u200b\u200bthe apartment and acquire an additional room have to build a balcony with the help of builders or on their own.

For the construction of a balcony, the technology of erecting a strip-and-column foundation is used, which is necessary for subsequent construction work.

Construction stages:

Mark the foundation. Stakes and a cord should be used for marking.
Dig a trench and holes for the posts to the desired depth.
Drive in support piles or poles made of pipes or concrete made by yourself.
Tamp the bottom of the trench, covering it with a layer of gravel and sand.
Build plank formwork.
Lay a mattress made of reinforcement, which forms a strong mesh with special cells.
Pour concrete for a month so that it cures thoroughly. Then the formwork should be removed.
The cured material should be covered with insulating material.
Cover the remaining voids with earth.
Tie the pillars with a channel along the upper edge.

During construction, it is important to ensure that the level of the pillars of the balcony and the house should be at the same height.

How to make a balcony a room

A balcony with your own hands can be turned into a room, but it's not just the interior design.

So that the balcony can be called a room, it:

Must be completely isolated from the street and insulated;
Must be glazed;
With complex insulation, such as taking out the battery, all your actions must be coordinated with the relevant authorities.

What could be on the balcony? For example, a mini gym. Popular options are an office, a workshop, a play area, a dining area, a seating and reading area, a library, a greenhouse.

If the balcony is large, then the work is worth it - you can create a small, but separate room with a specific function. And sometimes it is she who is not enough for complete happiness.

Combining a balcony with a room (video)

Arranging a balcony is not an easy task, and its construction requires a lot of knowledge and the same experience. Do not overestimate your strengths, resort to the help of specialists, do not do it at your own peril and risk, observe safety precautions.

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