Why bunches of grapes wither. Grape berries dry out, what to do

We all love to eat sweet and aromatic grapes, and its juices with a unique taste and exquisite wines leave few people indifferent. Many gardeners breed this charm in their summer cottages, however, growing a vine is a process, although not at all difficult, but it also has pitfalls, for example, such as drying berries and even whole brushes. Novice growers and gardeners - amateurs, faced with such a problem, immediately fall into a panic - so much effort was expended, and the harvest died for some unknown reason. In this article we will try to figure out why the bunches of the vine dry and how to deal with it.

Why a bunch of grapes dries - reasons

It is so offensive when such a nuisance as the drying of the bunches occurs at the moment when the berries have already set and began to ripen. There may be several reasons for this phenomenon, and in order to prevent this misfortune in time, it is necessary to learn to distinguish between them. So why do the bunches dry - possible reasons:

the amount of moisture is not enough for normal growth and maturation;
poor soil - insufficient amount of nutrients and minerals;
excess ultraviolet rays;
illiterate pruning of vines or lack thereof;
improper garter to support varieties with large tassels;
bend of the ridge of the bunch;
paralysis of the cyst ridges.

And also the cause of drying of grape bunches can be various diseases and pests:

mildew disease;
oidium or false sunburn;
defeat by gray mold;
chlorosis;
verticillosis;
anthracnose;
eutiposis (dry arms);
buffalo cicada;
insects - pests;
weak treatment of plants from morbidity.

Let's consider in detail each reason separately.

Lack of moisture. The fact that grapes are unpretentious in cultivation and care does not mean that there is no need to water the vine. If the summer is rather humid, with a good amount of precipitation, then the vineyard will have enough moisture, and during a dry summer, watering the plants is simply necessary, since with a lack of moisture the berries become small, sour taste, or even dry out in general, so do not forget to water in time grapes so that nothing interferes with the normal growth and ripening of berries.

Lack of nitrogen in the soil. With a lack of nitrogen in the soil, the vineyard will begin to dry out quickly - first, the leaves, which will become light in color, and then the bunches themselves. In order to avoid drying out, it is recommended to feed the soil with mineral fertilizers containing nitrogen, or add organic matter - manure, chicken droppings.

An excess of ultraviolet rays causes a burn, which adversely affects not only grape clusters, but also berries and leaves. First, the berries change color to brown, and they taste like mash, then they dry up altogether. This is the most common cause of bunch drying out. In this case, it is not necessary to remove stepchildren growing in the area of the bunch in order to exclude direct sunlight on it.

Bending of grape bunches due to improper tie-up of the vineyard to the support. Why is a vineyard drying up, which has set up large weighty bunches? Most hybrids develop too large and heavy brushes. When the support is uncomfortable, or the vineyard is not tied to it correctly, the ridge on which the bunch is located bends under its weight. From this, moisture cannot enter the brush, and it begins to wither. To prevent this from happening, it is recommended to properly load the vine on the arches and supports.

Paralysis of the crests of the hands. If the vineyard has dried up for no reason, the ridges may have dried out. This phenomenon is called paralysis and so far no explanation has been found as to why it occurs. Brushes and berries dry out due to impaired circulation of moisture and nutrients. Often appears when summers are dry. Necrosis and brown spots appear on the scallops, as a result of which the bunch stops feeding and dries. If one plant has suffered from paralysis, then it is not necessary that this attack will go to neighboring bushes. In such cases, it is recommended to feed the vineyard with fertilizers, which include magnesium.

Mildew disease. A terrible attack called mildew is often the reason why grapes dry up. This disease causes great damage to the vineyard during the flowering process. First, single berries dry out, and, immediately, before ripening, and whole clusters up to half. The reason is that the mildew fungus blocks the access of nutrients and moisture to the bunch. To prevent the defeat of this fungus, the vineyard should be treated with medications for mildew - Ordan, Kurzat, Polykhom, Ridomil. Processing is carried out three times during the growing season - before flowering, after flowering and when the berries reach the size of a pea.

Oidium or false sunburn can also cause the berries and bunches to dry out. It is often confused with sunburn. A slightly noticeable white - gray bloom appears on the berries, similar to sunburn from the sun, and then the berry bursts or withers. A vineyard with powdery mildew is treated with colloidal sulfur before harvesting.

Gray mold fungus infestation usually occurs in the spring when it becomes warm and humid. Such conditions are the best opportunities for the development of Botrytis cinerea, a fungus that completely covers the plants and causes the grapes to dry out. The fight against this disease must be started immediately.

Chlorosis damage. If the soil contains a lot of carbonate, there is the possibility of chlorosis, which can dry out the grape bushes. Most often, it appears in early spring or in the second half of summer. Chlorosis affects the entire bush. To prevent chlorosis, it is necessary to loosen the soil to normalize air exchange and evaporate excess moisture.

Verticilliasis is a fungal infection of grapes that penetrates the bush from the ground through the root. The disease does not appear immediately, but several years after infection. Mostly young shoots are sick. If the vine is overloaded, the disease manifests itself more strongly, therefore, it is necessary to correctly load the vine in order to get a decent harvest of berries.

Anthracnose is also a fungal infection of the vine. This fungus is common in areas with a humid climate. The disease is recognized by necrotic spots on bunches, leaves and the entire green component of the vineyard. If the fungus manifests itself before flowering, then the entire bunch is affected, and when the bush begins to bear fruit, spots appear on the combs, as a result of which the brush dries up. Anthracnose disease is tropical, and has appeared in our climate quite recently.

Eutiposis is a fungal infection, which affects not only vineyards, but also other crops. It affects the wood of the vineyard, as a result of which the growth of plants slows down. The underdevelopment of all parts of the grapes does not allow the grape to give the proper harvest. Old vineyards of the northern regions are more susceptible to euthyposis. High humidity contributes to its occurrence. The bunches stop filling and dry up.

Buffalo cicada is a harmful insect that is a fairly common cause of drying out of grape bunches. This insect lives and reproduces in the grass under the bush. The offspring gives one time per summer. The larvae, having turned into adults, move from the grass to the grape bush, causing irreparable damage to it. The insect damages the shoots and scallops on which the bunch is located. As a result of this damage, the bunches of the grapes dry out. In order to prevent the defeat of the grapes by the buffalo cicada, the vines are treated twice with benzophosphate, and all the grass that grows under the vineyard is removed, and garlic or onions are planted in its place, which repel these insects.

Successful viticulture!

Diseases and pests that affect vineyards often harm the vine. If the berries dry on the grapes, the leaves wither and fall off, this becomes a huge disappointment for the gardener. It is doubly unpleasant when the brushes begin to hurt, almost all the berries dry up and most of the crop becomes unusable. At the same time, drying can begin both simultaneously with the setting of berries, and at the time of their ripening, plus it can be accompanied by symptoms that are inherent in diseases of different grape varieties. What causes the grapes to dry out? There are many reasons for losing berries. Growers often find diseases that are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, fungi.

There are many reasons for losing berries.

Downy mildew can be placed in pride of place in terms of harmfulness, which affects mainly the ridge, the grape cluster, sometimes the whole mass, young and old shoots. The fungus becomes part of the plant's tissues, while the plant does not receive moisture. Parts of the vines, brushes, ripening berries that are infected with the fungus dry out and die. There are situations when a whole grape bush has dried up, but this is better not to be allowed.

Mildew threatens to ruin the entire crop. There are many other ailments in grape berries. Why is bacteria so bad? An insect pest can cause serious harm to the plant, there is an option to remain without a crop and with poor-quality vineyard care.

The dry-handedness of the grape bush with its fruits can be caused by the fungus Eutupa Lata. This microorganism is widespread in all regions, where the winter months can hardly be called warm. Eutupa Lata is harmful during high rainfall or high humidity.

Since the pathogenic microorganism can enter grape tissues, as well as all other plants in orchards, this triples the difficulty in dealing with symptoms of disease and its subsequent spread. The fungus can affect not only shoots and berries, but also wood, and even the root. Sometimes it is difficult to believe that a fungus can completely destroy a plant. It has an especially intense effect on mature grape bushes, which were planted 7 years ago, and an element of dryness is the fact that the plant at the start of the season gives an increase of no more than 25 cm.

The shoot begins to develop not so strongly and intensively, it also grows in length, in terms of parameters and color, it differs significantly from other plants. The leaves begin to dry out on the bush, and then healthy areas are also affected by necrosis. Future berries dry up or stop growing more, and remain small until the last month of the growing season.

Grape Spotted Anthracnose

One of the reasons for the drying out of grape berries. Its peak begins with the arrival of rains, while the pest can develop not only in the summer months or in spring, but also at temperatures from 2 degrees.

Manifestations of spotted anthracnose are often associated with mechanical damage to fruits and shoots, which provoked hail. But in fact, the change in weather with hail has nothing to do with it.

Beware of rounded necrotic spots with brown and black borders on plants, because these areas indicate the penetration of harmful fungi. Ordinary places can merge, the affected areas begin to collapse, and the leaves and fruits that have just appeared, which will dry on the grapes, seem to be burnt.

Berries sick with anthracnose are drying up. The disease begins to infect not only the fruits, but also all aboveground green plants, including the brushes. The most dangerous thing for grape berries is the action of anthracnose before flowering, in which case the disease affects the entire brush and does not allow the berries to ripen. As the disease progresses, specific spots begin to form on the ovaries and ridges, which distinguish anthracnose from other diseases.

Verticillium wilt of a plant

Verticillosis, namely the cause of this ailment, the pathogenic microorganism penetrates the root system through the soil and begins to multiply, while the supply of the shoot and the bunch of grapes is disrupted. Moisture ceases to flow to them. This ailment most often affects plants that have been recently planted, while external manifestations may appear only several years after infection. After 6 years, the grape bushes, which had all the symptoms of the disease, die, the disease no longer appears.

With this disease, grape berries dry out. The gardener suffers the strongest losses when the load on the bush increases. This is most often noted when the plant does not have enough moisture, with an increase in temperature indicators, as soon as the grapes begin to bear fruit. If the disease begins to progress, the leaves dry on the bush. One gets the impression that they are burnt, then the turn comes to shoots and bunches.

The plant becomes infected through the root system. Verticillary wilting can appear when the bush is planted in a place where the soil has already been previously infected with the disease. The increase in the percentage of the disease in plantings, in general, does not have a focus.

Buffalo leafhopper infestation

The microorganism that began to feed on the sap of the plant on the shoot and ridge makes specific damage in the form of rings up to 10 mm long, as a result of which the grapes, which received insufficient nutrients, will no longer please the owners.

As soon as the disease began to manifest itself, the leafhopper larvae begin to eat herbaceous plants under the grape bushes, and then mature pests begin to rise to the vine.

A vine that is affected by a buffalo leafhopper will not be able to produce a good and expected harvest, all the soil has simply dried up. The pest can appear due to the large vegetation near the vines. In order to overcome dangerous insects, it is necessary to treat the bushes with benzophosphate twice. Such cleaning should be carried out at the beginning of summer so that the disease does not begin to manifest itself, and in addition, it is necessary to clear the vineyard of weeds. In order to prevent the appearance of leafhoppers, plant beds of garlic or onions, these plants will certainly scare her away. You also need to weed the beds, to prevent the appearance of weeds.

Anthracnose

This disease is provoked by a fungus. It can overwinter on vines or leaf debris, even in bush tissues that have been affected. He "wakes up" with the maturation of the kidneys. For this, before wintering, it is necessary to carefully remove the remains of vegetation from the bushes, to process them for the winter. So that the disease does not begin to progress, this rule should not be forgotten. Anthracnose damages not only the berries, but the entire plant. It especially quickly affects the inflorescence.

On the berries, you can sometimes notice small, a few millimeters round, brown spots. Along the edges, you can see a clear rim or a bright, scarlet outline. Towards the end of the season, the specks will turn black and then begin to affect all the fruits. The berries do not fully ripen, dry up and then begin to sprinkle.

On leaves with shoots, the disease is noticeable at the very apogee. It is calculated by the spots on the leaves of a dark color, after the leaf has dried, holes may even appear on it. The shoot, if infected, begins to change color, becomes brittle, loses strength, and in winter it will freeze. The disease can affect the plant even in autumn, when the weather is still damp. Anthracnose develops especially intensively on rainy days, or during summer precipitation, at an air temperature of 23-26 degrees. The soil has not yet dried up, as various fungi and bacteria begin to develop in it. To prevent the onset of the disease, you need to spray the bushes after each rain with a copper-containing mixture.

When the berries ripen, the ridges bend and dry out

It is necessary to avoid breaking the ridges of the bunches that ripen. It's very simple, the bunches can bend on their own under their own weight, while not all berries receive the required amount of moisture and nutrients, and they will begin to wither.

The greatest danger of losing berries for the same reason is in hybrid varieties that form massive large clusters.

In order to avoid kinks, it is necessary to grow the plant using a mechanical structure. These can be arches or gazebos. The dangling brushes are not constrained and are perfectly formed, and the load is evenly distributed on the branches, and it will not bend. The grapes will always be ripe and juicy.

Another reason for the death of berries: the drying of the ridge. If visual causes, for example, symptoms of ailments of grape berries, are not found, and the brushes are not poured, and the berries are mummified, it may be necessary to pay attention to ridge drying.

Drying of berries was first noticed in the last century, this ailment has not yet been fully investigated, the only biologists know for sure that this is a kind of paralysis that slows down or stops the development of bunches. This is associated with changes in the field of metabolism, because it is on dry days that the disease, which leads to the drying out of grape berries, reminds of itself.

Drying out symptoms

Why do grapes dry? Symptoms that precede the drying out of the berries, plants, can be seen as dark brown spots at the place where the ridge forks. These spots can be seen during the ripening period, at that moment the berries retain their natural sugar.

Under the spots, the tissues die several balls of cells in depth, while the lack of moisture worsens the condition of the plant, and other areas are covered with necrosis. If the spots on the ridge are looped back, moisture no longer flows to the brush, which is located below, and the grapes, which are isolated from the influx of moisture, begin to dry out, mummify, lose their values, both external and commercial value.

If the grape ridges dry out, this can cause not only the death of the crop, but also the fact that mold and disease-causing fungi will appear on the site, which will cause secondary ailments in different crops.

Biologists have not investigated whether the grape variety affects this. But, some of the data from the studies could still be used. Own-rooted plants are less likely to be affected by the disease for grapes than grafted bushes, moreover, if they grow on a vigorous rootstock. Why this is so remains a mystery.

How to deal with drying out

Treatment of affected areas or all plants with fungicides or other drugs that protect the plants is considered ineffective. In some cases, if the grapes begin to dry out, a 0.55% solution of magnesium chloride or 3% magnesium sulfate will help. For preventive purposes, plants can also be treated a month or one and a half before the onset of the probable paralysis, and then several sprays can be carried out in a ten-day period.

For the purpose of highly effective prevention, at the moment when the berries begin to fill with the warmth of the sun and take on their color, the bunch and the area next to it are treated with a 5% solution of magnesium sulfate.

But, the most important and effective means in order to combat the drying out of grape ridges and berries, biologists consider the correct adherence to agrotechnical rules. Only if the pruning of the vine was carried out correctly, a balanced feeding was used, which included magnesium, the permissible percentage of nitrogen, and also with regular watering of the bushes in conjunction with chemical treatment and the addition of fertilizers, the appearance of ridge paralysis is excluded, and the crop is preserved.

When faced with a vine disease, novice growers often cannot determine why the leaves of the grapes are drying, what to do to prevent the death of the plant. There are many factors that affect the condition of a grape bush. The methods of dealing with diseases can also be different.

When growing grapes, many difficulties arise because of which you can lose a good harvest.

Features of grapes

In order to properly prescribe the treatment, you must first determine the cause of the disease, find out why the leaves of grapes dry and wither. By growing the culture of grapes in the northern regions, it is almost impossible to avoid various diseases of the grapes. Bushes sheltered for the winter often suffer from high humidity and poor air circulation, which favorably affects the reproduction of fungal diseases.

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What are the causes of disease?

The causes of diseases can be hidden not only in climatic conditions. Violation of the composition of the soil, lack of watering, cool or insufficiently sunny weather also affect the health of the plant. At the same time, not only do the grape leaves change color and dry out, but the crest of the vine dries out, the berries begin to crumble and the bush weakens greatly.

Plants affected by infectious diseases infect neighboring bushes. If no action is taken, the entire vineyard could die. Some of the diseases are quite difficult to treat, so the only way to get rid of them is to replace the plant with one that is immune to a specific type of pathogen.

The hallmark of mildew disease is yellow spots on the leaf surface.

One of the most common diseases of grapes is called mildew, its causative agent is a fungus that infects the leaves, shoots and berries of grapes. A distinctive feature of the disease is yellow spots on the surface of the leaf and traces of a powdery coating of white or grayish color on its lower part. This disease is contagious to neighboring grape bushes, so you need to start fighting it right away, barely noticing the first signs.

Dill sown around the grape bush can serve as a preventive measure for grape mildew. The main treatment for already diseased plants is the treatment with Bordeaux mixture in the interval between budding and flowering. In the early stages of the disease, treatment with the drug "Ridomil-gold" is effective, however, if there is a month or less left before the harvest, it is not recommended to carry out the treatment.

The second most common is the fungal disease oidium. It manifests itself, as a rule, during periods of drought, and the first sign of the disease is the appearance of characteristic ash-colored spots on the leaves of the plant. Subsequently, the leaves dry and fall off, and the berries crack and rot.

To avoid the appearance of this fungus, it is necessary that fresh air constantly circulates around the bush and between the shoots of the plant. This requires timely thinning of greenery and weeding. It is possible to eliminate the signs of the disease that have arisen with the help of a solution of colloidal sulfur, they are sprayed with the plant outside.

Gray mold also refers to fungal diseases. It arises in a warm and humid environment around the plant and spreads to its upper part without affecting the root system. Vernal disease manifests itself in the form of a gray and fluffy bloom on the leaves. When the leaves vibrate with the wind, the plaque crumbles, affecting the entire plant. The entire harvest is under threat, since the berries of the diseased grapes change color to brown and quickly rot.

A baking soda solution can help treat some grape ailments.

Of the simple means that help fight this fungal disease, you can use a solution of baking soda (0.5 tsp per 1 liter of water), which the plant is treated with after removing the affected parts.

All leaves and shoots affected by gray rot must not only be removed from the bush, but also burned in order to avoid spreading the disease to surrounding plants.

Drying of grape leaves can also be triggered by cerkososporiasis. This is another of the fungal diseases, which manifests itself in the appearance of an olive-colored bloom on the underside of the leaves, after which the leaves quickly crumble, and the bloom passes onto the bunches, making the berries hardened, and adding a lilac shade to their natural color. Berries crumble at any touch.

The infected parts of the plant must be removed and burned, and the remaining bush must be treated several times with Bordeaux mixture.

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Less common grape diseases

Rubella is the oldest known infectious grape disease. The disease manifests itself during the hottest time of the summer season, and, as the name suggests, manifests itself in the reddening of the leaves of the plant. At first, the leaves turn red, then they become thicker, acquiring smoothness and fragility due to a lack of potassium. The application of a fertilizer containing 1% potassium nitrate will help to cope with the threat of crop loss. As a rule, fertilizer is applied by spraying before sunrise or after sunset so that the leaves are not additionally damaged by sunburn.

It will take 3-5 approaches of spraying with an interval of about 10 days between them.

Phomopsis disease is manifested by drying of leaves and shoots, and the presence of black spots.

Alternaria disease manifests itself in hot and humid weather. Symptoms of the disease are similar to powdery mildew, as they appear as light spots on the surface of the leaf with necrotic foci in the center. At first, a dry border forms on the leaves, similar to the symptoms of a lack of potassium. During the rainy season, the leaf darkens, mold forms on it. The berries are first covered with a metallic sheen, then a velvety bloom characteristic of mold. For the treatment of grapes, in this case, drugs from systemic fungicides are used: "Skor", "Quadris", "Kolfugo super", etc. The time period between treatments is 10-14 days.

A disease similar in symptoms to black rot, and accompanied by escoriasis, drying of leaves and shoots, and the presence of black spots is called phomopsis. In this case, the disease affects the berries immediately after the flowering period, and they begin to rot after 6-7 weeks. Dried bunches and shoots fall off.
Protect the plant from disease by timely autumn pruning of shoots and burning damaged parts. Additionally, spraying with Bordeaux liquid or zuparen is used.

Of the pests, the population of spider mites can cause reddening of the leaves. To get rid of it, the plant is treated with special preparations.

There is no grape variety that is not susceptible to disease. But you can initially select for cultivation those varieties that are less susceptible to disease and have increased resistance to fungal diseases.

Timely care, removal of diseased shoots and leaves, feeding and spraying will help to save both plants and crops.

Many gardeners grow grapes in their area, which is a real treasure for the content of useful vitamins and minerals that our body needs so much. They are not even stopped by the many difficulties they have to face, including the manifestation of various diseases. As a result, the leaves begin to turn yellow and fall off. In this regard, it is important to understand why grapes dry up and determine the main reasons before it is too late.

When breeding grapes, it is necessary to take into account many factors and characteristics for its normal development and growth. To preserve the crop, it is necessary to determine the reasons why the cuttings and leaves of the plant dry up and what to do in this case. This can be influenced by many factors. In this regard, the methods of struggle can also be different.

Causes

In order to choose the right method for treating grapes, it is necessary to understand the reason why its leaves and cuttings dry. Depending on this, it will become clear what to do next. The berry culture does not tolerate low temperatures, so those who live in the northern regions most often face grape diseases.

Many gardeners cover the bushes for the winter to protect them from the cold. But in some cases, it can do more harm than good. Under such protection, the air usually stagnates, and this leads to an increase in the level of humidity. In such favorable conditions, with poor ventilation, various fungi begin to appear and actively multiply.

A berry can catch an infection if basic rules are not followed:
wrong soil composition;

insufficient watering;
little light;
lack of heat.

This leads not only to the dropping of leaves and fruits, but also the plant itself is significantly weakened.

A diseased plant can pose a serious threat to still healthy bushes, as fungi, viruses and bacteria are carried by the wind. In some cases, the problem is solved by replacing the affected plants with more resistant varieties. If you do not take any action, then you can lose the entire vineyard. The most common fungal and viral diseases are, and others.

Low nitrogen

Another most common reason why vine cuttings dry out is due to insufficient nitrogen in the soil. This is manifested as follows - the leaves begin to gradually brighten, and then dry out completely. The way out of this situation will be the introduction. You can use special compounds purchased from a store or fertilize the land with cow, chicken manure.

Pests

Uninvited small guests can also be the reason why grape leaves and cuttings dry. Other insects can be noted among the most frequent visitors. Some of them are so small that they can only be seen under a magnifying glass. If these pests are found, it is necessary to immediately treat the plant with insecticides. If ticks are found, they need to be dealt with with acaricides. They can be recognized by their yellow-red hue, and their habitats are mainly found in the lower part of the leaves.

Some of the most dangerous diseases

The reasons why grape cuttings and leaves dry out are not only due to improper care. This can be due to diseases, among which the most dangerous are found.

Chlorosis

In addition to poor climatic conditions, grape cuttings with leaves can dry out due to damage to the plant by some disease. The most dangerous of them is considered. It appears when the soil is rich in carbonate compounds. The disease manifests itself in the form of yellowing of the soft parts of the leaves, which fall off over time. And if new leaves grow in their place, then they are much smaller and very thin. In advanced cases, the disease has a bad effect on the fruits themselves - they become noticeably smaller. Chlorosis affects not only cuttings and leaves, the plant suffers completely.

The peak of the disease occurs in the spring or in the second half of the summer. As a good prevention of the disease, a regular procedure for loosening the soil is necessary. This helps to evaporate excess moisture and improve air exchange in the soil.

Spring Fever

The most common fungal disease is, which is found in almost any region where grapes are grown. Infection occurs in spring, and the reason why the leaves turn yellow and dry is the fungus Botrytis cinerea. A warm and humid environment is favorable for its occurrence.
First of all, the disease affects the cuttings and leaves, on which you can see a gray fluffy bloom. If you shake them off slightly, it crumbles. As a result, the fungus quickly spreads to healthy parts of the plant. It is especially hard for grapes that are just beginning to ripen or are already ripe.

Under the influence of the fungus, the berries acquire a brown hue and quickly rot. And such fruits are no longer suitable for consumption.
Fighting the disease is easy. To do this, it is necessary to cut off and burn all the affected parts of the plant. Then the bush should be sprayed with a solution of baking soda at the rate of a teaspoon per liter of water. Liquid green soap works too. But the best solution would be to purchase seedlings resistant to this disease, which are already available.

Despite the danger, the fungus can be beneficial.

When the fungus infects a berry on the eve of harvest, it allows the production of elite class dessert wines (Tokay, Sauternes). Due to the action of the fungus, the skin of the grapes is quickly destroyed. This contributes to an increase in the sugar level in the fruit juice. Therefore, in some cases, the fungus is applied to the bunches intentionally.

The most dangerous fungus

One more a dangerous fungal disease is named - known about but to anyone who grows grapes. The affected plant is immediately visible - spots can be seen on the leaves, which acquire a pale yellow or light green tint. Over time, these spots increase, and their color
it changes from light and green to red. At the same time, a powdery white bloom can be seen on the underside of the leaves.

The fungus "moves" very quickly, rapidly forming new spores, and infects neighboring plants. In addition to leaves, berries, stems and roots are at risk.
Fight with such a disease should be even before the first signs of infection appear, in order to avoid loss of labor. First of all, the grapes must be planted in suitable conditions. That is, the place should be well ventilated and located away from the lowlands, where moisture usually accumulates. Regular watering, groundbait, loosening the soil, mulching are good prevention against this disease. Chemical treatment of the plant will also not interfere. Planting dill around grapes also helps.

If the plant is already infected, then it can be sprayed with Bordeaux mixture (1%) or Ridomil-gold. Spraying should be stopped only 30 days before harvesting. In general, if frequent cases of mildew damage to plants are noticed in the area of residence, choose plant varieties that are resistant to this disease.

Red disease

Rubella has been known since the time when grapes were grown. It is usually non-infectious and usually occurs during hot weather, most often in July. The leaves take on a bright red hue, which indicates a lack of potassium. The situation can be corrected by the timely introduction of potassium nitrate (1%). If nothing is done, the grapes will die, and then there can be no question of any harvest.

Rubella of an infectious nature is acquired due to the influence of the marsupial fungus ascomycete. You can fight infection chemically using fungicides. The main thing is that the harmful effects of these drugs are safe for humans and animals. Some remedies affect only the affected parts of the plant themselves (Rovral, Omite). Others affect the whole plant as a whole (Quadris, Bayleton, Fundazol). And there are those that differ in the combined combination of the first two types of drugs (Karbis Top, Gold, Reed).

Biological agents are not toxic, but have a short-term effect. For this reason, they are only good at the initial stage of fungal attack. Among many biological products, Gaupsin has proven itself well, the effectiveness of which is 90% and is effective for two weeks. Moreover, it is completely safe for both humans and all animals and insects.
Along with these methods, timely removal and burning of damaged parts of the plant, cutting off excess branches and leaves, and other preventive measures help.

Preventive measures

It will not be possible to completely protect grapes from the occurrence of diseases, but all risks can be minimized. So what should you do? First of all, it is worth buying shoots only in specialized stores where healthy seedlings are sold. This will prevent disease during the first 2-3 years.

Grapes do not tolerate careless handling, they need regular and proper care, which includes regular watering and loosening of the soil. This contributes to normal air exchange in the soil.

Fertilization is also a prerequisite. It is not at all necessary to purchase expensive formulations, it is enough to use natural fertilizers (cow or chicken manure).

It is necessary to regularly inspect the plant and, if insects are found, to carry out processing with special compounds in a timely manner.

During the inspection, you can cut off excess branches and leaves, which also improves air exchange and protects against fungi.

Conclusion

As you can understand, there are many reasons why grapes dry out. This mainly happens due to the defeat of some kind of disease. Therefore, before starting to cultivate this garden culture, it is worth taking a closer look at resistant varieties of plants, which will avoid the harmful effects of various fungi and bacteria. Nowadays, in almost any city, such varieties are bred in sufficient quantities. Therefore, there will be no problems with the purchase of seedlings or seeds.

But if you regularly take care of the grapes and take timely measures, then no diseases are terrible for him. In this case, a good harvest will be all year round.

To get a good harvest from a vineyard, you need to give it a decent part of your free time, because this culture loves regular maintenance. However, it often happens that healthy bushes in spring begin to take on a very sad appearance during the fruiting period - even large clusters gradually wither and dry out.

There can be many reasons why grape clusters dry, but the most common of them include:

the defeat of the bushes by fungal diseases;
care errors.

Diseases in which bunches dry

The most dangerous cause of drying out of grapes is diseases caused by fungi. The following lesions can lead to a massive loss of crops:

... Treat bushes with copper-containing preparations (Quadris, Ridomil Gold). For prophylaxis, seedlings must be placed spaciously and cut in a timely manner.
Anthractosis... It thrives on rainy and hot summer days. Spray the grapes with copper sulfate, and after two weeks - with Previkur or Fundazol.
Verticellosis... There is no complete cure scheme yet, but to prevent the spread of the disease, it is necessary to treat the vineyard with fungicides once a month (copper oxychloride, Fundazol, copper sulfate), while introducing them into the soil. For prevention, you should correctly distribute the load of the crop, avoid waterlogging and overfeeding with nitrogen.

Inaccuracies in care

The grapes can dry out even in the absence. Often, wrong actions of gardeners lead to loss of crops, such as:

Overfilling... Although it is not recommended to water the shrubs during the ripening period, in hot and dry summers a couple of buckets of water will help to avoid the reduction in the size of the berries and their subsequent drying out. The main thing is not to overdo it, especially during the rainy season, because high humidity leads to similar consequences.
No load regulation... If the bush has formed many brushes, it is necessary to remove some of them, especially for young plants. Otherwise, the grapes simply do not have the strength to "pull out" the entire harvest and it will dry out.
Lack of support... A prerequisite for growing grapes is to create a support for the bush. If it is not there, then the ridges of the bunches can bend under the weight of the berries, and then the redistribution of nutrients and moisture throughout the brush is disrupted, as a result of which it dries out partially.

If the bush grows on the south side of the site, it is possible to get bunches of burns under the influence of direct sunlight. To avoid this situation, experienced gardeners do not completely remove stepchildren where brushes have formed on the vine, so that they protect them from the sun.