Young chemist experiences in the kitchen. Kitchen experiments
Our actions:
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Figure 3 |
Figure 4 |
Our actions:
1. Pour milk into a container.
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Figure 4 |
Figure 5 Figure 6 |
Our actions:
1. Inflated a balloon.
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Figure 10 |
Figure 11 |
1 experience.
Our actions:
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Figure 14 |
Figure 15 |
Our actions:
Figure 16 Figure 17
Figure 18 Figure 19
Figure 20 Figure 21
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"Chemistry in the kitchen"
Orenburg region
Orenburg district
v. Chernorechye
1. Introduction …………………………………………………………………………… 3
2. The main part of …………………………………………………………… 4
2.1 Cooking and Chemistry ……………………………………………………………. four
1. Chemistry and substances ………………………………………………………………. four
2. Chemicals in the kitchen ………………………………………………. 5
2.2. Experiments in the kitchen ………………………………………………………………. 6
1. Experience with vinegar and soda …………………………………………………………… 6
2. Experience with milk and paints ……………………………………………………… .. 6
3. experience with milk writing and heating ……………………………………… 6
4. Experience with sunflower oil …………………………………………… .6-7
5. Milk plastic ……………………………………………………… 7
3. Conclusion .............................................. 8
4. References ……………………………………………………………. 9
5. Appendix ………………………………………………………………… .10-12
1. Introduction
I really like helping and watching mom when she cooks in the kitchen. Once, my mother was preparing breakfast, I saw her adding something sizzling and bubbling to the fritters dough. At that moment, mom looked like a sorceress. I asked: “What is it and why do you put it in the dough?” Mom smiled, and replied that the kitchen is a small chemical laboratory.
What is "chemistry" I read in the encyclopedia. In the photographs I saw different test tubes, jars. But what is the connection between delicious pancakes and chemicals and transformations. This is what I decided to find out, and my mother gladly agreed to help me with this. When my mother and I thought about the products in the kitchen, it turned out that the kitchen is nothing more than a chemical laboratory. And the products themselves are chemicals.
So the project was born on the topic "Chemistry in the kitchen".
The object Our research has become the products and substances that mom uses for cooking.
Subject is an
We set ourselves target
To achieve this goal, we decided to go through a solution to adach:
1. Find out what chemistry and chemicals are.
Hypothesis: 1. I suggested that the kitchen is a chemical laboratory.
2. I admitted that it is possible with the help of experiments to prove that interesting chemical experiments take place in our kitchen every day.
2. The main part 2.1. Culinary and chemistry
1 Chemistry and substances
Chemistry - one of the sciences of nature, of the changes occurring in it. The subject of study of chemistry are substances, their properties, transformations and the processes that accompany these transformations.
Around us a huge amount of useful and harmful substances! For example, in nature there are natural substances, that is, those that were created without human intervention. This is water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stone, wood and others.
Although I have not yet studied chemistry at school, I already know such a common element in nature as water. This substance can surprisingly have three states - liquid, solid, gaseous.
It was in the kitchen that I traced all of her conditions.
If you boil water, then it turns into hot steam - gas.
If you freeze water in the freezer, then the water turns into ice. Moreover, ice occupies a larger volume than water. Therefore, so that the bottle does not burst in the freezer, the mother does not completely pour the water, leaving extra space in the bottle. Dealing with countless useful and harmful substances, finding out their structure, properties, and role in nature is one of the tasks of chemistry. All people need it - a builder, a farmer, a doctor, a housewife and a cook.
Chemistry has existed since ancient times, but it has become a real science quite recently - no more than 200 years ago. The theoretical foundations of chemistry were laid by the ancient Greek scientists Anaxagoras and Democritus. The creators of the modern system of ideas about the structure of matter are: the great Russian scientist M.V. Lomonosov, French chemist A. Lavoisier, English physicist and chemist J. Dalton, Italian physicist A. Avogadro.
2 Chemical reagents in the kitchen
Since I learned that chemistry is the science of matter, it would be reasonable to assume that there are many different substances in the kitchen. And when cooking various dishes, chemical reactions are likely to occur.
I wonder what makes a kitchen resemble a science lab?
Open the kitchen cabinet. Vinegar, baking soda, vegetable oil, sugar, flour, salt, milk, starch.
Nothing chemical, you say, is not here. Ordinary food.
But it was not there! These are real chemicals with the help of which delicious, nutritious and healthy dishes appear on our table. These substances even have chemical names.
vinegar - acetic acid;
sucrose sugar;
starch polysaccharide,
milk-lactose;
Solid chemistry!
It is time to conduct a series of chemical experiments in the kitchen.
I intend to conduct all experiments with the help of my mother.
2.2. Kitchen experiences
1 Experience with vinegar and soda "Volcano"
Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3.
Vinegar is a colorless liquid with a sharply sour aroma. It contains acetic acid.
When they are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs - carbon dioxide and water are released. This is evident from experience - the mixture bubbles and begins to increase in volume. Therefore, it turns out the so-called lava of the volcano.
Application
1. This property of vinegar and soda is used in the kitchen very often when baking is made - pies, rolls and other dough dishes. This reaction is called "quenching soda." When carbon dioxide is released, it saturates the dough, and the baking becomes airy and porous.
The most important thing when using soda is to bake the dough immediately, since the chemical reaction passes very quickly. You can also extinguish soda with fermented milk products (for example, kefir) - if they are part of the dough, then vinegar is optional.
Milk is a liquid that contains various substances, including fat. The detergent attacks the fat in the milk and a chemical reaction occurs between the fat and the BIOLAN detergent.
A chemical reaction is a process of mixing different substances, as a result of which new substances are formed, while they become a different color, either gas is released, or energy is released.
In our case, energy was released that moves the colors. ( Description of the experience, see the appendix)
Milk contains water and other substances, such as casein protein. When we ironed a sheet of paper with an iron, we heated the milk to a temperature of +100 ° C. After that, the water evaporated, and the casein protein was fried and turned brown. Description of the experience, see the appendix
4 Experience with sunflower oil
Sunflower oil is a sunflower seed oil. It is often used in the kitchen for frying, dressing salads, and baking.
It has interesting properties.
First we had a balloon experiment.
This experience showed that the oil spread out along the edges of the hole in the balloon and did not let air out, so the ball did not deflate.
A little secret - it was possible to pierce the ball only in places of low tension, that is, where it was softer (at the very top and next to the knot). The rubber was stretched, and then tightened, and with the help of oil, air no longer passed. The skewer was slowly pushed and scrolled, and it easily entered between the rubber molecules, which are connected in long chains. This experience showed more physical properties of oil and rubber.
It does not sink in water and does not mix with it. Description of the experience, see the appendix
5 Experience getting plastic from milk
Plastic consists of long molecules, which gives it flexibility. Casein is a protein in milk; its long molecules are suitable for the production of plastics. Description of the experience, see the appendix
4. Conclusion
Having studied the literature, having done the experiments, we were convinced that many of the processes taking place in our kitchen are chemical phenomena.
So my hypothesis was confirmed - the kitchen is a chemical laboratory.
5 Literature
1. The program "NEO-kitchen" on the channel "Carousel", directed by Alexander Dashko.
2.www.alhimik.ru/teleclass/azbuka/1gl.shtml - an electronic version of the chemical alphabet from the newspaper Chemistry of the publishing house First September.
3.N.M. Zubkova "Scientific answers to children's" why. "Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years." Speech Publishing House 2013
4. Olgin O. Let's have a little chemistry !: Interesting experiments in chemistry / Il. E. Andreeva. - M.: Det. Lit., 2002 .-- 175 p.: Ill. - (Know and be able!).
application
1. Experience with vinegar and Vulcan soda.
Our actions:
1. Cut off the neck of a plastic bottle - this is the base of the volcano.
2. Plasticine was adhered to the bottom of the neck and placed on a large plate.
3. Poured into the bottle 2 tbsp. l of soda and added red paint for the beauty of the volcano.
4. While the volcano is sleeping (Figure 1).
5. Poured water from the top of the neck of the bottle mixed with vinegar in a ratio of 4: 1 (4 parts water and 1 part vinegar).
6. A chemical reaction has begun between soda and vinegar. The volcano began to erupt with red lava (Figure 2).
| Picture 1 | Figure 2 |
Our actions:
3. We took a cotton swab and soaked it in a dishwashing detergent.
4. Dipped this cotton swab in a container with milk and paints (Figure 3).
5. As a result, the paint “ran away” from the cotton swab to the sides. While you hold the stick in milk, the colors constantly blur from it in different directions, very beautiful swirls and patterns are obtained (Figure 4)
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Figure 3 |
Figure 4 |
Our actions:
1. Pour milk into a container.
2. We took a sheet of paper and a brush.
3. Soaked a brush in milk and began to write on paper "milk ink" (Figure 4)
4. It turned out invisible inscriptions on paper.
5. Let milk dry for 10 minutes.
6. Ironed a sheet of paper with milk records with an iron. (figure 5)
7. The result is a brown phrase. In our case, “Chemistry in the Kitchen” (Figure 6).
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Figure 4 |
Figure 5 Figure 6 |
Our actions:
1. Inflated a balloon.
2. We took a long narrow wooden stick (skewer) and moistened it completely in sunflower oil (Figure 10).
3. Slowly pierced the ball through this wand. The ball did not burst! (figure 11)
|
Figure 10 |
Figure 11 |
1 experience.
Our actions:
1. Poured oil into a transparent glass.
2. Using a syringe, water tinted with green gouache was dripped into the oil.
3. Droplets of green water appeared in the oil, which did not mix with the oil but simply floated in a glass (Figure 14).
4. A pop-up tablet was lowered into the oil and the reaction of carbon dioxide evolution began, the bubbles of which began to stir the "balls" of green water and lift them up (Figure 15).
It was one of the most beautiful experiences of the project!
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Figure 14 |
Figure 15 |
5. The experience of obtaining plastic from milk.
For the experience we need: milk, vinegar, a small saucepan, a mold.
Our actions:
1. We heat the milk in a saucepan so that it is warm, but does not boil or froth (Figure 16).
2. Remove from the stove and add a few drops of vinegar (Fig. 17).
3. The resulting mass is similar to liquid rubber (Fig. 18).
4. This mass is carefully washed under a stream of water (Fig. 19).
5. Pour it into the molds. (Fig. 20) We are waiting for three days.
6. The plastic is ready (Fig. 21).
Figure 16 Figure 17
R 
figure 18 Figure 19
Figure 20 Figure 21
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"TITLE PAGE "
Orenburg region
Orenburg district
Municipal budgetary educational institution
"Chernorechensky secondary school named after the holder of the Order of the Red Star Gonyshev A.I."
v. Chernorechye
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"Protection"
Hello! I, Daria Plotnikova, a 3rd grade student of the “School named after Gonyshev Alexander Ivanovich”
| Allow me to introduce my research work “Chemistry in the Kitchen”. |
|
| I really like helping and watching mom when she cooks in the kitchen. Once, my mother was preparing breakfast, I saw her adding something sizzling and bubbling to the fritters dough. At that moment, mom looked like a sorceress. I asked: “What is it and why do you put it in the dough?” Mom smiled, and replied that the kitchen is a small chemical laboratory. This is what I decided to find out, and my mother gladly agreed to help me with this. When my mother and I thought about all the products in the kitchen, it turned out that the kitchen is nothing more than a chemical laboratory. And the products themselves are chemicals with their own properties and characteristics. So the project was born on the topic"Chemistry in the kitchen" . |
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| The object Research has become products and substances that mom uses for cooking. |
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| Subject is the study of phenomena occurring with substances and products in the kitchen. |
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| Purpose of the study : Find out what our kitchen looks like in a chemistry lab. |
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| To achieve the goal it was supposed to solve the following good luck: Find out what chemistry and chemicals are. Conduct chemical experiments with edible products. Prove that a kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory |
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| Hypothesis:1. We suggested that the kitchen is a chemical laboratory, that with the help of experiments it can be proved that interesting chemical experiments take place in our kitchen every day. Let's try to prove it. |
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| Around us a huge amount of useful and harmful substances! For example, in nature there are natural substances that were created without human intervention. These are water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, stone and others. There are substances created by man. They are called artificial substances. This is plastic, rubber, glass and others. Any substance is either in pure form or consists of a mixture of pure substances. Due to chemical reactions, substances can turn into a new substance. I have not yet studied chemistry, but I can already say that water comes in three states. It was in the kitchen that I traced this. If you boil water, then it turns into hot steam - gas. If you freeze water in the freezer, then the water turns into ice. Deal with useful and harmful substances, find out their structure, properties, role in nature - one of the tasks of chemistry. Since I learned that chemistry - this is the science of matter, it would be reasonable to assume that there are many different substances in the kitchen. And when cooking various dishes, chemical reactions are likely to occur. I wonder what makes a kitchen resemble a science lab? |
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| Open the kitchen cabinet. Vinegar, baking soda, vegetable oil, sugar, flour, salt, milk, starch. Nothing chemicalyou say not here. Ordinary food. But it was not there! These are real chemicals with the help of which delicious, nutritious and healthy dishes appear on our table. These substances even have chemical names. For example: salt is sodium chloride; baking soda - sodium bicarbonate; vinegar - acetic acid; sucrose sugar; starch polysaccharide, milk is lactose. Solid chemistry! |
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| It is time to conduct a series of chemical experiments in the kitchen. In carrying out the experiments my mother helped me. |
|
| Experience with vinegar and Vulcan soda. Poured into the bottle 2 tbsp. l of soda and added red paint for the beauty of the volcano. Then they poured water into the neck of the bottle, mixed with vinegar in a ratio of 4: 1 (4 parts water and 1 part vinegar). A chemical reaction has begun between soda and vinegar. The volcano began to erupt with red lava |
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| . Pour milk into the container. Add three types of paints - red, blue, green. It turned out beautiful patterns in milk. We take a cotton swab and moisten it in a dishwashing detergent. Dip this cotton swab in a container with milk and paints. As a result, the paint "ran away" from the cotton swab to the sides. While we hold the stick in milk, the colors constantly blur from it in different directions, very beautiful patterns are obtained. |
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| Pour milk into a container. Take a sheet of paper and a brush. Wet the brush in milk and write on paper “milk ink”. It turned out invisible inscriptions on paper. Let the milk dry for 10 minutes and iron a sheet of paper with milk records with an iron. As a result, a brown phrase appeared. In our case - “CHEMISTRY ON THE KITCHEN” |
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| Experience with sunflower oil. Inflate the balloon and take a long narrow wooden stick (skewer), and moisten it completely in sunflower oil. Slowly pierce the ball through this wand. The ball did not burst! |
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| Pour oil into a transparent glass and use a syringe to pour water tinted with green gouache into the oil. There were droplets of green water in the oil, which do not mix with the oil, but simply float in a glass. We lower the pop-up tablet into the oil, the reaction of carbon dioxide evolution has begun, the bubbles of which began to stir the "balls" of green water and lift them up. It was one of the most beautiful experiences of the project! |
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| Experience in producing plastics from milk. For the next experiment we will need: milk, vinegar, a small saucepan, a mold. We heat the milk in a saucepan so that it is warm, but does not boil or froth. Remove from the stove and add a few drops of vinegar. The resulting mass is similar to liquid rubber. Gently wash this mass under a stream of water. Pour it into molds. We are waiting for three days. The plastic is ready. |
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| Having studied literature, having done experiments, we were convinced that many of the processes taking place in our kitchen are chemical phenomena. |
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| So my hypothesis confirmed - kitchen - chemical laboratory .. To master all the subtleties of the art of cooking, you need to know a lot. A real culinary specialist should be a person educated in chemistry, biology, biochemistry, physiology of nutrition. In the process of this project, we managed to complete the tasks. We learned what chemistry and chemicals are, conducted chemical experiments with different products. Thus, we have proved that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory. |
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| Thanks for your attention! |
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“Plotnikova Daria. presentation of work "
Performed:
3rd grade student
MBOU "School named after A. Gonyshev"
Plotnikova Daria,
Head of work:
Gonysheva Svetlana Vladimirovna
primary school teacher
An object:
foods and substances that mom uses for cooking.
Thing:
the study of phenomena occurring with substances and products in the kitchen.
Goal: find out how our kitchen looks like a chemical laboratory.
Tasks:
1. Learn what chemistry and chemicals are.
2. Conduct chemical experiments with edible products.
3. Prove that the kitchen is a whole chemical laboratory.
http://www.o-detstve.ru
Hypothesis:
salt-
sodium chloride;
vinegar-
acetic acid
baking soda - sodium bicarbonate
sugar-
sucrose
We have chemicals in the kitchen!
starch polysaccharide
milk - lactose
The experience with sunflower oil
Output: having studied literature, having done experiments,
we made sure that many processes
occurring in our kitchen - chemical phenomena.
Hypothesis:
Kitchen - Chemical Laboratory
Thanks for your attention!
Knowing chemistry from school, it seems to us boring and incomprehensible. But for a child, it can become a truly fascinating activity. Surprise your baby with the magic of magical science by conducting simple chemical experiments with him.
The first stage of acquaintance with chemistry is alkali and acid. To spend exciting chemistry experiments for children houses, in gardening stores you can buy indicators for determining acidity and alkali. Offer your baby to moisten the indicator in any liquid, whether it is saliva, water, tea, soup, etc. And you will see how the indicator will change color. The child will like it very much, and mom will have some free time while her baby will explore the whole house.
Natural indicators
As you know, vegetables, fruits, flowers contain substances that change color depending on the acidic environment. For example, you can take any material (dry, fresh, frozen), prepare a decoction from it. And in this broth to conduct experiments on the content of acidity and alkali. The broth itself has a neutral environment. For an acidic environment, take a solution of vinegar (or a solution of citric acid), and for an alkaline solution, a solution of baking soda is suitable. All solutions must be prepared immediately before the experiment.
Take empty cells from under the eggs, fill them with a solution of soda and vinegar in rows so that in front of the cell with alkali there is a cell with acid. Then pour the prepared broth into each cell and follow the changes. The child can be invited to write the results in a table, or sketch the color changes with paints.
Effective experiments to determine alkali and acidity
Dissolve a phenolphthalein tablet (“purgen”) in a glass or in a jar of water. The solution is clear. Add alkali (solution of baking soda), the solution turned pink-raspberry colored. Then add citric acid (vinegar) - the solution is again colorless. Beauty! Such an experience in chemistry for children is remembered for a long time.
And another interesting experience. Basically, all women cook pastries. To prepare the test, use soda and vinegar. And the children, as always, are next to mom. So, for the experience, take a little more soda, put it on a plate and pour vinegar directly from the bottle. A violent neutralization reaction will occur with a real boil. Caution, do not bend over the plate!
After the child has all the emotions subsided, he can be interested in writing secret notes. Take a brush or feather and dip in milk. Write a message on white paper. Let it dry. To read, hold it over steam or iron it. You can take lemon juice instead of milk and also write on white paper, but you can read such a note already with the help of an iodine solution (dissolve a few drops in water), which need to be slightly moistened with text.
The reaction to iodine can also determine the presence of starch in potatoes, margarine, green leaves. And the presence of protein (for example, in broth or milk) can be determined using washing soda and copper sulfate.
No less interesting is the experience of growing crystals from salt and the experience with water and a drop of ink. The number of examples for conducting experiments at home is unlimited. Surprise your child and perhaps a boring and difficult science will become his favorite hobby!
You can show chemical experiments and talk about the world of organic and inorganic chemistry to your child while preparing dinner. The book by Elena Kachur “Fascinating chemistry” presents unusual and at the same time simple experiments with “homemade reagents”: soda, citric acid, salt. The main characters of the book are Chevostik and Uncle Kuzya.
Acids
Now we will carry out one very interesting chemical reaction. For her we need lemon juice and a little baking soda. Any housewife has it in the kitchen. We will pour clean water into a transparent glass. Add a pinch of soda to it. Stir well.
- The white soda powder has dissolved, the glass is again clear water.
- Not water, but a solution of soda. Add lemon juice to it ...
- Oh! The liquid in the glass began to boil, transparent bubbles of some gas rise from the bottom.
Chemistry_2.png
Its formula is CO2. C is the abbreviation for carbon element. O is oxygen.
- And “two” means that next to each carbon atom there are as many as two oxygen atoms.
- Ah yes Chevostik! Right!
- Uncle Kuzya, what is this carbon element?
“Another good friend of yours.” This element consists of coal. Graphite is the dark gray center of a simple pencil. And the hardest stone on Earth is diamond. But back to our gas. It has a name - carbon dioxide.
uvlekatelnaya_himiya_3d_800.jpg
Oh, I know about him! We breathe in oxygen, and we breathe out this very carbon dioxide. You talked about this when we learned on a journey how a person works.
- That's right. And the chemical reactions in which this gas is released are used by many mothers and grandmothers when they prepare delicious cakes, pancakes and pancakes.
Chemistry_3.png
Carbon is found in many different forms and forms. There is a little carbon in man!
- And why in these goodies gas, and even carbon dioxide?
- It helps the housewives to make the dough lush, airy. They add a special baking powder or baking soda with something acidic to it, and in the test a reaction begins, similar to the one we just watched.
- The gas bubbles remain in the test, and the pancakes are lace! What a useful gas. Only in our glass they are almost gone.
- The chemical reaction is over. All soda and citric acid reacted.
Chemistry_4.png
Uncle Kuzya, why did you call lemon juice acid? Because he is sour?
- On the contrary, these acids got their name because of the sour taste. Acids are the name of a group of chemicals. We literally know some acids on the palate: these are oxalic, malic, citric, lactic, and acetic acids. Well-known and useful vitamin C is also an acid. Ascorbic.
“Now I will know why sorrel and apples are sour.” Due to acids!
“But most acids have nothing to do with food.” And you can not try them in any case: many acids are very burning, and some are poisonous.
“Why should chemists study such harmful substances?”
- Acids are not harmful at all, they bring great benefit. For example, sulfuric acid is necessary to obtain fertilizers, without which it is not possible to grow a good crop. Without it, paper, paints, fabrics, shoes, medicines cannot be made. Other acids have a lot of work too. We have hydrochloric acid in our stomach, its formula is HCl. This acid helps us digest food.
- The amazing substances are these acids. And what other groups of substances are there?
We have already talked about oxides. In addition to acids and oxides, there are alkalis. They, like acids, are caustic; they must not be tried and touched so as not to burn themselves.
“But they surely also make something very necessary.”
- For example, detergents and soap that we use every day. And now I want to tell you how to use chemistry to suppress burning acid and caustic alkali. To do this, they need to ... mix.
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Isn’t it so that they will become twice as dangerous?
- On the contrary! They will turn into a salt solution. The fact is that in any acid there is always a hydrogen atom. And in every alkali there is an inseparable pair: an oxygen atom with a hydrogen atom. If you mix acid and alkali, hydrogen from acid will combine with oxygen-hydrogen from alkali. And we get a familiar company - two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen.
- Yes, it's H2O! Water! And she’s not at all hot!
Chemistry_6.png
The remaining acid and alkali atoms also combine, and some kind of salt is obtained. Salt is the name of another group of chemicals.
“I will remember that.” Uncle Kuzya, and now let's do the following chemical reactions. I really liked this lesson.
- Then I suggest figuring out where there are acids and alkalis next to us.
“How do we do this?” If acids can not be taken in the mouth, and it is better not to touch the alkalis?
“Dangerous acids and alkalis are hardly at home.” And to deal with those that are available, cabbage will help us. True, not ordinary, but red-headed.
“I know her, she has beautiful purple leaves.” But how it helps to distinguish acid from alkali is completely incomprehensible to me.
- Now everything will become clear. First, we need to squeeze the juice from cabbage. Turn on the juicer ... Done!
- The juice turned dark purple color.
- Now pour water into a glass, add lemon juice to it, and then pour some red cabbage juice.
- Ah! Purple cabbage juice repainted! He turned red!
- We continue our research. In another glass, dilute a little soap in water. What do you think, Chevostik, if you add cabbage juice to soapy water, what color will it turn out?
- Red? Or purple?
For ice cream you will need: cocoa, sugar, milk, sour cream. You can add grated chocolate, wafer crumbs or small pieces of cookies to it. Stir in a bowl two tablespoons of cocoa, one tablespoon of sugar, four tablespoons of milk and two tablespoons of sour cream. Add crumbs of cookies and chocolate. Ice cream is ready. Now it needs to be cooled. Take a larger bowl, put ice in it, sprinkle it with salt, mix. Place a bowl of ice cream on the ice and cover with a towel on top to prevent heat from entering it. Stir ice cream every 3-5 minutes. If you have enough patience, then after some 30 minutes the ice cream will thicken and you can try it. Yummy?
How does our homemade refrigerator work? It is known that ice melts at a temperature of zero degrees. Salt retains the cold, does not allow the ice to melt quickly. Therefore, salty ice keeps the cold longer. Moreover, the towel does not allow warm air to penetrate to the ice cream. And the result? Ice cream is beyond praise!
Let's get butter
If you live in the summer in the country, then you probably take natural milk from the thrush. Do experiments with milk with your children. Prepare a liter jar. Fill it with milk and refrigerate for 2-3 days. Show the children how the milk has stratified into lighter cream and heavy skim milk. Collect cream in a jar with a sealed lid. And if you have patience and free time, then shake the jar for half an hour in turn with the children until the balls of fat merge together and form oil lumps. Believe me, children have never eaten such delicious butter.
Homemade candy
Cooking is an exciting experience. Now let's make homemade candies. To do this, prepare a glass of warm water in which to dissolve as much granulated sugar as it can dissolve. Then take a straw for a cocktail, tie a clean thread to it, fastening a small piece of pasta on its end (it is best to use small pasta). Now it remains to put a straw on top of the glass, across, and lower the end of the string with pasta into the sugar solution. And be patient.
When the water from the glass begins to evaporate, the sugar molecules begin to converge and the sweet crystals begin to settle on a string and on pasta, taking on bizarre shapes. Let your baby taste the candy. Yummy? The same candies will be much tastier if jam syrup is added to the sugar solution. Then you get lollipops with different tastes: cherry, blackcurrant and others, which he wants.
Fried sugar
Take two pieces of refined sugar. Moisten them with a few drops of water to make it moist, put in a stainless steel spoon and heat it for several minutes over gas until the sugar melts and turns yellow. Do not let it burn. As soon as the sugar turns into a yellowish liquid, pour the contents of a spoon on a saucer in small drops. Try your sweets with your kids. Liked? Then open a confectionery factory!
Change the color of cabbage
With your child, prepare a salad of finely chopped red cabbage, grated with salt, and pour it with vinegar and sugar. Watch how the cabbage turns from purple to bright red. This is the effect of acetic acid. However, as it is stored, the salad may again turn purple or even turn blue. This happens because acetic acid is gradually diluted with cabbage juice, its concentration decreases and the color of the dye of red cabbage changes. These are the transformations.
Why are unripe apples sour?
Unripe apples are high in starch and sugar free. Starch - unsweetened substance. Let the child lick the starch, and he will be convinced of this. How do you know if a product contains starch? Make a weak iodine solution. Drizzle them in a handful of flour, starch, on a slice of raw potato, on a slice of unripe apple. The appearance of blue color proves that all of these products contain starch. Repeat the experiment with the apple when it is fully ripe. And you will probably be surprised that you will not find starch in an apple. But now sugar has appeared in it. This means that fruit ripening is the chemical process of converting starch into sugar.
Edible glue
Your child needed glue for crafts, but the jar of glue was empty? Take your time to the store for a purchase. Cook it yourself. What is familiar to you is unusual for a child.
Cook him a small portion of thick jelly, showing him each of the stages of the process. For those who do not know: in boiling juice (or in water with jam) you need to pour, thoroughly mixing, a solution of starch, diluted in a small amount of cold water, and bring to a boil. I think the child will be surprised that this glue-kissel can be eaten with a spoon, but you can glue crafts to it.
Homemade sparkling water
Remind your child that he breathes air. Air is made up of different gases, but many of them are invisible and odorless, making them difficult to detect. Carbon dioxide is one of the gases that make up air and ... sparkling water. But it can be distinguished at home.
Take two straws for a cocktail, but of different diameters, so that a narrow millimeter tightly fits into the wider one. The result was a long straw made up of two. Make a vertical through hole in the cork of the plastic bottle with a sharp object and insert either end of the straw there. If there are no straws of different diameters, then you can make a small vertical incision in one and stick it into another straw. The main thing is to get a tight connection.
Pour in a glass of water diluted with any jam, and pour half a tablespoon of soda into the bottle through a funnel. Then pour vinegar into the bottle - about a hundred milliliters. Now you need to act very quickly: insert the cork with the straw into the bottle, and lower the other end of the straw into a glass of sweet water. What happens in a glass? Explain to the child that vinegar and baking soda actively began to interact with each other, emitting bubbles of carbon dioxide. He rises up and passes through a straw into a glass with a drink, where bubbles come to the surface of the water. Here is sparkling water and ready.
Drown and eat
Wash two oranges well. Put one of them in a bowl of water. He will swim. And even if you try hard, you won’t be able to drown him. Peel the second orange and put it in water. Well? Do not believe your eyes? The orange drowned. How so? Two identical oranges, but one drowned, and the second floats? Explain to the child: “There are many air bubbles in the orange peel. They push the orange to the surface of the water. Without the peel, the orange drowns because it is heavier than the water that it crowds out.”
About the benefits of milk
Oddly enough, but best of all, we will find out why you need to drink milk by doing an experiment with bones. Take the eaten chicken bones, wash them properly, let them dry. Then pour vinegar in a bowl so that it covers the bones completely, close the lid and leave for a week. After seven days, drain the vinegar, carefully examine and touch the bones. They have become flexible. Why? It turns out that calcium gives bones strength. Calcium dissolves in acetic acid and the bones lose their hardness.
Want to ask: "What does milk have to do with it?" Milk is known to have a lot of calcium. Milk is good because it replenishes our body with calcium, which means it makes our bones firm and strong.
How to get drinking water from salt water?
Pour water into a deep basin with the child, add two tablespoons of salt there, mix until the salt dissolves. At the bottom of an empty plastic glass, place the washed pebbles so that it does not float, but its edges should be above the water level in the basin. Pull the film from above, tying it around the pelvis. Slide the film in the center above the glass and put another pebble in the recess. Put your pelvis in the sun. After a few hours, unsalted, clean drinking water will accumulate in a glass. The explanation is simple: water in the sun begins to evaporate, condensate settles on the film and flows into an empty glass. Salt does not evaporate and remains in the pelvis. Now that you know how to get fresh water, you can safely go to the sea and not be afraid of thirst. There is a lot of water in the sea, and from it you can always get the purest drinking water.
Live yeast
A famous Russian proverb says: "The hut is red not with corners, but with pies." True, we will not bake cakes. Although, why not? Moreover, we always have yeast in our kitchen. But first, let’s show the experience, and then you can take up pies. Tell the children that the yeast consists of tiny living organisms called microbes (which means that microbes are not only harmful, but also beneficial). Eating, they emit carbon dioxide, which, mixing with flour, sugar and water, "raises" the dough, makes it lush and tasty.
Dry yeast is like little lifeless balls. But this is only until millions of tiny microbes come to life, who doze in cold and dry form. Let's revive them. Pour two tablespoons of warm water into the jug, add two teaspoons of yeast into it, then one teaspoon of sugar and mix. Pour the yeast mixture into the bottle by pulling a balloon on its neck. Place the bottle in a bowl of warm water. Ask the guys what will happen? That's right, when the yeast comes to life and starts eating sugar, the mixture will be filled with bubbles of carbon dioxide, already familiar to children, which they begin to emit. Bubbles burst and gas inflates the ball.
Does a fur coat warm?
This experience should really please the children. Buy two cups of ice cream in a paper wrapper. Unroll one of them and put on a saucer. And the second right in the wrapper, wrap in a clean towel and wrap a good coat. After 30 minutes, unroll the wrapped ice cream and lay it without a wrapper on a saucer. Expand the second ice cream. Compare both servings. Surprised? What about your children?
It turns out that ice cream under a fur coat, in contrast to that on a silver platter, almost did not melt. So what? Maybe a fur coat is not a fur coat at all, but a refrigerator? Why, then, do we put it on in the winter, if it does not warm, but cools? The explanation is simple. Fur coat ceased to let room heat to ice cream. And from this the ice-cream in the fur coat became cold, but the ice cream did not melt.
Now the question is natural: "Why does a man put on a fur coat in cold weather?" Answer: "In order not to freeze." When a person puts on a fur coat at home, it is warm for him, and the fur coat does not let heat out into the street, so the person does not freeze.
Ask the child if he knows that there are “fur coats” of glass? This is a thermos. It has double walls, and between them is a void. Through emptiness, heat passes poorly. Therefore, when we pour hot tea into a thermos, it stays hot for a long time. And if you pour cold water into it, what will happen to it? The child can now answer this question himself. If he still finds it difficult to answer, let him do another experiment: pour cold water into a thermos and check it after 30 minutes.
Persistent funnel
Can a funnel “refuse” to let water into a bottle? Let's check! We will need: 2 funnels, two identical clean dry plastic bottles of 1 liter each, plasticine, a jug of water.
Training:
- Insert a funnel into each bottle.
- Coat the neck of one of the bottles around the funnel with plasticine so that there is no gap left.
Getting scientific magic!
Announce to the audience: “I have a magical funnel that keeps water out of the bottle.”
Take a bottle without plasticine and pour a little water into it through the funnel. Explain to the audience: “This is how most funnels behave.”
Place a plasticine bottle on the table. Pour water into the funnel to the top. Look what will happen.
Result. Some water will flow from the funnel into the bottle, and then it will stop flowing completely.
Explanation:
In the first bottle, water flows freely. Water flowing through the funnel into the bottle replaces the air in it, which escapes through the gaps between the neck and funnel. The sealed plasticine bottle also has air, which has its own pressure. The water in the funnel also has a pressure that arises due to gravity pulling the water down. However, the force of air pressure in the bottle exceeds the force of gravity acting on the water. Therefore, water cannot get into the bottle.
If there is even a small hole in a bottle or in plasticine, air can escape through it. Because of this, its pressure inside the bottle will drop, and water can flow into it.
Dancing flakes
Some cereals can make a lot of noise. Now we will find out if rice flakes can also be taught to jump and dance.
We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) crispy rice flakes
- balloon
- wool sweater
Training.
- Pour the cereal onto a towel.
Getting scientific magic!
- Reach out to the audience like this: “You all, of course, know how rice flakes can crack, crunch and rustle. And now I will show you how they can jump and dance.”
- Inflate the ball and tie it.
- Rub the ball on a woolen sweater.
- Bring the ball to the cereal and see what happens.
Result. Flakes will bounce and be attracted to the ball.
Explanation. Static electricity helps you in this experiment. Electricity is called static when the current, that is, the movement of charge, is absent. It is formed due to friction of objects, in this case a ball and sweaters. All objects are composed of atoms, and in each atom there are equally protons and electrons. The charge is positive for protons, and negative for electrons. When these charges are equal, the item is called neutral, or uncharged. But there are objects - for example, hair or wool - that very easily lose their electrons. If you rub the ball on the woolen thing, part of the electrons will pass from the wool to the ball, and it will acquire a negative static charge.
When you approach a negatively charged ball to the flakes, the electrons in them begin to push off from it and move to the opposite side. Thus, the upper side of the flakes, facing the ball, becomes positively charged, and the ball attracts them to itself.
If you wait longer, the electrons will begin to move from the ball to the flakes. Gradually, the ball will again become neutral, and will cease to attract flakes. They will fall back to the table.
Sorting
Do you think it is possible to separate mixed peppers and salt? If you master this experiment, then you will definitely cope with this difficult task!
We will need:
- paper towel
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) of salt
- 1 teaspoon (5 ml) ground pepper
- a spoon
- wool sweater
- assistant
Training:
- Spread a paper towel on the table.
- Sprinkle salt and pepper on it.
Getting scientific magic!
- Invite one of the viewers to become your assistant.
- Thoroughly mix the salt and pepper with a spoon. Invite the assistant to try to separate the salt from the pepper.
- When your assistant despairs to separate them, offer him now to sit and see.
- Inflate the ball, tie it and rub it on the wool sweater.
- Bring the ball closer to the salt and pepper mixture. What will you see?
Result. Pepper will stick to the ball, and the salt will remain on the table.
Explanation. This is another example of static electricity. When you rub the ball with a woolen cloth, it acquires a negative charge. If you bring the ball to a mixture of pepper and salt, the pepper will begin to attract to it. This is because the electrons in the dust particles tend to move as far as possible from the ball. Consequently, the part of the peppercorns closest to the ball acquires a positive charge and is attracted by the negative charge of the ball. Pepper sticks to a ball.
Salt is not attracted to the ball, since electrons move poorly in this substance. When you bring a charged ball to the salt, its electrons still remain in their places. The salt on the side of the ball does not acquire a charge - it remains uncharged or neutral. Therefore, salt does not stick to a negatively charged ball.
Flexible water
In previous experiments, using static electricity, you taught flakes to dance and separated peppers from salt. From this experience, you will learn how static electricity affects ordinary water.
We will need:
- water tap and sink
- wool sweater
Training:
For the experience, choose a place where you will have access to the water supply. The kitchen is perfect.
Getting scientific magic!
- Announce to the audience: “Now you will see how my magic will control the water.”
- Open the tap to let the water flow in a thin stream.
- Say magic words while urging a stream of water to move. Nothing will change; then apologize and explain to the audience that you will have to use the help of your magic ball and a magic sweater.
- Inflate the ball and tie it. Rub the ball on the sweater.
- Say the magic words again, and then hold the ball to a stream of water. What will happen?
Result. The stream of water will deviate towards the ball.
Explanation. The electrons from the sweater during friction go to the ball and give it a negative charge. This charge repels electrons in the water, and they move to the part of the jet that is farthest from the ball. Closer to the ball, a positive charge arises in the stream of water, and a negatively charged ball pulls it toward itself.
For the movement of the jet to be visible, it should be small. Static electricity accumulating on the ball is relatively small, and it is not able to move a large amount of water. If a trickle of water touches the ball, it will lose its charge. Superfluous electrons will pass into water; both the ball and the water will become electrically neutral, so the trickle will flow evenly again.
Source:
- Jim Wise "Entertaining chemistry, physics, biology";
- N.M. Zubkova "Scientific answers to children's" why. "Experiments and experiments for children from 5 to 9 years."
Discussion
Very entertaining) I made only salt dough, instead of plasticine. It sticks well. Only need to be stored correctly, so that it would not dry out.
We lived in Krasnovishersk, where employees of a local enterprise were given coupons for milk. There was a lot of milk and some of it was sour. My daughter and I made cottage cheese ourselves and it was called "Cottage cheese from the village"
A wonderful selection of experiences !!! thank
12/27/2009 10:41:06, Aida GorbunovaComment on the article "Entertaining experiments in the kitchen"
Here are some fun bubble experiments. *** When it’s time to pay for the apartment, When a hole appeared on the stocking, When Khandra just attacks - She sadly leaves the kitchen, And she makes a bowl of soap, And blows, gathering her Weakened spirit.
We invite you to visit the program “Miracles in the Kitchen” from 4 years old in the LabyrinthUm Museum at st. m. Victory Park! Professor Um is waiting for his curious guests on February 4 and 5. To try on a white coat of a scientist and conduct experiments on his own, it is not necessary to have your own laboratory. Many simple experiments that perfectly illustrate the laws of physics can be carried out in the family’s own kitchen! Balanced cork balancing on the edge of the bottle, barbecue made of balloons, rocket made of ...
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Tomorrow, March 17 at 19.00 a presentation of the new book "Kitchen is the heart of the house" and live communication with Julia Vysotskaya will take place. The kitchen is the main place in the house, the whole family gathers here at the table, culinary wonders work and traditions are preserved. How to create a kitchen where it will be convenient to cook without interrupting communication with friends, through which you can move around with your eyes closed and quickly find the right one? Useful tips and personal experience in creating the perfect kitchen Julia Vysotskaya shared in her new book ...
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If anyone has already gone through such a situation and achieved the desired, share your experience, please! It’s possible on a bud. We advise you to read: entertaining experiments in physics at home.
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When my daughter found out that I want to write a negative review about her kit for chemical experiments at home, she said, "Mom, well, don’t need a bad review." But still I write a review, mom, and a review for the same moms and dads, so I will express my opinion personally.
I had the Young Chemist set in my childhood - I loved it, although I don’t remember why. I don’t remember what chemical experiments he allowed to do, but I remember that I loved this kit, although I was not particularly fond of chemistry. So I bought (a fool!), Under the impressions of my childhood, a similar set for my daughter - a set for experiments "Experiments in Chemistry in the Kitchen" from Ranok-Creative ...
Before being indignant, I will bring the same dialogue with my daughter (13 years) about the recall:
Mom, well, don’t have a bad review.
Did you like the kit?
Dotsya, you've been with him for over a year now. How many times have you used it?
As they say, no comment.
But a few of the claimed 100 experiments, I still comment, even in the pictures I will comment, so as not to be unfounded! Pictures - photos from the manual pages.
Example No. 1. Here are descriptions of two different experiments on descaling from a teapot (do not look that there are numbers 3 and 4 - these experiments in general from different sections even coincided):
The only difference is that in one case they take vinegar, and in the other, lemon juice.
Example 2 Again, two different experiences from two different sections, this time mix acid and soda:
The only difference is that in one case they take vinegar, and in the other citric acid and water.
Example 3 Now we make "submarines" - we study the density of fresh and salt water (sections are different again):
The only difference is that in one case they take potatoes, and in the other an egg.
I took examples without thinking, there are such a sea!
NOW I HAVE A FEW QUESTIONS:
Question 1:And where does the set generally ??? In the given examples, nothing from the set is used! With the same success, just issue instructions as an independent brochure, and parents will not overpay for a beautiful box!
Question 2:What children are these experiments for? It is written 10+, but I'm not interested in age, but rather in the level of knowledge. If the child understands the given formulas, then he certainly knows that the reaction of soda with acid will be the same, even with vinegar, even with a solution of citric acid. And if the child is so small that he is directly interested in doing these experiments separately, then what the hell are you giving formulas ?!
Question 3: How many experiences are you talking about? one hundred? And if you remove these repetitions? If I just write in my first example, what instead of vinegar can I take lemon juice? And in other examples, if done the same way? Is it already 50 experiences? Well, even the brochure will be twice as thin!
Question 4: In my last example with an egg and potatoes, where is chemistry at all ?! It seems to me that this is physics ?! Probably not one, for the experiment with a egg in the internet is everywhere described in the physics section ...
FIG, not a SET!
90% of experiments are carried out without recruitment at all!
My daughter persuaded me to give a rating of not 2, but 3, citing the fact that "there are still some interesting experiments". Ok, I put 3. With a stretch. Creaking heart. Exclusively for the sake of "several interesting experiments" ...
P.S: Buy the best electronic constructor Expert - you definitely won’t regret it! It suits both the girl and the boy. In the review, I described various real jokes with him - a very funny thing, if you show a little imagination
