Jibs and blocks in frame construction. Ukosiny in the construction of a frame house Ukosiny in a frame wall

The reliability of the frame house, its degree of resistance to wind, snow, other adverse weather conditions, the service life of such a structure are determined by the rigidity of its structure. The most popular method of reinforcing the frame is the installation of jibs. Let's figure out whether it is worth wasting our time and energy on installing jibs or is it possible to do without them.

What are jibs and what are they

Ukosiny - these are additional components of the house frame, which provide an increase in the degree of reliability of the structure of the structure and increase the life of the building. These elements are usually mounted at an angle of 45 °, this indicator changes to 60 ° if the installation of jibs is carried out next to door or window openings, as well as with places of wall adjacencies.

Most often, the jib is a wooden beam, worked from a board with a cross section of 25 to 100 mm. This size in most cases is optimal and the use of larger elements of the reinforcement of the frame, as a rule, is impractical. Ukosin with the mentioned section strengthen the construction of the house, but at the same time they do not burden and do not create an additional load on the foundation.

Used jibs and metal. They are heavier and unpopular in Russia. In the United States, by contrast, metal jibs are more common. The advantage of such jibs is their low price and high installation speed.

The disadvantage of these jibs in comparison with wooden ones is that the latter can withstand both compression and stretching, while metal ones only withstand stretching. Therefore, when mounting jibs from metal, you have to put them crosswise for adequate resistance to a changing load vector. In addition, before installing metal components, additional waterproofing work is required.

Ukosin can be installed both permanently and temporarily. The need for the installation of temporary jibs arises if tile wall sheathing (OSB plates) has not yet been equipped, however, the frame structure needs to be strengthened for the duration of this work.

Why you can not do without jib

The frame house itself is a fairly solid structure, however, its construction requires strengthening. The fact is that the components of the frame before installing the jibs are only parallel and perpendicular to each other. This arrangement of the frame elements makes it unstable to displacements of the soil, wind and other "transverse" loads.

If there are no stiffening elements in the frame of the building, then such a house is at risk of losing the geometry of the structure, deformation of both the external and internal finishes. It is possible that under the influence of serious lateral loads, the house may “form”.

The lack of rigidity of the frame leads to a decrease in the durability index of the structure of the house as a whole. Not such radical, but rather unpleasant consequences of the lack of reinforcement of the frame are heat losses due to the fact that the insulating layer loses its integrity when the walls are displaced.

The result of an incorrect distribution of jibs and their insufficient number

So, the result of the correct installation of jibs is:

prevention of wall vibrations and destruction under the influence of weather factors;
lack of deformation of walls and internal partitions under loads;
stiffening of load-bearing structures;
more reliable fixing inside the walls of heat-insulating materials;
ensuring uniform load distribution between the elements of the frame.

After the installation of the jibs, the frame house building will successfully resist the heavy wind, landslides and even earthquakes. Snow that has accumulated on the roof in the winter will also not pose a threat to the integrity of the house.

Is there a possibility of rejection of jibs

Recently, plywood sheathing or OSB (oriented chipboard) have been increasingly playing the role of jibs. The use of plywood is more justified, since it has a high coefficient of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard and OSB.

Nevertheless, even those frame houses that are sheathed with high-quality plywood, but devoid of jibs, often do not withstand the impacts of the elements, although they are adapted for normal loads under normal conditions.

Ukosins can not be set only during the construction of small frame structures, which are not residential buildings, but have, for example, an economic purpose. So, frame garages, sheds or toilets may well do with sheathing without installing jibs, because due to the small area of \u200b\u200bthe supporting elements they are less susceptible to wind and other weather conditions.

Aftermath of a gale

You should know that the casing should be made of strong material, supplied in the form of relatively large components. Finishing elements must be positioned similar to the jibs - at an angle of 45 °

Typical problems

In order for the jibs to really perform their function efficiently and justify the financial and labor investments in their installation, one should strictly adhere to the basic rules for installing these structures.

Here are some installation secrets:

the jibs must be cut into the upper, lower horizontal strapping of the frame and into the vertical posts - only this way the frame will become as rigid as possible;
the installation of jibs inside is less convenient, but ensures the guaranteed absence of "cold bridges";
when attaching jibs to frame elements, only nails should be used, but not self-tapping screws;
on one wall it is enough to install only two multidirectional jibs. A greater number of reinforcing elements is unlikely to significantly increase the degree of rigidity of the frame;
installation should be made from the central part of the lower beam to the corners at the top. This installation procedure will ensure the formation of a right triangle between the stiffeners and the corner stand;
if the jibs are installed exclusively on the external walls of the structure, then most of the static load falls on them, and not on the internal partitions.

Remember: the installation of jibs does not guarantee the protection of the house from external loads in the event that the material of these elements is selected incorrectly or the installation process is made with errors.

The consequences of errors in the selection of material and installation:

the use of hollow jibs - the degree of their wear resistance is low;
a similar problem occurs when choosing jibs with a small cross-section and generally low-quality lumber;
the choice of strips or strips of metal for large houses as jibs - such reinforcing elements are more suitable for small buildings;
the use of poorly dried wood - after drying in the areas of the components' joints, gaps are formed and the rigidity of the structure decreases;
installation of jibs in the corners is fraught with a decrease in the stability index of the structure as a whole.

Obviously, the use of jibs is a prerequisite for strengthening a frame residential building. The structures in which such a solution was implemented will last a sufficiently long period during which they will successfully withstand the elements and other loads. Thus, the jibs actually insure the owner from much greater losses than those associated with the manufacture and installation of these elements.

You need to know the main rule - the installation of jibs. Ukosina is an important one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without this detail, the house will be shaky, easily exposed to the forces of nature and its service life will be reduced by dozens of times.

Ukosiny: necessity or myth

There is a popular opinion, “myths” about the need for mowing:
1. mowing - this is an extra cost of time and money during construction. So, people can argue far from the construction business. As mentioned earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element is its rigidity.
2. They can be replaced with external cladding. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the external finish should be made of tile material or the finish boards should be at an angle of 45 degrees.
3. For internal walls (partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the construction of the house from the wind, snow on the roof and the static load from the roof itself will be perceived only by the external walls. Partitions without jibs will undergo deformation, and all interior decoration will be broken, and cracks will appear.
4. Spacers are jibs. Often, developers confuse struts with struts. In construction, spacers are used when the wall height is 3 m or more. This is done to eliminate the effect of the "spring" on the board. But they do not give the construction of the house the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jigs in a frame house - a must!

If you still doubt the installation of jibs when building a house and hope that they can be replaced with sheet cladding or plates (chipboard, OSB), then on the Internet you can find a lot of photos of houses without jibs that refute your hopes.

Consider what gives the use of jib when building a house:
Without the use of these parts, the frame and the whole house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
Prevents deformation and damage to the external and internal decoration of the house.
Eliminates the "walk" of the inter-wall insulation.
It stabilizes the house and prevents it from forming.
Wind load, "snow" load and static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure of the building.

Correct mowing

In the construction, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to correctly manufacture and secure them:
1. The angle of installation of the jib - 45 ° (ideal angle, provides maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings, it is not always possible to withstand this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60 ° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
2. Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
3. Correctly install the jib from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the overlap of the vertical strut with the upper harness. At the top, the jibs should fit tightly (without gaps) to the faces of the uprights and the upper floor.
4. When installing jibs under them in vertical racks, in the upper and lower piping, it is necessary to perform grooves for jibs. The depth of the groove is performed depending on the thickness of the jib. In the steel frame, the jib must go inside the metal profile of the posts.
5. The dimensions of the cross section of the jibs are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
6. Fasten the corner stiffeners to each upright with two nails.

Errors that can be made when installing jibs:

Use of forest with unnatural humidity. With further drying, the boards “dry out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller than those necessary to counter the loads.
The use of low-quality lumber.
Placement of jibs in the corners. It reduces the rigidity and stability of the structure.

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs
Failure to use jibs in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:
destruction of the house under the influence of snow and wind loads;
the outer plywood sheathing (it has a high degree of spatial rigidity compared to chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
under the influence of soil movement, a house can itself “walk”;

Temporary mowing
Installation of temporary jibs is a necessary stage at the stage of erecting a building frame. They are used:
During installation of corner posts. Temporary jibs do not allow the connection of the corner post with the lower harness to loose until the upper harness is installed.
To align the frame walls and eliminate the following problems when installing doors, windows, interior and exterior decoration. When the doors are not hung and the tiles do not converge in the corner.
For installation and alignment of rafters under the roof.

The procedure for installing temporary jibs:
1. First, align the corners. For this operation, you can use the bubble or laser level. You can also use the "American" method. Fix the level on a board with a height-long wall.
2. Temporary jibs are attached with blocks fixed below to the floor or platform, above to the upper lags.
3. The installation step of the jib is from 1.2 m to 1.5 m. It is made of a board with a cross section of 25x150 mm.
With the help of temporary mowing, you can fix significant defects by creating the necessary leverage.

DIY do-it-yourself

Ukosins, although a crucial element of a frame house, but to make them yourself will not be particularly difficult:
1. As a rule, use a board with a cross section of 25x100 mm (for areas with increased wind load, a cross section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
2. We apply to vertical racks at an angle of 45 - 60 ° (depending on the wall structure, where it turns out). Mark the grooves in the racks, from the upper to the lower lags. Ukosina should come from the center of the wall, the top is directed towards the upper corner of the rack, the bottom is taken as far as possible to the maximum distance.
3. We make grooves with an ordinary hacksaw or a hand circular saw and remove the tree with a chisel. The outlines also cut the corners of the jib itself.
4. Ukosina should fit snugly into the grooves to ensure maximum rigidity.
5. In the places of window and doorways, it is recommended to place the jibs from the corner to the hole. Thus, additional fastening of the pillars of the openings is carried out.
6. The struts are fastened with nails of 2 pcs. on each vertical rack and 3 pieces. on the upper and lower harness.
Following these steps in the manufacture of jibs, you will receive the necessary rigidity of your design for the perception of wind and snow loads.

For what purposes put jibs in a frame house? When are they needed, and when can you do without them? What are the jibs and how to install them correctly?

The base of the frame house, as the name implies, is the inner frame. It is from him, mainly, that the strength and durability of the house depend. Therefore, it is very important to purchase quality materials for the frame and assemble it correctly.

Most often, coniferous wood is used for the frame, much less often - deciduous species and metal. For racks that accept vertical loads, glued beams are best suited. The jumpers that distribute the vertical load are made of boards.

Stages of building a frame house:

foundation device;
laying the bars of the lower harness and their fasteners to the foundation;
installation of racks;
installation of the upper tier;
frame reinforcement;
installation of ceiling beams and roofing;
warming;
exterior and interior decoration.

The frame is a rather massive structure made of durable material. Why is additional reinforcement of the frame carried out (fifth stage), and is it possible to do without it?

Why are jibs needed?

All parts in the frame are parallel and perpendicular to each other, so they are not resistant to lateral loads, such as "walking" the ground, the effects of snow or wind.

To give the necessary rigidity, the jibs are built into the frame. These are diagonal elements that will not only stabilize the structure, but also keep the outside of the house from “walking” in or out.

If there are no stiffeners in the structure, it can lose geometry, which will lead to deformation of the external and internal finishes. Strong side loads can even “fold” the house. Less noticeable consequences are heat loss due to a violation of the integrity of the insulation layer and a decrease in the durability of the house. Thus, the installation of these elements is justified, despite the additional costs of materials, labor and time.

Sometimes, instead of jibs, they put struts between the racks, which is less time-consuming. However, such spacers add only vertical stiffness and do not prevent “folding”.

When is the installation of jibs not required? For small buildings, such as a utility unit, garage, toilet. If the house uses an oblique external crate. If the facing material is strong and has a large size, for example, OSP-3 boards or strong plywood.

Installation of permanent jibs

We will figure out how to correctly install the jibs that will stand in the house throughout the entire service life.

Stiffeners should be placed not only in external walls, but also in partitions.

Ideally, if the installation angle is 45 °. However, due to window and doorways, it is not always possible to observe it. In this case, you can increase the angle to 60 °.

Installation is made from the center of the lower wall beam to the upper corners. As a result, the stiffeners form a right triangle with an angular stand.

In places where door and window frames are installed, it is better to direct the jib from the corners to these openings in order to further fix these elements.

For a snug fit, it is necessary to embed the jibs into the frame elements, cutting out the grooves of the required depth and width. Correctly mounted jibs fit snugly against the frame elements and do not interfere with the lining.

At least two parts must be placed on each wall and placed at the edges where the outer corners are.

In order for the house to be stabilized in both directions, one jib on the outer wall is made with a slope to the left, the other at the opposite end of the same wall - with a slope to the right.

For ease of installation, stiffeners are best placed on the outside of the walls. However, if you follow the laws of thermophysics, then it is more efficient to install them from the inside. So they will less increase the heat transfer of insulated walls.

Fastening is done with nails: 2-3 pcs. for connection with a rack and 3 pcs. - with upper and lower harness. Self-tapping screws for the construction of a frame house can not be used.

Sometimes builders make stiffeners from the remnants of the boards and fasten them only in accessible places. You can’t do this. It is necessary to use boards whose length is at least a third greater than the distance from the floor to the ceiling of the house.

Stiffeners should be solid, without voids. The best material for them is a 25 mm thick coniferous wood board. Thicker and, accordingly, expensive boards are not necessary. Firstly, even such materials perfectly perform their functions. Secondly, the jib cuts into the frame, and the greater its thickness, the greater the likelihood of weakening of the frame.

Boards must be well dried. If they are too wet, then with further drying, the gap between them and the frame elements expands and the structural rigidity decreases.

The insulation along the edges of the boards used for expansion and stiffness must be cut to their thickness. Otherwise, air bags will form around the edges, which will negatively affect the thermal insulation of the house.

Installation of temporary jibs

Temporary stiffness bonds are placed at the third stage of construction, if permanent are not planned. They fix the corner and intermediate racks so that they do not “walk” until the upper harness is attached.

In addition, temporary elements are installed to align the frame walls. This avoids distortions that make interior decoration difficult.

How to make temporary mowing? First you need to align the corners with a plumb line or level. Then mounted boards, overlay, in increments of 1.2 to 1.5 m. It is better not to save on their number. They are attached to the upper and lower nails. Before sheathing, temporary embedded elements are removed.

When building a reliable frame house, you need to know the main rule - the installation of jibs. Ukosina is an important one of the main elements to ensure the rigidity and stability of the structure of your wooden house. Without a part, the house will be shaky, easily succumb to the forces of nature and its service life will be reduced by a factor of ten.

Ukosiny: necessity or myth

People are of the opinion, "myths" about the need for mowing:

Ukosin - This is the extra cost of time and money during construction. So, people can argue far from the construction business. As mentioned earlier, the fundamental role of this structural element is its rigidity. Resistance to wind gusts, heavy snowfall is practically reduced to zero.
They can be replaced with external casing. You can do without them if you are going to build a barn or other outbuilding. However, the external finish should be made of tile material or the finish boards should be at an angle of 45 degrees.
For interior walls (partitions) they can be neglected. In this case, the load perceived by the construction of the house from the wind, snow on the roof and the static load from the roof itself will be perceived only by the external walls. Partitions without jibs will undergo deformation, and all interior decoration will be broken, and cracks will appear.
Spacers - these are jibs. Often, developers confuse struts with jibs. In construction, spacers are used when the wall height is 3m or more. This is done to eliminate the effect of the "spring" on the board. But they do not give the construction of the house the necessary rigidity and stability in three-dimensional space.

Jigs in a frame house - a must!

Consider what gives the use of jib when building a house:

Without the use of these parts, the frame and the whole house will not have sufficient reliability and durability.
Prevent deformation and damage to the external and internal decoration of the house.
Eliminate the "walk" of the inter-wall insulation.
It stabilizes the house and prevents it from forming.
The wind load, the “snow” load lying on the roof, and the static load from the roof itself are distributed evenly over the entire frame structure of the house.

Correct mowing

In the construction of a frame house, it is important not only to provide for the presence of jibs, but also to correctly manufacture and secure them:

Jib angle - 45 ° (ideal angle for maximum structural rigidity). In places where there are door and window openings, it is not always possible to withstand this angle. Therefore, an angle of 60 ° is allowed, and an increase in the angle is compensated by an increase in the number of jibs.
Do not use hollow jibs. An exception may be small one-story buildings with flexible diagonal connections.
Correctly install the jibs from the bottom from the center of the wall up to the overlap of the vertical rack with upper harness. At the top, the jibs should fit tightly (without gaps) to the faces of the uprights and the upper floor.
When installing jibs under them in vertical racks, in the upper and lower harness must be done, grooves under the jib. The depth of the groove is performed depending on the thickness of the jib. In the steel frame, the jib must go inside the metal profile of the posts.
The dimensions of the cross section of the jibs are calculated depending on the requirements of SNiP for each region separately.
Attach corner stiffeners to each upright with two nails.

Errors that can be made when installing jibs:

Use of forest with unnatural humidity. With further drying, the boards “dry out” and gaps form in tight joints. The rigidity of the structure is significantly reduced.
The cross-sectional dimensions of the frame elements are smaller necessary to counter loads.
The use of low-quality lumber.
To place jibs in the corners. It reduces the rigidity and stability of the structure.

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs

Failure to use jibs in the construction of a frame house can lead to disastrous consequences:

house destruction under the influence of snow and wind loads;
external plywood sheathing (it has the highest degree of spatial rigidity in comparison with chipboard, OSB, etc.) does not provide the necessary rigidity;
under the influence of soil movement, a house can itself “walk”;

Temporary mowing

Installation of temporary jibs is a necessary stage at the stage of erecting a house frame. They are used:

During installation of corner posts. Temporary jibs do not allow the connection of the corner post with the lower harness to loose until the upper harness is installed.
For leveling frame walls and eliminate subsequent problems during the installation of doors, windows, interior and exterior decoration. When the doors are not hung and the tiles do not converge in the corner.
For installation and alignment of rafters under the roof.

The procedure for installing temporary jibs:

First, align the corners. For this operation, you can use the usual plumb, bubble or laser level. You can also use the "American" method. Fix the level on a board with a height-long wall.
Temporary jibs are secured in blocksfixed below to the floor or platform, above to the upper lags.
The pitch of the jib is from 1.2m to 1.5m. They are made of an inch board (section 25x150 mm).

With the help of temporary mowing, you can fix significant defects by creating the necessary lever.

DIY do-it-yourself

Ukosiny, although a crucial element of a frame house, but to make them yourself will not be particularly difficult:

As a rule, use a board with a cross section of 25x100 mm (for areas with increased wind load, a cross section of 50x100 mm is recommended). The length of the board should be 30% longer than the height of the wall.
We apply to vertical racks at an angle of 45 - 60 ° (depending on the design of the wall, where it turns out). Mark the grooves in the racks, in the upper and lower lags. Ukosina should go out of the center of the wall, the top is directed towards the upper corner of the rack, the bottom is taken as far as possible to the maximum distance.
Using a conventional hacksaw or a hand-held circular saw, cut the grooves and a chisel to remove wood. The outlines also cut the corners of the jib itself.
Ukosina should fit tightly into the grooves, for maximum rigidity.
In places of window and door openings, jibs are recommended to be placed from the corner to the opening. Thus, additional fastening of the pillars of the openings is carried out.
The struts are fastened with nails of 2 pcs. on each vertical rack and 3 pieces. on the upper and lower harness.

Following these steps in the manufacture of jibs, you will receive the necessary rigidity of your design for the perception of wind and snow loads.

Jibs in a frame house

We continue the series of texts on the wall nodes of the frame house. Finally, we reached the jib. Frame house- An important element of the wall, which is needed so that the house does not form in any direction after construction. If you read the news about negligent builders on the forum, you probably saw such situations.

In order for your frame house to stand for a long time and firmly, jaws cut into the racks of the walls of the frame house.

Important: the jib of the frame house should cut into an angle of 45-60 degrees in both harnesses (lower and upper). Sometimes the second upper harness also crashes (as in the picture above), but less often.

Video about how to embed a jib in a frame house? How to do it in 1 minute

Ukosinit is necessary to apply if plate cladding is not planned on the walls (OSP-3, plywood). With slab sheathing, jibs are not needed; it is more than 5 times stronger than jibs (if it is OSB or 12 mm plywood). But for a frame one-story house and jibs is enough.

In any case (with or without plate cladding), you will need temporary mowing.

Temporary jibs in a frame house

Temporary jibs are used at the stage immediately after raising the walls, while they are not yet fixed on top with lags of the ceiling, and plate cladding is also not installed. Temporary jibs help the walls not to fall and stand in the right place. It is better not to save on the number of boards, then they are easy to remove.

It all looks like this:

Little bonus:
How to raise a cladding wall (Photo). Notice, even with slabs, the builder puts temporary mowing.

Although this is not often done, but maybe someone will decide that he is more comfortable with it. I didn’t translate, everything seems to be clear.

Little bonus number 2:
How to fix the second upper wall trim frame (photo)

Ask questions in the comments or personally to me in individual consultations, and also remind you that our design team will develop an individual frame house project for you in accordance with all your wishes.

Ukosina - an inclined beam, the purpose of which is to support a vertical structure or part of it.

In construction, they are used to increase the rigidity of the frame. The struts in the frame house are installed to increase the stability and strength of the frame.

Frame house, the role of mowing

In Russia, frame houses began to be built after many years of their construction in America and Europe. Formed Canadian and Finnish frame technology. Huge experience in frame construction has been accumulated. All errors, shortcomings and their impact on the operation of houses are summarized in the Rules or the Code. Some of its provisions have been translated, included in the Code of Rules for the Design and Construction of Frame Houses, in force in Russia. The code allows you to use someone else’s experience, build frame houses without errors from available materials. Unfortunately, in practice, the rules are distorted due to the desire to reduce the cost and simplify the construction. Re-mastering takes place at the level of design, selection of materials, construction itself. As a result, consumers form a misconception about frame technology, the operational qualities of such houses.

Racks, logs and floors are at right angles or parallel to each other. Without the use of special stabilizing elements, a house can “form”. Such an element is a chisel, a bar mounted and fixed at an angle to the uprights. A house with walls containing such reinforcing elements can withstand any gusts of wind or earthquake.

Among Russian builders, it was widely believed that jibs for a frame house are optional. Despite this, such an element of the foundation of the house is essential. Cladding with plates can replace them only when creating small buildings for household purposes. The absence of jibs for a residential building threatens with destruction, which begins with the deformation of the internal and external finishes, the displacement of the insulating layer.

Expert Opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Ask an expert a question

In frame houses, being built at the beginning, the jibs were not always used. Instead, sheathed the house with planks set at 45 °, herringbone. Many years of experience have proved the unreliability of this method, it is used for non-residential buildings of small area.

Ways to increase the stiffness of the foundation of the house

To increase the stability of the frame used:

Wooden jib set at an angle of 45 °. If adjoining walls, door or window openings do not allow to withstand just such an angle, it is increased to 60 °, sometimes more. The increase in the angle should be compensated by installing more elements on the wall. For reliable stabilization of the frame, a board of 25 X 100 mm is sufficient, embedded in the boards of the upper and lower trim. The use of larger slats leads to unreasonable costs for materials. The lower edge of the plank is placed closer to the center of the house, the upper - to the perimeter. Wooden jibs are strong, slightly weight the frame, withstand tensile and compression loads.
Metal jibs are most common in North America, rarely used in Russia due to their considerable weight and susceptibility to corrosion. They attract with low cost and quick installation. Metal jibs are also cut into the upper and lower casing, but they are installed with a cross. This is due to the fact that the metal strips withstand only tensile loads and do not withstand compression. The installation of two elements with a cross allows you to compensate for loads of any direction.
External cladding with plywood or oriented particle boards. Attached to the uprights and planks of the lower trim, they form a triangle.

Which way to choose depends on specific conditions: building area, climate, purpose, number of storeys. Combination of jib material is possible.

Expert Opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

Ask an expert a question

Jibs should not be confused with spacers. Spacers have a different purpose, they are installed according to completely different rules. The spacer serves to eliminate the spring effect of the boards with a large wall height (from 3 m).

What causes the absence of stabilizing elements, their incorrect installation

An illiterate approach to the design of frame structures leads to a loss of strength, durability of the house. In the absence of jibs in the bearing walls and partitions, the structure does not withstand even one year. They withstand displacement, lateral loads. Engineering calculation is required taking into account the maximum snow and wind loads.

What to consider when installing the jib

To jib reliably strengthen the frame of the building, when installing it, you must follow the rules:

The thickness of the plank is up to one fourth of the wall thickness.
They cut the jib into the planks of the harnesses and the racks of the wall flush.
At least two elements are installed on one wall in different directions: the slope of one to the left, the other to the right.
If the jib is installed before the wall is raised, in a lying position, then it is not necessary to fix it rigidly, so that after installing the wall in a vertical position, the bar can be adjusted.
Installing juts on the inside of the wall is more rational in terms of the formation of cold bridges. From the outside it is more convenient to mount. On the diagonal stiffness, the choice of the side of the wall is not reflected.

Temporary items

Temporary struts support the walls after they are erected until they are permanently fixed to the lags of the ceiling, and the installation of the casing.

Expert Opinion

Mikhail Fromov

Construction of houses, outbuildings, terraces and verandas.

Ask an expert a question

Temporary slopes do not install flush, they are mounted on the outside so that it is easy to remove, without violating the appearance, the strength of the structure.

The popular opinion that installing jibs is an waste of time and money is a harmful myth. Their absence shortens the life of the house, making it vulnerable to the effects of climatic conditions, wind loads. This is a necessary element of a reliable frame of the structure, responsible for its rigidity, saving is inappropriate. In most cases, it cannot be replaced with a casing. In order for the jibs to cope with their task, it is necessary to strictly observe all the rules when installing it.

Projects of frame houses for self-installation: One-story houses from 145 to 780 thousand rubles. Frame house KD-3 7.5x12 (75) 90m2 single story

437t.r. Frame house KD-4 10x13 126m2 single story 680t.r.Frame house KD-14 5x6 30m2 single story 221t.r.Frame house KD-16 4x5 20m2 single story 151t.r.Frame house KD-31 6x6 36m2 single story 238t.r.Frame house KD-32 6x7 42m2 single story 287t.r.Frame house KD-33 7.5x10 75m2 single story 417t.r.Frame house KD-34 7.5x10.5 78 (88) m2 single story 510t.r.Frame house KD-35 8 (9.5) x10.6 91 (98) m2 single story 543t.r.Frame house KD-37 6 (8.5) x10.6 68 (90) m2 single story 428t.r.Frame house KD-38 6 (7.5) x10 66m2 single story 440t.r.Frame house KD-42 8x9.2 73m2 single story 435t.r.Frame house KD-43 10x16.5 162 m2 single story 888t.r.Frame house KD-44 9x12 108m2 single story ??? tr.Frame house KD-45 9x12 108m2 single story 645t.r.Frame house KD-47 8x12 96m2 single story 592t.r.Frame house KD-63 6x6 24m2 single story 208t.r.Frame house KD-65 6.5x10 65 (85) m2 1 floor pent roof 454t.r.Frame house KD-68 8x9.3 (12.3) 74 (98) m2 1 floor double house 432t.r.Frame house KD-421 8x9.2 73 (92) m2 single story 475t.r.Frame house KD-432 10x16.7 162 m2 one-story duplex 909t.r.Frame house KD-451 9x12 108 (130) m2 single story 665t.r.

Two-story houses and attic houses from 320 to 1021 thousand rubles. Frame house KD-1 6x10 105m2 with a warm attic

444t.r. Frame house KD-2 6x10.5 121m2 with a warm attic 547t.r.Frame house KD-6 13.2x16.2 308m2 Chalet + Spa Area 1715t.r.Frame house KD-8 8.5x9.7 148m2 with a warm attic 702t.r.Frame house KD-9 10,5x13 192m2 two-storied 1026t.r.Frame house KD-11 6x10 102m2 with a warm attic 425t.r.Frame house KD-12 6x7 84m2 with a warm attic 361t.r.Frame house KD-15 6x7.4 89m2 with a warm attic 414t.r.Frame house KD-17 6x6 72m2 with a warm attic 347t.r.Frame house KD-18 8x7.4 89 (118) m2 with a warm attic 513t.r.Frame house KD-21 6x10 120m2 with a warm attic 543t.r.Frame house KD-22 8.4 x 10.5 172 m2 with a warm attic 722t.r.Frame house KD-23 8.4x10 168m2 with a warm attic 734t.r.Frame house KD-24 8.4x10 167m2 with a warm attic 829t.r.Frame house KD-25 8.8x11.7 198m2 with a warm attic 927t.r.Frame house KD-26 6x10 137 (156) m2 with a warm attic 678t.r.Frame house KD-27 8.4x11 195m2 with a warm attic 955t.r.Frame house KD-28 8x9 147m2 with a warm attic 744t.r.Frame house KD-29 8x8 128m2 with a warm attic 631t.r.Frame house KD-81 9.5x9.5 180m2 with a warm attic 854t.r.Frame house KD-92 9x9 168m2 with a warm attic 853t.r.Frame house KD-93 9.5x9.5 180m2 with a warm attic 817t.r.Frame house KD-96 10.5x13 242m2 two-storied 1114t.r.Frame house KD-97 9x10 176m2 with a warm attic ??? tr.Frame house KD-151 6x10 104m2 with a warm attic 519t.r.Frame house KD-171 6x8 84m2 with a warm attic 403t.r.Frame house KD-172 6x10 96m2 with a warm attic 428t.r.Frame house KD-211 6x10 120 (138) m2 with a warm attic 603t.r.Frame house KD-212 6x10 120 (135) m2 warm attic chalet 612t.r.Frame house KD-219 6x9 108m2 with a warm attic 516t.r.Frame house KD-231 8.4 x 10 168 (186) m2 with garage and warm attic 795t.r.Frame house KD-237 7x10 140m2 with a warm attic 655t.r.Frame house KD-252 8.8x11.7 198m2 duplex with attic 920t.r.Frame house KD-271 8.4x11 195 (233) m2 with a garage 1081t.r.Frame house KD-292 8x8 128m2 with a warm attic 580t.r.Frame house KD-901 10.5x13 192 (223) m2 two-story with garage 1181t.r.The price includes: insulation 150-200-250mm min. cotton wool and before. fine finish.
Foundation Tape monolithic (MZLF) v50cm x sh40cm + 50-80 tr

Small architectural forms - baths, garages, etc. from 8 to 327 thousand rubles Frame bath KD-7 4x5 20m2 including fireplace stove

210t.r. Frame toilet KD-51 1.2x1.3 1.3m2 beautiful and comfortable 10,2t.r.Frame hozblok / change house KD-52 2 (3) x4 8 (12) m2 with terrace 25t.r.Frame hozblok / change house KD-53 3x4 (12) m2 5 (15) m2 single slope 37t.r.Frame garage KD-55 7x7 49m2 garage 187t.r.Game complex KD-58 1.7x1.7 2.9 m2 with a swing 18.6t.r.Frame house / bath KD-63 6x6 24m2 single story 217t.r.Frame house with a bath KD-65 6.5x10 65 (85) m2 1 floor pent roof 474t.r.Frame bath KD-71 6x6 36 (44) m2 with terrace 266t.r.Frame bath KD-73 6x6 72m2 with a warm attic 358t.r.Frame bath KD-75 6 (9) x8.7 52 (78) m2 with terrace 380t.r.The price of the bath includes: insulation 100-200mm min. cotton wool and before. fine finish.
Foundation Tape monolithic (MZLF) v50cm x sh40cm + 10-50 tr

Catalog of all projects with a detailed description and prices

Main Library of Ukosina in a frame house: a necessity or a myth?

necessity or myth?

There is an opinion that the jibs in the frame house are not needed, and that they can be completely replaced by external decoration. Unfortunately, this is not entirely true, and if for small buildings, such as a utility block, they can not be used, provided that they are finished with slab material, then they are mandatory for a residential building.

It is precisely the jibs that are needed, and not the struts between the racks, for which illiterate builders are trying to replace them, without taking into account the physics of processes and loads. Such spacers only eliminate the “spring” effect on the board. They are used when the height of the rack is more than 3 m with a section of 50 * 150, or when using a board of small thickness 40x150mm, for a house on more than one floor. Struts do not add spatial rigidity, only vertical.

For spatial rigidity it is necessary to use jibs, and preferably solid or wooden, although the norms allow flexible diagonal connections of metal tapes, plates and hairpins for small buildings.

The ideal angle of installation of the jib 45 degrees, but not always they can be installed at that angle. The adjoining walls, windows and doorways reduce the installation angle to 60 degrees or more. This can be compensated by a large number of installed jibs on one wall.

In our projects, on the walls of 6 m or more, we put 4 jibs at an angle of 50-60 degrees, on the walls of longer length, jibs can be larger and at an angle closer to 45 degrees.

Jigs in a frame house - a must!

The consequences of building a frame house without jibs

The houses in the photographs below were built in compliance with all strict American and Canadian norms of frame housing construction, but even this was not a panacea, and did not save the house from destruction, under heavy snow and wind loads. Please note that instead of OSB, plywood was used, which has a much greater spatial stiffness and can withstand a large load without visible deformation. But this, unfortunately, did not save the house from destruction.

The reason for the destruction was the absence of jibs both in the bearing walls and in the partitions, which were supposed to withstand lateral loads and displacement. The lack of a banal calculation of loads, which any structural engineer should have done in the first place.

The selection of technology for each building is important, what, by standards, is suitable for a frame toilet, most likely does not fit a frame house due to large wind and snow loads.

To the winds of evil

Small Building Technology by Larry Hon

This manual gives a very good description of the device and method of strengthening the frame house. Recently, a sufficiently large number of "builders", and private developers, began to build frame houses, but, as practice shows, not all of them understand what a frame house needs to stand for decades, and not only until the moment when the builders move out at the end of construction. The well-known master, builder and professional in his field, Larry Hon, shared the generally accepted norms for construction, described in the description above and in the video below.

And one more small selection of photos

These houses were built recently, one of them is not even a year old. Builders felt that jib and OSB are an unnecessary waste of money and time. What came of this can be seen below in the photographs. Apparently, in the second house there were only a few stubs in the outer walls, but in the partitions there are already new, temporary stubs that prevent the house from heeling further and were apparently delivered not by builders, but by the customer. We, in our homes and projects, try to use jibs both in walls and in partitions. When building a house according to our project, you will spend no more than half a day on all the jibs in total, but they will help to avoid many problems. Some shortsighted or inexperienced builders will insist that the jibs are not needed and that they will be replaced by a completely exterior finish from the typesetting board, but unfortunately, practice has shown that this is not so. Only OSB, jibs and high-quality assembly will allow you to build a good and reliable house!

Correct mowing

Video duration 1:11 min.

Video on the insertion of the jibs from Larry Hon, with the high mark let-in brace.

Phased construction of a frame house
How to quickly and efficiently build a frame house? 10 construction rules
Building and Technology Video
The technology of construction of frame houses