Manufacturing Armopoyas with their own hands. Independent production of formwork for Armopoyas Who needs to fill armooosas and make the roof

With any construction, it is extremely important not only to build a design correctly, but also give it strength. Thanks to the reinforcing belt, each building not only increases its strength qualities, but also has a uniform distribution of loads. No foundation - for home or for the fence - can not do without Armopoya, because otherwise the service life of such a construction will not exceed several years.

Up to 30% of land owners prefer to build a house independently, and simpler buildings up to 60%. Therefore, the question of how to make Armopoyas is one of the most important design and construction.

Types of Armopoyasov

When building a house, professionals distinguish several types of reinforcing belt:

Scarlet: This is the very first Armopoyas, located at the foundation level at home. It is most important, as it is responsible not only for the strength of the foundation, but also prevents possible sections of the part of the foundation depending on the seasonal movements of the soil. Therefore, it is necessary to approach its installation with all thoroughness.
The second Armopoyas is located on the ready-made foundation, helping to properly distribute the load of the walls on the basis of the house. Due to the already laid painter, the second reinforcing belt can be significantly less.
The third (and subsequent) armojois is stacked when building floors of the building. They not only give the strength to the carrying walls and the entire design, evenly distribute the load from interior partitions, window and doorways, but also literally restrain the walls from their possible differences.

As a strengthening reinforcement during armature armature, either a metal mesh of ribbed rods with a thickness of 10-15 mm, or separate metal ribbed rods of the same or larger diameter, is often used.

The reinforcement grid is never welded in the places of the junction of the rod: it will reduce the strength of the metal, and therefore all Armopoyasa. Therefore, the connection occurs with an ordinary wire.

Any construction begins with the establishment of the foundation. The more the building, the stronger the foundation should be. For example, if a 30-cm monolithic foundation is enough for a garage, then for a residential building, a reinforcing belt is required, located much deeper.

Arming the foundation of the house with a reinforcing belt:

A germ-gravel pillow is placed in the level of primerousness of the soil. The reinforcing grid is installed on it. To prevent possible corrosion, experts recommend installing fittings for halves of bricks so that with a solution with a solution, the metal was completely recessed in the solution.
For corners of the house, it is preferable to use several metal rods with a diameter of at least 15 mm. Usually they have a square, as this significantly strengthens the design of the future at home.
For the walls, the reinforcing grid is suitable. Usually a single mesh with a height equal to the depth of the trench is used. If the ground at the construction site is susceptible to movements depending on different climatic conditions, the grid height increases twice, and in the trench is placed in folded in half. Thus, the foundation receives large strength characteristics.
To obtain greeting greater strength, the small amount of concrete is initially poured, neatly placing the reinforcing grid or rod in it. After the first layer of the solution is "grabbing", one can finally flood the prepared concrete solution prepared by the trenches.

The second reinforcing belief

It is more conventionality than the real necessity, with a strongly hardened foundation or one-story building. Since the second Armopoyas is responsible for the condition of external bearing walls, the two- and more floors need additional hardening.

Before making Armopoyas on the finished foundation of concrete blocks, you need to put the partition wall in the edge of the wall in the pollock with a height of up to 40 cm. Between them are placed with a diameter of at least 15 mm, or a single reinforcing grid. A concrete solution is poured on top.

Third reinforcing belt

This armoomas is located at the level of overlaps and plays a no less role than Routersk. It is intended to contain the entire design and hardening both external and inland walls having window and doorways.

Features of laying Armopoyas for overlaps:

Its height does not exceed 40 cm.
If the width of the walls is not less than 50 cm, then the brickwork on the edges of the wall in the Polkirpich can perform as formwork. If the width of the wall is less than 50 cm, the wooden formwork is prepared.
The third armopoyas must be strongly strengthened, so it uses a reinforcing frame: a metal rod metal grid with a diameter of 10-12 cm, folded 2-3 times.
Staying of the Third Armopoyas is also important as the first. If Scarlet is laid incorrectly or not at all, after a few years, cracks are formed in the foundation and walls, threatening to ruin the entire building. The absence of the Third Armopoyasa guarantees the instability of the ceiling and plates laid on them, window and doorways. In other words, he puts the entire design of the building.

Video

In this video, it will be about the fill of Armopoyasa in the house of gas blocks.

Any developer, thinking to build a house of aerated concrete, faces the need to manufacture Armopoyasa (it is also called seismopoyas). Armopoyas on aerated concrete is a monolithic reinforced concrete tape, sprinkled throughout the perimeter of the walls (between the first and second floor, etc.). This element is necessary for a uniform distribution of load and the connection of the walls together. This reduces the risk of cracks when the building is uneven shrinkage. Also Armopois is laid under Mauerlat under the roofing device.

Maxim Pan User Forumhouse, Moscow.

It is impossible to mount the timber (Mauerlat) directly to the stiletto aerated concrete. If this is done, then with time, under the action of wind load, the fasteners are separated. When the Armopoyas indulgent floor is appliance on a wooden flood, a dotted load from a bar on the entire wall will redistribute.

Indicative example of memberschanin with nickname mAD-MAX,which is comprehensively answering the question when the Aropoyas is needed in a house of aerated concrete . He did not have time to pour under Mauerlat Aropoyas, and the house went to the "winter". Already during the cold, arched loops under the windows in the house were cracked exactly in the middle. At first, the cracks were small - about 1-2 mm, but gradually they began to increase and for the most part revealed to 4-5 mm. As a result, after winter, the forumchanin poured the belt 40x25 cm, in which the anchor under Maurylalat was installed before the filling of concrete. It solved the problem with increasing cracks.

mad-Max User forumhouse.

I would like to add that the foundation for the house I have a ribbon - monolithic, the soil is rocky, the bases of the base, before I started building the house, was not. I believe that the reason for the appearance of cracks was the lack of Armopoyas under Mauerlat.

A gas-concrete house, and even more so the house in two floors, is needed by Armopoyas. With its manufacture, you should remember such a rule:

The main condition for the right "work" of Armopoyasa is its continuity, continuity and sliding around the entire perimeter of the walls.

There are several options for the Armopoyas device in a gas-concrete house. The manufacture of Armopoyasa begins with the calculation of its cross section and choosing the type of formwork - a removable or unknown, as well as the "pie" of the entire design.

Eyeonenow User forumhouse.

I have a house of aerated concrete with a thickness of 37.5 cm, with a facing of a brick and a ventilated gap of 3.5 cm. Use special U-blocks of factory manufacturing under the fill of Armopoyas I do not want. I saw on our forum the following scheme during the construction of the house, how to insulate the Armopoyas - on the wall block sets a partition unit with a thickness of 10 cm, then warming (EPPS), and from the inside the house is mounted by removable formwork. Also saw the option when the insulation is pressed close to the brickwork. With this scheme, the belt is greater width.

To understand what option to stay, turn to the experience of Forumhouse experts.

44Alex. User forumhouse.

I built a house of aerated concrete 40 cm thick. In my opinion, the ventilated gap between the wall and a 3.5 cm cladding is not enough, to optimally leave the gap of 5 cm. If you look at the "pie" Armopoyasi from the inside, he was the following:

removable formwork;
concrete 20 cm;
EPPS 5 cm;
partition unit 15 cm.

The need to create Armopoyas under Mauerlat during the construction of the roof is not always obvious to novice builders. They often create an incorrect idea of \u200b\u200bthe reinforced strengthening of the foundation for the construction of the roof as something unnecessary and unnecessary. However, armopoyas is an important mediator, distributing the roof load on the wall of the building. Consider why Armopoyas is needed under the roof, what functions it performs and how to perform its arrangement with your own hands.

In this article

The need for Armopoyasa

Let's start considering the reinforced base under the roof from its basic functions.

Load Transformation

Stropile legs are transmitted by Mauerlat, the main concentration of which is located in the places of support rafters on the walls of the house. The task of Mauerlat and Aropoyash to transform this load by making it uniform. Two types of loads affect Mauerlat. This is the weight of the roof itself, which accumulated snow on it, the impact on the roof of the wind gusts and other natural phenomena.

Another load is associated with the cutting of the building walls. With increasing the weight of the roof, it increases significantly. Modern materials for building buildings, such as ceramzite concrete, aerated concrete, under a number of positive characteristics are not able to withstand a similar suspension load. Before mounting on them, Maurolalat must create a reinforced belt.

Brick walls have greater exposure to point loads, because for mounting on them, mauelalat is enough to use anchor or mortgage parts. However, experts recommend using Armopoya and for brick walls if the building is being built in the seismic region.

Fastening the roof to the house

The most important and main task of Mauerlat is a durable root mount to the house. Thus, Maurylalat itself must be reliably mounted for the building.

The main objectives of the reinforced base under the roof can be reduced to the following items:

Holding strict geometry of the building at any situations: seasonal fluctuations in the soil, earthquake, shrinkage at home, etc.;
Alignment of the walls in the horizontal projection, the correction of inaccuracies and flaws made in the construction of the walls;
Ensuring the stiffness and stability of the entire structure of the structure;
Uniform and distributed loading of the roof load on the wall of the building;
The possibility of durable attachment to the reinforced base of important elements of the roof is primarily Mauerlat.

Calculation of the reinforced base under the roof

The process of reinforcement of the base under Mauerlat begins with planning and calculations. It is necessary to make calculation of the sizes of Armopoyas. According to construction standards, it must be width equal to the width of the wall, and at least 25 cm. The recommended height of the reinforced base is located in the area of \u200b\u200b30 cm. Armopoyas and Maurylalat laid on it should be looked at the whole house.

If the construction of the walls is made from aerated concrete, then the upper row is made of stone in the form of the letter U, which creates a formwork. It needs to lay reinforcing elements and pour the entire structure with a solution of cement.

Before the start of construction work, it is also necessary to prepare the necessary tools and building materials. To create a reinforced base under the roof it will be necessary:

Concrete mixer for high-quality mixing of the cement solution;
A specialized vibrator that accelerates cement mortar in the formwork, not allowing the creation in the design of emptiness from the air;
Materials for formwork facilities;
Armature.

Installation technology

Installation of Armopoyasa begins after masonry work. It is necessary to wait for a complete drying of the masonry.

Creating formwork and laying of reinforcement

The first stage is a formwork. In buildings from aerated concrete blocks, the extreme row of masonry is made from blocks in the form of the letter U. If such are not available, then the outer part of the formwork is created from the saws of 100 mm blocks, and the internal - from the boards. Installation is made with strict horizontal level observance.

Framework is laid in the formwork. Its longitudinal part is formed from 4 rod of reinforcement with a diameter of 12 mm. Transverse fasteners are made from rods of 8 mm diameter when followed by no more than 25 cm. In the projection, the frame looks like a square or a rectangle. Frame details are mounted with an adhesive up to 20 cm. The connection locations are connected by knitting wire. In solution, such a reinforced frame exists as monolithic.

Frame laying provides compliance with certain rules:

Concrete thickness from frame to formwork at least 5 cm;
To comply with this rule, under the frame put the stands from the bars of the desired height.

An important part of the work is to strengthen the framework of the formwork. If this is not done, then it is dispersed from the severity of concrete. This can be performed by various methods:

Installing fasteners for Mauerlat

After work with formwork and styling fittings, you can proceed to installing fasteners for Maurolat. We recommend using threaded studs. It is convenient to purchase diameter studs 12 mm. The length of the spills is calculated taking into account the fact that their bottom is attached to the frame, and the top protrudes over Mauerlat for 2-2.5 cm.

Installation setting is made according to:

Between two rafters there is a minimum of one stud;
The maximum setting step is not more than 1 meter.

Pouring cement mortar

The main feature of the reinforced base under Mauerlat is its strength. It is possible only when pouring a concrete solution at a time.

To create a concrete mixture, a concrete is not less than M200. The best mixture for the influence of the belt is prepared by the following proportions:

1 part of cement M400;
3 pieces of washed sand and as much rubble.

The strength and speed of solidification of the mixture will help the use of plasticizers.

Since it takes a lot of mixture to create Armopoyas, it is advisable to use a concrete mixer and a special pump for supplying a solution. In the absence of equipment, the help of several people for the preparation and continuous supply of the finished mixture will be required.

After the fill of concrete in the formwork, it is important to drive out all the air from possible air pockets. To do this, a special device can be used and simple fittings that the mixture is sketched throughout the perimeter.

Montage Mauerlat.

Removing the formwork from Armopoyas is possible as soon as the concrete hardens enough, and to the installation on the construction of Mauerlala, it is possible to begin not earlier than 7-10 days after the Armopoyas enjoyment.

Before laying details, Maurolalat must be specially prepared:

Maurolalat bar is processed by antiseptics;
The compounds of its individual elements are performed by a direct lock or oblique learning;
Maurylalat is applied to Armopoyas and places for studs are noted. Holes for fastenings are drilled.

The laying of Maurolalat is preceded by the shelter of the reinforced base of the layer of rolled waterproofing, as a rule, the runneroid is used for these purposes.

Mauerlat is attached to a large washer and nut, lock nuts are used for the safety net. After tightening all the fasteners, the remaining spuns are cut off with a grinder.

Let's summarize

The reinforced base for Maurylalat is rather a necessity than luxury. Roofing construction has a rather great effect on the walls of the house, which is although it is distributed evenly thanks to Mauerlat, but can negatively affect the strength of the whole building.

The creation of Armopoyas is necessary in the buildings from gas and ceramzite concrete due to the fragility of these materials, in zones with high seismic activity. Also strengthening the walls under Maurylalat is valid when creating heavy roofing structures.

The implementation of the reinforcement of the top of the walls is not a complex work that requires the involvement of specialists. When complying with a number of rules and attract assistants, it can be performed by its own.

If the house is built from block materials, it is often subjected to natural influences. In particular, there is a sediment of the building, swelling the soil around it, etc. Well, a strong wind and long shower - negatively affect the integrity of the design. To protect against such impacts, Armopoyas is created over the walls with their own hands from concrete. In our article, I would like to talk about the technology of manufacturing the reinforcing belt, as well as its purpose.

Appointment and construction of armoo

The reinforcing belt (seismopoyas) - increases the reliability of the house and prevents the appearance of cracks. They, in turn, are formed when the soil or impact on it is atmospheric precipitation. Such an element helps evenly distribute loads from heavy structures above it.

For example, concrete floors are placed just over the reinforcing belt. Many are mistaken, thinking that the floors of the tree do not need. This is not the case - this element is needed for closing the walls of any home. In this case, the type of overlapping - the role does not play. After all, as you know, at home are built on long ages, and not for a short time.