Build a fence with your own. What to make a fence of cheap and beautiful: materials, prices, photos

Each owner of a land plot, even a very small one, strives to designate the boundaries of his ownership. In most cases, the owners erect fences that will hide the territory from prying eyes, intrusions from the street by strangers. And most often such a fence is a fence.

To build a high-quality and aesthetic fence, you do not need to immediately contact a specialist. With your own hands, you can create a unique design that will become your pride. To do this, you should find a good consultant, which is our site, and clearly follow his step-by-step instructions. According to our recommendations, you will independently build a wooden fence, from which you are now just a few steps away.

A serious step - the choice of material

A large selection of materials for building a fence sometimes puts the owners in a difficult position - which is better to choose? The choice depends on how you want to see the fence. Therefore, it is necessary to have at least a little information about each of the modern materials.

Brick fences are solid durable buildings. This traditional building material is used to build a solid capital structure that will stand for more than one decade.

Fences made of lightweight, durable and beautiful corrugated board, which is universal for the construction of this structure. The result is an easy-to-install, lightweight and aesthetic barrier.

The protective structures made of wood. Until recently, this is the most common type of building material, which is gradually, although undeservedly, replaced by modern ones.

Quite often in the construction of facade and internal fences they use netting... But this type of construction, unfortunately, will put your entire site on public street view.

Modern construction of fences involves the combined inclusion of different materials in the structure, using masonry and brickwork. Companies specializing in the construction of fence structures, in their price lists, offer a variety of options for combined fences.

How to start construction correctly

Whatever material you choose for your fence, the beginning of construction always requires a certain order. The first is laying the foundation for the future fencing - the foundation. This step is preceded by the determination of the corners and precise marking along the entire perimeter, taking into account the boundaries of the site.

If you decide to install a temporary fence, and in the future build a capital one, then it is not necessary to mount a strip foundation, which will then need to be destroyed. It will be enough to install and concrete free-standing pillars, which will become the base of the fence.

To determine the boundaries of the frame of your fence, you need to dig holes in the corners, into which the supporting pillars will be installed and concreted.

What you need to know about racks

When choosing or making your own racks, you should also take into account some points.

The strongest and most stable are metal racks. They are able to maintain the structure for a long time without repairs.

As practice has shown, wooden supports are less durable. Part of the pillar that is in the ground requires separate processing. Therefore, it is most practical to install wooden posts when building a temporary fence.

Bases made of pipes of various diameters or square metal profiles are extremely practical and durable.

For self-construction of a fence structure, you will need a welding machine, with which you can assemble the supporting part of the structure and install fasteners for the spans. The video provides instructions for the correct installation and concreting of the support pillars.

And now - we will mount the frame on which the fence will be installed

When the first stage of work on installing the supporting part of the structure is completed, it is necessary to mount the fasteners to which the spans will be attached. Here, too, there are several options for welding fasteners.

When installing wooden beams as guides, they are fixed on the "ears" welded to the support.

When a metal corner is used, it is also welded to the post by attaching wooden blocks to it.

The profile tube guide ensures maximum strength and rigidity of the entire structure. The spans are easily mounted on the base using self-tapping screws.

Helpful information! When assembling a metal fence, you must first calculate its cost, since the structure can be more expensive than you would like.

The pinnacle of your creation

Once the framework of your structure is ready, the most important but enjoyable step remains - installing the spans. Our recommendations are focused on corrugated board, although solutions can be very different - slate, wood, mesh.

To make the fence even, you must first pull a strong thread along the upper edge, along which the sheet will be installed. You can use a laser level or level to set the horizontal direction.

With proper preparation and assembly, even a layman should not have difficulties with installation, connection and the appearance of the structure.

Be proud - you are a jack of all trades!

We very much hope that you consistently followed all our recommendations and with your own hands built a unique fence and rejoice at the fruits of your labor.

In this article, we will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of certain types of fences, and about building a fence with your own hands.

So, you are the happy owner of a new land plot! The work is endless, but it is a very enjoyable job. Where do you start? From the construction of the fence, of course! If you have a sufficient amount of funds, it is better to hire specialists (although it is not a fact that they will do it efficiently and “for centuries”). But if the budget is tight, and you are full of energy and enthusiasm, then you can easily build a fence yourself. The process is quite laborious, but quite feasible - you are not building the Great Wall of China, after all)) In this article I will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of certain types of fences, and about building a fence with your own hands.

What kind of fence to build?

So, after consulting with your wife (and most importantly - with your mother-in-law), you are finally "ripe" for construction. Now you need to decide - what kind of fence do you need? If you want to completely "hide" from the outside world in your suburban oasis, then build a fence made of brick, corrugated board, concrete slabs or high boards. If you just need to protect your property, consider the options for creating a picket fence, a metal lattice, a fence based on a chain-link mesh, a low fence made of boards, or even make a beautiful green fence with a fence.

And do not forget, in addition to its main purpose - to fence the territory and protect it from outside intrusion, the fence should also fulfill an aesthetic function. Therefore, pay attention to its appearance. Before I talk about building a summer cottage fence with my own hands, let's make a quick comparison of the most common types of fences.

Wooden fence

Advantages:

material availability;
low cost.

You can buy edged boards inexpensively and process them yourself (plan, grind, treat with an anti-rotting agent and paint). Or you can buy a ready-made wooden fence in a store (an edged board, by the way, will cost 3 times cheaper than a finished product). It's up to you to choose.

Flaws:

short-lived;
requires regular maintenance: repair, touch-up, and so on.

Brick fence

Advantages:

very durable (will serve you faithfully for more than 50 years), the most durable of all types of fence;
does not require special care;
looks solid and respectable.

Flaws:

very high material cost;
you will need a solid foundation, which is very expensive to build.

Fence made of corrugated board

Advantages:

availability and variety of material: different wave sizes, different colors, coating and other parameters;
ease of installation (does not require a special foundation);
low price;
practical;
durable: will last you about 30 years.

Flaws:

very unattractive appearance (especially from the inside).

Therefore, quite often, when building fences with their own hands, they combine corrugated board with brick.
It turns out durable and aesthetically pleasing.

Fence made of concrete slabs

Advantages:

excellent material strength: a concrete fence is 5-6 times stronger than a brick fence and can last for more than 100 years;
undemanding care;
an impressive variety of decorative concrete slabs for fences - you can choose any model you like.

Flaws:

it will not be possible to build with your own hands from start to finish, because for the installation of such a fence you will have to involve special equipment and workers.

Metal mesh fence

Advantages:

reliability: modern metal mesh for fences consists of galvanized iron rods with PVC coating;
sufficient durability (service life up to 30 years);
does not create shade in the garden.

Flaws:

does not close your site from the immodest glances of passers-by))

We build a fence in the country with our own hands

And now I present to you two methods of building a fence with your own hands, the most popular among summer residents and not requiring serious financial investments.

Wooden fence:
A detailed DIY workshop on building a wooden fence with your own hands is presented here, so now I will only very briefly recall the main points.

We decide on the boundaries of the site.
We drill holes for bearing pillars with a depth of 0.7-1.0 m at a distance of 2 or 2.5 m from each other.
We insert pillars into the pits, using a level (or plumb line), we check that they stand strictly vertically.
We strengthen (you can concrete or cement).
On the pillars from above and below, we nail or fasten a timber with a section of 50 x 50 mm or more with self-tapping screws.
We install the crossbars.
We attach edged boards to the finished structure (you can take boards with a section of 85 x 145 mm) at a distance of 1.5-2 cm from each other.
Let's start painting.

Very important! Before starting the construction of such a fence, all wooden parts should be primed 2-3 times or covered with another anti-decay agent.

Fence made of corrugated board:
So, you bought the metal sheets you like in the store and are ready to build a fence from corrugated board with your own hands. Start with a trivial plot marking, and then follow the instructions:

Drill holes in the ground with a depth of 1-1.2 m along the perimeter of the site.
Fill each hole with a layer of rubble or gravel 20-25 cm thick.
Install metal posts with a cross section of at least 50 x 50 mm in the pits and adjust them strictly vertically.
Reinforce the posts with concrete or mortar.
Weld transverse logs (2-3 pcs) from a profiled metal pipe to the posts at an equal distance from each other.
On the resulting base, fix the sheets of corrugated board (usually they are attached to self-tapping screws).

It is worth noting here that it is undesirable to fasten the sheets of corrugated board to self-tapping screws, because cunning intruders can easily twist such fasteners in your absence and steal the sheets of corrugated board. Alas, such cases are not uncommon. Therefore, it is better to use special rivets for metal, which no thief can unscrew.

Several important nuances:

The quality and durability of any fence depends on the supports - the pillars on which it rests. Therefore, experts advise using strong metal supports even for wooden fences - this way the fences will last much longer.

Think about where and how you will mount the gates, what they will be: sectional, swing, folding or others. And then you can use the classic solution for any type of fence: the rectangle for the gate, welded from a shaped metal pipe, should be a little smaller than the niche in the fence for arranging the gate. The size of the gate is determined by yourself. You can sheathe the profile with the material from which you make the fence: boards, corrugated board, and so on. Or you can experiment))

You need to take care of the double-sided handles on the gate and the latch (if you need it). The gate is attached to the supporting frame with sturdy metal canopies. If you put a patch lock, then on the gate you need to fix metal hinges for it. And if you decide to make a mortise lock, then on one of the support pillars (from the side of the lock) and on the gate door, make holes for the lock itself and for its tongue. published

P.S. And remember, just by changing your consumption - together we are changing the world! © econet

The question of how to make a fence in a garden area worries both summer residents and owners of private cottages to the same extent. In addition to the functions of dividing plots or protecting against the penetration of strangers into the territory of the household, the fence also serves an aesthetic purpose. The creative ideas of home craftsmen sometimes lead to the creation of real masterpieces from the materials available. But both the elite and the simplest in design, the fence is erected according to the same principles. Therefore, it is useful to know how to properly put a fence on the site.

How to choose the right material?

Among the materials offered on the construction markets, there are a wide variety of products that are perfectly suitable for the installation of fences. Among them are the following:

lumber (boards, slab, picket fence) are considered the most affordable and convenient, since almost everyone can process it without the use of special equipment and with a minimum set of tools;
corrugated board, metal picket fence, forged sections or polycarbonate during installation require the preliminary installation of metal supports, which means that work with materials that are difficult to process;
the chain-link mesh is convenient in itself, but the installation of supports implies the same manipulations as in the previous case;
various materials at hand leave room for imagination, but require non-standard solutions during installation;
brick, concrete goods and stone need to be connected with cement mortar or mesh.

In the latter case, the structure will turn out to be quite heavy, so it is imperative to put a foundation under it. The device of this structural element requires excavation and concrete work, which greatly complicates the process of erecting a fence. Such massive structures are usually made for a country house in which they live permanently. They are part of the overall design and are often created from materials that are in harmony with the facade finish.

Combined designs look very nice.

They include fence elements made from different materials. The most common options for combining brick or stone pillars with metal or lumber.

In each individual case, the landlord decides how to choose a fence for a cottage, focusing solely on his own needs. Not the least role in the choice is played by the cost of parts and the entire structure as a whole.

Do I need permission to build a fence?

Construction rules and norms regulate many aspects of the construction of fences: the distance to water bodies and trees, to buildings for other purposes, to highways, etc. building rules. Most often, a permit is applied for if you want to install a fence with a height of more than 2 m. The architect of the city must also permit construction on the corner section, since an incorrectly installed fence can obstruct the view at the intersection of streets.

The manufacture of fences between sites is also regulated. So that neighboring beds and green spaces do not suffer from a lack of sun, building codes stipulate that the maximum height of the fence should not exceed 1.5 m.For the same purpose, there is another rule: it must be as transparent as possible. This quality of the fence depends both on which material to choose and on the design of the structure itself. For the fence dividing 2 adjacent sections, it is recommended to choose different grids, picket fence, openwork sections made of concrete or metal. In any case, the gap between opaque elements must be at least the width of the part itself.

A blank fence can be erected only from the side of the street, but with an agreement with the neighbors, it is possible to build it between the estates.

In this case, it is better to draw up a written contract before making a fence in the country.

To avoid a dispute between neighbors on land surveying, before making hedges, you need to contact the BTI. After accurate measurements of the boundaries of the site, you need to make markings on the ground. This part is mandatory in preparation for the main stages of construction.

Preparatory work

Before you build a fence in the country, you should familiarize yourself with the options for its design. An illustration in a book, shots from your favorite films, and your own imagination or a beautiful fence near some cottage are suitable for inspiration. Projects of fences for country houses are also available in the architectural bureau: when applying for a permit, you can simultaneously solve the issue of choosing the appearance of the fence for the country house. Having considered the sketches of fences or creating them yourself, you can draw up a plan of the site and determine its length and width.

Based on these data, it is easy to calculate how much material is required for the posts and the fence fabric. The fence scheme should be drawn to scale for the calculation to be as accurate as possible. In some cases, it will be necessary to take into account how high the fence should be. When purchasing concrete products, boards and sheet materials, one has to reckon with the standard dimensions of individual elements.

After the plan is drawn up, you can make markings on the ground. This requires pegs (poles) and a thin cord. If the border along which fences and fences for the house are being erected is a straight line, then it will be enough to drive in stakes at the corners of the site. With curvilinear outlines of private households, landmarks will have to be placed on relatively straight parts of the border. A cord is pulled tightly between the stakes, along which the entire row of support posts for the fence will subsequently be aligned.

Using a tape measure, you need to find and mark the place of each support and the location of the entrance group.

Typically, the spacing of the posts is 2 m, but this is an optional number. The sections can be made smaller, but it is not recommended to install long spans: the mesh may sag, and blind fences will have too much windage with a minimum of fastenings. When choosing accessories for a fence with fixed dimensions, you need to determine the step depending on the length of the material. A peg must be driven in at the location of each pillar, since the mark on the ground can be washed away by rain or accidentally wiped off during the movement of people and animals.

What do you need for construction?

Do-it-yourself fence construction should be started by purchasing some materials and tools that you may need in your work. In order not to be mistaken with the choice, you need to know what the fence consists of, and on the basis of this decide what you can build it from. The main details of any design are supporting elements (pillars), veins or slopes (horizontal fasteners) and a fence fabric (a plane made of some material).

Having decided what to make a fence from, and having determined the amount of necessary materials, the home craftsman goes to the store and buys the following tools and accessories for the fence:

shovel;
plumb line and level;
roulette;
a saw for wood or a grinder (for a metal fence);
hammer and nails or screws and screwdriver;
pillars for support (a 10x10 cm bar or a steel pipe with a diameter of 10 cm);
cement, sand and crushed stone;
corner or thin pipe for metal veins;
bar 5x5 cm for wooden parts;
materials for the fence fabric - at your own choice.

When building a fence made of polycarbonate, corrugated board or chain-link, you will definitely need a welding machine to attach the veins to the posts. But this service can be ordered in a trade organization, providing the dimensions and a sketch, or call the master at home, because not everyone knows how to make welded seams correctly.

When building a summer cottage fence with your own hands from unconventional materials, you will have to think over the method of attaching the canvas to the supports yourself. If a heavy stone structure is planned, then bricks or natural material will be required.

For gabion structures, you will have to purchase a special mesh.

Fencing mounting technology

Lightweight fences and barriers for the home are built according to the same principles. Regardless of what material is chosen for fencing the site, the construction of fences is carried out according to the following scheme:

After the markings have been made and the place of each pillar is indicated, you need to dig holes for the supports. Since deep pits have to be expanded when working with a shovel and the post can be displaced during installation, the mark can be transferred to the cord, marking the center of the support with colored tape or thread. After that, the pole must be pulled out and a hole at least 50 cm deep must be dug. It is desirable that its bottom be below the freezing point of the soil.
Backing up the crushed stone into the pit with a layer of 15–20 cm. Tamp the material.
Place a post in the pit, aligning it with the mark and vertical. In order for it to maintain its position, you need to spread it with large stones or wooden wedges. If the work is carried out with an assistant, then he can hold the support in the desired position. Fill the pit with crushed stone mixed with sand and dry cement (4: 3: 1, respectively) to the top, ramming during backfill. Check the verticality of the column again and lightly pour the cement-crushed stone mixture with water (the amount of liquid is about 1/10 of the volume of the mixture).
Install the rest of the pillars in the same way. It will be possible to continue working in 24–48 hours.
When the footing is in place, you can begin attaching the veins. It is advisable to calculate the places of their installation so that the ends of the boards or the edges of the sheet material are no more than 30–40 cm above and below them. If the canvas is selected partially transparent (picket fence, polycarbonate, mesh), the same distance from the upper and lower edges of the canvas to the veins will look beautiful. Check the horizontal level of each slit with a level.
After installing the horizontal structural elements, you can begin to fasten the fence curtain. Individual parts (board, picket fence) are installed individually, fastening is done with nails or screws. Before making a fence with your own hands, it is advisable to pull the cord to align the piece elements in height. It is easier to check the horizontalness of the profiled sheet or polycarbonate with a level.
To construct a wicket made of wood, the bars must be placed parallel to each other and stuffed with pickets, making sure that the parts do not move. Flip inside out and measure out the bar for making a diagonal stiffener. Cut off its ends at an angle, lay it between the horizontal bars and attach with nails or self-tapping screws to each vertical bar at the intersection. For a wicket or gate made of sheet material, it is necessary to weld a metal frame on which a profiled sheet, mesh or polycarbonate cut to the size of the product should be fixed.

According to such rules, you can build a budget fence at a summer cottage from relatively cheap materials. You can add and decorate it with decorative posts made of brick or stone. To do this, after installing the vertical supports and attaching the veins, the steel pipes are lined with building material, connecting the masonry elements with cement mortar (1 part of cement and 3 parts of sand). In the presence of a large number of bricks, you can also lay out a decorative plinth under the sections.

Thanks to this design, a fence placed near the house with your own hands looks much more solid than an ordinary fence made of a metal profile or a chain-link on a frame. Brickwork can be combined with wood, but the supports still need to be made of steel, welded on them short sections of the corner, to which, after the construction of brick pillars, sections can be attached.

A homemade fence made of openwork bent or forged sections will turn out to be especially stylish and elegant. This is not the cheapest option, but the owner has the right to decide for himself which fence is in harmony with his house. Ready-made sections can be bought or ordered according to your own sketches from a construction company or a blacksmith's workshop.

Their installation is done by welding.

An original fence for a summer residence with your own hands can be built from waste material. Many people collect empty plastic bottles in order to make a variety of items out of them. Country fences were no exception: by connecting empty containers with wire or cement, people make reliable fences for a plot in a horticultural cooperative.

For the manufacture of 1 element of the fence, you can cut off the bottoms of bottles of the same size. After that, the parts are strung on a fishing line or wire, passing it through the cover. The bottles are pushed into one another through the cut-off bottoms until they stop. The line is fixed.

Having made many of these "shtaketin", they should be strung on a thick steel wire tied to the posts. Aligning the piece elements in height, the wire is passed through the side surfaces of the bottles at the top and bottom. If the plastic picket fence is very high, you can make 3-4 horizontal rows of wire to make the fence stronger.

Plastic fences for a private house can be done differently. This will require a concrete mix of sand and cement. Having filled the foundation and a low base (about 20 cm), PET bottles are placed horizontally in the formwork, placing their bottoms in the same vertical plane. After that, a row of empty containers is poured with a solution and the procedure is repeated until the desired height is reached.

Decorative wooden fences

If the plot in a private house is decorated in a rustic style, then a wattle or a fence made of poles will be an excellent addition to the garden design. The first option involves the creation of a fence of vertical posts intertwined with flexible material. When clearing a new site or neighborhood of American maple, willow, or other shrubs with long, straight twigs, you can simultaneously get rid of debris and create a beautiful fence.

Many people know how to properly install a decorative wattle fence: this is the most common type of fences in Russian villages. Even the availability of modern materials has not diminished the popularity of durable and cheap fences. To make a wattle fence, a row of thick stakes is driven into the ground. The step between them is small, only 50-60 cm. After all the stakes are installed along the marking line, they are intertwined with horizontally arranged flexible rods.

A fence made of poles has a rather symbolic meaning, marking the border of the site.

Several horizontal crossbars are tied or nailed to the dug-in pillars. The distance between them is quite large (up to 50 cm), so such a fence will not save you from unauthorized entry. It can be used as a fence between sectors.

Gabion fences

There is another way, how to put a fence without wasting time and money, using junk raw materials. To create a gabion, a rigid galvanized welded mesh is used. The most important thing is to choose a cell size so that the content does not fall out.

To install the structure, you need to dig in steel pillars, as for a conventional fence.

The grid is positioned in such a way that the columns are between 2 of its layers. The space inside can be filled with cobblestone or stone fragments, broken glass, rubble, etc.

Having filled 50 cm of the height of the gabion, you need to install a series of hooks (braces) so that the mesh does not deform during further filling. The step between the braces is 30-50 cm. After that, you can fill in another 50 cm of volume and reinforce the wall with hooks again. So proceed to the end, raising the filler layer to the very top of the mesh.

Fence designs can be very different. It is important to monitor the verticality of the posts at the very first stage of construction. Knowing how to correctly install the supports, the master will be able to cope with the rest of the operations without much effort.

People have been building fences for a very long time. In ancient times, they protected people from predators, served as a barrier from enemies. Currently, fences allow you to define the boundaries of your possessions, help shape the site, and protect from unnecessary glances.

In order for the fence to serve as long as possible, it is necessary to prepare a high-quality foundation with a depth of at least 30 cm.

You can build a fence in the country without even having the special skills and abilities of a builder.

Depending on building skills, design ideas and material possibilities, there are several options for how to make a fence in the country with your own hands.

Most often, the owners of summer cottages build fences from corrugated board, natural stone, metal mesh, concrete panels and wood. The main role is played by the desire to make a fence with your own hands at the same time beautiful and reliable. Therefore, very often you can find fences that are made using natural materials, made in the original style. Fences using live plants (hedges) are very popular.

Thinking about how to build a fence with your own hands, you need to try to choose the option that will best harmonize with the design of the site and the house, will create an atmosphere of unity with nature. For example, if there is a brick in the design of the house, then a fence containing brickwork will create a harmonious architectural ensemble. How to make a fence for a summer residence will be discussed. Having considered the proposed options, you can easily determine for yourself what kind of fence to make on your site.

Varieties of fences for a summer cottage

A wooden fence for a summer residence does not require large material investments, it allows you to experiment with shape and color, the material for such a fence is easy to get. Disadvantages of a wooden fence: the need for regular maintenance, the fragility of the material.
A brick fence for a summer residence will be strong, durable, does not require additional maintenance, and will allow you to experiment with shape and color. Disadvantages are the high labor intensity during construction (the creation of a strip foundation will be required) and the high cost of the material.
The fence made of corrugated board is strong, durable, does not require additional maintenance. Since the corrugated board has a low cost, the construction of such a fence will not require large material costs. In addition, a fence made of corrugated board will create additional sound insulation. It is easy to install, even for a beginner in construction work. However, such a fence requires the creation of a strip or pole foundation, which increases the complexity of the process.
A country fence made of a chain-link mesh or a metal mesh is quite strong and durable, does not require additional maintenance, is transparent (does not create shadows), and has a low cost. However, transparency in some cases can also serve as a disadvantage - such a fence will not hide from prying eyes.
A PVC fence will be durable, will allow you to experiment with the shape, inexpensive and does not require additional maintenance, it is easy to install it yourself, but this material is difficult to find.
The hedge has a very attractive appearance, allows you to create a natural and harmonious fence, experiment with design. However, such a fence is short-lived, requires constant maintenance, and serves only as a decorative fence. In addition, a professionally executed hedge will be very expensive.
The wattle in the summer cottage will have a very harmonious, natural and beautiful appearance, does not require large material investments (the wattle can be made from natural material - willow or hazel), will allow you to recreate many design solutions. The disadvantages of that fence are fragility and the performance of only a decorative function.

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Construction of the foundation for the fence

In order for the fence to exist for more than a dozen years, you need to approach the construction thoroughly. A properly laid foundation will serve as a guarantor of the strength and reliability of the fence. Foundations used for the fence: pole and strip. They have the same fundamental differences as when building a foundation for a house. The strip foundation is poured under heavy structures (for example, when building a brick fence), on heaving soils, if necessary, create a completely fenced, obscure area when it is necessary to exclude the entry of wild animals. The strip foundation for the fence is the most reliable and durable.

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Manufacturing technology of a strip foundation for a fence

Dig a trench 30-80 cm deep (if desired, for reliability, you can make a depth of up to 1.5 m).
They make a sand pillow, which is then abundantly soaked in water.
They knit the reinforcement.
Formwork for the fence is erected from boards or plywood in such a way that the canvas of the future fence is located above the ground at a height of about 40 cm.
The formwork is filled with concrete.

The pillar foundation will be more economical, it is perfect for lightweight enclosing structures. A properly thought-out and well-made fence on a pillar foundation will last no less time than on a strip foundation. When building wooden fences on a pillar foundation, it is necessary to treat all wooden parts with special compounds that will prevent decay.

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Technology for erecting a pillar foundation for a fence

With the help of a construction drill or a shovel, holes are dug under the pillars with a depth of 100-150 cm with a diameter 15-20 cm larger than the diameter of the pillars. The required distance between the posts is 2-3 m. Its choice depends on the desired span width.
They make a sand pillow - a layer of sand 20 cm thick is poured into the pits and poured abundantly with water.
The pillars are installed, they are set according to the level, after which the pits are poured with concrete. In this way, the pillars are obtained - the basis for the fence. After that, spans can be attached to the posts (for example, mesh structures).

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How to make a fence with your own hands from corrugated board

Decking is the most optimal and widespread material for the construction of fences. Therefore, the technology of its installation should be considered in more detail. Before you start building a fence with your own hands from corrugated board, you need to make accurate calculations of the entire perimeter of the fence. The location of the fence is pre-marked, the place for the wicket and gates is determined, the places of installation of the pillars are calculated (when creating a pillar foundation). After that, the height of the fence, the height of the wicket and the gate are determined. From these calculations, you can easily determine how much material you need.

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Tools and materials required to make a fence from corrugated board

Roulette, building level.
Shovel (for digging trenches or holes under the foundation).
Sand.
Watering can, water.
Concrete mortar.
Pipes with a diameter of 80-90 mm.
Welding machine.
Steel profile.
Primer.
Sheets of corrugated board.
Self-tapping screws for metal.
Protective gloves.

Pipes with a diameter of at least 80-90 mm must be used as support pillars. The side of the column, which will be directed upwards, is welded (this will prevent moisture from entering the pipe). One third of the post should be buried in the ground. After about 3 days, when the foundation hardens, a transverse steel profile is installed, to which the corrugated board for the fence will be attached.

A profiled pipe with a section of 40x25 mm can be used as a profile. How many pipes are required can be determined based on the height of the fence. At a height of up to 1.7 m, it will be sufficient to have 2 parallel fixed pipes installed at a distance of 30-40 cm. With a fence height of 1.7 to 2 m, the pipes must be laid in 3 rows.

The profile and support posts are fixed by means of electric welding. After the installation of the support pillars and steel profiles, they must be primed to protect them from corrosion. The final stage is the fastening of the corrugated sheets to the frame. Usually this material is fastened with self-tapping screws at a distance of 500 mm from each other. Adjacent sheets must be overlapped with each other.

When building a fence made of corrugated board, you need to wear gloves, since the material has sharp edges that can severely injure the skin. If during installation there are scratches on the corrugated board, they can be easily hidden by using a spray paint can. To give such a fence a more aesthetic look, the support pillars are covered with brick or stone cladding.

Making and installing a wooden fence with your own hands allows you not only to save energy and money, but also to logically complete the ensemble of site design. As a result, here, under the reliable protection of an attractive and solid fence, an atmosphere of true home calmness, warmth and comfort will immediately settle. But the construction of a fence made of wood - a very capricious material - requires thorough preparation. And it is best to start it with a fascinating acquaintance with a variety of constructive and design solutions. After all, after that it will not be difficult to make a choice.

Wood in the construction of fences: advantages and disadvantages

Wood is an inexpensive and convenient material for technical processing and decoration, which is traditionally used in the construction of fences for private territories.

Despite the availability of more durable and practical material solutions - euro shtaketnik, metal, corrugated board, brick or stone - the demand for wooden fences will always be high.

The reason for this is the list of tree advantages, which includes:

environmental friendliness;
unique decorative qualities;
a wide selection of textures and shades of wood species;
ease of processing;
ease of installation;
simple replacement of structural elements of the fence during operation;
low cost.

Wood is an environmentally friendly natural material that is perfectly combined with other building materials and is able to harmoniously fit into any solution for the design of the fenced area. For the construction of a wooden fence, one, maximum of two pairs of working hands is quite enough and no special knowledge, skills and tools are required. It is noteworthy that wooden fences are much cheaper than brick or metal ones, and their construction takes much less time and effort. And most importantly: a wide variety of wood species, as well as design and decoration methods, open up the widest scope for design ideas not only during construction, but also directly during the operation of the fence.

Along with its advantages, wood has a number of disadvantages, which must be taken into account when choosing this material.

The disadvantages of wooden fences include:

Fire hazard.
Low resistance to climatic factors.
Attractiveness to pests.
Rotting susceptibility.
Short service life (about 10 years).

To partially compensate for these shortcomings, the tree used in construction must be treated with a fire retardant, antiseptic and pest repellent. In addition, the material must be reliably protected from moisture, dampness and sudden temperature changes. All this entails additional costs of money and time both at the construction stage and during the operation of the fence.

Good to know: In practice, various methods are used to increase the service life of wooden fences. So, in order to prevent the support posts (if they are made of wood) and the picket fence from getting wet and rotting, their upper ends are closed with plugs made of plastic or other suitable material. For the same purpose, the lower edge of the fence is placed at a height of at least 15 cm from the soil level. Finally, during the operation of the fence, it is supposed to regularly mow the grass growing nearby, not forgetting to carefully monitor the state of the transverse logs and the points of their attachment to the supports.

Variety, types

So, the construction of a fence can be carried out in order to:

designation of the boundaries of the territory;
ensuring privacy (protecting what is happening inside the perimeter from prying eyes and ears);
protection against unauthorized entry;
reducing the intensity of external noise or wind load;
fencing of potentially dangerous areas (roads, cliffs along the banks of rivers and reservoirs, steep slopes, etc.);
decorative design of the site.

In accordance with the purpose of the fence, its design is selected, which can be:

Deaf.
Lattice (with gaps).
Combined.

When choosing the type of fence structure, one should not forget about its design. The fence should fit into the existing landscape and be harmoniously combined with the design of objects located in the fenced area.

The most widely used are the following options for the design of wooden fences:

"classic";

It is a simple solid or ventilated structure with metal or wooden supports installed by butting or on concrete, crossbars from wooden beams and sheathing from standard edged boards.

picket fence (vertical or horizontal);

A picket fence is used as a cladding for such a fence - a thin strip with a straight or beveled upper end. The casing can be installed both vertically and horizontally with or without a gap.

lattice;

The sheathing of the lattice fence is represented by equally wide strips (slats) installed vertically, horizontally or at an angle of 45 ° crosswise. The slats are mounted with a gap or close at the same distance from each other or in groups, which allows you to create a decorative pattern of the fence fabric.

"Chess" (deaf or with a gap);

A complicated version of a picket fence with a deaf or blown-through arrangement of the sheathing in a checkerboard pattern on both sides of the fence. Elements of staggered sheathing are installed with a slight offset in a vertical, horizontal or diagonal position of the canvas.

ladder (herringbone);

Sheathing elements of such a fence are mounted with a gap or overlap at a certain angle along the longitudinal axis (vertically or horizontally). The turning of the fence boards is provided by means of calibrated spacers.

network;

The cloth of a wicker fence is thin strips or branches of the vine, braiding the vertical or horizontal edges of the supporting frame. The braid is quite difficult to manufacture, but it provides high resistance to force and has bright decorative qualities.

palisade;

The picket fence is a solid canvas made of logs with ends pointed upwards. Such fences are difficult to overcome and, moreover, to break, moreover, they provide complete privacy of the territory inside the fence perimeter, as well as excellent sound and wind insulation.

log paving;

A log fence is assembled from tight-fitting horizontal logs. The latter can be solid or sawn along the longitudinal axis. Log paving is a serious barrier for intruders and provides reliable concealment of what is happening inside the fence from prying eyes and ears.

"ranch";

An open fencing, the canvas of which consists of several crossbars, additionally fastened with diagonally located logs. Ranch fences are used to delineate the boundaries of a private area or to protect against the entry of large animals, although they can also serve as decorative functions.

"cross".

The supports of such a fence, installed in most cases on a separate or striped concrete base, are equipped with side grooves into which longitudinal sheathing elements are inserted - fence boards or beams of the appropriate thickness. Another version of the cross-style fence has horizontal sheathing, which is attached to vertical transoms supported by support posts and a concrete foundation.

This is not the whole classification. So, fences of the "vertical picket fence" group are found in such varieties as:

solid palisade;
palisade with gaps;
cat or dog ears;
private;
peak;
concave or convex, etc.

Good to know: In practice, combinations of various types of structures are often used, which gives the fence an original appearance, and in some cases additional resistance to force.

Original designs in the photo: decoration of a summer cottage or a private house

Wooden fence of the site along the road Solid wood fence with functions of protection and ensuring the privacy of the territory Fence made of wood with combined cladding Decorative vertical picket fence Concave vertical picket fence Solid canvas of a horizontal picket fence Combined style horizontal log fence Rounded wooden picket fence as part of a convex wooden fence Cross-style fence with brick support posts Fence in the style of "ranch" for fencing a summer cottage Wooden fence with horizontal log crate Wooden fence in the style of "solid palisade" Wooden fence with a wicker canvas construction

Preparation for construction

The construction of a wooden fence, like any other object, begins with design. To solve this problem, you will need a cadastral plan of the fenced area, where the perimeter of the latter is indicated. If there is no plan at hand, the measurements will have to be performed independently.

The perimeter value is the basis for further design, therefore, it must be calculated with maximum accuracy. The data obtained should be transferred to a previously drawn scale plot of the site. In the future, this will facilitate the task of calculating the size and number of fence sections, as well as creating a working sketch of the latter.

Territory marking

To mark the site for the future fence, you will need wooden or metal pegs about 60 cm long, twine (or linen rope) and a hammer. The first step is to set the corner marks by driving the peg into the ground.

The next step is to determine the location of the wicket and entrance gates. As a rule, they are placed together. The standard width of the wicket is 1–1.5 m, and the size of the gate is taken in the range of 2–2.5 m, but in practice it all depends on the needs of the site owner.

Please note: When marking the territory, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the supports, and if they are planned to be installed on the foundation, then its width. To do this, you need to use 2 rows of marks - along the outer and inner edges of the support posts or foundation.

At the end of the design survey, the results obtained should be transferred to the plan of the fenced area. This will allow you to see the whole picture and quickly eliminate mistakes made during planning.

What materials to choose?

The next step after the development of the master plan is the selection and calculation of materials for the construction of the fence. This requires:

decide what material the support pillars will be made of;
accept the method of mounting supports;
calculate the main parameters of the fence (the number of supports, the size of the sections and the number of transverse lags);
determine the material from which the cladding will be made;
calculate the cladding volume (the number of fence boards 1.8 m long);
determine the method of installing transverse lags and cladding, as well as select the type and calculate the number of fasteners.

The choice of material for the support pillars is not difficult: the most preferable option is a metal profile pipe with a cross section of 60 * 60 mm (for corner supports) and 50 * 50 (for intermediate posts). Proper preparation for operation and proper installation will ensure the service life of such supports for at least 30 years.

If the soil on the fenced area belongs to the category of inactive, i.e. when the seasons change, its layers practically do not move, and the groundwater lies at a great depth (below 1.5 m), the support pillars of a wooden fence can be installed by backfilling or partial concreting.

Finally, it is advisable to use wooden beams with a cross section of at least 40 * 40 mm as transverse logs for a fence with a section length of 2.5 m and a canvas height of 1.8 m.

Calculation

When designing, you should take into account a number of design requirements that apply to wooden fences. Strict observance of these requirements will allow you to create a truly reliable, strong and durable fence.

Basic design requirements:

The size of the section should not exceed 2.5 m in order to avoid sagging of the transverse lags under the weight of the sheathing.
Support pillars are installed in the soil to a depth equal to the freezing depth of the latter (80–120 cm), but not less than a quarter of their total length. When choosing a method for installing supports, it is necessary to take into account the level of groundwater, as well as the soil composition, which affects the behavior of the soil when the seasons change.
To give the fence the necessary reliability and stability, the corner supports, as well as the side posts of the gate and wicket must be thicker than the intermediate ones.
The bottom line of the fence should be at least 15 cm above the soil level.
The support pillars must be at least 10 cm higher than the fence.

Good to know: If there are irregularities or slight slopes on the site, it is advisable to level the soil. This will greatly simplify the task of installing the fence structure.

The calculation of the parameters of the fence is carried out in several stages:

Suppose a plot has the shape of a trapezoid with bases 29 and 40 m long and sides measuring 25 and 20 m.The perimeter value is calculated by summing all the sides of the figure:

P = 29 + 40 + 20 + 25 = 114 m;

If the gate and the wicket are installed side by side on the line of the small base of the trapezoid, the length of the fence on this side of the site will be the difference between the total length of the segment and the total width of the wicket and entrance:

l 1 = 29 - (1.5 + 2.5) = 25 m;

In this case, the total length of the fence will be:

L = 25 + 40 + 20 + 25 = 110 m;

Now you can count the number of fence sections, each of which is 2.5 m long:

n sections = L / l sections = 110 / 2.5 = 44;

Having the exact number of sections, we calculate the number of support pillars using the formula:

N supports = n + 1 = 44+ 1 = 45;

Please note: Corner supports and posts on the sides of the gate and wicket must be thicker than the intermediate ones. There are 6 of them - 4 at the corners of the plot and 2 at the entrance and gate. Accordingly, the number of intermediate supports will be: 45 - 6 = 39 pcs.

Next, you need to calculate the height of the support pillars. With a soil freezing depth of 80 cm, a fence height of 1.8 m, and taking into account the requirements for the height of the supports, it turns out that the total length of each of them will be:

L supports = 1.8 + 0.1 + 0.15 + 0.8 = 2.85 m;

The last step in preliminary calculations is to determine the number of transverse lags of the fence. If we take the height of the latter equal to 1.8 m, 2 crossbars will be needed for each of the sections. Thus, the total number of lags will be:

n lag = n sections * 2 = 44 * 2 = 88;

As a result of the calculations, we get the exact number of structural elements of the fence:

39 intermediate supports;
6 corner supports;
88 transverse logs.

At this point, the main calculations within the framework of the fencing project can be considered complete. To start the practical implementation of the project, it remains to choose the cladding material and calculate its volume.

Which boards to choose for cladding?

The choice of fence sheathing depends on the design style of the latter, as well as on the way the wood is protected. As a rule, conifers - pine, spruce or cedar - are chosen for outdoor fences with a predominantly protective function.

If the priority in designing the appearance of the fence was given to its decorative qualities, deciduous trees - oak, beech, ash and birch - are much better suited for cladding. The strength indicators of such a fence will be low, but with proper processing it will look very impressive.

Cedar belongs to expensive and rare conifers. It stands out for its bright and beautiful texture, as well as high wear resistance.

As for oak fences, they are not often found - their construction is too expensive.

Other types of deciduous and coniferous trees, although they have good flexibility and fracture strength, are poorly resistant to moisture, therefore they are practically not used in the construction of fences.

The most accessible and cheapest timber is found in pine and spruce. It is densely saturated with resin, which is excellent protection against dampness, mold and decay, and has an optimum humidity for outdoor use (15–20% with proper drying). Spruce wood is softer than pine, so it is easier to cut. But in terms of knotty material, spruce species are undoubtedly the leader: in pine, knots begin at a considerable height, while in spruce - almost immediately from the ground.

Please note: If spruce or pine is chosen for cladding a wooden fence, you should prepare in advance for the fact that these species show an increased tendency to cracking. Spruce and pine wood owes this to the nature of the fibers and the abundance of knots. This means that the material needs to be bought with a certain margin, since some of it will inevitably go to waste.

Fence sheathing calculation

The last step before going to the building materials store is calculating the number of fence boards needed to create the canvas of the fence under construction. This value is calculated as follows:

First, you need to take the amount of clearance between the pickets. Suppose it will be 4 cm.
We measure the width of one fence board. Let it be 15 cm.
The length of one section of the fence is known - it is 2.5 m, i.e. 250 cm. If the boards were installed side by side, 16 units could be used per section. But with a 4 cm clearance, this number can be safely reduced to 13.
We check the correctness of our choice. The total width of the boards will be: 13 * 15 = 195 cm.Then the width of the gaps between the boards (taking into account that the gaps will be 1 more than the picket fence) will be: (13 + 1) * 4 = 52 cm. Together it will be: 195 + 56 = 251 cm, which diverges by only 1 cm from the length of the fence section, and this value can be easily compensated for by increasing the size of the outer gaps by 0.5 cm.
We calculate the number of boards required for sheathing the entire fence (without the door leaf and wicket): 13 * 44 = 572 pcs.

Good to know: A standard wooden picket fence has a thickness of 1.5 - 2.5 cm. This value is important when calculating the volume of boards required for sheathing a fence. So, with a fence height of 180 cm, a board width of 15 cm and a thickness of 2 cm, the sheathing volume will be: 180 * 15 * 2 * 572 = 3 088 800 cm 3 or almost 3.1 cubic meters.

Construction tool

Preparation for the construction of a wooden fence includes the collection of tools, which will greatly simplify and significantly speed up the work. The list should include:

jigsaw;
circular saw with discs for metal;
welding machine;
a hacksaw for wood;
electric drill with a set of drills for wood and metal;
shovel and crowbar;
garden earth drill;
hammer and pliers;
a set of screwdrivers and wrenches;
electric planer;
emery on wood;
brushes for processing wood with a protective compound and paint;
building level and plumb line;
measuring cord (twine);
construction tape.

Please note: During the construction of the fence, you will definitely need fasteners. For a simple fence, you can use galvanized nails, but screws or bolted connections are a much more durable option. It is noteworthy that for the latter, you will have to prepare in advance through holes in the picket fence and transverse logs.

How to make a wooden fence with your own hands: step by step instructions

The construction of a wooden fence can be roughly divided into three stages:

Installation of support pillars.
Installation of crossbars.
Frame sheathing.

Each of them deserves a more detailed description.

Installation of supports

Suppose the soil on the fenced area allows the installation of the support posts of the fence by the backfilling method. Let's see how this is done using one of the pillars as an example:

Using a garden drill, a crowbar and a shovel, in one of the corners of the plot we make a hole 1–1.2 m deep and 40–50 cm in diameter.
We lay a 10-15 cm thick sand cushion at the bottom of the pit and carefully tamp it.
Set the support in the center of the hole. This is a square profile pipe, the outer edges of which must be parallel to both arms of the fence.
We pour a mixture of crushed stone with sand to a height of 20–25 cm at the bottom of the pit and tamp it carefully.
We check the vertical support and the parallelism of its edges to the fence sleeves.
We fill in the next portion of the pillow of sand and crushed stone, tamp it and check the position of the support again. And so on to the very top of the pit.

Good to know: A sand-stone pillow in the process of backfilling will lay down more densely if it is abundantly moistened with water, not forgetting to add sand.

Installation of transverse lags

Fence crossbars made of wooden beams are most conveniently mounted using homemade brackets. They are made of 35 * 35 mm metal corner. But in order to save time and materials, ready-made brackets can simply be bought in the store.

Installing the lag is done as follows:

Please note: The distance between the logs can be reduced if necessary, but this will negatively affect the strength of the fence along the upper and lower edges of the canvas. The support should be at least 5-10 cm above the sheathing, and the bottom of the latter should be at least 10-15 cm from the soil line.

Frame sheathing

Before proceeding with the installation of fence boards, we note that there are at least two ways to solve this problem. One is that the picket fence is mounted on the logs before installing the latter on the supports:

The first step is to set the crossbars at the required distance from each other, observing a single plane. This can be done using pre-prepared coasters from scrap materials.
It does not hurt to make templates in advance, which are convenient to lay out the gaps between the boards.
The lower (or upper) edge of the canvas also does not hurt to set it under the ruler. As such, you can use any of the remaining crossbars, set at the desired distance from the mounted one.
Using self-tapping screws or bolts, we mount fence boards on transverse joists. In this case, you need to ensure that there is no deflection or any other stress in the construction of the canvas.
We raise the finished fence and fix it with bolts on the previously welded brackets. This will require at least two pairs of working hands. In addition, you will have to prepare stands with a height of 10-15 cm. With their help, it will be much easier to fix the canvas with lags on the brackets, which is necessary for the successful landing of the structure on the bolts.
If the fence boards were installed without deforming the crossbars, and the latter were aligned accurately, their ends will easily fit on the brackets.

Please note: The second way to install the cladding is to mount each board separately. With this approach, it becomes more difficult to place the fence boards in a strictly vertical position and at an equal distance from each other, and also creates stress in the structure of the canvas due to the deflection of the crossbars under the weight of the sheathing.

Protection and finishing: how to cover and paint

The wooden fence is used in the open air all year round. This means that all structural elements need reliable protection from moisture, temperature fluctuations, pests, rust and fire.

Good to know: Metal elements of the fence frame, especially in areas with welded and bolted joints, must be primed and painted before installation. Before starting the main work, it also does not hurt to remember that the legs of the support pillars installed on the ground need additional waterproofing. It can be done with roofing material or bitumen. But first, to isolate the inner space of the profile pipe, it is necessary to weld caps to its lower and upper ends.

In addition to moisture, harmful microorganisms and pests, ultraviolet radiation leads to a decrease in the life of a wooden fence. It accelerates the oxidation of wood fibers and evaporates the moisture contained in it. As a result, wooden fencing elements lose not only their visual appeal, but also their bearing capacity. In order to exclude premature wear of the structure, it is recommended to use special additives - UV hardeners when applying impregnation.

The impregnating compound is applied in several layers on a deep penetration primer. Primed and impregnated wooden surfaces are covered with moisture-resistant varnish or paint, which serve as the final touch in protecting the fence from aggressive operating factors.

Please note: Primers and impregnations change the color of the wood, which must be taken into account when designing a wooden fence design.

The condition of the fence made of wood must be closely monitored throughout the entire period of operation. Any damage or material wear should be repaired immediately, which will significantly increase the service life of the structure. As for the choice of a method for decorating a wooden fence, it depends on many factors, the main among which are the aesthetic preferences of the owner of the site and his financial capabilities. For example, a finished fence can be decorated or even reinforced with forging, give it an original color, experimenting with impregnations and topcoats, decorate with glass or stone inserts, etc. At the same time, you can decorate the fence gradually, the main thing is at the very beginning to reliably protect it from moisture destruction, pests and burnout in the sun.

Video: Building a wooden fence yourself

Building a wooden fence with your own hands requires careful preparation. Even at the design stage, you need to carefully study the building materials market and try to determine the conditions in which the fence will be used. With an attentive attitude to the basic design requirements, as well as the whims of the basic material, the independent construction of the fence will take a minimum of effort and bring maximum pleasure and benefit.