The procedure for plastering walls in a new house. How to plaster walls correctly: basic rules and secrets

Performing any in a private house or in an apartment, every home craftsman is faced with the need to plaster the walls. If he is not new to this business, then such work will not pose any problems. But what about those for whom this action is full of obscurity? In fact, the process is extremely simple, and today we will try to prove it. After all, only at first glance, everything seems rather complicated - to align the walls, corners. Today we will provide a beginner master with a video on how to plaster walls for a beginner with his own hands, as well as acquaint with the advice of professionals. After all, they once did such work for the first time.

If we think in general, then the question, what is the difference between plaster and, can be answered like this ... in our time, it is practically impossible to find differences! Modern plaster mixes practically do not require "finishing" processing. Although, in fairness, it is worth noting that after finishing with a finishing putty, the surface is still smoother.

Important advice! When in doubt about what to apply, it is best to determine how thick the layer will be on the surface. Up to 10 mm it is quite possible to use putty, over 10 mm - only plaster.

How to plaster walls correctly: technology and some nuances

In order for everything to work out as planned, it is necessary to observe the rules when plastering the walls, which we will now talk about. The main task is to prepare the surface for work, which may differ depending on the material of the wall or ceiling. For example, an operation such as "reinforcement" for a wooden wall is limited to the packing of laths in the form of a net called shingles. For a concrete surface, notches of at least 3 mm in depth are required. Well, a brick wall requires a sample of the mortar from the seams for the same 3 mm.

Also, the preparation process includes cleaning and priming the walls. After all, no one wants all the work done to come to naught. It is the primer that provides good adhesion. It seems to hold together the remnants of dust that could not be swept from the surface. Moreover, if a deep penetration soil is used, then the adhesion will be better.

It is the preparation that is the stage at which all the masters converge, we will dwell on it in more detail. But the plaster itself is done differently by each of the masters. The fact is that each of those who at the moment is a professional in their field, at the beginning of their work, tried many methods and only then settled on one that is convenient for him. We hope that in today's article we will be able to talk about many of them. Of course, they have no fundamental differences, but they diverge in details. We offer the dear reader another video showing how walls:

What tool is needed for plastering walls

Let's try to figure it out. Do not forget that you need to prepare the surface for work. So, in addition to the plasterer, something else is useful to us. But it all depends on the surface with which you have to work. As for the tool, namely the plasterer, here you need to have the following on hand:

Of course, one should not forget about plaster mixes.

How to knead a solution from a dry mix

This action usually does not raise any special questions, but still it is impossible not to mention it. When buying a particular mixture, you should pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions on the package. There is no single recipe for making plaster. After all, each of the manufacturers adds their own ingredients. All that is required for mixing is water. And how much to add it is already written in the instructions. After adding water, the mixture is stirred and left for a while. After, having mixed again, you can already plaster the walls with your own hands with it.

Important! Correct mixing of the plaster is a very important part of a good result. That is why you cannot add more or less water to the mixture than indicated by the manufacturer. If the mass is too thick, it will be impossible to apply the plaster evenly. If it is liquid, it will simply flow down during drying.

How important is the preparation of walls for plastering and how to perform it

Preparing walls for plastering is quite an important point. It must be understood that with poor preparation, there is a possibility of plaster flaking after a certain time. Surely no one wants to see a collapsing wall along with or in a month or two after the completion of the repair.

It is very important that the wall is clean, free of various dust and dirt. We have already talked about notches and shingles - this will allow the plaster to adhere better. Some craftsmen say that it is enough to simply moisten the surface before applying the mixture, but this is not the case. Applying a primer will create much better adhesion. And its cost is low, which means that it will not break a big gap in the budget.

Important! For a regular rough brick, you can purchase a simple primer, but for a foam block and other porous surfaces, it is better to choose a deep penetration composition.

How to plaster walls with your own hands without lighthouses: video instructions and some tips

It is clear that everyone wants to have perfect walls. But it is not always justified to align them with the beacons. After all, for example, it is enough to ensure that the surfaces are visually aligned. It is then that the need for such plastering appears.

The most optimal option for its implementation is when the home craftsman has no experience, he has time, and perfect evenness is not required. It is then that you can do the plastering of the walls without beacons with your own hands. This is a very complicated matter. Even not all experienced craftsmen agree to take on such work. And to make it more clear to the novice master how to level the walls without lighthouses, we offer another video on this topic:

How to plaster walls on lighthouses with your own hands: video and some of the nuances of work

Plastering the walls along the lighthouses is much easier. But here a rather painstaking and difficult task arises - this is to set the lighthouses ideally in level and plumb lines. Remember that if they are not in the same plane, then ideal walls will not work. The fact is that when plaster is applied, it is along them, like on rails, that the rule will move, creating a flat surface between them. In order to make it more clear, we suggest that the dear reader watch a video about aligning the walls along the lighthouses with your own hands:

Surely many have understood how to do this. In general, for beginners, it is much more useful to watch videos of plaster on lighthouses than to listen to someone's advice (although if they are given by professionals, you should not brush it off either). That is why there are so many videos in our today's article. But nevertheless, let us say that without desire and diligence, it is unlikely that something will work out.

How to properly expose beacons under plaster: some nuances

Placing lighthouses under plaster is a complex process that requires care and accuracy. There are two methods of doing this work - these are:

• Plaster of Paris- the most common;
• On special mounts- the method is less common, but not because it is worse (rather the opposite). It's just that such a method appeared relatively recently, and experienced craftsmen perform installation on plaster rather out of habit.

Let's take a quick look at both of these methods.

Installation on gypsum is performed as follows. A thickly mixed gypsum mixture is applied to the wall in small slides along a line from top to bottom. Any distance between them can be made, but it should be borne in mind that the larger it is, the higher the danger of the beacons bending during the leveling of the plaster with the rule. In this case, the surface may be uneven.

Next, the lighthouse is glued to plaster along a plumb line or level. This action is performed on both sides of the wall. After that, it is better to wait for the gypsum under the two main beacons to dry, and only then install the rest. Although the professionals set the guides all at once. Plastering can be done after the gypsum is completely dry.

Well, the second way will be easier to understand by watching a rather short but informative video:

What materials are better to use for this kind of work

Nowadays, the assortment of various mixes for plaster is quite extensive and it is difficult to advise something specific. The choice will depend mainly on the surface and financial capabilities. However, for beginners, it will be most convenient to use the Rotband mixture. But this is only if the area and layer thickness are not too large. This mixture cannot be called cheap. But in work, she shows herself perfectly, lays down smoothly and easily. Although, in fact, this is the same gypsum, with only one difference - quite high quality and containing various quality-improving additives.

In general, the better to plaster the walls in the apartment - everyone decides for himself. Many even use the usual cement-sand mixture. Although this option is not bad because of its cheapness. You can fill your hand on it, and after that you can switch to more expensive plaster. In addition, if a novice home craftsman learns to work with, then "Rotband" will generally be able to work wonders. Consider the areas of application of some of the cheapest mixtures, their positive and negative qualities.

How to plaster walls with cement mortar with your own hands: video tutorial and some features of work

Plastering technologies with different compositions practically do not differ. After installing the beacons, it is necessary to check that all the material is at hand. Agree, it will not be very pleasant if you periodically have to be distracted by this or that little thing.

After wetting the surface between the two beacons with water or a primer, we begin to fill the gap with the ready-made solution. To do this, you can use a bucket or a simple trowel. The mortar is poured onto the wall starting from the bottom. When the gap between the beacons is full, the rule comes into play. Leaning it on the guides, we begin to lift it up, while moving it left and right. Thus, the mortar is leveled, creating a smooth surface. If necessary, in places where pits have formed, add mixtures and repeat all actions.

For clarity, we suggest that the dear reader watch a training video on the topic of plastering walls with cement mortar on lighthouses:

How to plaster walls with gypsum plaster: video instructions for work

The technology for leveling the walls with gypsum plaster is completely identical. However, there is one nuance in working with such solutions - they freeze rather quickly. And if the cement-sand mortar can be used within 2-3 hours, then the gypsum plaster begins to dry in 20-25 minutes.

Important information! In no case should the already dried gypsum be diluted with water. This will lead to the fact that it will dry out worse and subsequently collapse. For this reason, if the master does not have enough experience, he should be bred a little.

Gypsum is a little easier to work with and it is quite convenient to fill the voids with it. But it should be remembered that you should not "throw" too much solution. Otherwise, it can collapse under its own weight, preventing the master from leveling it. It is also important to use a reinforcing mesh with a layer of more than 20 cm. In this case, it will be convenient to "sketch" a small layer of gypsum and draw the rule along the lighthouses. If there are surpluses, the rule will remove them, but it should not touch the main part. After that, you need to let the solution dry and then finish the work.

If you still have any questions, the following video should answer them:

Features of finishing plaster walls with your own hands: video and some of the nuances

The production of finishing plaster walls for painting or wallpaper is the most important part of the job. No matter how smooth the wall may seem at first glance, after priming and painting, scratches and roughness will be visible on it. To eliminate them, there are special mixtures, which are often called fillers. With the help of them, you can achieve perfect smoothness. In order to understand what is the finishing procedure for wallpaper, we suggest watching a training video:

How to plaster walls with your own hands for a beginner: video on applying the mixture to various surfaces

In general terms, we figured out how to plaster the walls with our own hands. Now it's worth learning about some of the nuances of this work. To begin with, we will analyze the areas of application of plaster mixes with their average cost in the Russian markets.

These are the most common plaster mixes, but in fact there are much more of them. Moreover, they are all suitable for either surfaces or wood.

Brick Wall Plastering Instructions

Speaking about plastering brick walls, it can be noted that this process is the most time consuming. After all, the walls require a little more effort for preparation. We offer you a video tutorial on how to plaster a brick wall with your own hands:

Surely novice craftsmen have already realized that this work is not as difficult as it seemed at first glance. And yet, without experience, it is impossible to say that a person knows everything about this work. After all, the plaster of walls made of bricks (like other materials) in each case can have its own nuances. But for a more complete picture, we want to provide the dear reader with a video of work with surfaces and from other building materials.

Nuances of plastering concrete walls

Wooden walls and features of their alignment

How to plaster a wooden wall has already been discussed in general terms. In fact, the work itself is practically no different from the leveling of other surfaces, but the preparation of the wall is different. In addition to shingles, such walls can be reinforced with a chain-link mesh. Many people find this method less labor-intensive and faster. For the rest, the following video can be used to the question of how to plaster wooden walls inside a house:

Another area of ​​work is foundation plastering

Everyone understands that the foundation of the house is necessary. And it doesn't hurt to decorate it. This is what plaster is used for. But this work will be a little longer. After all, there may be cracks in it, and you need to get rid of them before plastering. To do this, they are made a little wider (this can be done using a perforator), all the debris is cleaned out with a brush from the inside, and then filled with polyurethane foam. After drying, the excess is removed.

Next is the usual surface preparation and plastering. Lighthouses are rarely used - it all depends on the wishes of the owner. Well, you can learn how to plaster the foundation of a house with your own hands from the following video tutorial:

Finally

Summing up, we can say that plastering various surfaces is not such a difficult task. Of course, you cannot learn this quickly and without problems, like any other job. But such a skill will certainly never hurt, but it can come in handy at any time and in any place. And not necessarily at home. Perhaps there will be a need to help some of your friends or acquaintances. So it's worth learning. We offer you several photo examples of already completed work with various mixtures:

We hope that today's article was useful for beginners. As questions arise, you can always ask them in the discussions. We guarantee that none of them will be left unanswered.

Plastering - surface restoration for subsequent finishing. At this stage, defects are repaired and the base is leveled. To perform plastering, you must have experience in carrying out this type of work. A team of professional craftsmen is hired. However, a restoration with mortar can also be performed by a beginner. To do this, an amateur should familiarize himself with the videos "Learning to plaster walls: video tutorials", and also carefully study the recommendations below.

Before considering how to learn how to plaster walls (a video instruction will be given at the end of the article), you need to find out whether you need to plaster the surface.

The use of the material is advisable if the surface has cracks, potholes, drops and other defects. In this case, the solution helps to get rid of the imperfections of the building base. However, professionals recommend using plaster even if there are no defects on the surface. The material protects the building base from the destructive effects of moisture and other negative environmental influences.

What should be considered when restoring the base?

Lovers who do plastering the surface with their own hands are advised to consider the following points:

• for the restoration of the building base, you should choose only high-quality material;
• before use, the mixture should be stored in a dry place;
• the solution must be prepared in strict accordance with the instructions.

Choosing a mixture for plastering

Before you learn how to plaster, you need to understand how to choose a material for restoration.

According to the degree of readiness, they are distinguished:

• Ready-made compositions. Such materials do not need to be prepared. The funds are used immediately after opening the package. The disadvantage is the high price.
• Dry mixes. Such a product needs to be prepared. After mixing, the solution is used within half an hour. Because of this, you have to prepare the mixture in small portions and apply the material in several passes. This is the main drawback of the product. The advantage of dry mixes over the finished material is the acceptable cost.

By appointment, the following types of material are distinguished:

• Ordinary composition. Designed for leveling surfaces and masking defects.
• Decorative. Used for topcoating. The material has an unusual texture, due to which it creates an original texture on the surface.

Material classification by composition:

• Sand-cement composition. This is a budget material. The product is easy to apply, but you will need an industrial mixer or drill with a mixer attachment to prepare it. Non-professional finishers are recommended to work with this composition, since the product has an acceptable cost and is easy to use.
• Plaster composition. The material creates sound and heat insulation of the surface, does not shrink and does not crack after hardening. Disadvantage - it absorbs moisture, so it cannot be used for the facade and in rooms with high humidity. The material can be used by non-professional finishers.
• Acrylic material. The operational period of such a coating is 50 years. The product is recommended for use even for beginners.
• Silicone plaster. This is the finished material. The product is suitable for all types of surfaces. The product is easy to apply, does not shrink and has a long service life. However, for beginners who are only thinking about how to learn how to plaster walls, it is not recommended to use such a tool. The product is expensive, so it's better to practice with another medium.
• Silicate composition. Differs in increased strength and resistance to mechanical damage. The product contains liquid glass, due to which it quickly solidifies. For this reason, the material is not recommended for use by beginners mastering plastering work.

Types of dry mix

Varieties of dry mix:

• Simple stuff. The surface difference after shrinkage of the product is 3 mm. The tool is recommended for use in rooms where aesthetics are unimportant. These include warehouses and garages.
• Improved composition. After shrinkage of the material, the surface difference is 2 mm. The material is used to decorate institutions - schools, administrations and other institutions.
• High quality mix. The surface variation after shrinkage of the product is 1 mm. The material is used to decorate residential buildings and apartments.

Required materials and tools

How to learn how to plaster walls is demonstrated by the video tutorial below. However, before starting finishing, you should prepare the necessary materials and tools:

• plaster;
• clean plastic bucket for material preparation;
• lighthouses;
• falcon;
• scraper;
• half-grater and industrial grater;
• trowel;
• rule;
• Master OK;
• level;
• plumb line.

Rules for plastering a building base

If you want to know how to learn how to apply plaster, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with all the stages of finishing.

Room preparation

To prepare the room for plastering the walls, you need to take out the interior items. If the floor covering does not change, then the floor is covered with a film and the material is fixed with boards, bricks or other cargo. It is also recommended to remove the lighting fixtures and cover the wires.

Surface preparation

Instructions for preparing the building base:

• dismantle the old coating;
• tap the walls to reveal unstable areas and get rid of them;
• increase surface defects, treat cracks and gouges with a primer and fill with repair mortar;
• clean the walls from dust and dirt.

Base priming

Priming is a mandatory step before applying the plaster, which should not be neglected. The primer protects the building base from mold and mildew, and also improves the adhesion of the wall to the material. The primer is applied with a brush, roller or spray gun, as shown in the photo below. It is recommended to perform a double treatment of the walls with a break for drying the composition.

Installation of profiles

Rules for setting up beacons:

• step back from the floor and ceiling by 3 cm and 5 cm from the corners of the wall and screw in the self-tapping screws at these points;
• a fishing line is tied to the fasteners vertically and horizontally;
• under the vertical fishing line, the solution is fixed in small areas at a distance of 10 cm from each other;
• a beacon is fixed on the train;
• profiles are fixed along the entire perimeter of the wall in increments of less than 1.5 m.

Preparation of the solution

Only dry mixtures need to be prepared. According to the instructions, the material is combined with water, the solution is mixed using an industrial mixer or a drill with a mixer attachment. The proportions of dry mix and liquid are indicated on the package.

The density of the solution depends on which layer the material is being prepared for. For the first and third layers, a sour cream consistency material is prepared, and for the second - a doughy mass.

Application of the composition

The video in this article demonstrates how to properly apply the solution to the surface. This is done as follows:

• Using a trowel, scatter the material onto the surface. This will be the first layer called spray.
• With a wide spatula, apply the second layer of the mortar - the primer. The material should protrude beyond the profiles. As a rule, level the composition until the solution hardens. Remove excess product with a spatula.
• Apply a third coat of material. This will be the cover.

Completion of plastering

1. After applying the last layer, until the solution has hardened, dismantle the beacons.
2. Fill the voids with a solution and level the composition over the surface with a spatula.
3. Use an industrial trowel to grout the material. To do this, moisten the surface with water, press the tool against the wall and remove imperfections in a circular motion.
4. Apply primer, wait for the product to dry and proceed to decorate.

In order for the finish to serve for a long time, consider the recommendations of the professionals:

• if the surface has a porous structure, then the primer is applied in two layers;
• if gypsum material was used for the restoration, then the surface is trowelled within 4 hours after the completion of the plastering;
• after applying the solution, the profiles must be dismantled;
• if after plastering ceramic tiles are laid, then the material does not need to be carefully leveled and one layer of material can be dispensed with;
• if the walls are being prepared for painting, then the paint and varnish material should be applied 14 days after the surface is treated with a gypsum composition and a month after the application of cement-sand plaster.

You can learn how to plaster using the video tutorial below.

Plastering the surface is a finishing stage that even a beginner can learn to perform. The main thing is to familiarize yourself with the rules for choosing and applying material.

The sequence of repair and construction work must always be carried out in a specific order. In order to properly learn how to plaster walls with your own hands, you will need to know the five steps of this process.

So, let's take a look at these 5 important sequences:

1. Preparatory work for plastering. This includes cleaning the surface (to which the plaster will be applied) by removing old plaster, etc.
2. Preparation, dilution of the plaster mass.
3. Plastering the walls.
4. Mashing.
5. Puttying.

Preparatory work

Anyone can do what is under item 1, since this work does not require special knowledge.

You will need to remove old cracked plaster from the wall.

If this is a log wooden wall, then it will be necessary to align the shingles (glazing beads) there, which are nailed down with small nails. Shingles are wooden slats with a thickness of 5-10 mm, a width of 15-20 mm, and a length along the height of the wall.

Reiki is nailed either vertically or diagonally cross to cross. The distance between them is 20 cm. All the plaster is held on them, so the surface of the rack mesh should be even.

In some places where the wooden batten falls through, it is necessary to insert pieces of the batten until it is completely aligned.

If it is a concrete or brick wall, then there will also be some nuances. On a fairly smooth wall, you will have to make grooves, more often this is done with a chisel. Make grooves from one to two centimeters between the bricks (to facilitate the work, you can first moisten the wall with water).

According to the rules, it is not recommended to plaster a newly built wall, since fresh masonry will still sit down after a while and the dried plaster will crack.

On concrete and brick walls, where there are irregularities, so-called beacons are used, which are usually planted on vetonite.

Preparatory work also includes polyethylene flooring or cardboard flush with the wall. Falling plaster on the floor is inevitable. Mixture that has fallen onto a clean floor without debris can be used.

Dilution of the mixture with your own hands

The proportions should be different for each type of plaster.

If lime-sand plaster is used, the ratio of lime to sand is one to two. This mixture is used for working with concrete walls from the inside.

For stone walls, a plaster solution is diluted, consisting of lime, sand and cement, the ratio of which is 1: 1: 4. For those who are not familiar with the ratio system, I suggest: in this case, 1: 1: 4 means that lime is taken, for example, one scoop.

For plastering wooden walls, a solution containing lime, sand and alabaster is used. Also, first 1: 2 knead lime with sand. After that, alabaster is added to this mixture one to one or half to one with lime (or the same volume as lime, or half as much).

This mixture is suitable for walls with low humidity. Not suitable for plinths, cornices and in rooms with high humidity.

Lime-gypsum mixture. This type of solution is stirred in a small portion, up to 5 liters.

This is due to the rapid solidification of the gypsum. Suitable for stone, brick and wood walls.

The ratio of gypsum and lime is as follows: to 1 scoop of gypsum (already dissolved in water) add from 2 to 5 of the same scoops of lime. In preparing the solution, the following conditions must be observed: first, mix water with gypsum. It is water with gypsum, not gypsum with water.

That is, first you need to pour water, and then pour gypsum powder and mix quickly. The mass should resemble sour cream in viscosity. Next, pour lime into this mass and mix thoroughly.

This solution will keep fit for up to 10 minutes. Therefore, at this time it is necessary to have time to put it on the wall.

The next type of plaster is a cement-lime mixture. The ratios of such solutions are from 2: 2: 12 to 2: 4: 18. That is, in proportion it will look like this: for 2 scoops of cement, use from two to four scoops of lime and from 12 to 18 scoops of sand.

There are two types of cement slurry preparation method:

1. First, lime is stirred in water, then cement is added to the lime mass, after which sand is added. Stir the solution well so that no lumps remain.
2. Stir cement in water. Then lime and sand.

Such a cement-lime mortar is used for plastering external walls, cornices, plinths and inside buildings in places of high humidity.

Another type of mortar is cement-sand. This solution has a good feature: it is very durable and elastic at the same time. The ratio of such a solution is from 1: 1 to 1: 3. That is, one to three scoops of sand are used for one scoop of cement.

And first you need to dry mix the cement with sand, then add water. This is done to prevent the formation of lumps. The proportions of the prepared solution depend on the brand of the purchased cement. If cement M-400 is taken, then the ratio should be made one to four.

This solution is applied to the walls in separate parts where the humidity is exceeded.

You can bring the solution to the desired consistency as follows:

1. If the solution turned out to be liquid, then you can remove excess water by putting a dry ordinary brick there. It will absorb moisture, and the solution will be of the desired consistency.
2. If, on the contrary, the solution is thick, then you can make it ready for use by adding a little water.

We start to apply the mixture

This procedure already requires some skills. The art of applying plaster mortar to the wall is the right thing. It is important to be able to apply the solution with a certain force and sharpness so that it sticks and does not splash and fall.

Correctly applying plaster to the wall can only be done by plastering several hundred square meters and have enough experience.

What about the grout?

The grouting process is carried out a couple of hours after the base mortar is applied to the wall surface, that is, it should already become tough, but not yet set.

This is very important, as starting grout early may cause the base grout layer to slide off. If you are late, it will be very difficult to smear it.

For grouting, use a special board with two handles measuring 20x120x1000 millimeters, you can also use it with one handle. It's called a grater. She needs to make movements in a circle. At the same time, the guide beacons will not allow you to cut off a large amount of solution, the beacons are set strictly according to the level.

The thickness of the applied solution in one step should not exceed three centimeters. Therefore, if a thick layer is important, then it must be made from several layers.

Break between each layer up to two days.

On the walls of houses, that is, directly where they live, plaster is usually applied in several layers:

• the first layer is liquid, it contains cement, it is needed for bonding;
• the next layer (leveling) is thick, should smooth out all errors;
• the third layer is decorative, up to five millimeters thick. For decorative plaster mortar, only fine-grained sand (sifted) is used, and cement without lumps and, if possible, colored. The second layer is rubbed with a grater, and the third decorative layer is rubbed with a grater. The grater is a wooden cloth measuring 20x120x200 mm, has one handle. The working surface of the grater should be lined with felt.

Surface filling process

Even the last decorative layer of plaster will not have a perfectly smooth surface. Therefore, the next step will be puttying, which will prevent the formation of dust on the wall. In a residential building, oil putty is applied with a spatula.

Putty is applied to the wall in a thin layer.

The walls should be putty after a month has passed after applying the main layer of plaster. Walls outside and in ancillary rooms should be putty better with an iron trowel. It would be more correct to iron these walls, as they say.

That is, with an iron trowel (trowel), a certain amount of dry cement is rubbed into the plastered surface previously moistened with water. If you properly plaster the walls in this way, the plaster will be glossy and pleasant to look at, moreover, moisture resistant. Iron should be immediately after the end of the plastering work.

Conclusion on the topic

By choosing the right mix and a little practice, you should be up to the task. Good luck with the repair!

Useful video on how to properly plaster walls with cement mortar:

Plastering walls is a painstaking and difficult job. For its implementation, special compounds are usually used, most often on a gypsum basis. In addition, for a high-quality result, it is very important to observe the correct sequence of the process: it is performed in several stages.

Plastering walls is a matter that requires special knowledge, skills and abilities from the performer. Correct alignment of the walls will facilitate the process of wallpapering and significantly improve the appearance of the room. Such work can be done independently, but more often it is still trusted by the masters. In any case, when carrying out this procedure, you will have to take into account some of the nuances.

WHAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED WHEN PLASTERING WALLS?

To get a high-quality result (perfectly flat walls), you need 4 components of success:

• experienced master plasterer;
• high-quality plaster mix (you need to carefully familiarize yourself with its composition and the manufacturer);
• correct preparation of the solution;
• proper storage conditions for the plaster mixture before starting work (moisture must not be allowed).

In addition, you need to clearly understand the purpose for which the walls of this room are finished with plaster. Plastering walls under wallpaper is a slightly different situation than plastering bathroom walls under tiles. In this case, you need to properly plaster the walls with gypsum plaster so that the main decor (tile or wallpaper) holds.

HOW TO CHOOSE THE RIGHT PLASTER MIXTURE?
The best way to plaster the walls depends on the wallet of the owner of the house, as well as on the characteristics of the room in which repairs are required. In addition, it is important to understand why you need to plaster your walls - for wallpaper, tiles, or just painting.

Which plaster is better to use? First, you need to know that the plaster is dry or wet. Secondly, there are three types of both dry and wet plaster:

• ordinary (actually the composition for leveling the walls);
• decorative (colored, terrazzite or stone);
• special.

The cheapest option is lime plaster... But this option, unfortunately, is short-lived and is only suitable for plastering walls inside a building. The outer part is plastered with a different composition. In addition, lime is absolutely not suitable for the bathroom. The fact is that lime is afraid of moisture.

Main advantages gypsum plasters- good sound and heat insulation. It is a ductile material that rarely cracks. Such plaster dries quickly and hardens. A few hours are enough for this.

Unfortunately, such mixtures are not sufficiently resistant to moisture and mechanical damage. Before plastering the walls with gypsum plaster, you need to study all the features of the room. At the same time, you can finish the walls with Rotband (popular gypsum plaster) even in the bathroom.

INTERESTING!

Cement is a versatile option for plastering walls both from the inside and outside. The main advantages of the material are resistance to moisture and temperature extremes. They can also be used to plaster the walls of the bathroom before laying the tiles. It is recommended to choose it if the owners do not know which dry or wet plaster is better to finish the internal or external walls.

Also, many users are interested in how quickly the applied plaster dries. From this point of view, cement and gypsum mixtures are practical. In addition, on a bag or bucket with a mixture, you need to read at what temperature the mixture dries most quickly.

VARIETIES OF DRY PLASTER
Dry plaster can be:

• simple;
• improved;
• high quality.

The quality of dry plaster is determined by the differences. Normal - with differences of no more than 3 mm, improved - with differences of no more than 2 mm. In the high-quality one, differences of a maximum of 1 mm are allowed.

Simple is usually used to decorate warehouses, basements and other utility rooms, the second is used in public institutions - hospitals and schools. But the walls of residential buildings are finished with high-quality ones.

HOW TO PLASTER WALLS WITH YOUR HANDS?
To know how to properly plaster your walls with your own hands, you can read many tips on the Internet.

However, it all comes down to two options:

• plastering on lighthouses
• plastering without beacons.

Anyone can learn how to plaster walls, although it will be more difficult for a beginner to do this than for a professional plasterer.

When deciding how and what to plaster the walls in the bathroom for tiles or walls of living rooms before wallpapering, it is important to correctly assess the quality of the existing surface.

To plaster the walls yourself, you will need to apply the solution in three layers. The resulting excess is removed with a trapezoidal spatula. You will have to buy it before plastering walls from any material with your own hands.

In any case, the solution must be applied very carefully.

Plastering without beacons
Plastering in a plane (using a rule) is a good option if the walls are relatively flat. If there are serious irregularities on the walls, the performer has no choice but to plaster the walls along the lighthouses. Thanks to the beacon profiles, unevenness is eliminated with an accuracy of 1 mm / m2.

Plastering without beacons Usually metal beacons are used for this, although artificial gypsum can be created. In the second case, you can save the plaster mixture (the layer with iron beacons will be at least 6 mm).

Before plastering aerated concrete walls, you need to make sure that the plaster mix is ​​ideal for them. This material is environmentally friendly, it lets in oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the room, so the choice of plaster should be taken responsibly.

The technologies of how to plaster walls from foam concrete blocks, foam concrete, as well as how to plaster concrete walls, differ little from each other. It is important to choose only the right mixture here. The technologies for plastering wooden walls are also similar.

How to plaster brick walls depends on the location of the surface to be finished. Concrete and other moisture-resistant products are suitable from the outside, and it is permissible to plaster brick walls inside the house with gypsum mixtures.

The technique of how to plaster walls with a cement-sand mortar is similar to the methods of working with any other means for wall decoration. The main thing is to add the required amount of water.

How to plaster walls with lighthouses?
Many users are looking for tips on how to plaster walls without beacons. Here it is necessary to determine the thickness of the layer and the quality of the surface by eye. This method is suitable for relatively flat surfaces. Thus, small flaws are smoothed out.

The plastered walls are already finished with the selected paint, wallpaper or tiles - it depends on the purpose of the room and the wishes of the owner.

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

Everyone who has decided to start self-repairing an apartment, house or other premises ponders this question. Plastering helps to level the surfaces of partitions, walls or other surfaces, making them perfectly even. How to eliminate visible defects on the plane with the help of the mixture?

The better to plaster the walls

Before leveling the surface, you must know how to properly plaster the walls and what kind of plaster is:

1. Regular. It is used for the purpose of leveling the work surface, so that later it can be applied with a thin layer of decorative coating. Ordinary plaster protects the walls from the outside from the harmful effects of the environment.
2. Special. Designed to improve heat and sound insulation of the room. This kind of mixture creates a screening layer on the surface, which protects against X-rays and the like.
3. Decorative. Serves as a finish, increases the aesthetic expressiveness of the structure.

For plastering walls, the following mixtures are often used:

1. Lime-sand mortar. It is recommended for interior decoration, due to the fact that its consistency is less durable, in contrast to a cement-sand mortar. The advantage of this mixture is its environmental friendliness and ease of use.
2. Cement-sand mortar. It can be used for leveling internal and external surfaces. The composition for a relatively low cost can change your brick garage beyond recognition or serve as a basis for tiles in the bathroom. When working with such plaster, you can achieve the correction of significant defects in the walls. If the mortar has been properly prepared and applied to the wall, then the street covering will last for many years.
3. Plaster mix. Suitable for interior decoration. The use of selenite and alabaster guarantees an absolute smoothness of the surface. The plaster mix finishing process is quick and easy. The disadvantage of the coating is its high price and instability against moisture.
4. Magnesian mixture. It is an additional component in the preparation of specialized plaster, with the help of which interior finishing works are carried out.

Wall plastering technology

The person doing the renovation needs to know how to properly apply the plaster to the walls. Then you can already determine the tools necessary for work:

1. The plastering trowel is the main finishing tool, which you cannot do without. Thanks to her, the process of dosing raw materials, mixing, throwing, leveling the solution is carried out.
2. Liter bucket. It is necessary for the dosage of the finishing material and the careful application of the mixture.
3. Half-cuts. They come in various sizes and are intended for leveling the finished surface and grouting the last layer.
4. Lighthouses are reiki-rules, with the help of which the level of application of the solution to the surface is determined.

If all the tools that are necessary for finishing are available, then you can proceed to direct alignment. To do this, you need to know how to plaster walls with your own hands. The process involves:

• Cleansing, moisturizing and thoroughly preparing the walls. If the covering is brick, then the seams should be cleaned, the depth of which will be at least one centimeter. On wooden and cinder-concrete walls, frequent notches must be applied or covered with a reinforced mesh with a cell diameter of no more than five centimeters. It is better to cover the mesh with paint so that it does not get damaged by corrosion.
• Placement of husks on a previously prepared surface. That is, mortar marks are smeared in the corners, which are equated to the thickness of the required layer of plaster mass. Beacons are attached to these places and the solution is thrown into the cavity between the marker and the wall in three layers: the first is a spray of five millimeters with a liquid mixture, the second is the soil, which is the thickest layer (thicker than the spray), the third is a cover of two millimeters applied to the ground, which has already frozen, and then leveled.
• Plastering the main wall in three steps. Beacons are placed on it, and then a solution is thrown.
• Grout. The applied composition is rubbed with a trowel with intensive circular movements, and the remaining relief depressions are filled with fresh plaster.

How to level the walls with plaster

Plaster is an excellent finishing material for perfect leveling. How to plaster walls correctly? For this you need:

1. Remove wallpaper trim, top layer of plaster that was previously on the surface. Try to rid the walls (brick, others) of cracks, chips, voids.
2. Apply the correct layer of primer to ensure that the new plaster adheres perfectly.
3. Measure the curvature of the surface before directly installing the pendulums. Apply a level to it and calculate the difference between the high and low points. The site should be chosen at least one and a half meters in order to establish accurate curvature indicators. If the difference is less than a centimeter, then leveling can be done with putty, but noticeable differences need plastering.
4. Fix the beacons with alabaster in a vertical position along the entire length to the upper drops. Pull the thread on the profile from top to bottom.

It's time to find out how to properly plaster the walls: first of all, we prepare the mixture, and after that we apply the mortar from the pendulum to the pendulum with casts. The process will go much faster if you use a special technique - a compressor (gun) for plaster. After drying one layer, apply another. Do not try to level the plaster at once, it is impossible. Apply the leveling layer with a spatula. It is subsequently rubbed over with a trowel or sandpaper.

Plastering walls on lighthouses

Beacons help to keep any surface perfectly flat. They clearly allow you to see how much plaster should be applied. Plastering on lighthouses is carried out in the classical way, which is often used in construction: pulling on a pair of cords parallel to the floor and ceiling, vertically and diagonally. This method of marking gives a clear idea of ​​the unevenness of the walls, which should be covered with plaster.

The distance between the cord and the working surface is chosen arbitrarily, but it must be sufficient so that there is no contact. The first two marks should be placed in the corners of the wall with an indent of fifteen to twenty centimeters and fastened with alabaster. Intermediate ones are installed along the cords that are stretched between the profiles coming out of the corners. How then to plaster the walls correctly? The solution is applied from lighthouse to lighthouse.

Aligning walls without beacons

The advantages of plastering with this method are savings, since the consumption of finished plaster is significantly reduced due to application in a thin layer and due to the absence of labor-intensive preparatory work for setting up beacons. So, for alignment without beacons follows.