Polyfoam and cotton wool: how to insulate a frame house from the outside. What kind of insulation is better for a frame house: we choose a heater for walls according to characteristics Insulation of a frame structure

How to choose a heater for a frame house. Types of heaters, their advantages and disadvantages. Stages of work on the insulation of the structure.

If a wooden house is chosen for year-round living, it is necessary to choose the right insulation for a frame house. What properties should the insulation of a frame house have? What is its peculiarity in relation to thermal conductivity, water absorption and fire safety. How does the insulation shrink and how environmentally friendly it is.

What materials are suitable for insulating a frame structure. What are mineral insulation, ecowool and basalt wool? Why is windproofing of heaters and vapor barrier so important?

Insulation rules for frame houses. Types of heaters. Features of insulation of frame-panel board and metal frames. How does the insulation function for the frame building? Whether polyurethane is beneficial in application. Stages of work when insulating walls, ceilings and roofs.

What properties should a heater for a frame house have?

Everyone who is faced with frame construction at some point is forced to think about which insulation is better for a frame house. To make the right decision, you need to know the properties of the main thermal insulation materials offered on the modern market. In addition, one should take into account the rules on which their choice is based. After reading this article, you can consciously and competently choose the most suitable insulating material for insulating the walls of a frame house.

Insulation materials used to insulate the walls of a frame house must have the following properties:

low thermal conductivity;
fire safety;
low water absorption;
lack of shrinkage;
environmental friendliness.

Thermal conductivity

The ability of a material to transfer heat reflects the coefficient of thermal conductivity. The lower its value, the less heat passes through this material. At the same time, in winter, the room does not cool down so quickly, and in summer it heats up more slowly. This allows savings in cooling and heating costs. For this reason, when choosing a heater, it is imperative to take into account the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient of the material during operation in specific conditions.

Water absorption

The next important indicator affecting the ability of the insulation to retain heat is its water absorption. It is the ratio of the amount of water absorbed by the insulation to the weight of the insulation itself. This characteristic demonstrates the ability, in the case of direct contact with water, to absorb and retain moisture in the pores.

Due to the fact that moist material conducts heat well, the lower this value is, the better. This is due to the fact that when wet, the air pores of the insulation are filled with water, which has a higher thermal conductivity than air. In addition, too wet material can simply freeze, turning into ice and completely lose its functions.

Fire safety

The fire safety of materials means the ability to withstand high temperatures without breaking the structure and igniting. This parameter is regulated by GOST 30244, GOST 30402 and SNiP 21-01-97, which subdivide them into flammability groups from G1 to G4, while completely non-combustible substances are designated NG. For frame residential buildings, heaters belonging to the NG group are most preferable.

Insulation shrinkage

When choosing a heat insulator for a frame building, it is imperative to take into account such an indicator as the ability to shrink. This value should be minimal, otherwise, during operation, material subsidence will appear in the places where the insulation is laid, which will lead to the appearance of cold bridges and an increase in heat loss.

Environmental friendliness

The basis of the walls of a frame house is insulation. Since the insulating material will surround you everywhere in the frame house, you need to be sure that this is a really high-quality insulation and it does not emit harmful substances.

What do we expect first of all from a frame house? Safety, comfort and, first of all, warmth. It was the thermal characteristics that confidently brought frame houses to the top of the most popular buildings, and have kept them there for several years. However, there are times when the house should be additionally insulated from the inside, and you can do it yourself.

When is it necessary

Not every house is subject to internal insulation, since already during the construction of the wall of a frame building, the insulation is laid inside. It can be any modern insulation that is certified and has all the documents. Don't buy Chinese material, especially if it is significantly cheaper. Its quality and safety leave much to be desired, and the glue that may be included in the composition is completely dangerous.

However, sometimes the house needs insulation.

Warming of old houses. If your house has stood for 10-15 years, then the insulation that is in the walls may lose its quality. Especially if the operating conditions of the frame building were difficult - perhaps moisture sometimes penetrated into the wall, or the integrity of the protective materials - waterproofing and vapor barrier - was violated. In this case, the house is insulated from the inside using mineral wool. You can also use polystyrene, but there must be high requirements for it so that a technical smell does not exist in the room for a long time.
Insulation of the house for winter living. If you had a country house in which you lived only in the summer season, with the help of insulation, you can make the house habitable in cold weather, but you will have to think about heating in addition. However, if there is light in the house, then this is no longer a problem. Alternatively, you can fold the oven or use gas heaters.
If initially you made a mistake and chose a heater with an unsuitable density or thickness for your climatic zone, as a result, the house turned out to be poorly heat-retaining.
If mold has appeared on your walls, it means that the walls need insulation, since condensation appears on the walls due to freezing, cold bridges or dew point.

Thus, there are several reasons to insulate the house, but we will consider how to do it below.

How is the process of installing insulation

So, before you start insulating a frame house, you should carry out a number of preparatory work. First of all, it is worth removing the interior trim, peeling off the wallpaper or siding. The surface must be flat and clean. If mold stains are visible on the walls, they are removed and coated with an antifungal solution. Otherwise, insulation will bring one harm.

Next, you should choose the material with which the house will be insulated. Usually it is mineral wool or foam. For internal insulation of the house, the foam can be chosen thinner, it should not be too soft, medium-density foam is suitable. For floor insulation - more dense.

If you have chosen mineral wool for insulating a frame house, then please note that it is sold in the form of mats or rolls.

So, step-by-step instructions for working with foam with your own hands:

Treating the wall of the house with an antifungal agent to protect the house from fungus. To do this, we use a container for liquid and a roller. We work on the entire wall, allowing the product to be absorbed. Very often, these products have a pungent odor and are poisonous, so they should be applied to the wall while ventilating so that there is access to fresh air. Hands must be protected with gloves. You should also make sure that the product does not get into your eyes. Warming without processing cannot be of high quality.
If you are insulating with foam, we attach the insulation from the corner, so that you can then cut off the excess. For fixing, we use foam and fungal plugs. On one sheet there are 5 fungi - 1 each from the corners and one in the center. To the wall of the frame building, we first fix the foam plastic with a fungus in the middle, and then we install the plugs in the corners.
After the first level, we also lay the second level of polystyrene with our own hands.
To make the foam more durable, we apply expanded clay, tile glue on top of it. After hardening, it makes the wall almost concrete. We use a large spatula for application. Spread the glue evenly with a thin layer on the wall, and let it dry.
When the wall is dry, we need to clean it up. To do this, we take sandpaper and a holder. It is better to carry out work with a mask, since it is very dusty. Fine dust from the glue is quite harmful, and it is undesirable to breathe it.
Next step: work with a primer and roller. After everything has been cleaned with sandpaper, it is necessary to prime the wall. After that, the wall is ready in plaster.

Thus, the wall is insulated from the inside, and all the work is done by hand. In a similar way, you can insulate a wooden house with mineral wool, such as basalt. It is quite dense, well cut with a knife.

At the same time, nevertheless, foam plastic has some disadvantages when insulating a frame building from the inside.

The polystyrene does not breathe and helps to obstruct the outflow of steam. But mineral wool is considered a breathable material, so it is better to use it indoors.

Risks and consequences

There are opponents in the insulation of a frame house from the inside. In fact, there is an opinion that it is better not to insulate the house from the inside with your own hands, and if you decide to take such a step, then you must use only breathable materials. Why is this opinion formed?

In order to answer this question, you need to learn more about the structure of the frame wall. It consists of the following layers: vapor barrier membrane, insulation, waterproofing film and plates on both sides.

The biggest evil for a frame wall is moisture, which, getting inside, condenses on the insulation, rendering it unusable, and also causes rotting of wood, mold and the spread of fungus.

Where does moisture get inside the wall? It is generally accepted that from the street, if the waterproofing is done incorrectly. After all, there is snow, rain and fog on the street. However, experience and practice suggest that moisture gets into the wall most often from the inside of the house, therefore, in order for vapors and moisture to escape freely from the wall, it is necessary to use breathable materials. Polyfoam does not apply to such materials, but mineral wool - yes.

Therefore, polystyrene can do great harm if you insulate your house with it from the inside, and great benefit if you use it outside. And it's better to insulate the house from the inside

Insulation of a frame house- one of the most important stages of construction, since the insulation layer serves as the only barrier to the penetration of cold into the dwelling, as well as an insulator from wind and moisture.

AND up to 80% all frame houses are insulated with mineral wool or materials based on it.

Mineral wool- This is a vapor-permeable insulation, which is the most popular material for thermal insulation. Minvata is distinguished by high sound insulation and environmental friendliness. Throughout the entire period of use, the mineral wool remains in its original form.

Advantages and disadvantages

Main advantages mineral wool:

Low thermal conductivity. This coefficient depends on the density of the mineral wool and can range from 0.032 to 0.039 W / (m * K). And the tougher the cotton wool, the less thermal conductivity it will have.
Durability. With proper installation, the insulation can last up to 70 years.
Ease of installation. The material is easy to cut with a knife and easy to handle.
Fire safety. Minvata does not burn, but only melts under the influence of high temperatures, while not emitting harmful substances into the atmosphere.

To the disadvantages mineral wool insulation includes:

High cost.
The need to protect the material from moisture using a vapor and waterproofing film.
The installation of cotton wool slabs must be carried out in a suit and a respirator to protect against harmful dust .

Types of mineral wool, their pros and cons

It happens 3 types:

Glass wool (glass melts are used as raw materials).
Stone (made from rocks).
Slag (produced from slag).

The previously described advantages and disadvantages mineral wool is inherent in all its varieties, the following shows the distinctive pros and cons of each type.

Glass wool Is a fibrous insulation, which is a type of mineral wool. The raw materials for its manufacture are glass melts and binders - resins.

Pros of glass wool:

Air permeability.
Frost resistance.
Resistant to chemicals.
Resistant to mold and mildew.

Cons of insulation:

Short service life - up to 10 years.
Shrinkage up to 80%.

Stone (basalt) wool is a vapor-permeable insulation, which is one of the best sound and heat insulation materials. It is made from rocks with the addition of urea resins and bentonite clay.

Pros of stone wool:

High density.
Minimal shrinkage (about 5%).
Resistant to decay, mildew and mildew.

To the disadvantages can be attributed to the high moisture absorption of stone wool.

Important: cotton wool is produced in slabs and rolls, it can have different density - from 30 to 100 kg / m³.

Slag wool is made from blast-furnace slag, which is a waste of metallurgical production.

Pros are slag:

flexibility and elasticity (can be used to insulate rounded surfaces).
Low cost.

Cons of insulation:

When water hits the cotton wool, acid is released, which destroys the metal.
The material does not tolerate temperature extremes.

The table shows that stone wool has the best technical indicators, plus everything has minimal shrinkage. Slag wool is noticeably inferior to glass and stone wool in terms of thermal conductivity and has low noise insulation.

Floor insulation technology of a frame house

Floor insulation technology based on the type of foundation of the house. Most of the frame structures are placed on a pile-screw foundation, but regardless of the type of foundation of the house, the first layer of floor insulation should be waterproofing.

If the house is located high from the ground and you can climb under it, then first attach it with a stapler under the logs from below waterproofing film, and then the bottom sheathing boards are nailed.

They can be nailed close to each other or in increments of up to 40 cm... They will keep the mineral wool slabs and the waterproofing film from falling down.

If you can't crawl under the house, then boards are stuffed under the logs, and then a film is laid on top of the logs and boards from the inside. Minvata fits tightly between the lags on the film ... Distance between lags should be 58-59 cm, since the standard width of cotton wool slabs is 60 cm.

Average thickness of the layer of mineral wool should be 15 cm, and the height of the lag is slightly less. Each new layer of cotton wool should overlap the joints of the previous one and have an overlap of at least 20 cm.

On top of mineral wool and lag attach a vapor barrier film, glue the joints with 2-sided tape. Sheets of plywood, OSB or boards are laid on the film, which will serve as the basis for finishing the floors.

Important: waterproof and vapor barrier films are laid so that their edges go over the walls. This will exclude the ingress of moisture between the wall and the floor of the frame house.

Scheme of warming the walls of a frame house with mineral wool

The walls in the frame house are insulated and outside and inside... The materials used for this are the same.

Insulation of external walls

Wall insulation technology mineral wool outside includes several stages. First, the frame is sheathed from the outside with OSB boards with a distance between the boards of 2-3 mm. Then these slots are filled with polyurethane foam.

Outside, over the slabs, a waterproofing film is pulled to protect slabs and a layer of mineral wool from precipitation, the joints of the films are double-sided tape.

On the inside, between the beams of the frame, mineral wool slabs are inserted. The joint of the second layer of cotton wool should overlap the joint of the first 15-20 cm.

Advice: it is best to take slabs of cotton wool with a density of at least 35-50 kg / m³ to insulate the walls of a frame dwelling. Such mineral wool will not sag and roll down.

After laying all the insulation must be filled with polyurethane foam all the cracks that appeared at the joints of the boards and beams.

On top of a layer of mineral wool a vapor barrier film is stretched from the inside to protect the insulation from moisture coming from inside the room. Next, OSB sheets, plywood or boards are stuffed onto the film. Finally, the walls are finished.

Insulation of internal walls

Insulation of internal walls frame house is mainly carried out to provide sound insulation. To do this, you can use mineral wool, another type of insulation or special soundproofing materials.

The technology of wall insulation inside is similar to the insulation of external walls, while hydro and thermal insulation films can be omitted.

Ceiling insulation with mineral wool

Ceiling insulation is one of the most critical stages in the technology of home insulation. It is recommended to carry it out while the roof is not yet fully assembled, so that this does not interfere with the dense laying of the mineral wool from above to the ceiling.

First, a vapor barrier film is attached to the ceiling beams from the inside. A board is nailed onto it 2.5 cm thick, plywood sheet or OSB board. Next, slabs of cotton wool are attached on top according to the same rules as for wall and floor insulation.

Attention: mineral wool is placed completely along the entire ceiling, plus an overlap on the entire width of the walls.

If the attic is not used for living, then there is no need to lay membrane films. Can be immediately sheathed with plywood or plank for ease of movement. In the case when it is not possible to insulate the ceiling from above, it is applied insulation from the inside... For this, mineral wool slabs are tied to the ceiling. Then a vapor barrier film and plywood sheets or boards are sewn on.

Since warm air always rises to the top, then with illiterate insulation the ceiling will leave a large amount of heat from the room.

Insulation of the roof of a frame house

Roof insulation technology similar to ceiling insulation with one exception. A waterproofing film must be laid on the layer of insulation to protect the mineral wool from the external environment (rain, wind or snow).

After installation of the rafter system, a vapor barrier film is hemmed from below, onto which hemming boards or plywood sheets are stuffed from the inside.

Then, sheets of insulation are laid outside, covering them with a waterproofing film. On tape stuff the counter-lattice, then the lathing under the roof and the roofing material itself.

Roof insulation more convenient to produce outside, so the cotton fibers will not fall off on the face. If the roof is already assembled, then insulation can be done from the inside. But this is less convenient, since it will be necessary to temporarily fix the mineral wool slabs before pulling the vapor barrier.

In conclusion, we can say that the insulation of a frame house with mineral wool will provide minimal heat dissipation through the walls and cut costs for heating in winter. Mineral wool as a heater provides natural ventilation in the house and is an excellent sound insulator against noise from the street.

Look at the video for the scheme of insulating a frame house with mineral wool:

Master class on insulating the outer walls of a frame house using URSA TERRA, watch the video:

The construction of frame structures has become popular due to its simplicity. The process is reduced to elementary actions, something like collecting objects from the Lego constructor. Warming of a frame house is also done by hand (this is not a step-by-step instruction, but ordinary recommendations).

It is necessary to think over what materials the insulation will be made from, in some cases it is advisable to save money, for example, if the house is intended exclusively for living in the summer period.

For all-season buildings, insulation should be carried out in accordance with all the rules, the highest quality materials should be used.

Choice of materials

One of the main parameters that a material must meet is its elasticity. Styrofoam and related products may not work. The fact is that the elements of the frame (if we are talking about a frame made of wood) will change their dimensions due to changes in the temperature and humidity of the ambient air. In this case, gaps will appear between the bars and the insulation panels, which will affect the overall thermal insulation of the house.

And the elastic material will fill all the space between the bars.

For metal frame houses, you can use any materials, for example, expanded polystyrene.

Basalt wool

The most common material. It is obtained by melting rock basalt. It retains heat perfectly, has sound insulating properties. The downside is the change in properties when absorbing moisture. Therefore, you need to carefully protect it with special films.

Basalt materials are the most fire safe, withstand heating temperatures up to 1000 degrees.

When buying, it is better to focus on the material in the form of slabs, the packaging should indicate that the insulation is intended for walls, otherwise after 2-3 years the basalt panels will sit down and cold air will penetrate through the top.

Ecowool

This type of insulation is made from cellulose. There are two ways to insulate with ecowool:

With the help of special equipment, cotton wool particles are mixed with water droplets, this mixture is directed into the space between the cells of the frame. In this case, a dense coating is formed that fills the entire area of \ u200b \ u200bthe walls;

The dry method consists in pouring ecowool particles into the space between the wall panels, after which the mass is compacted.

As a result, layers of insulation are obtained that are not afraid of changes in temperature or humidity, therefore, additional protection with various films is not needed.

The cost of the material and the prices for the work performed are the only negative aspects of this technology.

Glass wool

Produced by melting glass. It is usually sold in the form of rolls. Differs in decent heat-insulating properties and resistance to fire, does not emit toxic substances during combustion.

Be sure to check when buying that the material is intended specifically for the walls.

Bulk materials

This type includes slag, expanded clay, sawdust. They are rarely used, as there are more effective insulation materials.

Sometimes it is used for thermal insulation of the floor, as the first layer, after which other types of insulation are laid, in particular, expanded clay, which does not absorb moisture, does not burn, but its insulating properties are not too high.

The tool you need to work

Do-it-yourself insulation of a frame house does not require any complex devices and fixtures. To carry out the work, you will need the following tools:

Roulette;
Marker (pencil, chalk);
Metal cutting tool - grinder, electric scissors;
A large knife for cutting the insulation material, you can use a homemade one made from an old hacksaw;
Screwdriver for fastening cladding elements;
Construction stapler for fixing the plastic film (if it is not there, you can use a soft wire);
Other tools may be needed - a hair dryer, a hammer, screwdrivers, a jigsaw for wood, and others.

In addition, you need to prepare a stepladder and a long ladder to work on the roof.

Implementation of work - floor insulation

Dirt is removed from the insulated surfaces of the frame, damp areas must be dried with a hairdryer, the gaps in the structure must be filled with polyurethane foam.

If electrical wiring is supposed to be placed inside the walls, then this should be taken care of in advance. The cable should be laid according to the wiring plan, cutting out the necessary technological holes in the ceilings, fixing the junction boxes, marking the position of the switches and sockets.

If the house will be installed: a heating boiler, plumbing, and other additional devices, then all the necessary holes for them (for pipelines, sewage drains, connections) should be done in advance.

To begin with, you should do the waterproofing of the floor. For this, a special film is attached, and each next canvas should overlap the previous one by 5-10 cm. It is targeted with a stapler.

The thermal insulation material is cut into strips or squares, depending on the shape of the cells between the boards (lags), the pieces should fit tightly into their places. Considering that the standard width of a sheet of mineral wool is 60 cm, the cell width should be 58-59 cm. After laying the thermal insulation, cover it on top with a vapor barrier film.

The thickness of the insulation layer can be different. It is necessary to focus on the region of residence and the required degree of insulation: the lower the temperature in winter, the thicker the floor will be and the more layers of mineral wool need to be laid. If several layers are spread, then they should overlap the joints of the previous ones by about 15 cm.

After installing the thermal insulation, cover it on top with a vapor barrier film. For better tightness, you can glue the joints with double-sided tape. This will not only provide good protection against moisture, but also additional protection from the wind.

After that, you can start laying plywood or OSB-board material on the floor, this layer will be the basis for the finished floor.

Do-it-yourself insulation of the walls of a frame panel house is a little more difficult than the floor.

The technology is about the same as for floor insulation.

The wall is sheathed on one side, for example with plywood. There should be gaps between the plates - about 2-3 mm. These gaps can be filled with polyurethane foam, and then cut off the excess protruding above the plane.

After that, you can start stretching the waterproofing film to protect both the frame and the house itself from moisture from the outside. It is recommended to glue the joints with tape (some types of film have self-adhesive strips at the ends).

Now you should lay the insulation plates, if a distance of about 60 cm is maintained between the boards, then the sheets will fit tightly, if not, then you will have to temporarily fix them (you can, for example, stretch a strip of adhesive tape along the entire length of the wall).

The average thickness of the insulation is 15 cm, however, if necessary, several layers can be used with the overlap of those previously laid at the joints, by about 10-15 cm.

A vapor barrier film is stretched over the insulation to protect it from moisture that will come from inside the house. It is necessary to carefully stretch the film at the corners, repeating the contours as accurately as possible, otherwise later difficulties may arise with the final finish.

After fixing the vapor barrier, OSB or plywood panels are nailed, on which finishing materials (wallpaper, tiles, lining) will be attached in the future. To save money, if it is precisely decided to trim with clapboard or similar materials, instead of sheet materials, you can use boards, they can be nailed at some distance from each other.

Advice. Exterior wall decoration can be carried out not only from the inside of the house, but also from the outside. That is, the inner panels are first nailed, and all further operations for laying the cotton wool are carried out from the street.

This can be useful if the house is not very large.

Insulation of internal walls is needed, most of all, for sound insulation, so there is no need to install a film.

For this, soundproofing materials are used, it can be the same mineral wool, foam plates, various combined materials.

Do-it-yourself insulation of a frame house is a responsible process, and when working with a ceiling, it is also not very convenient. It is best to carry out the work while the roof is not yet fully ready, so it will be more convenient to carry out the work.

The rules are simple: a vapor barrier is used again, it is stretched from inside the house and attached to the ceiling beams.

Sheet material (plywood, OSB) or boards are installed on it (a distance of about 40 cm is maintained between the boards).

Mineral wool is laid on top, according to the same rules as in other cases. Overlapping previous joints (with an allowance). It is important to overlap the entire ceiling, together with the planes that are located above the walls.

If the attic is not heated, then a vapor barrier film is not needed. Can be sheathed with sheet material.

Insulation of the ceiling is important, since in case of improper insulation, warm air will very quickly go out of the house through the top.

Roof insulation

It is of great importance if the attic will be heated and used as a living space. In other cases, it is not necessary to carry out work, or you can insulate to a minimum.

There are a number of subtleties that can help you get started:

The most convenient way is insulation outside: the insulation is easier to lay, the film is easier to stretch.

Immediately after installing the truss structure, it is recommended to attach a vapor barrier film, and not it - to nail sheet material or boards.

Using a ladder, you can climb from the outside to the roof slopes and lay out the insulation.

Pull the film from above and install the crate, and then the roof itself.

Features of insulation with various materials

In addition to mineral wool and analogues, various types of insulation are used.

Styrofoam and similar materials

Styrofoam is difficult to lay, avoiding gaps between it and the wooden frame, so you have to carefully foam all defects. Such materials do not allow air to pass through, you need to carefully consider the ventilation of your home. Polyethylene films still need to be used, although the foam is not afraid of moisture, the vapor barrier membrane should protect the frame of the house.

Finally, polystyrene foam is very fond of rodents who make mazes in it, this must be taken into account.

Ecowool

This material, although it allows you to apply it manually, without special equipment, but experts do not advise doing this.

Ecowool shrinks up to about 15% over time, so you will have to make some margin when applying it.

When applied by hand, it is almost impossible to achieve such quality and final thermal insulation properties as when using a special tool.

Expanded clay

It is often used to insulate either the floor or the ceiling; it is possible to insulate the floors between floors. A feature is the need for a good base on which the insulation is laid out. There should be no cracks, otherwise the expanded clay will fall out.

For the best effect, expanded clay is used in the form of the maximum crushed fraction, in combination with materials such as sawdust. In this case, all voids will be filled.

Finally

So, it is not so difficult to insulate a frame house with your own hands, you will not need step-by-step instructions for work. All work on all types of floors is carried out in approximately the same way.

Insulation for the walls of a frame house is selected depending on the structure of the walls, the material of the frame and its thickness. These three indicators are needed for high-quality thermal insulation.

Today we will talk about how to insulate the walls in a frame house and what is best for this. Also on the video in this article you can see different finishing options and choose the desired option from the photo.

Types of frame houses

Insulation will also be selected depending on the material of the frame house. Therefore, before making a decision and such a building, you should choose the right manufacturing material.

There are several options for such structures:

Warming rules for frame houses

Insulation for frame walls is determined from the building itself. There are two options here and how to insulate the walls of a frame house is determined precisely by them.

Let's look at these two options:

Thermal insulation of the walls of a frame house from the inside	For this, only light materials are suitable. The method itself is not effective enough, but if you have a small foundation, then it will work.
Thermal insulation for the walls of the frame house outside	This method is most effective. It is possible to use almost any insulation (if the width of the foundation allows). You do not take up the usable area, so you do not have to save on material thickness.

Attention: How to insulate the walls of a frame house, one should not forget about the insulation parameters. Their thickness affects not only thermal insulation, but also requires additional space. In the photo below, you can see the required parameters.

Choosing a material for thermal insulation

In principle, all work can be done by hand. Instructions for performing insulation work are available for all types of material on our website.

Now we will choose the required insulation. First of all, we do the heat engineering calculation of the frame wall with the materials used. The structure of the insulation and its thermal conductivity are important here. In the photo you can see these indicators.

Now let's look at which insulation is better for the walls of a frame house, depending on the type of material.

Feature of stone wool slab

The most widespread and demanded among developers are the products of such companies as TechnoNIKOL and Rokwool. When choosing an insulating material for the purpose of decorating a house, stone wool slabs are most often used.

Due to the great popularity of their use, several points can be noted that explain this:

For their use and application, no additional devices are required at all. During installation, you will need a regular knife and a hacksaw with fine teeth;
At the initial stage of insulating the frame of the house, a large amount of insulating material will be required, and in this case, you can certainly use paid delivery services. Usually, rarely anyone can accurately calculate the required amount of material, but you can always buy the required amount of material and deliver it yourself or order delivery. And if the structure is small, then you will undoubtedly bring the entire volume of materials that is needed on your own;
When working with this type of materials, you must always know that stone wool slabs must tightly fill the gaps between the posts of frame houses, while you must remember that it is completely forbidden to compress and tamp them!
Further, the insulation materials laid in the place between the racks must be fenced off from moisture, which comes both from the outside and from the outside, and this can be done with the help of a waterproofing film from the outside and a vapor barrier inside. It is important to take into account the prices of these films when calculating the total cost of insulation work with such plates.

Ecowool

Such material as cellulose fibers, in other words "ecowool", also began to be in great demand for insulation. This product is completely natural and does not require additional use of films, which will help you make your home as environmentally friendly as possible.

We will also consider a few points that characterize this material: Ecowool is attached quite simply and this makes it stand out in comparison with other materials.

In order to insulate the walls in a dry way, you will need to open what the packaging contains and beat. Next, the already whipped material is ready to use, which means you can tamp it into the walls to obtain the desired density. You can also use a special machine and blow in the material, which will create the desired density;
This material has, in its own way, shrinkage, which means that dry installation will not always give you exactly the results you want. After shrinkage of the fiber, heat loss occurs, which is a big disadvantage. But it should be noted that when purchasing ecowool, a guarantee is always given for 15-20 years that this material will not shrink;
The wet method assumes that it is necessary to use certain equipment, thanks to which the fiber is sprayed onto the walls, thereby gluing it to the frame. In this case, fiber shrinkage does not occur. This method of insulation should be applied outside the walls before they are clad, but this is not always possible, and this is a disadvantage.

Styrofoam

Looking for information on the forums, you will notice that there are many discussions about the pros and cons of foam as an insulation material (see How to properly insulate a wall with foam tiles). Some believe that this material is not environmentally friendly, when it ignites, it releases hazardous substances into the air, and the possibility of the appearance of rodents is also possible.

But about everything in order:

There are also cases when people insulated their house with expanded polystyrene (see How walls are insulated with expanded polystyrene) and having lived in it for about 5 years were more than satisfied with the quality of the material they chose. Having chosen this material, they did not find any difficulties with well-being, and also noted the absence of rodents.
However, there are episodes when the developer changed the foam completely after a year due to its destruction by rodents. This material should not be discounted, because, like all heaters, it has its pros and cons.
The value of this material is that it does not absorb dampness at all, which means that additional protection methods will not be needed. It is important to take non-pressed foam when choosing polystyrene. This method of insulation is the cheapest in comparison with the others.
But he needs the greatest precision and skill. The specifics of this insulation were mentioned in the article "Step of the racks in a frame house".

Attention: Rodents start in the foam, so it is better not to use it for a private house.

Sprayed heaters

This type of home insulation is not yet widespread enough, and of the most famous materials it is polyurethane foam. Polyurethane foam is two special liquid elements, when mixed in all proportions and exposed to air under pressure, they foam.

When using this material, all the spaces between the racks are filled, and when excess appears, they are cut off. Working with such a heater is a bit similar to working with polyurethane foam (see Liquid insulation for walls: features of use).

This material has its advantages.

Let's consider each of them:

Polyurethane foam is able to interact with absolutely all surfaces that are used in the construction of houses. This material has a special quality that allows it to take various forms, thereby simplifying the application. It is also important that you do not need to process the surface before using the material;
The material itself for insulation is created directly on the spot. Also, transportation costs are reduced, and material consumption is minimal;
Polyurethane foam, due to its structure, is light and airy, which means that it is easy for them to insulate roofs;
By creating coatings with this material, not only wall insulation is created, but also their strength increases;
This material is able to withstand high temperatures, which makes it completely versatile;
The use of polyurethane foam provides a uniform construction of insulation without any joints and seams.

It should also be noted all the disadvantages of this insulation material.

There are only two of these disadvantages:

It wears out quickly if it is constantly exposed to ultraviolet radiation. For the normal functioning of this insulation system, it is necessary to create high-quality protection. Such protection can be plaster or paint, which can protect the material from the sun, and also make the appearance of the insulation more attractive;
It has already been noted in the text that this material for insulation is practically non-flammable, but it begins to smolder when exposed to high temperatures. It is not at all difficult to stop this process, because for this you only need to cool the material. But in places of strong heating of polyurethane foam, it is better to replace the insulating material with another one.

Differences in the insulation of a frame house by materials

Basically, insulation is done when installing the frame. Let's look at how to make a frame for wall insulation in different versions.

Thermal insulation of timber frame houses

The main feature of such houses is that the corners between the logs form cracks that allow wind and frost into the house. It is important, upon the arrival of winter, to correctly and efficiently check the walls on their own from the inside to identify blowing.

Attention: When making a frame for insulation, here it is imperative to take into account the air gap. After all, ventilation is required here. Otherwise, the wall material will quickly deteriorate.

First you need to find all the places that the wind blows. You also need to find areas of the house that get wet. All areas found should be examined for crevices and cracks.
Further, all found crevices and cracks must be properly caulked or filled with foam. If necessary, you can clean the interior of the house from decoration.
It is much more difficult to insulate the ceiling, because it is not always possible to find all the places where heat loss occurs. To eliminate such problems, a variety of sawdust, mineral or ecowool are usually used. The use of loose insulation is simple and for this you only need to crush them yourself.

Attention: It is important to note that the insulation layer must be no more than 15 cm! Most experts in this field do not recommend covering the insulated surfaces with roofing felt and other similar products.

It is better to put such insulation materials from below. When insulating walls, gaps should be made in the corners, along the edges, creating the best insulation. Insulating the walls, the gaps are poured on each side.

Features of the insulation of metal frames

The instruction for insulating the wall of a metal frame house is quite simple. Indeed, in this option, you yourself choose a heater that is placed inside the wall and here it is important to take everything into account at the initial stage of installation.

First of all, we look at what the heating system will be, about which we calculate the thickness of the insulation;
We also pay attention to the foundation of the structure. After all, he should be more than the material of the entire decoration;
We also take into account the ventilation gap, because condensate should not accumulate and the channel itself cannot be less than two cm.

Feature insulation of frame-panel houses

There are a number of types of frame panel houses:

What we pay attention to when carrying out insulation

Consider the features of insulation:

For competent insulation, it is necessary that the thickness of the walls of the structure is accurately calculated, in compliance with all orders and parameters. When insulating such a house, it is necessary to lay insulating materials directly into the wall;
To start insulating such a building as a frame-panel house, you need to carefully process each joint with foam or mastic. The installation of airtight membranes will help to improve the insulation of the walls, as well as to make the house durable and reliable in cold periods;
Before starting the insulation of the frame-panel house, it is necessary to install horizontal profiles, which are fixed with dowels. Further, the walls on each side are sheathed with clapboard. At the same time, it should be noted that the lining must be dry inside, and wet - directly from the outside. Insulation should be laid inside each side;
In such houses, insulation is necessary for both the walls and the floor. Penoizol is often used for floor insulation;
After all the work on the insulation of such a house, each wall should be sheathed with siding or a panel for the facade. The easiest method of insulation is to fill all the gaps between the shields with an insulating material. On top of all this, it is necessary to apply mastic, which will protect the insulation from moisture and ultraviolet radiation.

The technology of insulating metal-frame walls is somewhat different, here it is quite possible to make fastening with simple glue. And the rest of the instructions for choosing a material and installation rules are the same as in other buildings. If you think it over and do it using only high-quality materials, then the energy saving of the premises will be at their best.