What to do to make the carrots rise quickly. What to do with carrot seeds before planting

Carrots are a must-have vegetable in the kitchen! All year round we add it to hot dishes, eat it fresh and mix salads. The cost of carrots in the store is low, so maybe it would be more convenient to just buy root crops as needed, without spending time growing them? However, closer to spring, store-bought carrots begin to rise in price significantly, their quality deteriorates markedly, and those who did not make supplies on time have a hard time.

That is why in every garden there is necessarily a bed for this beloved vegetable crop, and experienced gardeners exchange with beginners their experience on how to plant carrots correctly in order to obtain a rich harvest of healthy root crops.

If you have never had to grow vegetables before, and you have no idea how to plant carrots, or you cannot grow normal tasty root vegetables in any way, our article will definitely be useful for you. We will tell you how to plant carrots with seeds, how to care for young seedlings, and how to protect the garden from.

Video about preparing carrot seeds for planting

Depending on what sort of seeds you bought, the timing of their sowing will differ. So, on the twentieth of April, you can start sowing early-maturing varieties, from April 25 to May 5, mid-season varieties begin to be sown, and planting of carrots intended for winter storage is carried out on June 10-15.

It is recommended to choose an area under the carrot bed where there are not too many weeds, since the weeds will sprout before the carrots and prevent it from growing. The soil should be loose, preferably sandy. In heavy soil, root crops can turn out to be curved, gnarled, small. If there is a constantly elevated level of moisture in the soil, the roots will rot, and in dry soil the carrot will turn out to be “wooden”.

Consider also, after which crops you will sow carrots. It is best to choose those areas where cucumbers, tomatoes, garlic, onions, cabbage, potatoes or greens (except for salad) grew last year. After parsley, it is better not to plant carrots, as pests that are dangerous for carrots can remain in the soil.

In heavy soil, root crops can turn out to be curved, gnarled, small

Dig up the soil in the garden in the fall, and in the spring, walk along the ground with a flat cutter. You should not dig up additionally - settled earth is preferable for carrots. Most importantly, do not add fresh manure to the soil, since carrots cannot tolerate its acid. The garden bed can be fertilized with mineral fertilizers a couple of weeks before planting carrots.

Carrots are planted by seeds directly into the open ground. Prepare the seeds in advance:

soak for two hours in clean water at room temperature;
scatter the seeds over a damp cloth and cover with another damp cloth on top;
keep the seeds in the room, stirring them gently from time to time;
soak the fabric when drying;
when the seeds are completely swollen and start to hatch, move them to the refrigerator for 10 days to harden.

Simple and accessible on how to plant carrots correctly

It is enough to maintain a distance between seeds of 1.5 cm

Sprinkle the bed set aside for carrots with ash, cut through each groove up to 2.5 cm deep, leaving 20 cm aisles, and 12 cm along the edges of the ridge. Spill the grooves with water and sow the prepared seeds. It is enough to maintain a distance between the seeds of 1.5 cm. Level the furrows with soil. It is recommended to stretch the film above the garden bed at a height of 15 cm so that the seedlings appear faster, and with the appearance of greenery, the film can be removed.

Experienced gardeners, in an effort to simplify the process of sowing seeds, sometimes come up with quite unusual methodshow to plant carrots: before sowing, someone mixes the seed with sand, while others pre-stick one seed on tape of tissue paper (you can use a toilet). The carrot seed is picked up with a toothpick, dipped in paper glue or paste and applied every 5 cm to the paper. These paper strips are laid in furrows and covered with earth on top.

Video about growing carrots

Plant a radish along the edges of the garden bed, it will rise quite quickly, marking the carrot rows, and you can start loosening the row spacing earlier (carrots are very fond of frequent loosening). It is also very useful to plant onions on a carrot bed, since its smell drives away carrot flies - the most dangerous pest of carrots.

At first, the garden should be watered abundantly, and when the first shoots turn green, reduce watering to twice a week. Although not all the seed material will sprout, after the formation of the first leaf, the seedlings will need to be thinned out, leaving the most powerful plants.

Carrots do not require special care, but the growing rules must be followed. It is a drought-resistant crop that tolerates frosts and prolonged cold snaps well. How to grow carrots? The secrets, like other vegetables, lie in the correct agricultural technology.

It requires more maintenance than other crops. Let's take a closer look at how to grow carrots in your country house or garden with your own hands.

Soil preparation

It is required to choose a bright place before growing carrots. The secrets lie in the fact that with a lack of sunlight due to a falling shadow or an uneven surface of the bed, the roots lose sugar content and mass.

Before growing a good crop of carrots, you need to choose a light, level soil. It should be sandy loam, light loamy, with good drainage. In dense loam, the fruits grow small, during storage they are quickly affected by rot. Carrots should not be planted in acidic soils. It requires a neutral or slightly acidic environment.

Before growing good carrots, you must

The garden bed is prepared in the fall so that it settles. It is made loose. To do this, add sawdust, humus, peat or sand. For liming, chalk, lime, dolomite, ash are used. You should not use manure for growing carrots, since you get not very beautiful and poorly stored root crops. Humus should be applied to poor soil - a bucket per square meter. If the groundwater is close, the bed is made high.

The arable layer is well formed with the help of green manure roots - plants that create a good soil structure. They are sown in the garden in the fall, in order to plant carrots in this place in the spring. Also, worms and microorganisms create a good soil structure.

Carrot beds should be constantly changed. The predecessors should be garlic, onions, cabbage, potatoes. How to grow large carrots if you have to grow the same crop in one place? This will help the introduction of wood ash twice a year in the amount of 0.2 kg / m 2, followed by digging.

In the spring, a week before planting, the bed is leveled, loosened, treated with a 0.3% solution of vitriol, watered with warm water, and then covered with a polyethylene film. During this time, it will retain moisture and warm up well in the sun.

How to prepare seeds for sowing

The germination rate of carrot seeds is low - 55-75%. In this regard, the seeds should be taken fresh. In addition, carrots do not germinate evenly. The first shoots should appear in 2-3 weeks. The seeds germinate for a long time due to the presence of essential oils on their surface, which slow down the penetration of moisture.

Before growing, you need to prepare for sowing. Let's consider several ways to pre-germinate them.

Soak

The seeds are poured into cloth bags and kept in warm water for 24 hours. The water must be changed every four hours. A nutrient solution can be made from it by adding wood ash (30 g / l). After that, the seeds must be washed.

The method will be more effective if additionally hardened. Seeds in moist bags are placed in the refrigerator for 2-5 days.

Soak with nutrient solution

A weak solution of potassium permanganate is used with the addition of ½ teaspoon of fertilizer per liter of water or a mixture of nitrophoska and boric acid (1/3 teaspoon and 1/2 teaspoon per liter of water, respectively). The seeds are scattered on gauze folded several times, and also covered with it on top and poured with a solution for a day. The liquid level should be just above the fabric. Then they are washed with water and refrigerated for three to four days.

If the weather does not allow planting seeds, they are left on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator, keeping them moist all the time. In this case, you need to ensure that they do not germinate more than 0.5 cm.

Heat treatment

Heat treatment of seeds consists in their successive immersion in hot and cold water. They are poured into a bag and rinsed at a temperature of 50 degrees, and then dipped in a humate solution and kept warm for two days. As a result, the germination of not only carrots, but also parsley and dill is accelerated.

Bubbling

Sparging speeds up the seed preparation process. An air or oxygen supply hose with an emery stone filter at the end is brought to the bottom of a non-metallic container with water. A mesh with seeds is placed on top.

In the process of bubbling, the water is saturated with air. At home, a small aquarium compressor is enough for this. The time for bubbling carrot seeds is 17-24 hours. After that, the material is removed to the middle shelf of the refrigerator, where it is stored for 3-5 days. Before sowing, the seeds are dried for 12 hours to make them free-flowing, and sown.

Burying seeds in the soil

Dry seeds are placed in cloth bags and buried in the ground with a shovel to the depth of one bayonet, where they should be for at least 10-12 days. Then they are taken out and sown in the garden. After such treatment, seedlings should appear in five days.

Another method is to mix the seeds with moist peat and keep them in a warm place for at least one week. During this period, they have time to germinate, after which they are sown. Before planting in the ground, the seeds are dried for 20-25 minutes on parchment or cloth at room temperature.

How to grow carrots. Sowing and Care Secrets

Before planting, seeds are selected and purchased that are most suitable for a particular region. You can also get them yourself. Before growing carrot seeds, find a good and large root vegetable and then plant it in the spring. It will ripen by autumn.

Carrots grow for about three months. To get a harvest in September, planting should be done no later than May. Sowing dates are from late April to early June. Landing before May 5 is considered optimal.

Before winter, carrots are planted when the soil becomes cold enough. This can be from late October to early November. Sowing and harvesting times depend on the variety and region. Northern varieties should not be planted in the south as they will grow slowly. If southern varieties are grown in the middle lane, they give abundant tops, while root crops do not develop. Some varieties bred abroad are poorly stored.

It should be produced on time, otherwise the beneficial properties and keeping quality of root crops may deteriorate.

Small carrot seeds should be spread evenly in the groove. Therefore, they are mixed with sand or peat and sown in a garden bed.

So that neighboring rows do not interfere with her growing? To ensure sufficient illumination, it is better to make the beds narrow - no more than four rows of carrots.

Bumpers are made along the edge to prevent water from flowing off. The distance between the rows should be 15 cm, and for late varieties - 20 cm. The bed is watered and sprinkled with ash. The seeds are placed in the grooves at a distance of about 2.5 cm.

In spring-summer plantings, the swollen seeds are planted shallowly - by 3-4 cm. They should be sprinkled with very light soil, which is used as black soil mixed with peat, sand or humus. Then a ventilation gap is made of film over the bed at a distance of about 12-15 cm.

The first shoots appear in a week in warm weather. If the temperature is below 12 degrees, the time is doubled. If there are vacant places, additional sowing is done.

For many gardeners, the question of how to grow early carrots is a problem. In fact, it is not difficult. In the fall, early varieties of carrots are sown to a depth of 2 cm, and then sprinkled with mulch to a height of 3-4 cm. The soil temperature should be below +5 degrees. When there is little snow in winter, the beds are additionally covered with it to a height of 50 cm. With this method of planting, the crop is harvested earlier than usual for 2-3 weeks.

Thinning of plants

How to grow a good harvest of carrots if they sprout perfectly? To do this, you need to do a thorough thinning of the seedlings after the appearance of the third leaf.

All this is not as simple as it seems at first glance. For the plants to be well removed, the garden should be watered and the soil should be carefully loosened. In addition, the operation should be performed during the day, so as not to attract a pest - a carrot fly that flies in the evening.

Sprouts should be removed with tweezers, leaving a distance of at least 2 cm. The smallest shoots are removed. The tops are thrown away from the garden. In no case should you leave it nearby, so as not to attract pests. Onion shooters, which are chopped up and scattered around the garden, are a good deterrent. You can cover crops with special material. The ground around the plants is slightly crushed. After 20 days, the thinning is repeated. In this case, a distance of 6 cm is left between the carrots.

The row spacing needs to be loosened and weeded (at least once a week) so that the roots receive a sufficient amount of oxygen. After thinning the aisles, mulch with compost or sawdust soaked for several weeks in 2-3% urea solution.

How to grow large carrots? The correct dosage of fertilizers is needed here. They cannot be applied in large quantities at once. Carrot beds begin to fertilize with mineral water when 5-6 sheets appear. The frequency of feeding is 2-4 weeks. This culture is particularly disliked by excess nitrogen.

As it grows, the top of the root crop comes out of the ground and turns green. It doesn't hurt, but the taste gets worse. How to grow sweet carrots so that they do not lose their taste? When root crops appear from the ground, they are huddled, raking up the earth on them with a height of about 50 mm.

Watering carrot beds

Poor germination of carrots is primarily associated with drying out of the soil. Until she has risen, the top layer of the bed should be constantly wet. Sometimes the soil should be watered even several times a day. Granular seeds are especially difficult to germinate. Immediately after sowing, the bed is protected with a foil so that the top layer does not dry out.

Until the roots appear, watering is done after 3-4 days, 3-4 buckets per 1 m 2. At the same time, they grow independently in depth and find moisture. Therefore, watering is carried out once a week at 1-2 buckets per m2, and from the end of August - once every 1.5-2 weeks at 8-10 liters per square. The beds are kept for two weeks without watering until harvest.

Coarse root vegetables are an indicator that they lacked moisture. With an excess of it, the fruits grow small. Also, sharp drops from drying to excess moisture are harmful, leading to cracking of the carrot and subsequent poor preservation.

Carrots are not afraid of cold weather, but at temperatures below 8 degrees, starch in root crops turns into sugar, keeping quality of root crops worsens. In the middle lane, the crop is harvested at the end of September in dry weather.

Harvested for 1.5-2 hours, and then cut off the tops. The harvest is sorted, even carrots are placed in a ventilated box in a dark and cool place. This can be a cellar or basement.

Conclusion

You can never get a good harvest if you don't know how to grow carrots. The secrets of agricultural technology lie in proper soil preparation, competent planting and care. As a result, you will get large and even root crops in the fall.

Many people understand that gardening is a very difficult business, and not everyone is suitable for this kind of activity. Here it is important not only to know how to sow, because there are often cases when diligence, endurance and patience are required from the gardener. This is especially true of the latter. And this is twice true when you plant such a plant as familiar to a modern person as carrots. If the seeds of many other cultivated vegetables, for example, peppers, sprout quite quickly (for this they need about a week), then carrots can be in a "dormant state" for a long time, forcing their owner to languish for weeks in anticipation.

However, there are several different ways to avoid this. The first, and the simplest, is to soak the seeds in water. This is a very simple and very common method. They become swollen, then they open up and the sprout appears. But in this case, there is one significant drawback. Seeds that are wet and sticking to your hands are not very convenient to sow. In addition, the chance that they will evenly lie in the garden bed is critically small. Moreover, this technique requires immediate, since the soil must always remain moist. Otherwise, the carrot seeds will die.

There are also people who do nothing at all and just sow dry seeds. However, then you will have to face the problem of weeds, which will certainly appear by the time the sprout appears. You will have to thin out the seedlings, which requires a lot of time and especially patience, which not everyone has.

The next method is slightly similar to the first. The carrot seeds should be placed in a small rag, then folded and tied with a string or string (rubber bands will also work). After that, you should hold it under hot water. The temperature should not exceed 45-50 degrees. This can avoid both burns and damage to the seeds themselves. Perform this operation three times a day, for 2 days. Total: 6 times. But that's not all. Remember! They should not become dry between rinses. It is recommended at that time to put them on a saucer of water at room temperature. After the sixth time, it is necessary to spread the seeds on paper, the paper itself must be placed on the battery.

Some gardeners say that even after completing all these simple operations, one should not rush to sowing, since thinning cannot be avoided in the case of early shoots.

This method is quite unusual and is relatively rare, because here. Pour seeds into it, mix and pour into a teapot. Since the seeds will be evenly distributed during mixing, the distribution of seeds in the furrows will also be uniform.
What follows is a very convenient technique that many recommend. The seeds must be mixed with sand (always dry!), Then mixed. The resulting mixture is spread over the furrows. After that, it is necessary to water the seeds abundantly with water and cover with a layer of soil. If everything is done correctly, the sowing will be even, and there will be a good harvest of carrots in the fall.

There is also an old method, which, however, some consider ineffective. The instruction is quite simple: pour water into a half-liter jar, cover with seeds. After that, you should put the mixture in your mouth, after stirring it, and spray the beds. The seeds are believed to be evenly distributed.
A very useful method is a mixed planting method, which allows you to take multiple harvests of early and late crops. To do this, mix carrot seeds in a bowl with seeds of another early crop, for example. Then add a little dry sand to make the sowing even. Then the sowing itself follows. Radish (or any other early crop) ripens and then harvested. However, this technique also has disadvantages. Since for a good harvest you need not only good soil, but also a combination of fertilizing with fertilizers, timely watering and loosening the soil.

At first glance, it seems that sowing carrots is easy enough. But in fact, it is not easy, skill and knowledge of certain sowing rules is required. Let's figure out together how to sow carrots so that they sprout quickly.

Carrot planting rules

For the convenience of sowing, it is recommended to mix carrot seeds with dry sand and sow the resulting mixture on a prepared bed. The liquid method has proven itself well - a starch paste is prepared, it cools. Carrot seeds are poured into it and everything is thoroughly mixed. Sowing can be done through a kettle or a bag with a hole.

Several ways to sow carrots:

There are quite a few of them, let's consider the most used ones.

Dry sowing is considered the simplest - sprinkling seeds into furrows. But at the same time, it is quite difficult to maintain the uniformity of their landing. With this method, seedlings appear for a long time, because the seeds have not undergone preliminary swelling. This usually happens after the first rain.
The next method is the seeds are soaked and germinated. This method requires watering on the day of planting and beyond. It is important here that the required percentage of moisture is always maintained in the seeds, otherwise they may die. This method gives quick germination results.
Carrots "in a bag" give quick shoots. During the first thawed patches, a small hole is dug on the site. Carrot seeds are placed in a bag, moistened with water, laid in a hole, covered with earth and covered with snow. In ten days the seeds will hatch. They can be taken out, mixed with sand and simply scattered over the garden. The soil is then hardened and covered with polyethylene. Shoots appear on the fifth day.
Another method is quite economical.
A couple of tablespoons of seeds are mixed with a bucket of sand and the resulting mixture is injected into the prepared furrows. It is very important that the sand is dry. Otherwise, mixing will be uneven, which will further affect germination. After that, it is necessary to spill the beds abundantly with water, sprinkle with a small layer of earth and you can ignore the carrots until autumn. In this way, decimation can be omitted.

A number of other methods available to everyone

We will consider them without details, with a simple listing:

The seeds are placed in water and sowing is sprinkled with the mouth,

mixed method - carrot seeds are mixed with radish, sand is added and sown evenly,

combining sowing carrots with onions,