Minidom (domillon) is a small house for permanent residence. Small houses for year-round use: photos of the best options Very compact house with all the amenities
Experts say that a modern, comfortable home doesn't have to be large. In fact, 28 m is enough for a person for a normal life. 2 ... It turns out that a family of four will feel comfortable in a house with an area of \u200b\u200bslightly less than 120 m 2 ... And such a house can rightfully be called a small one.
As a rule, projects of small houses are one-story. But at the request of the customer, you can finish building a full second floor or attic.
In order to accommodate all living rooms in a relatively small area and ensure comfortable living for a family, the size of technical and utility rooms is reduced. Although the space is organized according to the same principles as in any other project. But there are features that are due to the need to strictly save usable space.
Big house project: the fight for every square meter
- By designing small, architects minimize the use of internal partitions. Thus, rooms of different functionality are combined into a single space. For example, the living room, dining room, and kitchen are grouped into a day zone and separated purely visually - using design techniques. The project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. At the same time, additional rooms remain isolated.
- Bedrooms of family members, bathrooms, dressing rooms form a night zone and are located in such a way as to maximally protect the personal space of the residents of the house from strangers. If the house is two-story, then the night zone is taken out there.
- They try to design the utility area, consisting of bathrooms, a boiler room and other utility rooms, to a minimum size.
- In order to productively use non-residential space, they seek to limit the number of corridors and passages.
- If the house is two-storey, there should be two bathrooms. In order to reduce costs during the installation of engineering networks, they are placed one above the other. In a one-story house, the bathroom is placed so that it has a common riser with the kitchen.
Pros of small house projects
- The construction of a small house does not depend on the configuration and size of the land plot.
- Building such a house will also cost a lot less.
- Short terms of design and construction.
- Relatively low utility bills and easy home maintenance.
Small house projects: results
A carefully thought-out design of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. Thanks to this, the customer receives modern comfortable housing for relatively little money. Therefore, we recommend choosing professional projects of small houses from the Dom4m company.
Let's try to calculate how much it costs to build a small country house with our own hands. Such a need, how to build a house for temporary residence, arises quite often, since the number of garden and dacha associations in the country is quite large. Such a small house of yours will serve you as a shelter from the rain, a place to spend the night, a warehouse for storing garden tools, while the cost of its construction is not so high.
House project
Before you can build a beautiful house, you need to design it. This will save you time and money. If you are able to develop such a project (calculate the type and parameters of the foundation, roof slope, etc.), then you can do it yourself.
Another option is to buy a ready-made standard project of such a house. (photo small typical houses). It costs much less than an individual project, and there are a great many options.
Typical designs are not immutable. At your request can be changed, for example, the dimensions of the walls of the house, the location of openings, etc. Taking into account the peculiarities of the soil on your site, the foundation will be adapted, which guarantees the reliability of the structure. Before you build a beautiful house, you can make an estimate for its construction, including the amount and cost of building materials used. Let's make an approximate calculation of how much it will cost to build a house with our own hands.
Foundation calculation
Before you build a beautiful house, you need to decide on the foundation. Its choice and calculation is extremely important, since it depends on whether the building will stand for a long period or its service life is short. The cost of the foundation for a small house can cost you 15 to 30% of the total amount of the structure being built. For light buildings, there are the following types of bases:
- Column foundation... It consists of posts made of bricks, blocks, asbestos pipes or concrete, buried in the ground. They are located in the corners of the future house, at the intersection of walls and partitions, along the walls with a step of 1.5-2.5 m. Before building a small house on such a foundation, careful alignment of the site is required. It settles down on dense soils that are not subject to seasonal heaving. The approximate cost of its construction (with a column height of 50 cm): for a house with dimensions 6x6 is $ 375 (with a column size of 25x25 (the smallest possible)) and $ 530 (with a column size of 50x50), and for a size of 8x8 - $ 470 and $ 700 respectively.
- Strip foundation... This is a reinforced concrete tape buried in the ground. For light buildings on non-powdery and low-flowing soils, a shallow strip foundation is performed. Its depth is from 30 to 70 cm. With many advantages, this type of foundation has a number of disadvantages: high cost, labor intensity, inapplicability in flooded areas. The cost of a shallow strip foundation is on average $ 46 per linear meter. It directly depends on its size: height, length, width.
- Pile foundation... It is a set of piles connected at the top with an iron, wooden or reinforced concrete grillage. Driven piles are driven into the ground, screw piles are twisted, drilling rigs are installed in wells, poured out of concrete into drilled holes (rammed piles). It is the ideal foundation for lightweight structures for all types of soil, except rocky ones. The cost of a running meter of this type of foundation: $ 30.
- Slab foundation... It is a monolithic reinforced concrete slab laid on a sand and gravel bed. It is used on heaving and floating soils. Because of their high cost, little is used for light buildings.
House frame
After strapping the foundation with beams (with fastening on anchor bolts), the frame of the house is assembled from beams with a section of 100x100,100x150,150x150 with fixing them with metal corners. From above, they are strapped, and floor beams are laid.
Roof rafters, crossbars and struts for it are mounted. The lathing is made of a 100x25 mm board with 20 cm gaps between them. It fits in with ondudilin, metal or profiled sheet. The frame of the house is insulated, steam and wind protection is laid and sheathed with a 16 mm board or plywood.
For your information! The cost of building a house frame (excluding interior decoration of the premises, windows and doors) ranges from $ 1250 to $ 3150. Such a range of prices for a built house is due to the size of the structure and the variability of the building materials used.
Prefabricated frame structures
Small standard frame prefabricated house structures are on sale. Such a house is easy to assemble with your own hands, with minimal construction skills.
In order to understand how much it costs to build a frame assembly house, consider the cost of houses with dimensions of 5x5 and 7x7 m. The walls are imitation of timber, the interior decoration of the premises is clapboard. Double glazing. Grooved plank floor. Roof covering - profiled sheet.
- Option 1. The house is frame, 5x5 m in size. The price of the construction itself is $ 2930.
- Option 2. The house is frame, measuring 7.2x7.5 m. The price of the construction is $ 4610.
The assembly of such structures is paid separately and usually amounts to at least 25% of the total cost of the prefabricated structure. The purpose of this article is not to tell you how to build a beautiful house for a summer cottage, but to guide you in a wide price range for its construction.
You cannot predict what changes will occur in your family in 10-15-20 years.
It is impossible to predict subsequent lifestyle changes.
If you are planning to build a residential building, then how to build empty mansions in reserve, it is most reasonable to start with a minimum, with a small construction of the "core of the house", but provide for the possibility of extensions and transformations.
Each family is unique and unrepeatable, each family is individual in priorities and features of everyday life, each family deserves its own, individual, atypical house, "sharpened" precisely for its distinctive features.
Let's start our conversation with the smallest possible unit of society: a family consisting of one person.
HOUSE FOR ONE PERSON
Who is this customer group?
1. Convinced bachelors, such as the current Boy Scout (his needs have already been raised in the topic "")
2. Lonely, divorced both men and women
3. Elderly, widowed people... Homes and premises for the elderly can be made much smaller than usual and, accordingly, cheaper. There should be no stairs inside the house, and ramps are arranged outside. It is desirable that there are public service centers and recreation areas nearby.
4. Young, matured childrenseeking independence, who need not just a room, but an autonomous territory, a springboard for independent action. In order to create favorable conditions for growing up children, it is worth turning their bedroom into an independent “own home”. This room remains part of a large house, but at the same time it is spatially separated; even a special roof and an independent entrance can be offered.
5. Visitors, business travelers, students etc. if a house for one is considered in the context of a replacement housing stock.
6.et cetera ...
A single-person home can be adapted to the owner's lifestyle as much as possible. In fact, this is a house-room, a separate room with a separate entrance, interlocked with the main walls of the existing neighboring houses. The space of the house does not need to be divided into separate rooms. In essence, it is a neutral room with niches around, which serve as a bedroom, living room, kitchen, study, workshop, hallway. Such a house can be arranged from one large room of a complex configuration, a kitchen-niche, a combined bathroom, a sleeping alcove, a window seat.
All art here consists in folding, compressing familiar rooms and premises, in the ability to use space twice.
Consider the expansion of the existing "core of the house" - a new 1-storey building attached to the blank part of the wall of the existing house.
This is the preferred option. Indeed, we connect with our small increase in power (per person) to the existing systems of engineering communications, during construction to build a whole wall less, for adjacent rooms we serve each other with greater heat protection than the neighborhood directly with the environment.
We do not pay special attention to furniture, etc. - these are just basic elements for scale ...
In this example, there is an entrance on the right, a blank wall below:
The first problem lonely people face is isolation from their neighbors. If the house is not alone, but is part of a residential group, then isolation is perceived not so sharply.
The next design challenge is to simplify the home, since one person has the ability to adapt the house to himself as much as possible. In our example, the total area is about 32 m 2 - this is not a limit at all - if you wish, you can compress it by 20-30 percent.
For a comfortable stay of one person, up to 30 m 2 of the total area is usually enough.
The central part of the room-home can be left free of furniture, it is designed for universal use. To visually increase the volume of the room, it is advisable to have one large window from floor to ceiling and several smaller windows located in niches and alcoves.
Kitchen niche.
The working kitchen, separated from other rooms and intended only for cooking, came from the bourgeois past, when there were mansions with a cook and a servant. In a popular dwelling there is a "hearth", that is, the place near which food was cooked and taken has always been and remains the heart of the house. In a traditional peasant hut, cooking and other household activities are spatially integrated into one room. Family life is centered around a large common table. The separate arrangement of the kitchen and dining room separates guests and the host, offering the latter the role of a waiter. At the same time, cooking requires special equipment and furnishings.
You can overcome this conflict by using the kitchen-niche adjacent to the common room, or located in the niche of the wall. With this organization of space, cooking becomes by right the same natural activity as the food itself.
Possible ways to compress space:
1. TV on an arm, rotatable into 3 zones: kitchen, living room sofa and bed;
2. a wide and deep window sill at the dining table at the level of 0.45 m can serve as an additional place for the eater at the table, which automatically excludes extra chairs from this area;
3.The kitchen table can be combined with a computer-work table, creating a versatile seated work area.
Bathroom it is necessary not only for sanitary procedures. In the bathroom, we turn to ourselves, to our body, after water procedures we want to spend time in comfort, so it is only natural that at the first opportunity people strive to increase the size of the bathroom, to create conditions for relaxation nearby.
In a house for one person, the best solution would be a large combined sanitary unit with two exits: to the sleeping alcove and the hallway. Guests and acquaintances who come to the house have the opportunity to use the entrance to the toilet from the hallway. When there are no guests, it is more convenient to use the door that opens into the room.
Sleeping alcove can replace a separate bedroom. If you carefully analyze the use of the bedroom, you will find that there are uncomfortable passages, corners around the bed, and at the same time there is a sorely lack of space for changing clothes, as well as storing things.
If a person lives alone, then the whole apartment is at his disposal and the sleeping place requires less isolation - it can be placed in an alcove.
The sleeping alcove should not be cramped: there should be enough space to get up, adjust the bed, put on clothes. The sleeping room should be well ventilated and free of drafts, the air should be cool and fresh, and the walls should be warm. It's good when there is a small window next to the bed.
The sleeping area can have a folding light sliding screen-partition.
In the room in which you have to spend the daytime, you should equip at least one "Window seat".
In every house, it is good to have a window seat, where it is pleasant to sit and relax, but it is especially important to provide it in the home of lonely people.
An armchair, a chair with a high back and armrests or a sofa is placed so that the window is on the side. A good solution is an extended low sill (35-40 cm high), on which you can sit with your back to the window frame. It is good when two people can sit in such a niche face to face (the width of the niche for this should be at least 1.2-1.5 m). The most sophisticated solution is a glazed bay window or veranda: the glazed space becomes part of the outdoor garden, in the large bay window you can find a place for indoor plants and birds.
Indoor plants will help connect the view outside the window with the interior. The green corner is becoming an important part of the apartment, it can serve as a stimulus for life for the elderly and a tourist attraction for guests.
Elderly people need more comfort and more accommodating housing. As a rule, they value their familiar environment very much and do not want to move anywhere. But the change of neighbors, changes in the family make them lonely and force them to change their place of residence. On the one hand, children feel responsible for elderly parents and want to take them to themselves, and on the other hand, the usual mismatch of views between children and parents makes life together burdensome.
The spatial solution to this conflict can be carried out in the form of a separate house for the grandparents, located not far from the house of adult children. Elderly people could feel comfortable there independently and at the same time under supervision.
The optimal solution is a room with a separate exit, an outbuilding or an annex that can be temporarily used as a workshop or for rent. In order not to interrupt the connection with the life of the family, the room may have a door to a common hallway, kitchen or corridor.
A one-room separate house for one or two people can be located on a minimum plot of land. In this case, the orientation of the windows and the connection of the entire structure with the relief are of great importance.
For our cold region, it follows:
- limit the number of windows facing north;
- position the long axis of the building in the east-west direction in order to receive the maximum amount of solar heat in winter and minimum in summer,
- reduce as much as possible the area of \u200b\u200bexternal walls in order to avoid heat loss, and put effective thermal insulation;
- plant evergreen conifers to protect against cold winds, and deciduous trees on the east and west sides, to protect buildings from overheating in the morning and evening rays;
- use the heat-shielding properties of the soil, deepen the northern facade of the building into the ground (do not forget about the rubble);
- snow can serve as additional thermal insulation, but in order to improve the operating conditions of the roof, it is better to get rid of it, for this the slopes are made steep;
- leave a flat area in front of the southern facade of the building, in winter the sun will be reflected in the snow, and this will brighten the house.
Experts say that a modern, comfortable home doesn't have to be large. In fact, 28 m is enough for a person for a normal life. 2 ... It turns out that a family of four will feel comfortable in a house with an area of \u200b\u200bslightly less than 120 m 2 ... And such a house can rightfully be called a small one.
As a rule, projects of small houses are one-story. But at the request of the customer, you can finish building a full second floor or attic.
In order to accommodate all living rooms in a relatively small area and ensure comfortable living for a family, the size of technical and utility rooms is reduced. Although the space is organized according to the same principles as in any other project. But there are features that are due to the need to strictly save usable space.
Big house project: the fight for every square meter
- By designing small, architects minimize the use of internal partitions. Thus, rooms of different functionality are combined into a single space. For example, the living room, dining room, and kitchen are grouped into a day zone and separated purely visually - using design techniques. The project of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. At the same time, additional rooms remain isolated.
- Bedrooms of family members, bathrooms, dressing rooms form a night zone and are located in such a way as to maximally protect the personal space of the residents of the house from strangers. If the house is two-story, then the night zone is taken out there.
- They try to design the utility area, consisting of bathrooms, a boiler room and other utility rooms, to a minimum size.
- In order to productively use non-residential space, they seek to limit the number of corridors and passages.
- If the house is two-storey, there should be two bathrooms. In order to reduce costs during the installation of engineering networks, they are placed one above the other. In a one-story house, the bathroom is placed so that it has a common riser with the kitchen.
Pros of small house projects
- The construction of a small house does not depend on the configuration and size of the land plot.
- Building such a house will also cost a lot less.
- Short terms of design and construction.
- Relatively low utility bills and easy home maintenance.
Small house projects: results
A carefully thought-out design of a small house allows you to rationally use every square meter of usable area. Thanks to this, the customer receives modern comfortable housing for relatively little money. Therefore, we recommend choosing professional projects of small houses from the Dom4m company.
The need to build a compact house may arise for various reasons. For example, such a small structure is perfect for placement in a summer cottage that is not used for permanent residence. In a small house, you can conveniently change clothes, put your things and spend the night.
Of course, ready-made cabins are sold on the market, but the quality of their work often leaves much to be desired, and the cost is definitely overpriced. For the same money, you can build a great little house on your own.
There is nothing difficult in self-construction of a compact structure. Follow the guide and everything will work out for sure.
Any construction should begin with planning, without which the construction will take much more time, finance and effort. There is a chance that a finished structure, built without a plan, will not meet your needs and expectations.
For a small house, it is not necessary to draw up detailed documentation with many drawings. Even a simple sketch indicating the main dimensions, communications and other design features will be enough.
Think in advance about the order of the internal organization of the future small house. Will he have only one room, or will there be enough space for arranging a small kitchen and a small bathroom? In this moment, focus on your personal preferences and capabilities.
For example, many prudent owners use a very interesting technique: they raise the ceiling and equip a sleeping place in the attic. This solution can significantly save usable space.
It is recommended to pay special attention to the experience of the Japanese. Even on a few square meters, they manage to place everything they need to create a comfortable and cozy environment, because even a mini house is still a house in which it is definitely more convenient than on the street.
This guide will give instructions on how to build a fairly simple little house. Approximately 75% of the space will be occupied by living quarters, and the remaining space will be spent on placing a storage room and a dry closet.
If everything is very difficult with free space, you can make separate entrances to the mentioned premises from the street. If there are no such problems with free space, and you do not want to constantly go out, equip the entrance to the technical room from the living quarters.
Make your changes to the plan, if desired. For example, instead of a pantry, you can equip a mini-kitchen with a table, a pair of folding chairs or small stools, and a compact stove.
After approval of the plan, proceed directly to the implementation of construction activities. Start by setting up your foundation.
Foundation
For the construction of a small house, the simplest foundation of blocks is perfect. A very interesting solution came up with Western private developers. They create a foundation block with four channels. A reinforcing bar is introduced into each of these channels. The rods themselves are driven into the ground. As a result, the block is securely attached to the ground.
In the project under consideration, the foundation will consist of six such blocks. You will place four blocks in the corners of the future building, the remaining two - under the inner partition.
You can make the blocks yourself from concrete or buy them ready-made.
Dig a hole 200 mm deep with sides corresponding to the dimensions of the blocks.
Fill the hole with a 20 cm layer of sand and gravel. Tamp down the pillow thoroughly.
Install the blocks and insert the reinforcement according to the previous recommendations.
Cover the blocks with a layer of roofing material.
Make sure that the blocks are installed evenly and proceed with the implementation of further planned activities.
Floor laying
First step
Fit the lower trim. Make it from a bar with a section of 15x15 cm. To connect the harness beams, use a convenient mounting option. You can, for example, connect them using the thorn-groove method with additional reinforcement with glue and bolts.
Second step
Lay a platform previously assembled from a 15x5 cm board on top of the harness.
Third step
Sew up the platform with plywood.
Fourth step
Turn the resulting box over and put insulation in it.
The fifth step
Sew up the insulation with a double layer of plywood. Lay plywood with a thickness of 1.2 cm along the box, and across - with a thickness of 0.9 cm. As a result, the floor will have a thickness of 2.1 cm. Use PVA glue to fasten the plywood layers.
Sixth step
Sew up the platform with roofing felt on all sides.
On this the floor is ready. If you wish, you can additionally finish it with another material to your taste.
Linoleum is perfect for finishing the floor.
First step
Treat the timber and boards intended for the construction of walls with an antiseptic.
Second step
Assemble the frame of the planned dimensions.
Third step
Fit the top harness.
Fourth step
Sheathe the entire structure with plywood.
The fifth step
Attach a windscreen to the outside of the walls. At the same time, this material will act as waterproofing.
In the process of building walls, do not forget to leave openings for the installation of doors and glass units.
Roofing construction
The roof structure must be such that in the future, when opening the door, the roof overhang will not touch. To comply with this rule, the slope of the roof slope must be 25 degrees.
First step
Install the rafters. To do this, use boards 10x5 cm. To fasten the boards, use corners and screws.
Second step
Mount the roof ridge. Use a 15x5 cm board to make it.
Third step
Additionally fasten the roof rafters with 10x2.5 cm ties.
Fourth step
Attach 0.9 cm plywood to the rafters.
The fifth step
Lay your preferred roofing material over the finished subfloor. Flexible shingles work well. It is a relatively light material with good performance properties. In this case, the roof of a small house will have a small area, so you will not spend a lot of money on the finishing material.
Doors and double-glazed windows
To create a healthy indoor climate, even if it is very small, you need to install windows. It is better to provide places for placing double-glazed windows even at the stage of assembling the frame.
To determine the optimal total window area, divide the floor area of \u200b\u200byour small house by 5. Divide the resulting value by the number of windows you need.
If you plan to equip your small house with a bathroom and a kitchen, think over the order of furniture placement in advance so that the windows do not interfere with the normal use of the house in the future, but are a useful addition.
If possible, windows should be placed in a southeasterly direction, since there is very little sunlight on the north side, and low western sun rays are bad for the eyes.
You can buy the doors ready-made or you can make them yourself. It is enough to assemble the frame, fill the voids with thermal insulation (mineral wool is perfect), sheathe the frame with plywood and upholstery with the desired material.
Wall decoration
External
Proceed with the exterior wall decoration.
Internal
Proceed with interior decoration.
- Secure a layer of thermal insulation material.
- Cover the insulation with a layer of vapor barrier.
- Cover the walls with clapboard.
This completes the wall decoration. After that, it is recommended to do the arrangement of the ceiling and make the porch to your taste. These activities are best done before the start of the roofing structure.
Make the furnishings and technical equipment of the small house to your taste.
Ceiling decoration
- Cover the ceiling with vapor barrier material.
- Fix the thermal insulation material.
- Sheathe the ceiling with clapboard insulation layers.
You can lay boards in the attic. In this moment, focus on the specifics of your specific situation, taking into account how exactly you will use your attic.
Required communications
If necessary, bring electrical wiring, sewerage and water supply into the house.
For heating a small house, both an electric heater and a gas convector are well suited. Such gas convectors use liquefied gas as fuel. To ensure the most efficient heat distribution, the system should be equipped with a galvanized steel reflector.
The gas convector must be equipped with a chimney. The chimney is carefully insulated to prevent fires. To protect the chimney from snow, rain and various debris, install a special protective visor on its street end.
On this, the small country house is ready. You did an excellent job without involving outside specialists for this, which allowed you to save a significant amount of money, and made sure that there is nothing complicated in the construction of such structures - you just need to follow the guide in everything and adhere to the advice of professional builders. You can start using your own house built.
Happy work!
Video - DIY small house
