How to equip an attic in your house. Successful ideas for arranging the attic

The attic allows you to significantly expand the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe house. At the same time, the arrangement of the roofing floor can be performed even in an already finished building. At the same time, financial costs will be relatively small, because the main necessary structures will already be present, and you can handle all the necessary measures on your own.

First of all, you must make sure that the base of the house can withstand the additional load from the attic floor. If necessary, the foundation must be strengthened or try to transfer new loads to a separate foundation. At this stage, you may need the help of professionals.

Decide on the design of the attic. The sub-roof floor can have a variety of shapes. At the same time, the interior space of the room is given by the features of the roof structure.

The attic roof must be designed in a special way. You will have to get rid of the old rafters and related materials, replacing them with a new system designed to take into account the upcoming loads, angle of inclination and other important design features.

Thus, the truss structure must be calculated and designed in a separate order, specifically for your attic floor.

The most optimal option for the roof structure for the attic floor is a broken gable roof. A gable roof will exert a much more significant load on the walls compared to a shed system. However, you will not find a more convenient roof option for the attic floor.

At the same time, the broken roof will “eat up” the least amount of free space in the attic compared to all other types of roofs.

It is important that the gable roof has a sufficient number of bearing supports. Usually, for the arrangement of such a roof, layered rafters are used. At the same time, the elements of the truss system must be supported by load-bearing walls that can normally withstand the incoming vertical and horizontal loads.

Before starting construction, decide what area the under-roof floor should have, whether you will insulate it and whether it is necessary to equip heating in the attic.

In accordance with your own preferences, draw up (order, find in open sources) an attic project with sketches, drawings, calculations and explanations.

The design documentation should reflect the following important features of the attic:

the presence of additional partitions and load-bearing walls;
number of window openings;
features of the internal structure of the roof;
type of roofing material, etc.

After that, calculate the required amount of materials for arranging the attic. It is best to make an attic using the same materials from which the building itself is built (brick, blocks, etc.).

If the attic is planned to be used exclusively for seasonal living, you can make it from more budget materials. Usually in such situations, wood is used. This material goes well with most existing building materials and is perfect for arranging an attic.

Proceed to the arrangement of a wooden frame - the foundation of the roof. Choose suitable places to place the blocks needed for arranging partitions.

First you will need to lay out the exterior and gable walls. Proceed with the arrangement of the roof of the attic only after the construction of the house itself is completed.

To assemble the frame, use a high-quality wooden beam measuring 15x5 cm. In the process of performing each stage of work, be guided by the sketches and drawings you have. It is impossible to explain everything in words alone.

First step

Reinforce the existing structure with slings. To strengthen the runs, use special support blocks in the form of the letter U. Blocks are installed and filled with cement mortar. Such hardening will prevent further cracking of the walls.

Second step

Build the capital gable walls and proceed to the construction of the attic. After installing all the necessary walls, proceed with the installation of the elements of the truss system.

Third step

Install the rafters in accordance with the project documentation and make sure that the installed system is reliable.

First you need to install the runs, and after that fix the rafters. First you need to lay out the stepped wall bevels, and then equip the partitions of the attic floor. Be sure to check the evenness of the arrangement of the elements of the truss system.

Fourth step

Align the bevels of the gable walls with a band saw.

Fifth step

Nail the battens to the rafters for the installation of thermal insulation material. Fix the waterproofing, insulation and vapor barrier, and then stuff another layer of boards on top of the waterproofed thermal insulation.

sixth step

Lay the selected finish on the crate. It is better that the finishing roofing material is as reliable and of high quality as possible, so that the attic is cozy, warm and safe.

After completing the work on the arrangement of the walls and roof of the attic, proceed to the insulation and internal arrangement of the under-roof space.

To insulate the attic, you can use a variety of materials. For example, mineral wool insulation, polystyrene foam, all kinds of blocks, etc. are very well suited to perform such work. One of the most preferred thermal insulation materials is fiberboard. It is on the example of this material that the procedure for warming the attic room will be considered.

In the case of using slabs with a thickness of 1.2 cm, the thermal insulation characteristics of such insulation will be similar to the properties of a wall laid out in brick, or a finish made of boards with a thickness of about 5 cm.

In addition, the plates have good sound insulation performance. Factory treatment with antiseptic preparations makes the material resistant to adverse external factors, and the relatively low price allows almost everyone to buy such plates.

The most suitable material for attic insulation is fiberboard

On the one hand, the plates have a slightly corrugated texture, and on the other they are smooth. To cut the plates, you can use an ordinary sharp knife. The material is not particularly afraid of temperature and humidity changes. At the same time, work on thermal insulation of surfaces using fiberboard will not take much effort and time.

In conclusion, on the smooth side of the fiberboard (smooth is the front one), you can glue the wallpaper or perform another finish at your discretion.

Walls

Traditionally, thermal insulation work begins with wall insulation. It is enough to fix the plates with nails. Previously, duralumin plates should be placed under the caps of the fasteners. Place the nails themselves in a checkerboard pattern.

If the walls are not made of wood, you may need to use other fasteners. Focus on the situation.

For fixing plates to plastered surfaces, you can also use PVA glue or various types of adhesive mastics.

Ceiling

At the stage of ceiling sheathing, try to enlist the support of at least one assistant - the plates are quite large and it is not very convenient to mount them alone.

Sheathing is carried out according to an extremely simple scheme: the plate is carefully applied to the attachment point and fixed using T-supports made of boards, nails and duralumin plates. Wear safety goggles at this stage.

The floor can be insulated using two methods.

In accordance with the first method, first the surface is covered with a double layer of roofing material, after which the fiberboard is fixed on top, and then the finishing floor is installed.

In accordance with the second option, fiberboard boards are nailed to the floor, and carpet is glued on top of them. This cover is very comfortable. For added convenience, it is recommended to impregnate it with a special composition that makes further care of the carpet easier.

Before gluing the carpet, it must be unfolded and kept in the room for 7-10 days. Fiberboard boards are pre-coated with glue. After gluing the fiberboard, you need to additionally press it to the surface with the help of boards and leave to dry for a day.

In conclusion, you will only have to complete a number of works on the internal improvement of the attic. Start from the ceiling.

Ceiling

The best option is the arrangement of a light suspended ceiling. For the construction of such a design, lining is well suited. You can also use hardboard, plywood or other materials suitable for this.

It is more convenient to first make the ceiling in size, and then attach it to the crossbar of the truss truss.

Walls

Nail the crossbars from a quality wooden beam to the rafters. Nail the selected finishing material to the frame. The best option is a wooden lining.

niches

In places where niches are formed (and they will definitely be present due to the peculiarities of the roof structure), you can nail drywall or other suitable material, creating compact cabinets for storing various kinds of accessories.

Depending on the available space on the attic floor, you can equip a bedroom, an office, a children's room. Focus on the specifics of your situation.

Lighting

Consider the arrangement of attic lighting. The best option is to organize local lighting in each corner of the room. So the interior of the attic will be the most expressive.

In matters of furnishing and further arrangement of the under-roof floor, be guided by your needs and possibilities.

Successful work!

Video - Do-it-yourself attic construction

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With a sufficient height of the roof of a private house, free space remains inside, called the attic. From today's review, you will find out what its features are, what rooms can be equipped there. The materials used for finishing surfaces and floors will be considered, do-it-yourself attic finishing options, photos and tips for arranging it will be shown.

Exquisite combination of unusual configuration and finish texture

The word "mansard" owes its origin to the name of an architect from France. Francois Mansart in 1630 used the space under the roof for residential and household needs. In the 9th century, mostly poor people and servants settled in rooms equipped under the roofs of houses.

Today, this part of the building is regulated by SP 54.13330.2011. In this regulatory document, the attic is defined as a floor located in the attic space, part of the surfaces of which is formed by a roof - broken, sloping or curved. The attic is heated and has sufficient lighting.

If the attic area is quite spacious, then in the spirit of modern trends, you can equip a stylish space that combines a living room and. In such a situation, comfort is greatly increased.

Living room.

Equipping the space for the living room, you need to provide additional windows, as this room should be well lit. To create a cozy home environment, comfortable, tables, a sofa are installed. The decorative fireplace fits perfectly. To hold family gatherings here, they install shelves with books and a TV.

Children's room.

A growing child needs to allocate personal space. With a shortage of space for these purposes, an excellent option would be to arrange an attic in a wooden house. A photo of some options will allow you to evaluate the practical meaning of the idea.

In such a space, you can make a cozy corner in which middle-aged children will feel like full owners. They install convenient cabinets for storing various items, equip a sleeping place, leaving the middle segment free so that the child can play.

The window should give enough light. For the design of window openings, comfortable or blinds are used so that the regulation of light fluxes can be allowed.

Playroom.

Often family members are addicted to some kind of gaming activities. To ensure complete comfort, you can install in the attic, for example, billiards. Complement the decor with a sofa on which they lay out their favorite board games.

Sports room.

Exercise machines often do not have a place in living rooms, so lovers of an active lifestyle will like equipment in the attic. Here you can put simulators, place a sports wall, given that you need to make a reliable soundproofing of the floor. The attic room is not suitable for heavy sports. Here they do not lift or throw kettlebells and barbells.

Restroom.

You can create an attic design aimed at relaxation with the help of a decorative fireplace, which enchants with the play of flame. They put floor lamps, armchairs, sofas, a coffee table, place a TV.

Wardrobe.

By installing rods with hangers and equipping shelves along the walls, you can turn the former attic space into a convenient and comfortable one. If necessary, there is a place for built-in cabinet furniture, which allows you to conveniently place all the necessary items of clothing. They are now easy to find and try on.

Bathroom.

You can even equip an additional one under the roof, providing reliable waterproofing and making the necessary communications.

Kitchen.

The option of placing the kitchen in the attic space must be carefully considered at the planning stage of the alteration. For a family with children, this may not be a very good solution, while a young couple of romantics in love will be able to get an unusual, sophisticated room.

Tasting room.

An unexpected and original design solution for the attic floor is the equipment of a cozy tasting room with comfortable sofas and a buffet. Here you can put a display cabinet for dishes and create a great environment for communicating with friends.

With a creative approach to solving the interior of the attic room, it is possible to turn the unusual configuration formed by the roof slopes into advantages. Even in such conditions, elements of certain style directions can be introduced.

Country - characteristic is the predominance of natural finishes. The most commonly used materials are wood. Among the color palette, preference is given to natural tones, pastel shades, floral ornaments.

Minimalism - this direction involves the use in the interior of only the necessary pieces of furniture of a simple form with calm facades in color and a minimum of bright accents.

Classic - if it is supposed to create a design for the attic floor of a wooden house with elements of noble classics, then pastel and chocolate tones, solid wood furniture, and luxurious curtains on the windows are selected for decoration. This attic design option does not tolerate fuss and variegation.

Scandinavian style - if you analyze the photo of the attic design with elements of the Scandinavian style, you can understand that it is based on natural shades and materials. The wall, ceiling and other surfaces are made in an achromatic light color. The lines are clear, straight, without pretentiousness.

There are many photo options for finishing the attic on the Internet. We were able to present only a small part of them. An analysis of harmoniously executed interiors makes it possible to evaluate your own creative possibilities and develop an exclusive project.

Types of materials for finishing the attic

In order to choose the right options for finishing the attic with your own hands after viewing the photo, you need to have information about the range of materials used for this purpose. The main selection criteria are modern decorative characteristics, environmental safety, successful performance of the role of a heat insulator, good performance.

clapboard

Finishing the attic with clapboard is especially popular due to the convenient installation system and obtaining a flat plane with a noble wood texture.

Separate dies are tightly connected with a tongue and groove. There is a docking option using a single groove. In such a situation, the joints are additionally closed with a narrow rail. The optimal width of the wooden lining is 10 cm. For the attic, a material with good moisture resistance should be selected.

The modern version of eurolining has a wider tongue of 8 mm, which avoids the appearance of cracks and crevices during shrinkage. There are also special ventilation grooves on the reverse side. Width varies between 60-160 mm. Depending on the connection method, Softline and Standard are distinguished.

MDF panels

Often used for finishing the attic MDF panels, which have a decorative coating with imitation of various materials, including colored mosaics, wood, marble. The advantage is light weight. It should be borne in mind that this type of finish is best suited for office equipment, home gym or.

It has good thermal insulation characteristics, is an excellent sound insulation. For installation, it is not necessary to carry out a perfect alignment of the surfaces. For installation, a wooden crate is stuffed with a step that takes into account the dimensions of the material. Special brackets are used as fasteners.

Related article:

and for what kind of work is it suitable? From this article, you can learn the important characteristics of this material, its advantages over alternatives, and a lot of other useful information.

Drywall

The attic finishing with drywall, which is gaining more and more popularity, is based on the low cost, ease of installation and environmental safety of this material. For the attic, plates with a thickness of 12.5 mm are suitable. If additional sound insulation is required, then you can finish in two layers or take a thicker material. If it is difficult to lift sheets 120 cm wide, then you should purchase material 60–90 cm wide and 130 cm long. Due to the rather large sizes of the sheets, installation is carried out quickly and efficiently.

It remains to seal the joints with reinforcing tape, putty and finish by painting, applying or.

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PVC panels

Modern panels made of polyvinyl chloride - PVC, are resistant to fire. They do not harbor fungus. On smooth surfaces, this material can be fixed with glue.

The advantage is a fairly extensive color palette and a variety of ornamental solutions. Among the shortcomings, there is the possibility of cracking upon impact, poor UV resistance, and a decrease in strength during sudden temperature changes.

Related article:

In the review, we will consider the advantages and disadvantages of the material, varieties, sizes, characteristics of ceiling and wall products, average prices, selection criteria, do-it-yourself installation.

OSB

The variety of finishing materials allows you to create internal surfaces of the desired texture and color shade.

Finishing attic floor: options

As various photos show, the decoration inside the attic is not limited to slopes and walls. Much attention is paid to the floor. After cleaning the base from dirt and dust, placing waterproofing, vapor barrier and plywood subfloor, the following materials can be used as a finishing coat:

Floor design options with modern materials are shown in the photo.

The color scheme and texture of the flooring are selected taking into account the general.

Self-finishing an attic with a sloping roof: photos, nuances

A sloping roof allows you to expand the space under it and increase the usable area allocated for arranging the attic.

This design is one of the varieties of a gable roof with a more complex configuration. The name is due to the presence of broken lines.

The advantages of this roofing solution include the possibility of arranging a spacious attic floor. Thanks to the broken silhouette of the roof, the room acquires an original appearance. And the building looks presentable and luxurious. When performing competent installation of interior decoration, heat losses are reduced.

Given the complicated configuration, it is necessary to approach the selection of the attic arrangement option more carefully. If it is decided to cut window openings on the slopes, then the installation of special roof windows will be required.

It is also possible not to install inclined types of windows, preferring window openings located on the front section of the attic wall. This option is easier to install.

When planning the decoration of the attic, one should turn the design features of the sloping roof into advantages, focusing on interesting bends. To make it more convenient to place furniture, the walls are most often finished with drywall, wood, creating additional planes.

If the room is small in size, they select compact low furniture that can be conveniently placed in the allotted space.

Increasingly, sloping roofs are becoming commonplace in private homes. This is explained by the possibility of designing the upper room as a full-fledged living room, which allows you to complement the appearance of the building with balconies, expressive structural elements.

The interior of the attic is determined by the preferences of the owners. Here you can equip a comfortable living room, cozy bedroom or combine several functional areas. Given the fairly spacious volume of such a room, you can do it. An excellent solution is wallpaper in the attic with a slope. Photos of the interior can be seen below.

Finishing is used in a variety of ways. It can be a cozy tree, affordable modern MDF boards, or a creative one.

Finishing the attic floor with your own hands: the main stages

In order to independently finish the attic of a wooden house inside, a photo of the phased work will help you understand the basic subtleties of the work. This does not always require the hand of a professional.

Room preparation

At the stage of preparing the attic space for alteration, a detailed examination of all available surfaces is carried out. They clean the slopes of roofs and walls from dirt and dust. Align, if necessary, the draft floor. If you plan to equip a bathroom or kitchen, make holes for pipes and.

Frame installation

If the room has a small area, wooden blocks are selected for the frame. For spacious rooms, you can use metal profiles. First, guides are installed, and then, taking into account the dimensions of the selected insulation, vertical profiles are fixed with self-tapping screws.

If the frame will be made of wood, then the slats are treated with protective equipment. Fasten with self-tapping screws in the same sequence as the metal profiles.

Warming and waterproofing

The waterproofing material is cut into sheets of the required size. To fix them on surfaces, a construction stapler is used. Separate pieces of waterproofing are applied with an overlap to ensure tightness. Then comes the insulation layer.

Advice! For the attic, you can use mineral wool, expanded polystyrene, extruded polyurethane foam, glass wool, ecowool. Separate insulation boards are inserted tightly into the frame cells. For additional fastening, you can use liquid nails or wooden slats.

A gap is provided to allow air circulation.

Then the vapor barrier is fixed with brackets.

Finishing material

It is necessary to start facing when all operations for warming surfaces are completed. Most often, drywall sheets are nailed to the prepared frame. This will allow you to decorate it in any color in the future. Wanting to get an image of retro rustic comfort, they finish the internal planes with clapboard or block house. If sheathing with plywood sheets is chosen, then their orientation is carried out in a checkerboard pattern. It is taken into account that this material is not suitable for rooms with high humidity.

Below are the finish options.

Recently, more and more often, during the construction of private houses, an attic under a roof is equipped as a residential one. The first such arrangement was proposed by the French architect Francois Mansart, so the room was called the attic.

Peculiarities

Due to its non-standard size and shape, the attic brings a lot of difficulties in planning.

The design of the attic floor depends on the functional purpose of the room. Here you can arrange any interiors: a recreation area with a home theater, a nursery, a bedroom, a study. First of all, the project for arranging the attic should take into account the wishes of the owners, the dimensions of the room and the height of the ceiling.

One of the features of the attic floor in a wooden house is sloping walls. The shape of the attic space is influenced by the slope of the roof. In a private building, it can be single-slope or gable, less often there are options with hipped and sloping roofs.

The following factors can become distinctive features of the attic:

low ceiling;
rafters and roof beams;
a large number of corners;
stairs;
a small number of windows;
difficulty in communication. As a rule, the attic is not heated, especially in the country.

The attic floor allows owners to get real benefits from turning it into a living space, as the usable area increases and heat losses are reduced.

Given all the features, experts advise when arranging this territory to fulfill the following requirements:

Roof insulation inside and out.
Summing up engineering communications: electricity, ventilation, air conditioning systems.
Only specialists can reconstruct the rafters, so if the project provides for this, it is better to use their services.
A rational approach to the use of beams, roof slopes, support posts in the interior.

Smart lighting scheme. It is necessary to think over the location of the windows, their sizes. Designers offer to take advantage of the possibility of installing vertical windows or in lucarnes (the so-called dormer window).
Use moisture resistant materials when finishing.
Consider the ability of floors to withstand the weight of all structural additions and furniture.
Don't clutter up the space.

Training

Before turning the attic floor of a country house into a functional room, you first need to design the interior. When preparing, it is necessary to take into account all the nuances: the shape of the ceiling and walls, the presence or absence of communications, the possibility of summing up additional engineering systems, the degree of illumination, and the like.

In the simplest case, when global changes are not needed, only cosmetic repairs are carried out, which is aimed at the improvement of non-residential premises.

A lot depends on the shape of the roof., it can be broken, beveled, domed, single-slope and gable. Therefore, inside there are necessarily open rafters and beams. Some designers use these elements in interior design, focus on them, others suggest hiding them, but on condition that the ceiling height allows.

The simplest finish is wood. To do this, use the available material in the form of lining, wood panels or edged boards. The modern construction market also offers wooden wallpaper or a block house.

At the initial stage, it is necessary to bring the communication system. The task will be simplified if the attic is located above the kitchen or bathroom on the first floor. Installation must be done correctly, so if you do not have the skills and permissions necessary for this, it is better to seek help from professionals.

Insulation of the attic is an important process. If the attic will be used regularly, and not only during the summer season, then thermal insulation is necessary. This will prevent condensation, improve the microclimate, and make you feel comfortable in the warmth of your home. Warming is carried out not only from the inside, but also from the outside. Sound insulation of the floor is necessary in some cases, but it also serves as thermal insulation.

The next step in the improvement of the attic is the replacement of old and the installation of new windows.

As a rule, the attic window is initially one. When arranging the attic, it is important to ensure good lighting of the room, so it is better if there are more of them. Experts recommend placing them on different walls for greater efficiency. The level of illumination can be adjusted by the ratio of the area of the glass surface.

A feature of roof windows is the width of the windows, which cannot exceed the distance between the rafters. The length depends on the slope of the roof.

Depending on the method of installation, windows are classified into vertical, inclined and for flat roofs. The last two types should be made of tempered glass to protect them from hail.

Inclined double-glazed windows are installed in the same plane as the roof slope, which increases the light intensity by 30% or more.

To install a vertical window, you must first install a structure in the form of a birdhouse with an individual roof. The throughput is lower than that of inclined ones.

If it is planned to independently replace old windows with modern ones, they plan in advance their dimensions and installation location.

Installation begins with cutting a window opening in the roof slope. If the tie-in occurs between the rafters, then it is better to provide a distance from them to the window of at least 10 cm.

Old houses were equipped with mortise window frames. Modern technologies allow the installation of new double-glazed windows with tempered glass, providing increased strength. The opening mechanisms are being improved, which makes it possible to rotate the frames around any axis, and this can be done not only manually, but also using the remote control.

Skylights solve several functional tasks: they illuminate the room with natural light, provide ventilation and improve the microclimate.

Panoramic structures allow you to increase the luminous flux, introduce an original decor element, and get aesthetic pleasure from the landscape. Modern technologies have made it possible to install different types of windows, for example, transforming into a mini-balcony. The variety of forms that manufacturers produce is amazing. Simple lines are used less and less; windows in the form of a circle, semicircle, angular, asymmetric have become more common.

For the design of attic window structures, it is better to use special blinds or roller shutters. They are available both indoors and outdoors. If the interior is supposed to have textile curtains, then in order to hold them in the desired position, there are various holders, linings, supports and fasteners.

Ceiling finish

When landscaping the attic for finishing the ceiling, you can use any known methods and materials.

Stretch ceiling is advised to use only if there is a sufficient height of the walls otherwise there is a risk of frequent damage. This option is very convenient, because the canvas, due to its light weight, does not have a big effect on the structures, allows you to hide the elements of engineering communications and rafters, and makes it possible to fantasize with lighting using built-in lights.

photos

Drywall is one of the affordable and easy ways to finish. With it, you can get any shape, for example, a multi-level ceiling with various drops and protrusions. Drywall allows surfaces to be leveled before wallpapering or painting.

Wood is a traditional material for finishing the attic space. For the ceiling, lining or wooden panels are used. Wallpaper on the ceiling looks original. It should be remembered that the surface must be leveled before gluing.

Floor cladding

As a rule, special requirements are imposed on the floor on the upper floors.

First of all, it must provide good sound insulation. To do this, it is necessary to mount the crate and fill it with a heat insulator in the form of plates, for example, mineral wool. It also performs the function of waterproofing. From above, cover the structure with pine boards, you can use larch material. It is recommended to treat the resulting flooring with an antiseptic.

The floor covering is very diverse. For these purposes, any finishing material is used: linoleum, parquet board, laminate, carpet, ceramic tiles. Experts advise not to save on the quality of the coating, since low-grade materials will require an early replacement.

You can not refuse when decorating the attic and such decorative elements as carpets. They serve as a heater, and also decorate any interior, adding comfort. The dimensions of the carpets do not have to be large and cover the entire floor, small models are enough near the bed, sofa, bath.

Walls

The most popular when decorating the walls of the attic tree. It improves the microclimate, serves as thermal insulation. Lining is leading in use. It is produced in several versions, is affordable and easy to process. There are several laying methods that allow you to add decorativeness to the walls: horizontal, vertical, diagonal, in a circle, herringbone. The lining is varnished on top to leave a natural wood pattern or painted in different colors.

A more budget option is wood paneling. These can be laminated models, veneered chipboard or MDF.

The modern version is wooden wallpaper, which is a base with softwood planks glued to it. Such material reduces repair time.

The block house is also in demand for wall cladding in country houses, in particular, in the attic. Its rounded front surface imitates a natural log or bar.

Plastic panels are appropriate when decorating bathrooms or kitchens on the attic floor. They protect against dirt and moisture. In addition, their color scheme embodies any design ideas.

Recently, designers often offer unique seamless wall drapery with fabric. The attic made in this way will become unique.

The loft style in the interior of the attic presupposes the presence of raw wood, so you can leave the walls of wooden beams or bricks intact.

Also, one of the oldest methods of processing walls is pasting them with wallpaper. However, it should be noted that before that they must be leveled with drywall, and this will reduce the space. Manufacturers offer a wide range of wallpapers: vinyl, paper, glass, cork, etc. Designers do not recommend pasting all the walls with material with a large pattern. It is better to focus on one of the walls or emphasize architectural ledges, arches, corners, and cover the rest of the surface with plain wallpaper. A small ornament in pastel colors is suitable for the Provence style.

Drywall when decorating walls is used only as a base or for leveling. From above it is always covered with wallpaper, acrylic paint or other finishing materials.

Color solutions

The attic room has a specific shape and lighting. Designers most often suggest using light shades for decoration. You can use different texture and color contrasts to make the space feel deeper.

For example, if the ceiling in the attic is covered with a dark stretch fabric, then it is better if its surface is glossy, then the reflected light will expand the walls. In the case when the floor is made in darkish shades, designers advise dazzling white walls, this will create the illusion of endless distance.

Experts warn that in no case should small attics be overloaded with bulky objects and use a lot of dark colors. Bright rich colors can be used as accents, as their excess will cause an oppressive feeling.

Often the owners of private houses leave wooden floors, covering them with a transparent varnish to emphasize the wood structure.

The nuances of interior design

The improvement of the attic space must be approached very carefully and prudently. It is important to think over in advance all possible ideas for using architectural features: beams, rafters, arches, slopes, unusual angles, racks. Living space can benefit from this.

Experts advise not to get carried away by cluttering up space and try to use natural materials for decoration. Textiles for curtains and furniture are better to choose pastel shades.

Furniture for the attic is always multifunctional. Bulky elements are out of place. It is better to give preference to modular systems. An excellent option are built-in and hinged structures. It may be necessary to make furniture to order in order to fit it to the configuration of a particular roof.

Attic decor is best done depending on the functions that the room performs. To decorate the interior with your own hands, you first need to draw up a design project. If certain experience and skills are not enough, you can use the services of professionals. It should be remembered that the simple option is always the best.

Since the houses in summer cottages and garden plots are small, they either do not imply a second floor, or it is very small. Therefore, in the country attic, they usually organize a bedroom or a workshop.

If a country house is intended for permanent residence, then the attic floor performs various functional tasks. The list of possible interiors includes: a kitchen, a bathroom, a nursery, a library, an office, a recreation area with a cinema, billiards, a dressing room.

The style pleases with a variety of possible options - from light Provence to a modern loft, from classic to avant-garde, from a mountain chalet to a Mediterranean bungalow.

There are certain rules that must be followed when designing attic spaces. Then the interior will be filled with coziness and comfort. For example, a low ceiling surface is not an obstacle, but it should not be tightened with a stretch ceiling, it is better to process it with wood. The staircase, which is always a dangerous place, must be equipped with a fall protection system: railings, doors, fences are required.

The unusual shape of the roof in a small space, as a rule, takes up part of the usable space. But with proper lighting and design, this feature can be interesting to beat.

Equipping a small attic, it is necessary to think over the ergonomics of each element of the interior. Furniture is better to buy built-in and multifunctional. Block storage systems are designed to make this task easier.

Children's

Unusual shapes and sizes of the attic are just right for arranging a children's room. Designers use height differences and unexpected wall reliefs to decorate the play area.

The nature of the attic floor involves the organization of a variety of places to store toys, bedding, crafts, books. In addition, it will be better if the nursery provides places not only for recreation and games, but also for classes.

In the presence of small children, the attic should be well insulated, it is better to lay soft flooring, finishing materials are used natural and harmless. It is recommended to equip the window opening mechanism with an “anti-child” element so that the kids cannot accidentally open the sash.

When creating an attic nursery, it is necessary to consider the abundance of natural light, as well as artificial lighting.

The nature of the room allows you to experiment with color, use unusual forms of furniture and lamps, zone the space to create a colorful and bright interior.

When arranging the attic floor, it is important to remember that children love to run, jump and jump, which can create discomfort for those living on the first floor, so it is recommended to soundproof the floor in the nursery.

Wardrobe

The owners will appreciate the lack of wardrobes in all rooms and the arrangement of a centralized dressing room on the attic floor. This will save usable living space for more functional things.

The organization of the wardrobe in the attic does not require a large area and will allow you to use any asymmetrical architectural features of the room.

It is better to place wardrobes along high walls, drawers and shelves for shoes, clothes and accessories can be placed in niches, under bevels or built into the space between the beams.

If it is not possible to install hinged doors, it is necessary to consider the possibility of installing sliding and sliding models, as well as in the form of blinds.

Furniture for the attic dressing room is appropriate modular. Storage systems should be multifunctional. Roll-out and retractable elements will help you get to the farthest corners and use all the available space rationally. Curbstones are recommended to be used as storage places and as stools for sitting.

To increase the functionality of the attic, you can install a washing machine and dryer, a clothes steamer, and an ironing board in it. Sometimes the owners also store other household appliances, such as a vacuum cleaner, right there.

If the attic is intended only as a storage system, then built-in lighting or conventional lamps are sufficient. In the case of wider use of the dressing room, the placement of lighting fixtures should take into account the functional features of each section of the room. For example, in the ironing area or near a large mirror, bright light is needed.

In order to prevent the appearance of a musty smell or dampness, it is necessary to think over the ventilation system correctly.

Bathroom

As a rule, a bathroom is rarely located on the attic floor of a small house. In large cottages, the bathroom is organized as an additional bathroom to the bedroom or guest room.

It is best to consider the location of the bathroom already at the design stage of the house., since this will require complex engineering communications: sewerage, ventilation, water supply, electricity. In addition, the attic must be insulated with high quality so that during cold periods being in the bathroom does not bring inconvenience.

It would be nice if there was a kitchen or a bathroom on the first floor under the attic. In this case, it is more convenient to install communications for the attic bathroom.

Architectural asymmetry in the design should be used to your advantage. To do this, under the bevels, it is better to build in storage systems for hygiene products or household chemicals, a washbasin or a toilet bowl. Furniture and plumbing, taking into account the ergonomics of the attic, are advised to choose a compact and multifunctional one. Built-in or hanging cabinets and shelves will save usable space.

The bath is recommended to be installed near a wall or in a corner. If the attic area is limited, then you can limit yourself to a shower cabin.

Any color scheme for the attic bathroom is appropriate, but in the presence of a small area, it must be remembered that the dark color narrows the room. Glass and mirror elements, the presence of chrome parts will add airiness and modernity. The glossy surface of the ceiling or floor will visually expand the walls of the attic.

The main requirement for finishing materials is moisture resistance. Stretch fabric or plastic panels will look great on the ceiling. Flooring is appropriate in the form of ceramic tiles, plastic or parquet boards. Wall cladding involves the use of any waterproof material.

Experts assure that in the bathroom you can abandon the central chandelier, and use only built-in lights. You will need to install additional lighting in the wash area. In other cases, point light sources are decorative.

Bedroom

If the attic floor is spacious enough, then it will be possible to organize a bedroom for 2-3 people. In the case of a limited area, you can equip a recreation area for one tenant.

It is better to install berths in roof slope areas to save usable space. In case of psychological rejection of a low ceiling above your head during sleep, you should place the bed in the center of the attic with gable ceilings.

If there is free space in the bedroom, you can additionally organize a dressing area or a separate bathroom.

The design of the attic sleeping area looks best in a rustic or classic style., however, do not give up on modern trends: loft or modern. Naturally looks in the bedroom decoration with wood or wallpaper. A variety of textile elements will create a cozy atmosphere. The color scheme is best used in soft soothing colors.

Living room

If there is enough space, the attic floor can be turned into a cozy living room or a fireplace room, where all family members will gather and guests will be accommodated.

The fireplace in the attic can play both a practical and a decorative role. When installing it, you must understand that the traditional massive structure is not suitable for the second floor. It is better to give preference to lighter compact models made of heat-resistant steel or cast iron. For the same reason, experts recommend abandoning heavy facing materials such as natural stone. Most often, electric fireplaces or fireplace inserts on pellets are used for heating. Decorative bio-fireplaces will bring a feeling of coziness and spiritual comfort to the interior. If the fireplace area in the attic does not serve as a decoration, but performs a heating function, then it is important to foresee a smoke exhaust system and a place to store fuel.

Furniture in light colors in the living room looks elegant. Glass and mirror partitions, well-built lighting will create a light, relaxed atmosphere.

Bright contrasts are also appropriate in the interior of the attic living room. In this case, it is better not to overload the room with furniture and other elements, since the main focus is color.

Any style will be appropriate, the main thing is that it matches the tastes of the owners, corresponds to their interests, and creates a mood.

Designers advise several styles for the attic living room.

Classical- a solid style with its inherent luxury and grace. More often the fireplace becomes the center of the interior. The design does not include bright colors. Everything has order and functional significance.

Modern- harmonious minimalism. The whole situation bears the seal of practicality, maximum functionality. Simplicity is present in every detail. Dark details are combined with pastel colors, creating harmony.

Retro. For decoration, interior elements left over from great-grandmothers or stylized for them are suitable. The design involves the use of paintings, floor lamps, wooden chairs or tables with wrought iron legs. The installation of a fireplace or a cast-iron potbelly stove is also characteristic.

Provence- sophistication and romanticism of the French countryside. Wood trim, bleached by the southern sea sun, is appropriate. Pastel textiles with a small pattern are welcome. Forged furniture elements, crystal lamps, soft cushions for sitting on chairs and benches, light curtains on the windows - all these details will create a cozy soulful atmosphere in the attic living room.

High tech- the style of admirers of modern creativity. The decoration uses modern materials: chrome, glass, metal and their variations. The severity of forms and minimalism of color create the illusion of space.

If the attic has a vertical wall on the pediment, then you can equip a home cinema with a large screen, where it is convenient to relax with a large company or retire together to watch your favorite movies.

gaming

Designers often offer to organize a billiard room in the attic. For this, of course, a large area is needed, since the playing area is rather big, and even a place for recreation needs to be provided. The table is usually set in the center of the room. Near the wall, you can place a narrow bar counter with several chairs. To store cues, balls and other accessories, you should organize either wall mounts or built-in ones. If the area of the attic floor allows you to zone the space, then in one part you can place a comfort zone for fans with a soft sofa and armchairs.

If the country house has a large attic, then you can organize a mini-gym in it. Experts warn that this is possible subject to strong and reliable floors. Lots of the attic floor with low ceilings are used for storing sports equipment and for recreation. The rest of the space can be filled with simulators or left empty to conduct classes.

The attic can be used not only as a children's playroom, but also as a gathering place for the whole family and guests. To do this, it is enough to divide the room into several sections. In one, organize a zone for video games, in the other - for desktop. To equip the first, it is important to install a large screen and a sofa opposite it. Systems for storing disks, joysticks and other devices are best built into the walls. Board games require a level surface, so you will need a coffee table. The sofa and ottomans should be placed around it. Game boxes can be stored either on a shelf under the table or inside poufs.

Kitchen-dining room

It is better to provide for the arrangement of a kitchen room in the attic at the design stage and laying the house. The fact is that it will be necessary to bring communications: gas, water, electricity.

Modular kitchen systems will facilitate the design and allow you to create a functional room. Designers offer to take into account and make the most of all the nuances of the attic layout.

The use of multi-level furniture on wheels or skids will ensure its mobility, which will further increase functionality. Materials should be light, shapes not bulky.

Lighting must be provided in advance. The kitchen requires a lot of light, so there should be at least two windows. Recessed lights around the perimeter of the attic kitchen and spotlights above the work surface are the best solution.

The color scheme does not limit the owners in anything. It is optimal to use bright colors for furniture modules, light colors for walls and ceilings, and dark shades for floors.

If the kitchen and dining room are combined into one, then you need to visually zone the space. The best place for a table is by the window. If the shape of the roof is gable or domed, then it is appropriate to place a table in the center of the room. Recently, transparent models of kitchen furniture made of glass and plastic are gaining popularity, which brings an element of airiness into the room.

Cabinet

You can't imagine a better place for privacy than an attic. Therefore, the attic floor is most appropriate for organizing a study, library or workshop.

Arrangement is possible even with a small space. It is difficult to find a place to do needlework, modeling or reading in a small garden house, but an attic space will allow you to get such a cozy corner even on a few square meters.

Under the bookcases it is convenient to use the built-in shelves between the beams, under the bevels of the roof, between the windows. Closed mobile boxes on wheels are suitable for storing tools and stationery. In addition, they can be used as stools.

Often, designers suggest using window sills as a convenient storage area that performs the additional function of a bench. If you decorate it with textile pillows and a blanket, then you can take a nap on it or read a book near the window.

Experts suggest not to sheathe beams and rafters, not to hide them, but to use them for built-in lighting, suspended structures or fastening household appliances.

The working area requires a lot of light, so it is better to place the table near the window. If possible, it is better to increase the area of \u200b\u200bwindow structures, embed additional ones. Panoramic double-glazed windows will not only increase the luminous flux, but will also give you the opportunity to rest your eyes and enjoy the landscape after work. Artificial light sources should be installed in the working area and as a backlight around the entire perimeter of the attic.

Ventilation in the office is an important element of comfort, so roof windows are equipped with a ventilation system. If you plan to work in the attic all year round, then you may need to install an air conditioner. In the warm period, it will save you from the heat, since the summer sun heats the roof first. In the cold season, you may need a heater, fortunately, there are a great many of them on the market: infrared, electric, water, oil.

Furniture in the attic office should be at least, and each element is functionally justified. As a rule, its presence is due to the nature of the room. The desk is installed stationary or folding with a small area. If there are more writing zones than one, there will be more tables, respectively. The number of chairs depends on how many workplaces are organized. The minimalist style is the best option for arranging an office or workshop in the attic, since it is characterized by the rational use of space.

If the attic floor is provided for reading your favorite books, in this case a soft sofa, a floor lamp next to it, comfortable pillows, a blanket and a soft rug under your feet will do. Built-in lighting and a cup of hot tea will add coziness to the atmosphere.

To ensure silence, it is necessary to provide soundproofing of the floor. In this case, the noise from below will not penetrate into the attic. Accordingly, if the workshop involves the creation of noise, then soundproofing will provide comfort for the inhabitants of the lower floor.

The color scheme of the office should not distract from concentrated work. Calm pastel shades are appropriate. But, of course, bright accents look better in a creative workshop.

Lighting

Window structures are the source of natural light flux. If the space of the attic floor is significant, then the number of windows should be more than one. According to generally accepted standards, a glazing area of at least a tenth of the rest of the surface of the walls of the room is considered comfortable. The intensity can be adjusted with curtains.

In the case of a small attic with one window, designers suggest using various decorative tricks, for example, a large wall mirror will add light.

Artificial lighting is necessary in any case. Its installation depends on the functionality of the room, the location of furniture, the number and shape of windows, the architecture of the attic. For this, any sources are appropriate: chandeliers, sconces, built-in lamps, floor lamps, table and portable lamps, bedside models, modern fiber-optic lighting threads. Illumination can perform not only practical, but also decorative functions.

With the help of lighting, you can zone the space, focus on individual elements of the interior. In some cases, you can abandon the central chandelier, it is enough just to illuminate the perimeter of the attic and spot rotary or stationary lamps.

The choice of sources of artificial lighting also depends on the style of the interior.

Beautiful examples in the interior

Before you equip the attic floor yourself, you should consider all the options, read the reviews of people who have already carried out this process. The photo gallery will help to avoid other people's mistakes. If you have doubts about your own abilities, then you can turn to the services of professionals for a financial reward who will create an author's project that takes into account all the features of a particular attic space.

The attic has a specific architecture, so it is better to think in advance how to use beams, rafters, recesses under the roof slopes, different wall heights. Proponents of the rational use of living space suggest placing various storage systems under the arches of a shed or gable roof.

The interior can be made in any style at the request of the customer. Someone prefers a more natural country or Provence style, someone likes minimalism or loft. Attic living rooms are elegant in the classics, prim English fireplace rooms are solid.

The staircase to the attic floor is in some way his hallway. Experts advise, if there is space, to install a full-sized flight of stairs. This is the safest option and will be appreciated by families with small children and older residents.

Attic - attic-type living space, formed on the top floor of a house with a sloping ceiling.

Very many of those who have a private house do not know what to do with the attic. Someone leaves the repair of the attic in the end, using it as a large pantry, and someone cannot think of anything better than how to sew up the “uncomfortable” roof bevels with drywall, turning the attic into an ordinary small room.

We offer a few ideas on how to loft design in a private house, which will make the room comfortable and cozy, emphasizing all the advantages and charms of attic spaces of just this configuration.

Do-it-yourself attic design

Attic window decoration

In order for the attic to become a fully livable room, it needs to be filled with as much air and light as possible. This is easiest done with windows. Windows can be either ordinary (for smooth walls) or special designs that are designed specifically for sloping walls in attics. The shape, style and design of windows depends only on your imagination. The main thing here is the size, because the larger the window in the attic, the more spacious the room will seem, the less the sloping walls will “press” on you.

Photo of attic window decoration

Bevel design

Remember how fashionable the style of the Alpine chalet is now. So sewing wooden beams supporting the roof under the lining or drywall will be just blasphemy. On the contrary, when designing an attic design, emphasize them, because wooden beams are perhaps the most interesting decoration of any interior. In the attic, aged dark wood beams look especially impressive against the background of light walls. By the way, do not forget about lighting the room, because the original and correct lighting of the room works real miracles.

Photo of the design of the bevels of the attic

Decoration of the walls of the attic

Most often, the attic is used as a bedroom, office or place for recreation and entertainment. Therefore, here it is simply necessary to move away from stereotypes, to expand your imagination to its fullest. Get creative with the decor of the attic room walls: paint them in interesting colors, use unusual combinations of materials, play with textures, apply original decor - in general, do everything so that such an interesting room as an attic does not become boring and dull.

Photo of the design of the walls of the attic

The choice of furniture for the attic floor

Often, many complain that because of the sloping ceiling in the attic it is impossible to put ordinary furniture. But you can get creative with this. As an alternative to standard furniture in the interior of the attic, niches or built-in wardrobes, disassembled modular furniture or open shelves adjusted to the height of the walls can come out here. And in areas with a very low ceiling, a desktop, a bed or a couch for reading will fit perfectly. In such a room, you can design an attic room for a teenager, where children's furniture for a boy or girl fits well. The attic for a child can be decorated in cheerful and bright colors.

Photo design of low walls

Attic space

Since the attic often occupies the entire floor under the roof and is perhaps the largest room in a country house, the option of space zoning in this case is very relevant. At the same time, in order to keep the attic as spacious, not to turn it into several small closets under the roof, it is better to zone it not with the help of drywall partitions, but by adopting numerous design ideas.

Photo arrangement of the attic floor

Attic interior - arrangement options

Below, using the example of real apartments, we propose to consider in more detail how you can interestingly and functionally decorate an attic room with your own hands.

Ideas for an attic bedroom

In this case, the design of the attic bedroom for a married couple is decorated. In addition to the bed, the owners placed low wardrobes and bookcases here. In addition, there is an opportunity to work indoors: two chairs, which are located in different corners, allow, if necessary, to retire while reading or working for both spouses at the same time.

Photo of the attic bedroom

Living room in the attic

And here the attic serves as a living room where you can work, sit with friends and at the same time captivate little children with something. Due to the combination of white and blue colors in the interior, the room seems larger, and the vertical stripes give it height.

Photo of the attic living room

Small living room in the attic

The owners also turned this small attic with a rather low roof into a living room, where it is good to gather with family or friends in front of the fireplace. A small glass table in the corner does not clutter up the space at all and allows you to fully work at the computer. Pay attention to how well the furniture is chosen for such a low room. And the ceiling, despite the dense wooden paneling, does not "crush" with its plane, thanks to the huge windows.

Photo of a small living room

Living area in the attic

And finally, a great example of how an entire apartment can be located in the attic room, in which, despite the sloping roof, everyone feels quite comfortable. Designed specifically for this apartment, the built-in shelves and wardrobes are not much inferior to the usual ones in terms of convenience, but how beautiful and cozy the sloping vault with wooden beams of warm honey color looks in the living room.

Photo of the attic living area

In conditions of a total shortage of square meters, homeowners seek to rationally use the area of their housing. In this regard, the majority of those who want to acquire a private house plan to organize an attic even at the design stage, which will make future housing spacious and comfortable. In addition, it is possible to equip an attic in an old house by re-equipping an old attic space or by organizing an additional add-on to the old house. The attic in a wooden house should be not only reliable, but also safe - it is necessary to develop its design in advance so that it does not create an additional load on the load-bearing walls and foundation of the building. To equip a wooden attic that meets all the requirements for buildings of this type, first of all, you need to familiarize yourself with the main types of attic floors, the specifics of their construction, as well as the main stages of arranging and finishing a wooden attic. All this will be discussed in this article.

The main types of attic rooms

Speaking in the language of the layman, the attic is a living room located in the attic, that is, an attic-type room. According to professional construction terminology, an attic, also called a mansard floor, is a living space that is located on the top floor of a house characterized by the presence of a mansard roof. This indicates that the facade of the attic is partially or completely limited by the roof surfaces.

Before proceeding with the construction of the attic, it is necessary to determine the type of its construction, which should be as close as possible to the main building. In accordance with the design features, attics can be classified according to the type of roof, which can be single-pitched, gable or broken. The appearance of the attic structure is another sign by which attic rooms can be classified. This parameter directly depends on the materials used in the process of its construction. Taking into account these features, the following types of attic rooms are distinguished:

Single-level attic with a gable roof - a room, which is a standard attic, which is converted into a living space. The design and construction of such premises is not difficult and can be done by hand. However, the shortcomings characteristic of such structures, such as the lack of usable space and low ceilings, often force them to abandon their installation;
One-level attic with a broken gable roof , characterized by the presence of 4 slopes at different angles. Despite the fact that the construction of such attics is several times more expensive, often the masters prefer them, in view of the greater amount of usable area;
Attic with remote console , the construction of which, in view of the design features, is associated with a number of difficulties. However, these shortcomings are easily crossed out by the free area of \u200b\u200bthe room and the possibility of vertical placement of window structures;
Multi-level attic, characterized by a mixed roof stop . In view of the complexity of the structure, its construction requires the preliminary implementation of accurate calculations and the preparation of a detailed plan of the premises. Almost always, a multi-level attic is built simultaneously with the house.

Types of attic floors depending on the dimensions of the room

The type of attic floor is determined by its height:

Full floor- a structure that can be spoken about if the height of the vertical walls is at least 1.5 m;
Attic- a structure, the smallest of the walls of which should be in the range from 0.8 to 1.5 m;
half attic- a room with walls below 0.8 m.

As for the rooms that are equipped on the attic floors, they can be of various purposes and are determined mainly by the needs of the residents. However, in most cases, preference is given to bedrooms and lounges.

Conditions that determine the suitability of an attic space for arranging an attic

How to determine the suitability of the attic for arranging a dwelling? Experts came to the conclusion that the suitability of the attic for living is determined by the following factors:

Certain shape of the roof;
Appropriate construction of attic floors;
The supporting structure of the roof.

Typical roof forms used in wooden attic projects:

Important! The first requirement that applies to the mansard roof is the presence of an angle of inclination of the slopes, which must be at least 35 degrees, and as it increases, the comfort of living on the attic floor increases. However, flat and sloping roofs are unsuitable for arranging attic spaces.

For the arrangement of wooden attics, the most suitable are:

gable hip roof;
gable roof with gable;
mansard type roof.

The projects of such roofs suggest the absence of vertical support pillars, which favors the creation of a residential interior and facilitates the decoration of the attic of a wooden house inside. At the same time, remember that in the presence of horizontal beams, the arrangement of a living space and the subsequent design of a wooden attic are possible only if they are located at least 2.2-2.3 m from the floor level.

Mansard type roofs are also suitable for arranging attic rooms. Due to the specific design features, namely, a double break and a sufficiently large height, in the process of designing a wooden attic, the maximum possibilities for design open up, including the creation of original plastic transitions.

Important! Shed and hipped roofs, in view of the peculiarities of their design, limit the useful area of the attic and the possibilities of its planning, as a result of which they are practically not used in the development of attic space projects.

Structural elements of the attic and features of its construction

If you have at least once encountered the construction of houses, then you probably know that the basis of any building is the foundation, the calculation of which is carried out taking into account the mass of the structure. If the attic was originally part of the overall project, then the additional load was initially included in the characteristics of the foundation. In this case, there are no restrictions in the process of choosing materials for its construction.

There are also cases when initially the general design of the building does not imply the construction of an attic. This indicates that the arrangement of the attic will be carried out after the construction of the main building. In these cases, it is necessary to calculate the additional load on the foundation and structure, which will prevent damage or destruction of the main building. In this regard, the construction of the attic should be carried out using lightweight materials - wood, sip panels or aerated concrete.

Despite the fact that each attic floor system is unique in its own way and is characterized by a set of certain design features, in general, any attic consists of the following elements:

Roofing system;
Wooden crate designed to secure the roof;
Ridge run, which is the upper part of the roof, where the rafters are joined;
The truss system is the main supporting structure of the roof, which must withstand not only the weight of the roof, but also the additional load in the form of precipitation and wind. In this regard, the calculation of the truss system is carried out taking into account the selected building material and the climatic conditions of the area on which the building is being built.

Important! To build a power truss system, experts recommend using ferrous metal according to GOST, wood or a galvanized thin-walled cold-formed profile. In addition, you can combine materials - wood and metal, ferrous metal and galvanized profile. If the installation of rafters is carried out in hard-to-reach places, it is recommended to give preference to a thin-walled profile.

Important! The construction of an additional floor is carried out using light materials, for example, a thin-walled profile. Its advantages are that it does not require welding and is assembled directly on site using rivets and bolted joints.

Wood is also a fairly light material and is suitable for organizing a truss system, but needs additional treatment with an antiseptic.

Mauerlat - part of the roofing system in the form of a bar laid along the outer perimeter of the walls and acting as the basis for attaching the rafters;
Bevels for combining rafters, support beams and vertical posts, with the help of which they strengthen the rafter structure;
An internal support system that gives the attic additional stability when working with rooms with a large area;
Insulation cake, thanks to which a favorable microclimate is created in the attic room. It consists of hydro, sound and vapor barrier materials, as well as high-quality insulation.

Wooden attic photo

Conditions and norms for arranging a wooden attic

The key to the effective construction of the attic is rational insulation, ventilation and compliance with technological processes, taking into account the preliminary design of the attic. In order for the attic to stand for a long time and retain its original characteristics, the following rules must be observed:
To assemble the truss structure, it is important to use a bar with a thickness of at least 25 x 25 cm. This is important for the subsequent installation of heat-insulating materials that fit in the space between the rafters and are characterized by a thickness of at least 20 cm;
The thermal insulation material used must be resistant to moisture and other external factors. Polystyrene is considered the most suitable, which, unlike roll materials, does not absorb moisture, which increases the load on the supporting structure;
Between the heat-insulating layer and the roof, it is necessary to equip high-quality ventilation;
On the outside of the truss structure, it is recommended to equip the waterproofing and additional soundproof layers.

Do-it-yourself attic in a wooden house: a step-by-step guide

The first stage in the construction of the attic is the fastening of the Mauerlat, which is installed along the outer perimeter of the load-bearing walls of the house. According to experts, the most suitable material for this is a wooden beam 10 x 10, which is screwed with twists, previously fixed in the masonry;
The next stage is the construction of the attic frame. For the construction of vertical racks, a wooden beam with a section similar to the section of the longitudinal beams can be used. Vertical beams are fixed at the corners of the room and bars are installed between them, which are located at a distance of 2 m from each other. Next, you need to fix all the wooden elements with the help of metal corners and self-tapping screws;
The whole structure is fixed by means of a wooden jumper, which pulls together the vertical racks in the upper part. In the process of fixing, use a construction cord with which you can monitor the safety of the overall geometry of the attic structure;
The lower rafter beams are attached to the erected frame. To do this, the beam is cut taking into account the calculated length, and a groove is cut out at its base, which will ensure high-quality fastening of the beam to the Mauerlat. Next, the upper part of the rafters is cut at the calculated angle, and the lower part is attached to the Mauerlat;
The next step is the installation of the upper truss beams. The complexity of this stage lies in the fact that it implies the need for alignment and compliance with all corners of the structure;
A layer of vapor barrier material is laid on top of the rafter system, on which the crate will subsequently be stuffed. More details about the choice of design and material for the crate will be discussed later;
The next step is the arrangement of the insulating pie. A layer of vapor barrier material is laid on the inner surface of the truss system, which is fixed with adhesive tape or building brackets. Next, the wooden attic is insulated, which implies the fixing of the insulation, which is fixed with the help of an internal crate in increments of 0.5 m;
A layer of waterproofing must be laid on top of the crate, which will protect the wooden elements from moisture. Roofing is carried out on top of the waterproofing.

Thus, the pitched roof pie is equipped according to the following scheme:

A waterproofing membrane is laid on the outer side of the roof frame (the seams are arranged vertically, the overlap is 20 cm);
The crate is mounted on top and the roofing material is laid;
From the inside, between the inclined beams, a layer of heat-insulating materials (polystyrene, mineral wool or basalt slabs) is laid, the thickness of which depends on the climatic conditions of the area;
A layer of heat-insulating materials is covered with a vapor barrier film, which will prevent the ingress of moisture from the street and will not let moist air in from inside the room;
The final layer of the cake is the inner crate, which holds the thermal insulation and acts as the basis for finishing the attic space.

Fastening and choice of material for the crate

crate is a structure of beams laid perpendicular to the rafter legs (which are attached to them), designed to take on the weight of the roofing and securely fix it.

The material and design of the lathing depends on the selected roofing.

Sheathing for sheeting is a solid structure of sheet boards 25 mm thick and not more than 140 mm wide. Width restrictions are explained by the fact that excessively wide boards can undergo deformation. If the distance between the rafters exceeds 1 m, it is necessary to increase their step by fixing special bars between them, and only after that lay wide boards. After that, roofing material or glassine is laid, on top of which the roofing material is spread.

Important! This type of lathing helps to increase the reliability of the roof and reduce the noise from the rain. Moreover, it is suitable for any roof covering.

Lathing under the metal tile characterized by its own characteristics. It should be sparse and, if possible, adapt to the course of the tile wave. For its installation, edged boards with a size of 25 (30) x 100 mm are used, which are laid in 80-100 cm increments. Note that before mounting on the rafters, it is necessary to lay a hydro-windproof membrane. The board closest to the cornice is set above the rest on the wave of tiles. If you use short boards for mounting the crate under the metal tile, then it is recommended to place their joints in a checkerboard pattern;

Sheathing for ceramic tiles it is characterized by the most complex design and begins with the installation of a hydro-barrier, after which a sparse crate of bars with dimensions of 50 x 50 mm is equipped. The difficulty that arises during the installation of such a crate lies in the need to maintain an exact rhythm between the elements, since one step is equal to the covering surface of one tile.

Design and decoration of the attic room

The final stage of the attic arrangement is the interior decoration and decoration of the room. Despite the fact that in general the design is determined by the taste preferences of the owner, there are certain rules, the observance of which will make the attic room as comfortable and functional as possible.

Finishing material used . If you are equipping an attic in a country house, cottage or country house, operated only for a certain period of time, it is recommended to use plywood or OSB to decorate the walls of the room, which are subsequently covered with decorative trim. In a residential building, the walls are equipped using drywall, followed by finishing with decorative materials or directly using wooden lining;

Wall height . For free movement around the room, furniture is recommended to be placed around the perimeter of the room, taking into account the height of the wall. For example,

If the height of the walls does not exceed 0.5 m, blind zones are usually created. Their use with benefit is possible if shelves, bedside tables and cabinets are built into them;
With a wall height of up to 0.8 m, a bed is placed near them, on which it will be comfortable to lie and sit. At the same time, getting up, you will move away from the wall, which will allow you not to hit your head on the ceiling;
If the height of the walls is up to 1.3 m, it is allowed to arrange a working area with a table under the wall;
If the height of the wall corresponds to the height of a person, you will be able to move freely around the perimeter of the room.

The inclined planes of the attic room open up new possibilities for the design of a wooden attic, the photos presented in the article make it possible to verify this.

The functionality of the room at the joints of the roof and floor, where an acute angle is formed, can be increased in several ways:

Install a vertical wall, called a parapet, and place heating radiators behind it, storage niches or hide communications;
Install custom-made furniture, one side of which will repeat the configuration of the room.

Important! The height of the parapet is not an arbitrary value and is determined by the angle of inclination of the roof plane.

The attic ceiling is often limited to a horizontal ceiling that looks good in modern styles. However, according to outside-the-box designers, a broken line formed by roof slopes looks much more impressive. It not only increases the height of the room, but also opens up the horizontal beams of the wooden roof structure. Such a constructive solution is most relevant within the framework of modern stylistic solutions, such as a loft and European ethnics, which are especially popular in modern suburban construction.