Landscaping style. Landscaping: modern trends

A person is closely connected with nature, which is why, when he has a dacha or a house with a small plot of land, a desire wakes up in him to create the garden of his dreams: it can be a simple vegetable garden with a garden, intricate interweaving of lawns and paths, or a simple manor in the Russian style. To bring your ideas to life, it is very important to choose the right style for the future garden, according to the scientific style of landscape design. The word style itself is a combination of creative techniques and ideas, conditioned by the unity of artistic content and theme. It is necessary not only to correctly apply the planning technique, but also to decide on the color scheme, pick up plants, small architectural forms, the type of decorative paving, garden equipment.

It is known that garden styles have existed since time immemorial: it is enough to recall the legendary wonder of the world - the gardens of Semiramis, a description of which has survived to this day. In Ancient Greece, Egypt, Rome, gardening art also existed, which became the basis for the formation of classical styles. Over time, the principles have transformed, and the fashion for decorative elements changes relentlessly. Recently, people's interest in traditional styles has been growing - for example, the classic noble manor - here and, and a small pond, and a couple of snow-white beauties, birches, and lawns planted with wildflowers. Both Mediterranean and oriental motives are interesting.

Decorative details of the garden also attract attention - unusual pots, sculptures, flowerpots, bridges, bird feeders and birdhouses are actively used in gardens. The fashion for sundials is returning - the trend of Europe, however, now they play not so much a practical role as a decorative one. Green sculptures are also a new-fashioned element - and it can be both intricate trimmed figures, and ordinary shrubs, and climbing plants grown on a metal frame. In any case, existing trends should not put you in a rigid framework, it's time to show your imagination and decide on bold experiments.

Conventionally, all styles of landscape design are divided into 2 groups: regular and landscape. If regular styles are characterized by the presence of some kind of regularity and strict geometry, then landscape styles emphasize the closeness of a person to mother nature and allows all ideas to be realized. Let's take a closer look at each of the styles.

Regular landscaping styles

French style landscape design

This style cannot but admire, because it is the very embodiment of luxury and elegance. It requires strict geometry in order to deliberately emphasize the man-made nature of the created garden, and there is not a single hint of the naturalness of the composition. Wide alleys, graceful figures, parterre lawns, beautiful flower beds are the main elements of this style. In the layout, strict symmetry must be observed: it is preferable to cut shrubs in the form of geometric shapes or straight lines. True, such a garden will require a lot of care.

photo: French style landscape design

An obligatory element in a French garden is a reservoir in the center of the composition, framed by cascades and sculptures. Lawns and flower beds are low, with bosquets in sharp contrast to them - this is the name for trees and shrubs, which are trimmed in the form of green walls. Paths lined with paving slabs with a green frame of low-growing bushes will look very beautiful.

First, form your idea of a garden on paper: all elements should be arranged in a strict order and be geometrically correct - build bends with a compass. Remember that in such a garden there should be two points - the upper one, where the house is located, from there the view of the entire plot should open, and the lower one, where the main entrance is located. If you have a significant height difference on your site, you can form a cascade of flat terraces and connect them with stairs. An interesting solution would be to create labyrinths from thickets of honeysuckle, juniper or hazel. An elegant wrought-iron lattice can become a fence for such a garden.

Italian or Mediterranean style of landscape design

Initially, this style assumed the presence of strict geometric shapes and perpendicular paths. The center of the composition is a reservoir, around which there is a paved area and rare flower beds. The garden is surrounded by a sheared hedge or an elegant fence. A special solemnity can be given to the garden with the help of alleys and fountains, and spherical and cuboid shrubs and trees will become a harmonious frame for paths.

photo: Italian style of landscape design

Also, a characteristic feature of this style is the patio - this is a platform on a hill located next to the house. Here you can place garden furniture, decorate the patio with sculptures and flowerpots with vegetation, and both conifers and deciduous trees and shrubs are appropriate.

Moorish or Muslim garden

A characteristic feature of this style is the use of several squares, the center of the composition is a fountain or pond, and already around it, plants are planted in a geometric sequence and paths are broken. Pools and fountains are often faced with marble or decorative glass, it is worth remembering that water in Islam is sacred, it is purification and life, without it the Garden of Eden is simply impossible to imagine.

photo: Moorish style of landscape design

The framing of such a garden are galleries, which are entwined with roses or wild grapes. A characteristic feature of such a garden is the aroma corner, where herbs are planted - such a heavenly place will surely please the owners who adore spices and unusual aromas. Tiled or mosaic paving is common in the courtyard - it is both simple and sophisticated.

Landscape styles of landscaping

This style is based on naturalness, it is a harmonious combination of human works with the gifts of nature. There is no place for symmetry, geometric lines and shapes, most often the main role is played not by the house, but by the garden, while the building is hidden behind dense bushes or entwined with wild grapes. Picturesque ponds, winding paths, planted in tiers of plants - all this is a landscape style. If you have an uneven area, don't worry as this style involves alternating hills, slopes and flat areas.

photo: English style landscape design

For ponds, it is worth creating a natural frame - planting near-water plants, sprinkling the soil with sand or pebbles, the paths should be paved with wild stone or cuts from tree trunks. Low bushes are planted along the paths, but there are few flowers in the English garden - most often they are wildflowers and unobtrusive garden flowers - chamomile, calendula, aster, bell, and they are planted not in flower beds, but in chaotic groups.

Chinese style landscape design

This type of landscape gardening art originated many centuries ago, its characteristic features are naturalness, spontaneity, in fact, it is a world in miniature, giving its owner a sense of harmony and tranquility.

photo: Chinese style landscape design

In the foreground in such a garden - water and stones, and only then architecture. Flowers play only a fleeting role, conifers, bamboo, low-growing shrubs will fit organically, but the lawn may be absent altogether. It is definitely worth building a wooden peaked gazebo for outdoor tea ceremonies, stretch a bridge across the pond, Chinese lanterns can be hung around the perimeter of the site

Japanese garden

Most often, a garden in this style occupies a small area, its beauty is in symbolism. Stone sculptures and figurines framing a reservoir, a light gazebo, and natural vegetation will be appropriate here.

photo: Japanese style landscape design

Blooming sakura, the embodiment of beauty and resilience, occupies a special place in the Japanese garden. Bonsai, a bonsai tree, conifers and low shrubs, will also get along well in our climate. Do not forget about stones - chaotic heaps and intricate compositions will complement the Japanese garden.

Modern styles of landscape design

One of the modern styles, dictated by the trend of fashion trends. It implies the presence of simple lines and open space.

photo: Art Nouveau style in landscape design

There is no place for pretentious decorations and unnecessary details, a minimum of accessories is enough. The paths are laid out with slabs, a platform is created in the courtyard where simple modern furniture can be put, the plants in the garden can be planted in a container. The layout can be asymmetrical, but at the same time strict geometric lines are inherent in the flower beds.

Cozy country style: in fact, it is in search of this unique comfort that many people buy summer cottages. A characteristic feature of this style is the use of simple and uncomplicated forms and natural materials. The texture and color of the decorative elements should be similar to the material from which the house is built - it can be stone, wood or brick. The garden is filled with different colors - here are appropriate flower beds with bright flowers - mallow, peonies, phlox, marigold, dahlias and others.

photo: Country style in landscape design

There are no visual restrictions in such compositions. It is advisable to make furniture yourself - as a last resort, chairs can be made from hemp, and a table from several boards. You can use clay pots, wattle, old painted buckets or barrels - the main thing is not to be afraid to show your imagination and then your summer cottage will be really unusual and very cozy.

Each owner of a land plot wants to design it so that it looks not only beautiful, but also unique. For this, there are different areas of landscape design, which have their own characteristics and characteristics.

A well-thought-out layout of the territory, as well as the chosen color scheme, plants, decor, furniture and equipment, allow you to create a unique landscape composition even at the most primitive object.

Peculiarities

Currently, special attention is paid to landscape design. After all, a beautifully designed garden or personal plot creates a favorable atmosphere and a feeling of comfort. Only a properly planned landscape looks really stylish and presentable.

To decorate the territory, such elements of landscape design are used as:

planting materials in the form of trees, shrubs and lawns;
architectural elements, which include paths, gazebos, sculptures, bridges and awnings;
rock garden components in the form of flower beds, flower beds and retaining structures;
elements of reservoirs from cascades, streams and ponds.

Any direction of landscape design is a whole philosophy, which is based on a certain type of art and creativity. Using this or that style, you can create a comfortable environment not only for yourself, but also for those around you.

The main thing is that the entire site has the appearance of a single composition, only then will it radiate aesthetic beauty and will look complete.

Main groups

All styles of landscape design have their own characteristics and characteristics, which you should definitely pay due attention to. It must be remembered that each direction in the landscape is intended for a specific area, therefore, before making a final choice, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the description of the option of interest.

Conventionally, all landscape areas are divided into two main groups:

Regular. They are characterized by strict geometric shapes and patterns.
Landscape. They are as close as possible to nature and its natural beauty.

Each of these groups includes certain styles that differ in their individual characteristics.

Classical

This regular style is based on strict symmetry and clear geometric shapes. This direction is intended for voluminous areas where it is possible to translate all creative ideas into reality.

The constituent elements of such a landscape are straight alleys, neat flower beds, round gazebos, wrought iron benches, pergolas, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of arches, columns, antique sculptures and stone balls. In the very center of the site there are necessarily beautiful fountains and reservoirs.

Thujas, maples, lindens, jasmine and lilacs are planted here from trees, and flowers are presented in the form of roses, begonias, salvias and phlox.

Modern

A sophisticated style of landscape design, characterized by such features as elegance and high cost. Particular attention is paid to architecture and accessories here, while vegetation fades into the background. The central element in the design is always the house, which smoothly and very harmoniously complements the rest of the objects.

The preference is given to materials of natural origin, which gives the furnishings a nobility.

Plants with a sharp leaf shape, such as hops or girlish grapes, are beautifully planted in groups to create an atmosphere of comfort and tranquility.

The color scheme consists of black, white, chocolate, beige, silver, blue and purple shades. The use of red and yellow colors is allowed as a contrast. The presence of a fountain or a stream serves as a wonderful decoration, which give the territory a special freshness.

Beautiful gazebos, benches and fences are necessarily complemented by wrought-iron elements on a plant theme. In addition, figures of birds and animals in bronze colors are used as decoration.

Oriental

It is characterized by a wide variety of plants and architectural forms used. This style is based on several directions at the same time:

Chinese. When decorating, each element is arranged according to the rules of feng shui. Particular attention is focused on plants, which are presented in the form of fruit and evergreen trees, shrubs, medicinal herbs and flowers. The function of decoration is performed by bronze sculptures, wooden figurines, as well as architectural forms. Cozy gazebos and small houses create a favorable atmosphere for spending time.
Japanese. He is characterized by such features as minimalism and laconicism. Each component part carries a certain meaning here, and is also a symbol of Japan. An alpine slide and sakura are considered a must.

Asian. Designed for large areas where it is possible to create real comfort and harmony. The design uses gentle tones and clear contours, so that each composition looks very stylish and aesthetically beautiful. Stones of various shapes are an integral part of this trend, so they complement almost every component of the landscape.

The oriental style is characterized by clear planning of zones, as well as the correct geometric arrangement of trees, bushes and flowers, which together give a sense of serene tranquility.

Modern

A landscape design style that is distinguished by sophistication and grace. It is characterized by simple geometric shapes and linear designs. In the process of arranging the site, materials such as natural wood, metal and concrete are used. The decor is modern sculptures, makeshift fireplaces and garden furniture. Of the plants, cacti, non-flowering plants, dracaena, yucca, succulents and grass are appropriate here.

The most popular areas of modern style include:

Minimalism. It is created using laconic forms and a minimum number of constituent elements. Great for both large and small areas. The main rule here is to divide the territory into separate zones. The color scheme consists of white, silver, cream and light terracotta shades. For landscaping, trees such as birch, thuja, pine, maple, willow, as well as various fruit plantations are used.

High tech. A style that does not require compliance with clear lines and a certain decor, making it suitable for the embodiment of the most extraordinary ideas. For the decoration of the site, materials such as glass, stone, metal, plastic and polycarbonate are used. Good lighting is important, which most often has the form of LEDs neatly located in modern lighting fixtures.

Loft. It is considered the most budgetary option for landscape design. Brick and masonry are appropriate here, and ordinary pallets, boxes, pots and decorative lamps are often used as decor. The color scheme is quite restrained and is presented in light, cold shades.

The design in this style looks simple enough, but at the same time functional and beautiful.

Vanguard. An amazing and extraordinary style, which is characterized by the most daring experiments and unusual lines. In such a design, not only a cottage plot will look original, but also any park or alley. It harmoniously combines bright flowering plants and a calm atmosphere that have a beneficial effect on those around them. This free style is distinguished by the author's idea, which, with the help of imagination and creativity, is successfully implemented on the site.

Bionics. A fairly new design direction, where preference is given to ecological materials of natural origin. Interesting lamps with imitation of waterfalls, flowers, trees or marine life are used as decorations. This feature gives the atmosphere a certain romance and comfort.

Mirror or glossy surfaces in the form of paths or other landscape elements give the site a special beauty.

Each of these areas is a real fashion trend that can make even the most primitive area a chic design composition.

Ethnic

This area of landscape design is characterized by the creation of a comfortable and aesthetically pleasing area for relaxation, in accordance with all the proper rules. It is important here to correctly place accents with plants, furniture and decorative elements.

The most popular ethnic styles are:

Alpine. Its main features are considered to be durability and ease of creation. Stone is actively used here, from which all kinds of slides, paths and boulders are created. All compositions are designed in light colors with the use of appropriate alpine plants. It is perfect for both large and very small areas.

Landscape. This style creates beautiful imitations of meadows, fields, forests or other natural landscapes. Decorative elements made of natural materials in the form of wooden arbors, hemp and logs harmoniously complement the landscape composition. A good decoration will be a small lake or pond, the shores of which will be lined with sand and pebbles, and water lilies and water lilies will float in the water. The forest and wildflowers give the territory a special beauty.

Rustic. It does not require strict planning, and any materials at hand are suitable for its creation. Such a rural landscape design provides for a minimum of costs, but at the same time it is very picturesque, cozy and comfortable. Handmade furniture looks original, as well as decorative ornaments in the form of wicker baskets, wooden carts and antique bicycles. The flowerbeds on the site are arranged in random order and play the role of a kind of bright accents.
Country. A democratic style characterized by simplicity, solidity and closeness to nature. The paths are made of bricks, wood or slabs, along which grass, lilac, jasmine and wildflowers grow. A beautiful gazebo made of a log house, a pond or a stream, through which a garden bridge is thrown, create a favorable atmosphere for full relaxation and pacification.

Wickerwork, swings, wells, as well as wooden benches, buckets and watering cans serve as a wonderful decoration.

Provence. An exquisite and delicate style of landscape design, with the help of which you can easily create a beautiful recreation area. In addition to flower beds, it is appropriate here to plant flowers in boxes and baskets, combining their different options with each other. The Provence style is characterized by delicate colors in beige, white, pink, blue and purple tones.

English. An ideal solution for large areas, where there is an opportunity to translate into reality designer fantasy. Strict forms and straight lines are completely absent here, therefore each constituent element of the landscape is characterized by unevenness, sinuousness and natural form. Preference is given to natural materials such as wood, stone, sandstone or gravel.

Mandatory items are gazebos, swings, barbecues and bridges with forging elements.

Mediterranean. A style with a pronounced Greek accent, the color scheme of which is presented in white, blue, yellow and terracotta tones. The plots are decorated with a huge number of flowers arranged in ceramic pots. The integral attributes of this landscape direction are open gazebos and fountains, around which paths made of stone or ceramic tiles are neatly laid.

Comfortable rattan furniture or wrought-iron benches, complemented by soft pillows, add a special coziness to the atmosphere.

Scandinavian. Functionality, simplicity, restraint and orderliness are felt in it. The color scheme is designed in natural shades such as green, blue, brown, red, yellow and gray. Wood and stone are used as the main materials. For this style, vine or rattan furniture is perfect, complemented by decorative elements such as sculptures, as well as antiques in the form of carts, spindles, wheels, barrels and ceramic shards.

Italian. In this style, you can observe a clear division of the site into separate zones using straight or diagonal lines. In the center, there must be a small reservoir, a fountain or a beautiful statue. This design trend is characterized by a multitude of stones that adorn almost every element of the landscape. Plants can be planted with miniature roses, Japanese quince, Italian pines, cypresses, jasmine, almonds and Amur grapes.

French. It implies the design of the territory in the form of unique compositions with clear lines and even geometric shapes. Neat paths, as well as walnut and juniper alleys, perfectly emphasize the beauty of this style. The centerpiece is a pond, fountain, pool or statue. Beautiful lawns, decorated with pebbles along the edges, look especially aristocratic.

Mauritanian. Differs in an abundance of lush flower gardens and tropical plants. The reservoirs present on the site have a rectangular or square shape, the bottom of which is lined with colored tiles or stones in the form of a bright ornament. Pergolas are also characterized by a square or rectangular shape and can be decorated with blooming vines.

Indian. For plots decorated in this style, strict geometry is inherent, therefore, the landscape area here looks like a single whole. The presence of various water elements in the form of canals, pools, fountains and lakes creates a feeling of complete harmony with nature. The gazebos are decorated with fresh flowers and carved trellises. All paths are laid out of colored gravel, along which statuettes and lanterns are located.

This direction of landscape design allows the maximum use of trees, shrubs and flowers.

Chalet. An amazing style, where in the main part of the site there are different mountain landscapes in the form of alpine hills, beautiful slopes and rockeries. The characteristic features of this trend are the zoning of the territory, the presence of alpine slides, water bodies, beautiful paths and lawns, as well as bright flower beds. The color scheme is presented in light and calm colors, but sometimes blotches in the form of red and orange shades are allowed.

From vegetation, it is appropriate to use coniferous, evergreen trees such as pine, spruce, thuja and cypress.

On a suburban area there is a special freedom of creativity - the owner can realize any idea, build in his own way the space around the house. Sometimes you come across such possessions where slides, fountains, sculptures, gazebos are collected, but there is no holistic picture that makes the dacha ensemble memorable. To create a really interesting image of your garden that can delight and amaze, before drawing up a design project, building and land works, purchasing plants and garden accessories, you need to study the styles of landscape design and dwell on one.

Historical excursion: we descend into the depths of the centuries

The rudiments of landscape design appeared immediately, as soon as primitive people decided on the concept of their own dwelling: the pebble paving of the site in front of the cave can be compared with the modern arrangement of the driveway to a country mansion. Gardeners and chief architects in the palaces of ancient rulers (Assyria, Babylon, Egypt), who delighted the eyes of the rulers with the results of their work, did not even imagine that they were landscape designers, but laid the foundations of the science of harmonious changes in the world around them. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon - the creation of a brilliant landscape architect, were recognized by the ancients as one of the Seven Wonders of the World, the Park of Versailles - no less grand and magnificent brainchild of André Le Nôtre, closer to our time, is considered a textbook example, the pinnacle of landscape gardening, and the Japanese "Rock Garden Ryoan-zi in Kyoto, whose atmosphere is colored by religious and philosophical notes, became one of the forefathers of the minimalism style in design and architecture.

Vertical, horizontal, volume and four elements

All components of landscape design successfully fit into the rule "combine top, bottom and shape", and also symbolically support 4 natural elements (wood, water, stone, air) when filling the landscape. An additional component, giving the ability to draw any geometric shapes, to emphasize accent objects, is light.

	Air	Water	Stone	Wood	Light
Horizontal	Panoramic view	Ponds	Garden paths Driveways Parking areas	Ornamental shrubs Creeping plants	Track illumination Artificial lighting of reservoirs
Vertical	"Light at the end of the tunnel" - inviting light window at the end of the alley for a walk	Cascades Waterfalls	Retaining walls Stone arches	Full size trees Vertical gardening	Freestanding lights
Volume	Open spaces (lawn, paved area)	Volumetric fountains	Garden ovens Sculptures Fireplace	Topiary MAFs (gazebo, pergola, lattice awnings)	Light figures Light design of green spaces

When developing a landscape project, it is necessary to link vertical and horizontal planes with each other, to emphasize the required volume, to create a single space where nothing will be discordant with the general stylistic solution.

What defines each style: compare features

Any little thing can become a starting point when creating a landscape of your own hacienda. The main thing is to correctly classify it, to determine the belonging to the style. Love for the sandy shades of travertine can lead to the design of a garden "a la Italy", the opinion that "a rose is the most beautiful of flowers" will be prompted by the use of English classics, the obligatory presence of lavender scent is a direct reference to the sun-saturated Provence. The main characteristics of the garden layout and filling elements will help to narrow the scope when choosing a style.

The severity, the use of rectangular shapes when laying out a garden are distinguished by:

Regular (French);
Japanese;
Mauritanian.

Smoothness, roundness of lines is inherent in:

English style;
Country;
Russian modern;
Chinese;
Ecostyle.

The splendor of flowering vegetation, a riot of colors within a geometrically rigid layout are characteristic of a Moorish garden space, a classic English garden, on the contrary, implies a perfectly calibrated range of coldish colors, a large amount of greenery, and general coloristic restraint.

Historical styles - echoes of bygone eras

Any historical style of landscape design is a reflection of the corresponding time, painted with national colors. Thorough copying of the palace gardens is not relevant today, it requires the scope of ownership, a staff of gardeners and tireless worries, but the use of typical techniques, the placement of the necessary accents, the selection of suitable plants (originals or local analogues) allows you to create a small-scale object that fits into the style framework. The use of characteristic types of paving, site planning, cutting hedges, arranging mandatory zones draws a spectacular style image.

English style: cold stiffness in a landscape setting

The heroine of Jane Austen's novel "Pride and Prejudice" observed a classic example of the landscape in the English style in the richest estate of Mr. Darcy. The garden was regular and luxurious at the same time. More mundane landscape samples of this type of design are characterized by smooth outlines of man-made elements (platforms, paths, marking the boundaries of plantings, contours of reservoirs), restraint in the selection of plants, their colors. Cool shades of inflorescences, a combination of pink and blue, the absence of flashy accents are preferred. Particular attention is paid to green spaces and lawns: in addition to careful year-round maintenance (cutting, trimming, replacing extinct specimens), there is a careful screening of species by type and color of foliage. As a result, the English garden looks very well-groomed and harmonious.

When composing typically English compositions from perennials, the color and dimensional rhythm, the proportional combination of plants with each other, the versatility of planting, and the timing of flowering are important.

Dutch comfort: canals, mills, tulips

The image of a Dutch garden directly correlates with the character of the inhabitants of this country and its natural conditions. Forced to reclaim space from the advancing sea for life, the Dutch value the land very much, their gardens are very small in size. The main features of the Dutch character, reflected in the landscape:

Practicality - the area is used to the maximum, ordinary trees are replaced by dwarf forms;
Reasonableness - each element has its own place (carefully calculated zoning);
Neatness - the garden is kept in perfect order;
Cheerfulness - volumetric spots of bright colors, the use of garden figurines and mini-objects;
Pride - The most spectacular part of the garden is the parterre in front of the house to delight passers-by.

Tasteful village life

The rustic style (country) of landscape design is characterized by some negligence, a touch of antiquity, the lack of perfectly adjusted proportions. It seems that the artist, with light strokes, sketched a pictorial sketch, which suddenly came to life. Wood, stone, willow vine, reeds, clay - all natural materials will be used here. In the country style, the construction of wooden arbors, the creation of man-made ponds and streams, free from the rules of flower beds, where various plants coexist, are welcomed. The decorative elements involved in creating a garden full of rural charm are wicker fences, clay pots, flowerpots, bright garden sculptures, wheels and old carts, climbing plants, neat framed beds - everything that is so sweet to the heart of a tortured city dweller and instantly forms an idyllic picture.

Chinese garden - inlaid box with a secret

The special features of the Chinese style in landscape design are the grace of lines, the richness of colors, the desire to make the complex out of the simple, without violating the natural harmony. The space is artificially stretched due to the long length of winding hiking trails, the inclusion of aquatic compositions into the landscape (pacifying water bodies are replaced by cascading steps), the dividing of the garden by light walls with cut holes ("moon gates"), intriguing the visitor, inviting him on a further journey.

The landscape orientation of the garden is emphasized by:

Curved lines of bridges, echoing the roofs of pagodas, decorative gates;
A skillful combination of two opposite energies: water and stone;
The centrality of the garden composition;
The use of plants with naturally rounded shapes or the use of topiary.

Colonial style: organic, neat, dignified

The colonial style combines two different cultures - imported from the outside and aboriginal. This is an example of a mutually enriching synthesis, when the European multinationality of the colonialists, the limited choice of building materials, a variety of exotic local flora resulted in an amazing symbiotic style, which is characterized by warmth, light negligence, soft comfort. Pushing open the gate of the colonial-style infield, I want to exclaim: "Home, sweet home!" The flowing lines of bright flower beds, the rounded outlines of woody compositions are repeated in the routes of garden paths made of brick, slab stone, impregnated wood. An echo of the practical application of the first settlers of land plots is zoning: an orchard and a vegetable garden are always distinguished, which is often designed as a decorative vegetable garden in a regular style. The garden with sun-drenched terraces is located behind the house, protected from prying eyes. It is full of colors, but the hallmark of colonial design is considered to be a low wooden fence "like grandma's", painted with simple whitewash.

Moorish style: a secret with seven seals

The Moorish-style gardens, enclosed from outsiders, fully meet the definition of "delight to the eyes and relaxation of the heart." Surrounded by desert and high walls, the oases are filled with bright flowers with a strong smell, sparkling water of fountains and canals, rich in green foliage. Eastern luxury disposes to bliss, enjoyment of life, endless pleasures. The Moorish style implies the unity of opposites: everything that the human hand has created is straightforward, strict, has clear boundaries, everything that is presented by nature rages in its pristine beauty. In the garden, artificially divided into 4 squares, paths are tiled, creating intricate ornaments, and green spaces of different heights are used as screens that hide the privacy of the owners. The garden is decorated with fruit trees, and the queen is a rose. The most preferred varieties have a lush multi-petal inflorescence and a thick aroma that penetrates all corners of the garden.

Lavender Provence: a touch of antiquity is a must

At the word "Provence" I recall pictures with rows of purple flowers endlessly receding into the distance, but a Provencal garden is a small, cozy, lovely space near the house.
Typical features of French rustic design:

Aged, shabby wood for garden furniture;
Weathered stone of retaining walls and flower beds;
Paved paths on which overgrown plants creep;
Mandatory curly bed with herbs;
An abundance of lavender in flower beds, in terracotta pots, separating the rest area with a wrought iron bench from other areas of the garden;
Climbing plants, entwining arches and pergolas, as a way of shading from the hot sun;
A row of fruit trees with flat crowns, molded by a special type of pruning, along the wall of the house.

Features of the layout: French regular style

Mirroring parts of the garden along the central axis, clear boundaries, trimmed hedges of various heights, long neat alleys, curly flower borders - this is what distinguishes French park ensembles, the creation of which has been elevated to the rank of art. The classic elements of the regular palace style are:

Fountains with sculptural groups;
Front parterre;
Reservoirs of curved symmetrical shapes in a stone frame;
Rows of clipped exotic trees in massive tubs, which are cleaned in the greenhouse for the winter;
Ideal large lawns as a binding agent for the entire space;
Flower beds forming a complex geometric pattern;
"Green" secret rooms, labyrinths, amphitheaters.

A romantic trip to Italy

Warm breeze, sun, intense aromas are the hallmarks of the Mediterranean climate, which are reflected in the Italian garden design. The classic palace garden-park is a symmetry of the layout, trimmed trees in flowerpots, hedges that clearly demarcate the space, straight paths, a raised reservoir, fountains and marble sculptures. The picturesque nature, the richness of flowering plants are balanced by the strict composition of man-made changes in the landscape. In contrast, a small garden with a touch of romance is easier to design - its characteristic features add a cheerful flavor:

A stone patio with furniture that combines wood and wrought iron, designed for noisy family meals;
A bench under a pergola entwined with roses or grapes is perfect for an afternoon rest;
An open terrace lined with flower pots will give you the opportunity to gaze at the stars in the late evening.

Japanese garden: discreet purity of style

The main features of the landscape in the Japanese style are asceticism, compositional accuracy, restraint. Nothing should distract from the contemplation of natural harmony or immersion in your own thoughts. The obligatory combination of water, stone, living plants creates a special, miniature world where time flows very slowly, where a person is given infinity to observe willow branches bent over the lake or flying flower petals. When developing a design for a Japanese garden, the right stylistic decision will be:

Asymmetric layout of the site;
Calculation of viewpoints: any movement through the zones of the Japanese garden should present the viewer with an ideal picture;
Lighting of the recreation area with stone lanterns;
Placing beautiful groups of stones, paving paths with separate flat stones, framed by a lawn or a scattering of pebbles;
The use of plants celebrated in Japanese poetry: maples, cherries and plums, chrysanthemums, willows, pines, peonies.

The Garden of Our Time: From Complex to Simple

The modern landscape designer is provided with a large palette of style tools. New destinations have personality, but do not require adherence to strict regulations. The absence of strict restrictions allows you to mix options with each other, complement them with each other, and implement interesting ideas. For example, fantasy is becoming one of the most popular styles today. Under the influence of "Traveling there and back", "The Witcher", novels about barbarians, sorcerers, gnome treasures, customers dream of seeing the Hobbitania or the Deep Forest on their site. Yes, sometimes adults also want to live in a fairy tale. The task of a specialist is to realize this desire, filling the surrounding space with mysterious corners under the canopy of woven branches, unknown paths leading to a quiet backwater, "semi-antique" buildings. A cellar from Shir, an orphanage - a hut of Baba Yaga, a gazebo with a stove, similar to a troll tavern, will successfully indicate that the property belongs to the "kingdom far away from the land."

Landscape style is a set of artistic techniques, a system of stable and uniform interpretations of forms that determine the general appearance of your garden, a certain combination and use of elements of vegetation, types of decor.

Landscape Styles - Complete List

≡ Navigation 16 styles:

Styles of landscape gardening art, as well as, can be divided into historically established and relatively new, modern. Let's start with the first ones.

English or landscape landscaping

As the name suggests, this method of decorating a garden plot in England took shape at the beginning of the 18th century.
The main idea of the style is love and respect for the natural flora, the commonality of man and nature.
English handwriting is a balance between slight negligence, even neglect and homeliness, well-groomed garden.
Harmony is achieved through the following criteria:

smooth contours and lines, absence of straight and sharp corners;
the unity of the garden and the house;
vertical gardening;
stone paved, winding paths that mimic trails;
neat lawns as a place for passive rest;
the use of plants of various heights to create relief and scenic corridors;
an abundance of perennial plants;
externally natural pond or stream;
flower beds in the form of flower "carpets" and mounds;
riot of colors, color contrasts.

The landscape garden, stylized as a "wild" corner of nature, begins right outside the door of the house, on the facade and gates, entwined with ivy, grapes and ramblers - climbing English roses known in the world.

The English Garden is a flower festival. Among the most popular are: roses, begonias, lobelias, poppies, scarlet sage, multi-colored delphinium.

The attributes of a truly English landscape are wooden or stone benches located at the end of paths, flowerpots with flowers, ceramic slabs mounted in alleys, a romantic gazebo, small bridges, forged lanterns.
A characteristic feature is the presence of one or two antique objects: a statue, a shop.
Coloring - greens interspersed with silver, white, crimson, lilac shades.

Dutch style in landscape design

You can get an idea of it by looking at the paintings of the masters of the Dutch school. It is characterized by pastorality, bright flowery, exemplary, sleek look. Dominants of the Dutch style:

parterre lawn, the center of the garden and the pride of the owner;
hedge;
few trees (flowers and shrubs are preferred);
mixborders along garden paths;
rustic decor, funny figurines;
flower beds in carts.

In front of the facade of the house, hidden by vines, there is a very elegant lawn surrounded by flower beds and ornamental shrubs - the heart of the garden. To create it, bushy cereals with narrow leaves are suitable, forming a thick, silky cover. The lawn is accentuated with a standard tree, a topiary, a small fountain or a tiny flower bed with flowers - camassia, hyacinths, crocuses. The parterre lawn is surrounded by a hedge or mixborder, a mixed flower garden with carefully selected crops.
Bulbous ones are the most popular: tulips, lilies, daffodils. Among the favorites are also delphinium, mordovnik, foxglove.

An indispensable condition for a Dutch garden is openness so that passers-by can admire it. Therefore, solid fences are not installed, but are content with a hedge made of juniper, boxwood, dogwood, or a fence made of rare forged rods.
The paths are covered with chips or pebbles, they equip sites on which pavilions are placed, and decorative elements. But the benches are often "cut" right into the mixborder, into a living fence.

A Dutch garden is unthinkable without hand-made decorations: firstly, these are carts “loaded” with flowers. Secondly, decorative mills and wells, as well as wheels, wooden buckets and barrels, even chests of drawers and suitcases adapted for mini-flower beds. Sculptures are often funny, awakening a smile: stone frogs, gnomes, crows, mermaids.
The palette of the Dutch garden is luscious greenery with bright flashes of scarlet, blue, white.

Country in landscape design (rustic style)

Innocent naturalness is the basis of the village garden. He does not declare the idea of unity with nature, he is nature itself.
Free, rustic design does not mean, however, a complete lack of rules. There they are:

simplicity and light randomness;
gravel paths or paved with grassed stones;
the presence of fruit trees and garden beds;
flowers growing not only in flower beds;
creeping, climbing plants on fences;
decor from "village" objects - fragments of a wicker tyna, carts and wheels, clay pots and jugs, barrels;
fruits in the role of flowers - pumpkins, physalis, bunches of grapes and mountain ash;
combining horticultural and wild crops into one group.

The view of the village plot is the golden mean between the natural neglect and household care, beauty and benefit.
Fruit trees and bushes, beds are required, in this, one might say, the originality of the style. It is better to arrange apple trees or plums not in a heap and in a strict order, but in different corners of the site. It is also not worth forming a full-fledged vegetable garden from the beds, you can limit yourself to spicy, healthy herbs.

Expensive, exotic flowers will not fit into a landscape full of rural spontaneity. But such a garden will not do without sunflowers and mallow, cosmos, chamomile, calendula and marigolds.
Where it is dusk, you can plant shade-loving hosts, textured ferns.
Flowers in a similar area do not grow in flower beds, but simply on free lawns, near fruit trees and between vegetable beds.

The attributes of a rustic country garden are wood or wicker furniture of an artless look, birdhouses, swings, rude, handmade hedges, and a funny garden scarecrow.
The variety of country decor is almost limitless: you can use rustic dishes and utensils, all kinds of tubs, drawbars and rocker arms, decorating them with flowers.

Chinese style in landscape design

The world's first park appeared in Suzhou District - Chinese landscape art for thousands of years. It is based on the provisions of Feng Shui. The movement of water and wind, the main elements in the Taoist worldview, generates qi energy, which should permeate both the house and the garden. If the layout does not take into account these wisdom, does not regulate the flow of qi, the garden cannot be called Chinese, no matter how many pagodas you put in it.

The Chinese are sure: qi energy circulates freely only along natural, miraculous lines and contours. Therefore, there can be no symmetry, parallels, right angles in the garden.
In addition, the Chinese garden is subject to the following rules:

all items must form a single, complete composition;
the garden is obliged to heal, to be a "hall" for qigong and meditation;
a new landscape should be visible from anywhere, creating the impression infinity landscape;
water is present in the hypostases of rest and movement;
the presence of a tea gazebo in a secluded nook is also required;
finally, plant diversity is another credo Taoist parka.

The garden in the Middle Kingdom is a model of the world, which means it looks as if pines, bamboo, boulders and streams appeared on their own, many years ago.
Such a garden must create the impression of infinity, as well as fullness and richness. Wherever you turn, a new facet of beauty should open up from everywhere.
A stream with running water and a pond with standing water are indispensable companions of the Chinese park. Carefully selected stones are located in one area selected according to the rules of Feng Shui. Stones of unusual color and shape are especially appreciated.
The completeness of the composition presupposes a garden fence, which, however, repeats all the bends of the relief and tends to merge with bushes and trees. A wooden gate, crowned with a wise aphorism, leads to the Chinese garden.

A round-shaped tea house is placed on a dais, from where the distance is clearly visible.
The flora in the Chinese garden is all symbolism. Each tree means something: pine - fortitude, peach - happiness, juniper - health, fir - longevity ... In China, they love jasmine, chrysanthemums and peonies, tea roses, dahlias, irises.

Colonial style in landscape design

Colonial garden art combined the traditions of the Old World with the practice of the natives, the inhabitants of the colonies. Signs of a colonial garden:

simple, utilitarian materials;
a veranda or terrace as the starting point of the garden;
plants and topiary in large tubs;
white wooden fence;
several sentimental sculptures;
liberty, slight absent-mindedness, showing through in the manner of design.

The colonial-style garden begins on a veranda lined with spits and hops. Garden paths in the Dutch manner are sprinkled with chips or covered with wooden flooring, flagstone.
The area is decorated with small sculptures made of stone, alabaster, ceramics or wood - these are rabbits and ducks, chubby angels, cherubs and cupids.

V set the colonial garden may also include a fountain - a small, stylized washstand, located at the walls of the veranda.
Arches and pergolas, if there is room for them, preferably wrought iron, garden furniture - from planed boards, rattan, vines or bamboo.
Don't forget the rocking chair and hammock.

Plants in a colonial-style garden are enchanting with their variegated variety. In tubs, flowerpots, containers, urns bloom, replacing each other: hyacinths, daffodils, peonies, lilies, phloxes, begonia, fragrant tobacco and peas, carnations, hydrangeas. The dishes in which they grow can be moved, brought in during cold weather on the veranda or in the house.

A certain place is assigned to edible and medicinal plants - sage, echinacea, lemongrass, marjoram. Fruit trees prevail among the trees, because at first the colonial gardens were not so much a resting place as a source of fruits and vegetables.

Moorish landscape design

The Moorish Garden is a fairy tale embodied, an oasis full of colors, sounds and aromas. Splendor and luxury are its main parameters.
The distinctive properties of such a landscape include:

isolation, closeness;
the chor-bak principle at the heart of the layout;
classical norms, symmetry;
flower beds in the form of squares, sometimes circles;
pools and fountains lined with Arabic mosaics;
the obligatory presence of fruit, sweet-smelling trees;
fragrant flowers and herbs;
beds, benches in the shade.

The eastern garden is hidden from prying eyes behind a stone fence. It is a square divided into four equal parts (chor-bak rule). Paths, bushes, less often canals cope with the role of boundaries between squares.
Inside each "puzzle" is a pond, a fountain or even a pool. Peaches, quinces, apricots and pears are crowded alongside jasmine and roses, hinting at the heavenly bushes. What is missing?
- That's right, birds. Peacocks roam the Moorish garden, and cages with canaries and parrots hang in the trees.

In addition to roses, oriental gardens are characterized by tulips, hyacinths, and lilies growing in oblong flower beds.

The murmur of water, bird trills, the fragrance of flowers and fruits should be felt anywhere in the Moorish arboretum.

Details of the Moorish landscape - comfortable, wide beds with many pillows, gazebos in the form of tents, awnings made of thin, airy fabrics and glass beads, mosaics.
The palette is juicy greens, purples, yellows, violet colors.

Provence style in landscape design

In fact, this is the style of French villages - sweet, soulful, rude and sophisticated at the same time.
Conceptual features french garden:

fruit trees with silhouettes formed in the form of palmettes;
stone terraces, supports of old, rough tuff, sandstone or shell rock;
many colors of pastel shades;
beds with Provencal herbs;
semi-antique gazebos with the same furniture;
pergolas and trellises;
stone well and / or fountain;
narrow cobbled paths in addition to the wide main paths.

Mostly French vineyards are located on the slopes, so the gardens are usually fortified with terraces and retaining structures made of stone. Actually, a couple of wide steps are enough to remind you of this tradition.

The gnarled masonry covered with creepers is the trademark of the Provencal style, in which every object is wrapped in a light veil of archaism.

Plants are chosen with foliage of various, but soft shades - apple, olive, linden, apricots, plane trees, Dubrovnik, grapes.
The main paths are covered with ceramic tiles, rectangular or square, additional ones are sprinkled with white sand.
The shade in the French garden is created by pergolas that support wisterias and clematis.
The water in the south is a true value, therefore a medium-sized fountain made of wild stone must “register” on the site.
The "highlight" of French gardens is the springs built into the masonry of the retaining walls. Previously, there was also a well, but today it is being replaced by a pool, the sides of which are decorated with ceramic vases with flowers.

There are a lot of flowers: hydrangeas, delphinium, lavatera, cosmeya, lupine ... Spicy herbs are no less favored: lavender, hyssop, rosemary, thyme, anise, oregano, mint, thyme.
For color, pumpkins and ornamental cabbage are added to the beds.

Creating a corner of a French village is a delicate matter, because many plants will have to look for an adequate replacement. The main difficulty is to arrange fruit and ornamental trees, shrubs, flowers and herbs in the correct tiers so that the garden remains an integral, colorful picture all year round.

The gazebo and garden furniture are mostly wooden, with patina and cracks. For heightened comfort, pillows are laid out on chairs and benches, and the entrance to the arbor is covered with muslin.
The shades of the Provencal garden are soft green, white, pink, sky blue and, of course, lavender.

Regular (classic, formal) style

The ensembles of Peterhof, Versailles, Sanssouci, Tuileries, Hyde Park and other complexes are excellent examples of such a landscape.
Regular style, sometimes called landscape baroque, originated in France, the core of his concept is “man - the architect of nature”.

Classicism, in the bosom of which this garden design was formed, preached rationalism and advocated logic, clarity of proportions. It is no wonder that the regular style, in particular, is characterized by:

mirror symmetry, straight alleys, perfect geometry of flower beds and lawns;
the main parterre is a rectangular lawn decorated with an antique statue, an exquisite flower garden, vases, colored sand and gravel;
fountains, sculptures and flower beds as centers of compositions;
bosquettes - green "rooms" surrounded by walls of trimmed trees and bushes;
an abundance of ridges along the paths - elongated flower beds forming a complex pattern;
more artificial than ponds of ideally regular, geometric shape;
classic gazebos and gazebos at the intersection of the alleys, serving as observation platforms from where you can admire the garden;
strict silhouettes of topiary, flowerpots with flowers;
antique statues or sculptural compositions.

All small architectural forms in the garden - from fountains and sculptures to garden benches - are placed at carefully selected points, at the intersections of paths, to emphasize the symmetry of the territory. In addition to the items listed, columns and stone balls, wrought-iron pergolas and arches, clearly delineated, living borders are widely used in classical gardens.

A special role in the regular landscape belongs to low trees and shrubs with dense crowns, which perfectly keep the shape set by gardeners, these are: cypresses, thuja, euonymus, lindens, spireas, maples. Of the flowers, preference is given to tulips and lilies, cyclamens.
Shades of a classic garden, in addition to natural greenery - white, blue, pale yellow.

Landscape in the style of "Russian estate"

You can get into the spirit of this style by reading Russian classics. The only pity is that the Russian scale, typical of old gardens, cannot be embodied in a small area. In addition to the scale, the manor style is distinguished by the following accents:

streamlined shapes and smooth lines;
old lindens, oaks with large trunks and spreading crowns;
shady, secluded corners;
antique sculptures;
artificial pond;
lawns with wild vegetation;
pavilion or rotunda;
hedges, raised flower beds;
forged lanterns.

The atmosphere of the Russian garden is calm and thoughtful; it is good to retire in it with a book, to dream of love.

When equipping a garden-estate, one should avoid too correct forms and pedantry unusual for the Russian mentality.

Benches, swings and gazebos are of a dull color, most often white.
Do not get carried away with exotic flowers, and it is better to prefer lawns covered with clover and dandelions over lawns. There must be several coniferous trees, among which, of course, the spruce - the emblem of the Russian forest.

Among the accessories, in addition to the ones mentioned, there are also flowerpots, old, mossy statues, wrought iron lattices.
The gamut of the Russian garden is watercolor, without loud components, white, heavenly, pink, lilac and cream shades prevail in it.

Mediterranean (Italian) style of garden design

This is a southern version of the landscape, a resort near the house.
Expressive strokes:

play of light and shadow;
patio as the center of the composition;
tropical plants in ceramic tubs;
pool;
pergolas and umbrellas;
wide, white-painted benches;
mosaic-paved paths and platforms;
stone terraces or wide steps.

Mediterranean garden - a synthesis of stones, terracotta, plants that surround the water in the pool. The layout is strict, because the homeland of the classical canons is the Mediterranean, Hellas and Rome.
The patio is covered with ceramic tiles; for awnings, white, blue, yellow canvas is used.
The territory is landscaped with palms in tubs, cypresses, magnolias, acacia, silver olives, almonds and pistachios. Show topiary skill, cutting crowns in the form of balls and pyramids. Crocuses, hyacinths, climbing roses, snapdragons and levkoi, lilies, primroses are cultivated. And also dried flowers - immortelle, kermek, decorative bows and cereals.

Pergolas entwined with ivy and hanging over alleys, grottoes will fit into the concept of the Italian garden.

Accessories and decor - amphora-shaped vases, flower pots against the background of white walls and shutters, Corinthian columns and porticoes, imitation of antique ruins.
The colors of the garden are shades of sand and sea.

Japanese landscape design

A traditional garden in Japan is part of the worldview, a territory not for fun, but for thought and contemplation. There are no accidents in it, aesthetics for the sake of aesthetics: all components symbolize certain elements, express yin and yang.
Western rationalism with its straightforwardness, unnatural symmetry and geometry is alien to Japanese gardens.
In fact, this is a cast, a toy copy of a large-scale landscape, in which there are rivers and mountains, tall trees and low bushes.

Signs of a Japanese garden:

asymmetry as the basis for planning;
many stones from rather large boulders to fine gravel, groups of them (rock gardens);
tree crowns formed in the form of hills;
a variety of reservoirs: a stream, a pond, a stone bowl with water;
paved, step-by-step trails;
Dry streams;
moss, ferns;
bamboo hedges, gates;
gazebo - tea house.

The Japanese garden is distinguished by its seclusion - most often it is hidden behind walls, due to which, as well as boulders and grottoes, it is associated with a refuge.

All water bodies in a Japanese garden have a natural appearance - that is, they are not fountains or pools.

One of the important characteristics of a Japanese garden is its off-season nature, it is planned in such a way as to facilitate reflection and contemplation at any time of the year. The garden should be pleasing to the eye both in early spring and late autumn, and even in winter. To do this, they use not only evergreens, but also Japanese lanterns in the branches, trees with winding trunks, bizarre roots and driftwood.

The attributes of a Japanese-style garden are benches made of roughly sawn wood or stone, graceful curved bridges over streams, ropes.
The paths in such a park are not easy, they symbolize the path of life and are covered with flat, every step, stones.
Typical flora - pine and maple, cherry, bamboo. You should definitely include plants, the leaves of which acquire a scarlet, crimson, crimson color.
The range of the Japanese garden is gray-green, white, brown, red-brown, carmine; transitions from color to color are blurry, blurry.

Despite the fact that the direction implies laconicism and extreme simplicity, it is quite difficult to implement the idea of minimalism in the garden. After all, it has to be implemented using the minimum number of tools.
The principles of such a garden:

the use of relief drops for dividing into zones;
spaciousness, isolation of objects;
steps, stairs;
straight as arrows of the path;
geometric regular pond.

Garden accessories and minimalist garden décor have something in common with hi-tech, but are less varied. These are, in particular, polished balls made of metal, stone or concrete, strict but effective diode lamps, painted gravel, lightweight outdoor furniture made of plastic or aluminum.

Gravel and crushed stones can replace lawns altogether. Trees and shrubs are distinguished by graphical forms - these are plane trees, spruce and thuja, columnar juniper.

For vertical gardening, hops, actinidia, wild grapes are used. Sedges and ferns, mosses and grasses are suitable for covering the soil.
Flowers?
- Even minimalism will not do without them, but there should be few bright plants, two or three cultures. Zinnias, petunias, asters, chrysanthemums are planted in wooden or plastic boxes, which emphasizes the urban spirit of the style.
Minimalist paints - gray, silver, white, beige, light brown.

emphasis on the structure of the garden, on small architectural forms;
smooth, arched, wavy lines;
use of modern materials;
an abundance of accents;
contrast of color and textures, alternation of well-lit and dark areas;
asymmetric flower beds and flower beds.

Modern is closer to the landscape style with its rejection of the correct outlines that are not inherent in wildlife. But the freedom of style is not unlimited, rather even well-dosed.

The central point of the Art Nouveau garden is. The vegetation is planted in groups, in the middle of which there is something unusual, an exotic shrub, for example, or a tree with original color leaves, bright berries, a fancy trunk.
To create contrasts, they combine tall oak and squat willow, common species with dwarf ones. Creepers such as wild grapes, ivy and clematis are widely used.

Pretentiousness, mystery, which the style requires, add irises, lilies, nasturtiums, poppies, lilies of the valley, daffodils, variegated succulents and branchy ferns.

Details of the Art Nouveau garden - clear outlines of flower containers, large concrete or terracotta slabs, textured garden parquet, figurines of birds, beetles and butterflies. And also forged lattices with a floral pattern, mounted in gazebos, benches, lanterns and fences.

The colors of the garden are beige, chocolate, silver, pink, burgundy, blue.

High-tech in landscape design

Yes, this fashionable style has made its way into nature, subjecting it to the latest technologies. This landscape is distinguished by:

expressive, chopped shapes, clear boundaries, right angles;
polished stone and wood;
large parts made of glass, metal, finishing with composite materials;
straight or zigzag alleys;
very well-groomed, smooth lawn;
supports for vertical gardening;
an embossed pond in a concrete edging;
straight, like step keys;
modern lamps as a means of decoration and landscape lighting;
fences in the form of cubes, rectangles, balls.

High-tech does not provide for bright flower beds, urging to abandon lush flower beds, an abundance of colors.
For landscaping, they choose not very tall trees and shrubs with hard, dense crowns - boxwood, spruce, juniper, plane trees.
A hedge is formed from barberry, hawthorn, cotoneaster. Small, peculiar flower beds of ferns, hosts, succulents are laid on the lawns.

Straight paths are neatly and densely covered with concrete tiles, wooden blocks, or sprinkled with white, painted gravel.

There can be several artificial ponds, autonomous or interconnected, necessarily of the correct shape, with concrete "banks".

However, a high-tech garden is not at all devoid of decor. It is decorated with balls and spherical vases made of polished stone and mirror metal, abstract monuments, LED lamps.
Containers for plants, pool sides and steps to it, futuristic sculptures are equipped with even, "space" lighting.
And also among the accessories - spherical arbors made of metal or wood, artificial stones, CDs on branches.

The general flavor is a mixture of gray, chocolate, silver, blue, purple. Dilute the restrained palette with strokes of red, red, black.

Eco-style in landscape design (naturgarden)

Eco-style landscape design is a fashionable hobby today. The essence of the venture is a minimal intrusion into the natural environment for the sake of preserving the maximum naturalness of the landscape.
Naturgarden is a local, self-sufficient ecosystem in which all elements are connected and support each other. Its signs:

materials of natural origin, typical for the area;
authenticity, miraculousness of the relief;
a combination of garden flowers with wild plants, plants and stones;
natural lawns, covered not with lawn grass, but with wild, field;
uneven, intermittent paths, carelessly lined with stones with gaps;
forest trees and shrubs.

The basis of the eco-garden is the flora characteristic of the area. And not only because it meets the criterion of maximum naturalness. But also because such plants are resistant to pests and do not require chemical protection.

The paths are covered with stone, turf or pebbles - they should not be straight, but not too winding, so as not to stand out from the environment.

The attributes of ecological design are primitive-looking furniture made of wood, vine or rattan, a stone hearth or fireplace, a hut or a shed. Stumps and driftwood, cut trees in the eco-garden replace benches and statues, and a small swamp, bordered by reeds, is a fountain.

The decor of the garden is discreet: lanterns, for example, from bottles suspended from trees, bird feeders, crafts made from vines or hemp. Decorate an eco-site and a house for beetles, a beehive.

Vegetation is selected in such a way that it benefits the fauna, gets along with insects and birds. These are, for example, melliferous flowers that attract bees, bushes where hedgehogs will start, berries that birds will feed on.
The palette of the ecological garden is soft, natural colors.

The garden is an extension of the house, and you do not choose its style when you buy flower seeds and tree seedlings. And much earlier, when you decide what it will be like, its setting. You must admit that it is difficult to imagine a garden in a regular style, adjacent to a high-tech house. Or an oriental, Islamic landscape with an English cottage ...
However, it is not at all necessary to try to embody this or that landscape idea, using everything, from A to Z, style resources. Sometimes a few or only a few style elements are enough for the garden to acquire a spectacular, memorable look.