Caring for autumn chrysanthemums in summer. Bush chrysanthemum garden perennial: planting and care, photo

Caring for chrysanthemums in autumn and preparing these plants for winter are often of interest to flower growers. After all, the chrysanthemum is deservedly considered the queen of autumn, and its luxurious flowering continues when other flowers have already withered.

Caring for chrysanthemums in autumn and preparing these plants for winter are often of interest to flower growers.

Growing chrysanthemums begins with the selection of a site for them. These plants love heat, so the site should be well lit by the sun. If the plants are in the shade, they will begin to stretch and the timing of their flowering may shift.

In addition, moisture should not stagnate in this place, so the flower garden should be made on a hill. Before planting flowers on the site, it is necessary to add organic matter - compost, peat or rotted manure.

Planting holes are made at a distance of 40-50 cm from each other, in addition, complex mineral fertilizer is placed in them. Also keep in mind that this plant loves moisture, so it needs to be watered regularly before the flowers appear. For irrigation, it is better to use rainwater. You can take tap water, but it must be defended.

At the beginning of development, chrysanthemums need nitrogen, and during the formation of buds - potassium and phosphorus. Top dressing should be done under the root, so as not to burn the leaves of plants.
Organics can also be used - bird droppings or rotted mullein, but the dosage must be observed so as not to burn the roots. Before making such top dressing, you must first moisten the soil around the chrysanthemums.

Growing chrysanthemums begins with the selection of a site for them

Propagation of flowers and care for them

There are several ways to propagate these flowers: cuttings, dividing the bush and dividing the root. Usually a transplant is done in the spring. If the wintering of chrysanthemums was in the ground, they are removed from the ground, divided and planted in another place.

Cuttings are done in February. Flowers are planted in a greenhouse and watered. When shoots appear, choose the strongest ones. They are cut and planted in the ground with humus, under the film. When the plants take root (in a month), they are transplanted into pots, and when the frosts pass, they are planted in a flower bed and watered well. Having landed, the cuttings need to be shaded, but so that the shelter does not touch them.

There are several ways to propagate these flowers: cuttings, dividing the bush and dividing the root.

Experienced gardeners recommend pinching 20 days after planting - remove the top of the stem, on which there are several nodules. This is done so that the planted bush acquires a spherical shape. If the chrysanthemum is spherical, growing this variety does not require pinching, since the spherical shape is genetically incorporated in it. The spherical chrysanthemum, as it grows, independently takes the form of a ball of flowers, where the leaves are almost invisible.

Gallery: chrysanthemums (25 photos + video)

Features of preparation for winter

Preparation of chrysanthemums for winter begins in August-September, depending on the region. During this period, the flowers must be fed with fertilizers containing phosphorus and calcium, this will help them overwinter.
Different varieties of chrysanthemums winter differently. There are 2 wintering options:

• plants are dug up and lowered into the basement;
• wintering outdoors.

Both wintering methods involve pruning bushes. When the autumn cold comes, the plants are cut at a level of 10-15 cm from the ground. Then carry out the hilling of chrysanthemums wintering in the open ground. It is necessary to hill up so that there are no holes around the bushes, as water will begin to collect in them, which will lead to wetting of the plants.

If in a given area frosts replace thaws, there is little snow, the flowers must be covered.
In order to preserve chrysanthemums in winter, one must take into account the weather conditions in the region and the characteristics of a particular variety. For example, you can leave multiflora chrysanthemums for wintering in flower beds only in the south.

Preparation of chrysanthemums for winter begins in August-September, depending on the region

Ways to hide flowers

Usually, a shelter is made like this: several bricks are laid around the bush, and boards or slate are placed on them. This design does not allow moisture to penetrate under the bushes and at the same time provides ventilation.

In severe frosts, flowers can be additionally covered from above with branches, dry leaves, spruce branches.
Any synthetic covering material is also suitable for shelter, but not heavy and dense, otherwise the chrysanthemums will rot and die in winter. If the plants are not protected from moisture, they should not be covered with sawdust, as this will cause the flowers to rot.

If the winters are cold, then after the first frosts, the flowers are removed from the ground with a clod of earth, placed in any container and hidden in the basement. During storage, the bushes should be inspected, as they can be affected by fungal diseases. Having found them, the plants are treated with fungicides.

In the absence of a basement, you can simply dig a trench 50 cm deep in the area and place the plants dug with the ground into it, and cover it with slate on top and pour a layer of earth 10 cm.

But this method is too laborious, and even in such vaults, flowers often germinate by the end of winter, forming shoots, which, due to lack of light, lengthen and grow weak.

Globular chrysanthemums

Now spherical chrysanthemums have become very popular. They are short (up to 30 cm), medium (up to 40 cm) and tall (up to 70 cm). Dwarf chrysanthemums can be grown in pots and decorate the house with them. Their low bushes resemble a ball densely dotted with flowers. The most popular varieties:

1. Knop. It blooms profusely, the bushes are undersized, only 30-35 cm, the flowers are yellow.
2. Ida. Bushes reach 60 cm, flowers are small, up to 3 cm in diameter. Plants begin to bloom in September.
3. Multiflora. The small flowers of this variety of chrysanthemums have a wide range of colors, flowering begins in September and continues until frost.

In autumn, when everything around fades, I really want to enjoy the flowers. And they give such an opportunity, planted with late-flowering plants. A bright accent of such a flower garden is a chrysanthemum. Despite the fact that garden chrysanthemums are very thermophilic, they bloom well in autumn. And they are not afraid of even small frosts. This explains the fact that many summer residents decide to start it and decide how to plant a chrysanthemum. It turns out that this is not difficult.

Chrysanthemums - planting and care in the open field

A place for it must be chosen such that it is well lit by the sun. At the same time, it must be reliably sheltered from the winds.

Caring for a chrysanthemum in the garden is sufficient fertilizer. After watering, it is good to feed it with infusion of mullein.

Phosphorus fertilizers make it possible to form large and strong leaves, as well as to prolong flowering as much as possible.

The care that chrysanthemum flowers require is to protect them from pests. If aphid has appeared, then it must be fought before the buds open. Because then it will not be possible to cope with this pest.

It is also possible that plants are damaged by spider mites and meadow bugs. In any case, you need to use special pesticides.

An important point in caring for chrysanthemums is their wintering. Preparation should begin just before the onset of frost. At this time, the perennial garden chrysanthemum is cut off. The land around the bush should be hilled and treated with a humanate. When frosts come, cover with spruce branches.

Chrysanthemum multiflora planting and care

This species is characterized by a spherical shape of the bush. The advantage of this plant is that it does not require special actions to form, this is inherent in its genetics. Chrysanthemum multiflora is characterized by abundant flowering. Moreover, the shades are represented by the entire spectrum of the rainbow.

If a pot with chrysanthemum multiflora was purchased at the end of the summer or in autumn, then it should be left for the winter in a cool room. At this time, you just need to make sure that the soil does not dry out.

From the cellar should be exposed to light at the end of April. At almost the same time, it can be planted in open ground. Planting of multiflora chrysanthemums is carried out in pits with fertilizer. The soil needs to be well drained. It is recommended to place a neighboring bush no closer than 60 cm.

In autumn, all branches are supposed to be cut. This will allow you to get more shoots in the spring.

Korean chrysanthemum

She is a hybrid. Moreover, different types of Korean chrysanthemums differ in the flowering period. They have different inflorescences with a diameter of up to 10 cm or more, as well as the height of the bush. Flowers can be reed and tubular. The coloring of the petals is very wide.

There are three groups of Korean chrysanthemums:

• undersized (up to 30 cm), which are characterized by early flowering, small roots and a dense bush, they are also called border;
• medium height (up to 50 cm);
• tall (up to 1 m), they have a large bush and small flowers, chrysanthemums are characterized by late flowering.

Like other varieties, these chrysanthemums are perennial, planting and caring for which is no different from others. The sun, warmth and loose soil are the key to their successful flowering.

Bush chrysanthemums planting and care with shaping

These plants are characterized by a high growth rate. In one season, the stalk is able to develop into a full-fledged bush. And in order for it to have the correct and beautiful shape, it is necessary to carry out the formation.

Pinching the tops of the shoots should be done from the beginning of June. This process ends a month before flowering.

Plus, it is necessary in the first year in a new place to regularly loosen the soil around the bush. This will encourage the development of strong roots. From them, in turn, underground shoots will begin to grow. They will form a denser bush.

How to plant chrysanthemums?

For starters, leave it for the spring. That is when she will have enough time for full rooting. So she will be able to adapt well to wintering.

If the planting material is purchased in the form of rooted cuttings, then before transplanting the chrysanthemum, you need to wait for the onset of heat. Namely, the end of May - the beginning of June. The entire clod of earth from the pot must be carefully removed and planted in the prepared hole.

Chrysanthemums will take root better in a new place if, after planting, they are watered with a drug that promotes root formation.

If the pots with the plant were stored in the cellar, then before planting they need to be put outside for a week.

Chrysanthemum planting and care in the fall

It is better to take the cuttings acquired at this time of the year to a cool room. If winters are characterized by severe frosts, then a necessary condition for how to grow a healthy and beautiful chrysanthemum is to dig it up and plant it in a capacious pot.

You need to transplant with the onset of the first frost. A bush from the ground must be taken with a large clod of soil. It should be noted that the roots of the plant extend deep into the soil.

A pot of chrysanthemum should be moved to a cool room and, when the leaves begin to wither, prune. Leave about 15 cm above the ground.

Chrysanthemums were first grown in China, and it was almost two thousand years ago. This miracle came to Europe much later, and began to spread rapidly to decorate gardens relatively recently - somewhere in the eighteenth century. Later, the plant will receive the popular name "Autumn Asters", all because chrysanthemums of the genus "Dendranthema grandiflorum" bloom in autumn and are very resistant to frost.

Chrysanthemums really amaze with their colors. This is a unique plant that is distinguished by the saturation of flowers, which, with belated flowering, adorn the garden almost until the first snow falls.

The peculiarities of our Siberian climate, of course, incline gardeners to grow autumn varieties of chrysanthemums, because such flowers are less capricious and more resistant to environmental changes, but they also need to be looked after. Moreover, it is safe to say that improper or non-periodic care of chrysanthemums will inconspicuously lead to the death of such a beautiful plant.

Planting and propagation of chrysanthemums

To get large bushes with abundant inflorescences, you need to choose an elevated and sunny place for planting. I know from experience that if a plant lacks light, then it stretches, weakens, and buds do not appear for a long time. The soil should be loose, well-drained so that water penetrates well. But golden flowers do not like the arrival of groundwater. I noticed that the richer in nutrients the soil, the larger the flowers.

Therefore, before planting the cuttings in the soil, we add peat, compost, and rotted manure to it. Then we make trenches, it is desirable to put drainage on the bottom, expanded clay is suitable. We place cuttings there, depending on the variety, the distance between them is from 35 to 50 cm. In order to better form the root system, we spill the plantings with Kornevin's solution.

Planted cuttings are best protected first with a covering material. We propagate the chrysanthemums we like by the usual division of the bush in the spring, when all the frosts have passed. We immediately plant the divided young growth in a new place and water it. Some carry out reproduction and cuttings. Then in the spring it is necessary to cut off the green shoots (about 10 cm or a little more), process the bottom with Kornevin and place it in the ground, covering it with newspapers (they retain moisture well). Periodically it is necessary to water the "kids".

Autumn pruning of chrysanthemums

Not all flower growers believe that chrysanthemums need to be cut before wintering. Many consider it superfluous, but some still practice. The meaning of pruning is that shortened stems require fewer resources for their life. It turns out that, in this way, the roots of the plant, as it were, retain their strength, and therefore successfully winter. But this is not always the case. Pruning is no guarantee that chrysanthemums will survive until spring.

Another advantage of pruning is that shortened branches are easier to cover for the winter. They do not need to be bent and somehow arranged.

Shelter of chrysanthemums for the winter

For wintering in the open field, you can leave chrysanthemums with small flowers, Korean chrysanthemums, as well as chrysanthemums of domestic selection. They should be piled up with earth as high as possible. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that there are no pits around the plant where water can accumulate. This leads to wetting of plants and their subsequent death.
Further steps depend on the climatic features of the region. In the presence of a large amount of snow, the chrysanthemum will be quite comfortable without a specially created shelter. But if frequent thaws are likely in winter, followed by frosts, it is necessary to secure the plant. How to cover chrysanthemums for the winter at minimal cost? To do this, you can use straw, fallen leaves, spruce branches, and to build a makeshift “house” - bricks, pieces of slate or cardboard.

Watering chrysanthemums in autumn

For irrigation, only settled in a barrel is used, preferably rainwater. Chrysanthemums love moisture, so watering should be plentiful. It is better to use a garden watering can without a sieve, since water drops on the foliage will negatively affect the decorativeness of the bush. If the soil is not mulched, then once a week it is recommended to weed the weeds and gently loosen the topsoil.

Top dressing and spraying chrysanthemums in autumn

When the chrysanthemums have faded, you can fertilize the plants with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. This will restore the strength of the flower and strengthen it before the onset of cold weather. In the process of preparing chrysanthemums for winter, it is important not to skip the stage when you can still fertilize the plant. The deadline for doing this is mid or late September. By that time, the plant should be pruned, and in October it will be time to cover it, then top dressing will not be relevant.

As for spraying, it must also be done no later than the beginning of September, or it can be done immediately after flowering. In this case, you need to carefully examine all the branches of the flower, remove the sick, and then use pesticides and spray chrysanthemums. This should be done in dry, warm weather, in a couple of days the preparations will be completely absorbed into the leaves and stems of the plant. After that, it will be possible to continue further preparation of the chrysanthemum for winter.

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Diseases and pests of chrysanthemums

Of insects, nematodes most often harm chrysanthemums, whose presence can be detected by the appearance of mosaic spots on the leaves, which darken over time. It is already useless to fight the given, but as a preventive measure, before autumn digging or planting (transplanting) chrysanthemums, spray the plants with a solution of phosphamide, and treat the soil with formalin. Specimens affected by the nematode must be destroyed.

Another pest of chrysanthemums is the aphid, which settles on the lower part of the leaf or bud. The insects themselves, like their larvae, suck the juice out of the plant, which slows down the growth and flowering of the chrysanthemum. If you are dealing with a single aphid colony, then it is destroyed along with the leaves on which it has settled, but if the plant is covered with aphids, spray it with Aktellik or Aktara with the addition of laundry soap.

The danger for chrysanthemums is garden slugs and snails that can devour the leaves, flowers and stems of plants. But when dealing with them, you need to use an organic approach, that is, use gentle methods of control so as not to disturb the garden ecosystem, in which snails and slugs perform an important sanitary function. Therefore, in horticulture, preventive measures to combat them are welcome: the correct selection and combination of plants, natural control of the number of pests by attracting birds, and so on. If trouble happened and the slugs began to devour your chrysanthemums, collect them manually, dig plastic rims around the bushes that prevent the slugs from getting close to the bushes, sprinkle the ground around the bushes with crushed eggshells, which will prevent the snails from approaching the plants ... In the end, arrange in a flower garden bowls of beer and after a while gather around them your "harvest" of slugs.

Chrysanthemums bloom in the flowerbeds in autumn. For gardeners, they have long been favorites. It is very important for chrysanthemums to care in the fall and prepare for winter. Despite the arrival of the first cold weather, they delight the eye with their beauty and surprise with the variety of varieties.

In order for the flowering to be lush and last as long as possible, it is necessary to provide the chrysanthemums with proper care in the fall. It includes the following steps:

• watering and loosening the soil, weed control;
• plant nutrition;
• sanitary cleaning (sanation) of bushes;
• prevention and treatment of diseases;
• pest protection;
• pruning and sheltering bushes for the winter.

Watering and fertilizing the soil for abundant flowering

All plants need watering. It is necessary to ensure that the soil always remains moist. Insufficient watering will lead to the drying of the buds, and excess moisture will lead to rotting of the roots. Violation of the water regime not only worsens the appearance of plants, but can also lead to their death. After watering, the soil is loosened. This procedure prevents excessive evaporation of moisture, enriches the soil with oxygen. At the same time shoots of weeds are destroyed.

Chrysanthemums are fertilized from August to September. Plants must assimilate nutrients before the onset of cold weather. In order not to damage the root system, fertilizers are applied 2-3 hours after watering or rain. The soil must be moist.

In autumn, chrysanthemums are fed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers. They contribute to abundant flowering, increase the plant's resistance to adverse environmental conditions. After all, wintering in the open field is stressful for plants.

The favorite of many gardeners has become a spherical chrysanthemum, or multiflora. Dwarf (about 60 cm) bush can grow both in open ground and in flower pots. Chrysanthemum spherical - decoration of any garden. It begins to bloom earlier than others: in early August. Her bushes look like balls that cover bright flowers. They can be white, red, burgundy, yellow or orange.

For chrysanthemum spherical, cultivation and care is the same as for other flowers. But there are some features:

• does not need pruning of the bush, since its shape is genetically determined;
• in order for the crown to be lush, the plant needs good lighting;
• watering should be moderate;
• during the growing season, the spherical chrysanthemum is fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and during the budding period - with phosphorus-potassium fertilizers;
• after flowering, the aerial part is cut off, leaving the stems 10 cm high.

Wintering of chrysanthemums in the middle lane (video)

How to protect plants from diseases and pests?

Sanitation of bushes is the removal of dry, rotten or diseased stems. This procedure will improve the appearance of the plant and prevent the spread of infection. Chrysanthemum can be affected by such fungal diseases: gray rot, powdery mildew, rust, septoria. Of the viral infections, chrysanthemum is most often affected by speckled mosaic. Sick plants are immediately dug up and destroyed.

Chrysanthemum affected by infectious diseases and pests is sprayed with special preparations. Processing is carried out in warm calm weather. In the fight against fungal infection, the following agents are used: Bordeaux liquid, colloidal sulfur, copper-soap emulsion. Not only infected plants are treated, but also healthy bushes.

To prevent the spread of infectious diseases, it is necessary to observe the following preventive measures:

• plant plants at such a distance from each other to provide the bushes with full lighting and air circulation;
• processing garden tools with a disinfectant, for example, a solution of potassium permanganate;
• timely identification of the affected plant and the adoption of appropriate measures.

Sometimes pests settle on chrysanthemums: aphids, nematodes, meadow bugs. Such plants must be treated with Aktellik or Aktara. Spraying with a solution of laundry soap will help get rid of insects. Bushes affected by nematodes are destroyed. And the rest of the plants are treated with Phosphamide.

How to cover and save in winter (video)

Trimming and trimming bushes

Preparation of chrysanthemums for winter begins with cutting and hilling the bushes. Pruning helps to reduce the nutrient intake of plants, thereby increasing their frost resistance. Pruning is carried out after the plants have faded. The branches are cut with secateurs at a height of 10-15 cm from the ground. Cropped bushes are easier to cover from frost. Therefore, it will be easier to ensure the preservation of chrysanthemums in the open field.

Among the varieties of chrysanthemums wintering in the open field, Korean chrysanthemums and hybrids of Russian breeding are distinguished by high frost resistance: Malchish-Kibalchish, Evening Lights, Red Moscow, Everest, Yunost, Lilac fog, Chamomile.

To keep their favorite flowers until spring, gardeners insulate bushes for the winter. Hilled plants are covered with a layer of sawdust, straw or dry leaves 35-40 cm thick. It should not contain insects. Such a shelter will protect the roots from freezing.

You can build a shelter using improvised means: old boxes, boards, bricks and slates. They serve as a frame, which is covered with a breathable material and fixed. Do not use polyethylene film as a cover. The greenhouse effect that occurs under it causes root rot.

Wintering chrysanthemums under a special shelter will help keep the plants until spring. Structures can be sprinkled with snow on top, resulting in additional protection from severe frosts. This will help the plants to overwinter in harsh cold weather. With the advent of the first heat, I remove the shelter, clean the bushes from straw and sawdust.

Most varieties of chrysanthemums winter in open ground. But what about varieties of chrysanthemums that cannot winter under cover? How to save plants until spring? Large-flowered chrysanthemums, foreign hybrids, as well as those grown in greenhouses are dug up and sent for wintering to the basement.

It is necessary to provide chrysanthemum multiflora wintering indoors, as it does not tolerate frost. With the onset of cold weather, spherical bushes are dug up and transplanted into wide flowerpots. Further planting and care will take place indoors at room temperature. Low-growing bushes do not take up much space.

The land for planting a flower is chosen loose. You can add some sand and peat to it. As a drainage, small pebbles, perlite or polystyrene are placed at the bottom of the pot. A bush planted in a flower pot needs good lighting and watering. As soon as the spherical chrysanthemums fade, they need to be cut and put in a dark, cool place. For this, a non-freezing basement is suitable.

Some gardeners organize chrysanthemum wintering in the cellar. At the first frost, the plants are dug up with a clod of earth and lowered into the cellar. Store chrysanthemum in winter in wooden boxes. The room temperature should be within +2…+5°С. Make sure the ground is always moist. Plants are regularly inspected. Such storage provides chrysanthemums with protection from the cold in winter. In the spring, the bush is divided into cuttings and planted in the garden or in flower pots.

It is during this period that they require special attention. The main task is to provide the plants with proper care and preserve them in winter. With the advent of the first cold weather, preparation for winter begins for chrysanthemums. In order for the "Queen of Autumn" to please every year with an extravaganza of colors and shapes, it is necessary to follow the advice of experienced gardeners.

The queen of autumn... this is how they call the mysterious and a little sad chrysanthemum. When most of the summer plants have faded, the chrysanthemum becomes the full owner of flower beds, flower beds, container plantings. An unpretentious and surprisingly frost-resistant plant is distributed almost everywhere, although China is considered the birthplace of this amazing flower. It was in this country that this amazing flower was discovered 2000 years ago! Much later, the delightful chrysanthemum came to the countries of Europe, where it successfully took root. There she successfully decorates garden plantings since the 18th century. Subsequently, the people began to call the exquisite frost-resistant flower "Autumn Asters".

In Russia, they also like to grow amazing chrysanthemums. Today, autumn flowers can be found both in the garden and in the botanical garden. A late-flowering plant is loved and planted with pleasure in open ground twice a year: in spring or autumn.

Planting plants in preparation for the fall frost can be dangerous. However, the chrysanthemum is beautiful, and most importantly: it takes root very quickly, so in the autumn period it is quite possible to plant the plant in open ground.

Autumn care for chrysanthemums

Landing

When planting chrysanthemums in open ground in autumn, the main thing is to meet the deadlines. Too early planting can cause active growth of chrysanthemum. Thus, the plant will begin to delight the gardener with its wonderful flowering during the first frost, which will lead to the death of the "Queen of Autumn". If the "Queen of Autumn" is planted too late, then she will not have time to take root and gain enough nutrients to adequately survive the cold.

The best time to plant chrysanthemums is the last days of September or the first of October. If the gardener decided to plant the plant in the fall, it is necessary to ensure that basal shoots are formed on the bushes. It is believed that in this case it will be easier for the plant to take root, and it will survive the cold without any problems.

Some gardeners go for a little trick. They buy planting material in the fall, wait for the flowering period to pass, and then place the plants in a cold visit (for example, a basement) at a temperature of at least +5 degrees Celsius. In the spring, after a stable positive temperature is established and the frosts finally recede, the chrysanthemum can be safely planted in open ground.

top dressing

Before proceeding with pruning and sheltering flowers, the chrysanthemum should be fertilized. For this purpose, potassium-phosphorus supplements are perfect. They will help the flower survive the cold without problems. Nitrogenous fertilizers should not be used, from them chrysanthemums can grow and die when frost occurs.

pruning

Preparing the bushes for the onset of cold weather can be done immediately after fertilizing. This should be done only after the chrysanthemums have completely faded. Bushes should be pruned. As a general rule, bushes should be cut about a quarter from the ground surface.

Summer residents use secateurs to trim chrysanthemums. But even here there is one “but”: garden tools should be carefully processed before use. Secateurs can be wiped with alcohol or soaked for half an hour in potassium permanganate. If the summer resident has to cut not one, but several bushes, then the tool should be wiped after each trimming. Thus, the gardener will be able to protect plantings from infection, fungal diseases, or the transfer of pests from bush to bush. Cut chrysanthemums will perfectly decorate the room and bring a feeling of comfort and warmth to the house!

Watering and shelter

Cut, fertilized chrysanthemum bushes should be watered. Many gardeners prefer to carry out water-charging watering before the onset of cold weather. For each bush you need to spend at least half a bucket of water.

Chrysanthemum bushes are covered after all the preparatory procedures for wintering have been completed. As a shelter, you can use dry leaves, hay, sawdust, spruce branches. It is preferable to choose natural materials that can breathe. Under artificial shelter (plastic wrap or roofing felt), the root system of the plant will rot and die as a result.