Leskov man on the clock analysis of the work. Man on clock analysis
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Answer from Lady Leo? Clear-eyed? [Guru]
N. A. Leskov. "The man on the clock."
Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" was written in 1887. This work tells about one case, which the writer calls "partly a courtier, partly a historical anecdote."
In his story, Leskov touches on many important issues. All of them make you think about a lot. What happened?
At night the sentry Postnikov stood at his post. And suddenly he heard that the man had fallen into the wormwood and was drowning. The sentry faces a problem. He thinks whether to save the drowning man or stay at his post. After all, Postnikov is a soldier. This means that he must not break his oath. He swore his loyalty to the emperor, swore in front of the Russian flag on the Bible. Leskov makes you wonder what is more important: a person's life or loyalty to the oath.
Postnikov knew that if they find out about his violation, then he faces many troubles. This hero could be sent to hard labor and even shot. Nevertheless, Postnikov decided to save the drowning man. Did he do the right thing? Is people's lives more important than formalities? Military leaders should value those soldiers who sacrifice themselves to save others. This act of Postnikov shows that the hero knows how to make decisions, knows how to act decisively, according to the situation.
However, the military leadership did not appreciate the sentry's heroic deed. It not only put Postnikov in a punishment cell, but also sentenced him for violating the charter. The hero was "showered" with two hundred blows with rods. Lieutenant Colonel Svinin himself (a very telling surname!) Came to make sure that "the nervous Postnikov was" done properly. " After the spanking, the hero lay in the infirmary. But the most amazing thing is that he was grateful to fate and his superiors, that he got off easily. What a frightened person it took to think that!
Their superiors are largely to blame for the downtroddenness of the soldiers. And Leskov clearly shows us this. Upon learning of Postnikov's feat, the entire military leadership was alarmed. But for what reason? So that it does not come to the sovereign of the emperor that one soldier broke the oath. Lieutenant Colonel Svinin worries that this will affect his career. General Kokoshkin simply does not care, because this incident does not concern him. The general settles the "business". The false savior will receive a medal for saving a drowning man, and the savior will receive two hundred rods.
Leskov shows that the army bosses are "dead" people. Their whole life is subject to the oath. For them, it is dearer than living people. Officers like Miller are a rare exception. But they are not liked and criticized for "humanism". Not only army life is permeated with injustice, callousness and evil. Life in the world is subject to the same laws. At the end of the story, the writer shows us this. The priest, to whom the story of Postnikov reached, asked Svinin about everything in detail. But he did not condemn any of the campaigners, did not regret Postnikov. This lord got off with "tricky" phrases. He simply quenched his curiosity by hearing about "worldly affairs."
Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" makes you think about a lot. Human life is more important than an oath, more precious than words, even if spoken to the king himself. Analysis of the story - into the world.
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Answer from Alla Fedorenko[active]
The event, the story of which below is offered to the readers' attention, is touching and terrible in its significance for the main heroic person of the play, and the denouement of the case is so original that such a thing is hardly even possible anywhere except Russia.
This is partly a courtier, partly a historical anecdote, not badly characterizing the mores and trends of a very curious, but extremely poorly noted era of the thirties of the nineteenth century.
There is no fiction in the upcoming story at all.
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Lord- the bishop to whom Lieutenant Colonel Svinin tells the story of the rescue of a drowning man by sentry Postnikov. Vladyka justifies the punishment of Postnikov with Pigs and hypocritically reveals the triumph of the highest divine justice, the manifestation of providence in the disgusting story with Postnikov. Vladykov in the story "The Man on the Clock" embodies the official beginning in Orthodoxy in the era of Nicholas I, sanctifying the vile actions of those in power. Vladyka is a real historical person, Metropolitan of Moscow Filaret (Drozdov), a negative attitude towards whom is expressed in several of Leskov's works.
Kokoshkin- St. Petersburg Chief of Police; acts as the savior and benefactor of Lieutenant Colonel Svinin and his subordinate Captain Miller, paradoxically combining the role of a merciful benefactor and an unrighteous dignitary. Wanting to save Svinin and Miller from trouble, Kokoshkin rewards for saving the drowning not the true savior Postnikov, but the officer. Kokoshkin is a real historical person.
Miller Nikolay Ivanovich- Captain of the Izmailovsky regiment, company commander of Private Postnikov, telling his story. The humane Miller is opposed to the serviceman Svinin, devoid of compassion for the unfortunate Postnikov. Miller's kindness from the story "The Man on the Watch" is powerless against the cruel, iron adherence to the letter of the military regulations. Miller is a real person, Leskov's acquaintance, from whom the writer learned the story told in The Man on the Clock.
the officer- an officer of the invalid team guarding the royal palace; a witness to the salvation of a drowning man by sentry Postnikov, he acts as a false savior, a false hero. The officer credits himself with saving the drowning man, hoping to receive a reward; however, the inconsistency of the story causes distrust among the police. The desire of Lieutenant Colonel Svinin to avoid the sovereign's discontent for the military offense of Postnikov (who left his post near the imperial palace for the sake of saving a man) and the desire of Chief of Police Kokoshkin to please the sovereign, distinguishing a soldier serving in the protection of the palace, lead to the awarding of the Officer.
Postnikov- Private of the Izmailovsky regiment; after long hesitation between observing the charter and human duty, he saves a drowning man from death, leaving his post near the royal palace. He plays the paradoxical role of a war criminal and a hero at the same time. Instead of the reward for saving a person, which the officer receives, Postnikov, who miraculously escaped the most severe punishment with rods, is sentenced by Lieutenant Colonel Pigs to two hundred blows with rods. The story of this hero of the story "The Man on the Watch" testifies to the cruelty and absurdity of the army orders in the era of Nicholas I, based on the unquestioning fulfillment of all the provisions of the military regulations in any situation. The absurdity of the situation is aggravated by Postnikov's confidence in the justice of the punishment and joy that the execution was not so cruel.
Svinin- Lieutenant Colonel of the Izmailovsky regiment, battalion commander, subordinate to Postnikov. This hero of the story "The Man on the Clock" is presented in the contradictory role of both the savior and the executioner Postnikov: wishing to avoid trouble, he hides Postnikov's deed-feat, but personally gives the order to punish him. Svinin is a devout serviceman in whom loyalty to the rules of the charter suppresses kindness and compassion.
The writing
Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" was written in 1887. The author poses before us the problem of moral choice.
Leskov reveals this problem in a scene when the protagonist Postnikov is at his post and hears the cries of a dying man for help. Postnikov has been plagued by doubts for a long time. On the one hand, if he leaves the post, he will violate the military regulations, and he will be punished. On the other hand, if he does not save the drowning man, his conscience will torment him, and this is worse than military punishment. Nevertheless, Postnikov makes his choice and saves the drowning man, after which he goes to the military authorities.
The author makes us think what is more important - a human life or a soldier's duty. And it shows us that human life is more important. One cannot but agree with this, because Postnikov violated his oath for the sake of a good cause, however, the military leadership did not appreciate this act and punished Postnikov. The army bosses are shown to us as "Dead people" - for them words on paper are more important than human life. Officer Miller is an exception, but such people are not liked "for their humanism."
To prove all of the above, I will give an example. Let us recall the story of Maxim Gorky "The Old Woman Izergil", namely the legend about Danko: Danko, just like Postnikov, faces a choice and performs the feat of self-sacrifice. He rips out his heart, and it illuminates the path of the tribe. However, Danko's feat went unnoticed. Moreover, there was a man who stepped on his heart with his foot.
Danko made his choice and saved the tribe. Postnikov and Danko ranked the possibility of saving someone else's life higher than the desire to save their own life.
And in our time there is a place for feat. Not so long ago, policeman Dmitry Makovkin, who was killed in a terrorist attack in Volgograd, stopped the terrorist at the entrance to the station building. Thanks to his actions, a large number of human casualties were avoided. Dmitry, just like Postnikov and Danko, faced a choice: he could not have dared to stop the terrorist, but thanks to his courage, he saved a large number of people, and, unfortunately, paid with his life.
All of the above heroes are united by courage, bravery, the ability to make bold decisions and the ability to put the life of the surrounding people above their own.
Expert assessment of essay No. 1
Leskov's story (it would be appropriate to quote the author's initials) "The Man on the Clock" was written in 1887. The author poses before us the problem of moral choice. (In this context, the second sentence should have a pronominal connection with the first one - a grammatical error, besides, the phrase "poses a problem for us" is better to replace with "raises a problem" - a speech defect, the beginning could look like this: In the story of NS Leskov The Man on the Clock, written in 1887, raises the issue of moral choice.)
Leskov (no initials) reveals this problem in the scene when the main character Postnikov is at his post and hears the cries of a dying man for help. Postnikov has been plagued by doubts for a long time. On the one hand, if he leaves the post, then he (speech error: repetition of a word) will violate the military regulations, and he will be punished. On the other hand, if he does not save the drowning man, his conscience will torment him, and this is worse than military punishment. Nevertheless, Postnikov makes his choice and saves the drowning man, after which he goes to the military authorities.
The author makes us think what is more important - a human life or a soldier's duty. And it shows us that human life is more important. One cannot but agree with this (this proposal had to start with a new paragraph), because Postnikov violated the oath for a good cause, however (punctuation error: no comma is needed after the word "however") the military leadership did not appreciate this act and punished Postnikov. The army bosses are shown to us as "Dead people" (grammatical error) - for them words on paper are more important than human life. Officer Miller is an exception, but such people are not liked "for their humanism" (a logical error in the continuation of the sentence, which is not related to the previous text and offers a new topic for reasoning).
In proof of all of the above (it was said above that people like Miller are not liked for their humanism ..., the author of the essay, apparently, refers us to the beginning of the third paragraph, but we should not guess about this, the logical connection should not be broken) , (punctuation error: comma is not needed) I will give an example (and it is necessary not to give an example, but to create an evidence base for the thesis being put forward). Let us recall the story of Maxim Gorky "The Old Woman Izergil", namely the legend about Danko: Danko, just like Postnikov, faces a choice and performs the feat of self-sacrifice. He rips out his heart, and it illuminates the path of the tribe. However, (punctuation error: no comma is needed after the word "however") Danko's feat went unnoticed. Moreover, there was a man who stepped on his heart with his foot.
Danko made his choice and saved the tribe. Postnikov and Danko put the possibility of saving someone else's life higher than the desire to preserve their own life (a speech error is pleonasm: it was enough to use the word “our own” or “our own”).
And in our time there is a place for feat. Not so long ago, (punctuation error: no comma needed) policeman Dmitry Makovkin, who died in the terrorist attack in Volgograd, (punctuation error: no comma needed) stopped a terrarist (spelling error: terrorist) at the entrance to the station building. Thanks to his actions, a large number of human casualties were avoided. Dmitry, (punctuation error: no comma needed) just like Postnikov and Danko, faced a choice: he could not have dared to stop the terrorist, but thanks to his courage, he saved a large number of people, and, unfortunately, paid with his life ...
All of the above heroes are united by courage, bravery, the ability to make bold decisions and the ability to put the life of those around them (grammatical error: correctly - “the life of others”) above their own.
All of the above allows us to conclude: Leskov's story teaches that human duty is most important. It may not always be appreciated at its true worth, but this is not the main thing. The main thing is to always act as your conscience and honor tell you.
Composition based on Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock"
Nikolai Semenovich Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" is not just a transfer of information about some ancient incident, it is a thoughtful consideration of moral and ethical types in human society. A similar situation could have happened at any historical time, in any political system.
The sentry, torn between moral laws and military duty, nevertheless chooses the first - he saves a person, knowing that he is destroying himself. A Russian proverb set in motion - perish yourself, and help your comrade out.
Higher-ranking commanders, who, according to all the rules, were obliged to severely punish the sentry, treat him with understanding. They understand Postnikov's act; if they were in his place, they would have done the same. Even Svinin, who is worried, first of all, about himself and his career, while talking with Vladyka, approves of the actions of his subordinate.
The story, originally titled "The Salvation of the Lost One," has been renamed "The Man on the Watch." It seems to me that the change in the title of the story is very correct - at the right time, in the right place at the post was not just an obedient cog in the state machine, but a strong personality.
VI Dal in his dictionary gives such people as fasting people a capacious and precise definition: "Man is the highest of earthly creatures, endowed with reason, free will, speech, conscience, heart."
While reading the story, I was very worried about the fate of the main character. And I am glad that cordiality has prevailed over the soullessness of state laws and regulations.
Composition "The man on the clock" based on the story of N. Leskov
When I read the work of Nikolai Leskov "The Man on the Clock", I was thinking about the rules. The rules were invented in order to make life easier for people. But sometimes busting starts. Then the rule becomes more important than the person. Everyone tries to comply with it at any cost, forgetting about the meaning, about other people.
The same absurdity occurs in Leskov's story. The hero of the story, the hour of the palace guard Postnikov, abandons his guardhouse and rescues a man drowning in the icy water of the Neva. Although the sentry should never leave the post. Hurrying to help, the sentry knew that for this violation he would face a tribunal, hard labor, right up to execution. During the time of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, such rules were adopted in the troops.
Leskov ironically writes how the soldier's superiors perceive the news of their salvation: “Trouble! A terrible misfortune has befallen! " After that, Lieutenant Colonel Svinin and Chief of Police Kokoshkin try to hide the fact that the sentry has left his post. Therefore, the medal of salvation is given to an outsider in general, and Postnikov is put in a punishment cell.
The idea of N. Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" is the absurdity and inhumanity of the system, which is built on fear and "show off." This work reveals the theme of conscience, the theme of humanity, the theme of freedom of choice, the theme of soulless formalism.
Lieutenant Colonel Svinin is mired in formalities like mud. No wonder he bears such a surname. Svinin is only interested in his own career and the opinion of the authorities about him, so as not to say: "Svinin is weak." As a result, the soldier who accomplished the feat receives two hundred sticks, and he is also “satisfied” that the punishment is so “mild”.
After the punishment, the authorities send Postnikov tea and sugar to the infirmary: "rest, they say." It's good though. But this also shows hypocrisy: the military does not do what they think to themselves. "A picture for sight" is more important for them than real life.
What makes me think about the story of N.S. Leskov "The Man on the Clock"
Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock" was written in 1887. This work tells about one case, which the writer calls "partly a courtier, partly a historical anecdote."
But, I think, in his story, Leskov touches on many important problems. They all make me think about a lot. What happened? At night the sentry Postnikov stood at his post. And suddenly he heard that the man had fallen into the wormwood and was drowning. The sentry faces a problem. He thinks whether to save the drowning man or stay at his post. After all, Postnikov is a soldier. This means that he must not break his oath. He swore his loyalty to the emperor, swore in front of the Russian flag on the Bible. Leskov makes you wonder what is more important: a person's life or loyalty to the oath. But Postnikov knew that if they find out about his violation, then he faces many troubles. This hero could be sent to hard labor and even shot. Nevertheless, Postnikov decided to save the drowning man. I think he did very well. It seems to me that people's lives are most important. And the military leadership should appreciate those soldiers who sacrifice themselves to save other people. This act of Postnikov shows that the hero knows how to make decisions, knows how to act according to the situation.
But the military leadership did not appreciate the sentry's heroic deed. It not only put Postnikov in a punishment cell, but also sentenced him for violating the charter. The hero was "showered" with two hundred blows with rods. Lieutenant Colonel Svinin himself (a very telling surname!) Came to make sure that "the nervous Postnikov was" done properly. " After the spanking, the hero lay in the infirmary. But the most amazing thing is that he was grateful to fate and his superiors that he got off easily. What a fearful person it took to think that!
Their superiors are largely to blame for the downtroddenness of the soldiers. And Leskov clearly shows us this. Upon learning of Postnikov's feat, the entire military leadership was alarmed. But for what reason? So that it does not come to the sovereign of the emperor that one soldier broke the oath. Lieutenant Colonel Svinin worries that this will affect his career. General Kokoshkin simply does not care, because this incident does not concern him. The general settles the "business". The false savior will receive a medal for saving a drowning man, and the savior will receive two hundred rods.
Leskov shows that the army bosses are "dead" people. Their whole life is subject to the oath. For them, it is dearer than living people. Officers like Miller are a rare exception. But they are not liked and criticized for "humanism".
But not only army life is permeated with injustice, callousness and evil. Life in a set is subject to the same laws. At the end of the story, the writer shows us this. The priest, who reached the story of Postnikov, asked Svinin about everything in detail. But he did not condemn any of the campaigners, did not regret Postnikov. This lord got off with "tricky" phrases. I think he just quenched his curiosity by hearing about "worldly affairs."
Leskov's story "The Man on the Watch" made me think about many things. I decided that human life is dearer than words, even if spoken by the king himself. You need to do what you think is necessary and not regret it. You need to be responsible for your actions. I also believe that injustice and cruelty cannot be tolerated. You cannot turn into "dead" people. You always need to help others, be attentive and sensitive to them.
Russian folk character in Leskov's story "The Man on the Clock"
The works of Nikolai Semenovich Leskov are dedicated to the people. He wrote about the fate of talented and unusual representatives of the people, but also wrote about ordinary ones. These people embody all the best traits of the Russian character. Leskov loved the people very much and knew them well. In his works, people seem to be talking about themselves. In short stories, the writer shows the nobility, courage and fortitude of the Russian person. In the work "The Man on the Clock" we see the soldier Postnikov, who is at the post in St. Petersburg. He hears screams for help - someone has fallen under the ice. Different feelings are fighting in him - a desire to help and a sense of duty. He must stand on the clock, because you cannot leave the post, but after all, the person will die In spite of everything, Postnikov saves the drowning man and returns to his place. Leskov emphasizes that this act is very important. Why? Because if they find out, then the soldier will be tried and can be sent to hard labor. And so it turns out: Postnikov is being punished. But he does not regret his deed, because he saved a person. The writer draws our attention to the patience and resignation of the Russian people. The soldier endures all trials: rods, pain, and humiliation. And when Lieutenant Colonel Svinin gives him a pound of sugar and a quarter of a pound of tea, he is very glad that he got off so easily. Such is the Russian person: he endures and does not complain. And also a Russian man is courageous, strong, honest, he sympathizes with the weak and is ready to help in trouble. The story "The Man on the Watch" also showed us the order that was then in the army. The privates had no rights, and the officers could do anything. After all, the officers were all from the nobility. Leskov shows that they were weak, deceitful and currying favor with their superiors. Of course, we like Postnikov better, who risked his life to save a person.
The story was written in 1887 and published in April of the same year in the journal "Russian Thought" under the title "Salvation of the Perished". The writer attributed the hero of the story, the soldier Postnikov, to the "righteous", that is, to the type of positive character that Leskov imagined him to be.
In a letter to the editor of the journal "Historical Bulletin" in April 1887, he writes: "... I would advise to add to those two (" Cadet Monastery "and" Skomorokh " Russian thought ", because he also belongs to the" righteous ", is not great, everyone likes it enough and is not known anywhere, except for the Moscow magazine ... "Cadet Monastery", "Skomorokh" and "Perished ...") ".
The last version of the title of the story - "The Man on the Clock" ("The Man on the Clock (1839)") - gave it a broader, generalizing meaning, more precisely expressed the direction of the work: in Leskov, this is not a simple description of an ordinary case from the life of a big city, and the formulation and original solution of a philosophical problem is a person and his duty.
The chronicle form of the story (mention of historical figures - Svinin, Miller, the emperor, the metropolitan and others, as well as an indication of the year and even the season when the events described took place: "in winter, near Epiphany, in 1839 in St. Petersburg"), is, on the one hand, it is a means of artistic representation that is familiar to the writer, giving the appearance of historical authenticity, and on the other hand, it is designed to divert the attention of censorship from the actual nature of the work.
The event referred to in the story, according to the writer, is "touching and terrible," although none of its participants is deprived of life.
The "horror" of what happened is that because of the soullessness of the laws that existed at that time, human dignity was violated and humiliated, the norms of justice were violated, which, according to the writer, is almost worse than death itself.
The triumph of untruth and evil blesses the "lord", in whose image Leskov not only copied the portrait of Metropolitan Filaret Drozdov, but satirically depicted the type of clergyman - a hypocrite and opportunist.
“An incomplete truth is not a lie,” consoles the “lord” Lieutenant Colonel Svinin. "For a warrior to endure humiliation and wounds for his feat can be much more useful than being exalted with a sign."
The writer himself is on the side of the humiliated. He not only justifies, but also welcomes the act of the soldier Postnikov, who left his post at the imperial palace in order to save a man drowning in the river.
Clarifying the idea of the story, Leskov concludes by saying that he meant "those mortals who love good for the very good and do not expect any rewards for it, anywhere."
P. 419. Miller Nikolai Ivanovich (died in 1889) - lieutenant general, inspector, then director of the Alexander Lyceum.
Guardhouse - guardhouse, guard.
Floods - here: sinks.
S. 424. ... then "humanism" was not yet completely derived ... - a hint of the Decembrist sentiments preserved in society.
P. 435. A discerning Vladyka - we are talking about the Moscow Metropolitan Philaret Drozdov.
Sources:
- Leskov N. S. Stories and stories / Comp. and note. L. M. Krupchanova. - M .: Mosk. worker, 1981.- 463 p.
annotation: The book includes: "Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District", "The Enchanted Wanderer", "Lefty", "Stupid Artist" and other works by NS Leskov.
