How to build a house from vulture panels yourself. Do-it-yourself construction of houses from vulture panels, by yourself, video, instruction, step-by-step guide

The construction of houses from vulture panels is a novelty in the domestic construction market. If a European is already 50-60 years old, you won’t be surprised by such houses, then for Russian developers this technology is a reason for heated discussions.

Sip panels are a construction of a polystyrene foam layer enclosed on both sides by OSB boards. The inner heat and sound insulating layer can be of different thickness, it all depends on the future purpose of the panels. Thickened vulture panels are purchased for the external walls of winter buildings, and thinner panels are used for internal walls or for the arrangement of summer houses.

Advantages of the technology of building houses from sip panels

The main factor in the high popularity of this material for construction is the proper level of its factory readiness. That is, buying sip panels - the developer buys the goods assembled by technology and ready for use. At the construction site, it remains only to correctly assemble the box of the house itself, which eliminates the marriage arising from the excessive "initiative" of the developer.

Benefits of sip panels

In addition, the customer can build a frame house with the help of panels with his own hands, while saving a fairly impressive amount.

A complex expensive foundation is not needed for frame houses. Installation does not require a lot of manpower - you can do everything yourself, besides, you do not need to spend money on ordering special equipment, the panels are easy to carry yourself.

Although frame houses have a significant number of advantages, panels for them are still produced by more than one manufacturer, there are a huge number of them, and each makes panels according to its own technology. So the assessment of the quality of the purchased material lies entirely with the buyer.

It is worth paying attention to the level of formaldehyde emission in stoves - it should be no more than E1 (this level is safe for humans). In addition, high quality self-extinguishing foam, expanded polystyrene or polyurethane foam should be used as the inner layer of the board.

Despite the fact that the thermal protection of such houses is one of the advantages, it also has one significant drawback: the house functions like a thermos, because OSB plates, saving energy, do not let water vapor pass through. Therefore, frame houses need mechanical ventilation technology. A recuperator unit that extracts air from living rooms and heats up cold air masses coming from the street is well suited for these purposes.

The laying of the ventilation system in such houses is thought out even at the design stage, otherwise, the elements of the slabs tightly fitted to each other will tightly clog the box of the house, creating unsuitable living conditions inside.

Technology of laying a ventilation system in a house from vulture panels

In addition, houses made of vulture panels have poor sound insulation. Styrofoam and expanded polystyrene inside the boards are not sound insulating materials, on the contrary, they conduct well and sometimes increase impact noise.

Of course, if your frame house is located in the wilderness, there is no need to worry about unnecessary noise, but if the house is in a rather busy place, you will have to strengthen its interior decoration with noise-absorbing material with your own hands.

How to choose a foundation for a frame house?

Despite the fact that laying the foundation for a house made of vulture panels does not require large costs (about 20% of the total budget for the construction), you still have to make an effort and ingenuity. The thing is that the box of the house has an unconventionally low weight, plus, one must take into account the specific features of the soil, climate conditions, the depth of groundwater of the building site.

The main nuance associated with these houses is the seasonal heaving of the soil, after which the entire box of the house can shift, crack or tilt. The best foundation options for them are:

Screw piles- a simple, quickly assembled, cheap foundation. A screw pile is a steel tube to which a blade is attached, designed to be screwed into the soil. This foundation has good bearing capacity, because in the process of screwing the blade into the ground, it does not loosen it, but, on the contrary, compresses it.
- rarely used technology. It is not profitable for developers, because it is only suitable for non-porous soils, while the rest will provoke its deformation after a season or two. To make such a foundation, it is necessary to remove 40 cm of soil, install reinforced formwork and fill it with cement. The main disadvantage of such a foundation is the long drying of the concrete pour (up to a month). In addition, the ventilation of the subfloor of such a house will be much worse than in a pile house.
- a good option for loose soils. Its arrangement is a thick reinforced concrete slab lying on a loose cushion. Such a foundation allows you to evenly distribute the load on the ground and protect the house from seasonal shifts.
- a good option for loose soil, much cheaper than a monolithic type. Such a foundation is a structure of individual slabs, located at the corners of the future box of the house, at the junction of rooms and massive load-bearing beams.

How to install panels with your own hands?

Despite the fact that the procedure for building a frame house is simple and quick, in order to build it, you will need a lot of auxiliary tools, finishing materials and fasteners.

A careful calculation is made specifically in order to find out how much material will be spent on construction. This calculation should take into account all the locations of door and window openings, their width and height, as well as the thickness of all external and internal walls of the house and the location of communication networks.

Panel country houses - installation technology

Do-it-yourself installation of panel houses is carried out as follows:

waterproofing (for example, roofing material) and a strapping bar impregnated with an antiseptic substance are placed on the existing base of the foundation;
starting boards are attached to the strapping bar with screws;
standard widths of sip panels: 125, 250 and 280 cm. They are attached to each other using special grooves into which wood dowels are inserted. Fastening should be hopeless, hermetically sealed, with further blowing of polyurethane foam, so that the future building does not let the cold pass;
if the house is on a shallow foundation, the starting boards are attached to the composite panels, not the strapping.

Roof laying

Roof panel fixing diagram

The construction of a roof in a panel house is very easy to do with your own hands. In addition to the fact that in this case it is not necessary to make a crate, the roofing cake itself also does not need to be assembled, because the sandwich panel is a ready-made element.

You just need to lay the sip panels on the rafters, fix them with self-tapping screws, and, leaving a small ventilation gap, cover with a roof. Bituminous shingles and metal shingles are best suited.

In addition, if you have the means and can afford the services of a light crane, assemble the roof on the ground with your own hands, and then install it in place using the crane.

Exterior and interior decoration of the house with vulture panels

Finishing, both internal and external, is done very quickly. Since the panels are smooth and even, the finishing cladding does not need prior screed and plastering.

However, before installing drywall and finishing, sand and seal the joints between the panels with a paint net. In addition, before carrying out any finishing work, it is necessary to make holes for communications.

In rooms with high humidity (bathroom, toilet), the joints are closed with silicone sealant, and sip panels are overlapped in order to protect the wall materials from getting wet. The floors in these rooms must be additionally waterproofed or even self-leveling acrylic floors must be laid.

Among outdoor finishing methods, the most attractive are:

thin vinyl siding panels do not rot and perfectly protect from moisture;
facade plaster- the most common finishing variation;
corrugated board- lightweight finishing material made of metal, characterized by its durability, resistance to rust;
fiber cement is a strong, pressed board made of cement (over 90%) and cellulose.
facade tiles- a cheap and popular material that imitates natural finishing elements.

Thus, having considered all the nuances and features of the construction of houses from vulture panels, we can conclude that the positive characteristics of the material prevail over the negative ones.

In addition, the constant rise in the cost of housing, especially apartments in cities, will soon make country frame houses the only way out for those wishing to have personal real estate.

The lightness and large size of SIP panels makes this material one of the best for the construction of country houses. All the main parts for construction are produced at the plant, the required amount is brought to the site and assembled like a designer. A large team is not needed for this, the task can be handled by a team of 2-3 people. In addition to the assembly readiness of the material, the simplicity of its docking is also attractive. Consider the key stages of the technology for assembling a house from SIP panels.

What kind of foundation is right?

In the case of SIP panels, there is no need for an expensive, powerful base. A finished house using Canadian technology weighs no more than 15 tons, so it is enough to choose an economical strip foundation. In accordance with building codes, the foundation is laid to the depth of freezing of the soil, in our case, it is enough if corner grillages are laid at this depth along the entire perimeter.

Stage two: floor slabs

It is possible to assemble a house from SIP panels at any time of the year, construction does not have wet stages. Installation begins with the installation of floor slabs. If the span is no more than six meters, standard panels are used for floor slabs. The panels are insulated with an antiseptic and bitumen mastic.

The joints between the panels are fixed with self-tapping screws and sealed with polyurethane foam. To make the structure rigid along the horizontal axis, strapping beams are placed in the technological grooves of the ends. The installation of floor slabs can be completed within a few hours.

We mount the walls

Before starting the installation of the first wall panels, a strapping contour for the walls is prepared. For this, a longitudinal beam 10 cm thick is attached to the floor overlap with self-tapping screws. The template will help you check if it is placed correctly. The structure is fixed to the foundation using anchor bolts by drilling holes through the panels and timber. All parts must be treated with antimicrobial and water-repellent compounds.

Panels that form the corner are mounted first. The second is placed to the first at right angles. Thanks to the firm fixation of the corner elements, the structure acquires the necessary rigidity. Further, the panels are mounted sequentially using a groove-ridge connection. The connection of the panels to each other is fixed with self-tapping screws or large ship nails.

When all the panels that form the walls of the first floor have taken their places, their technological grooves from above are filled with polyurethane foam and closed with strapping beams. Simultaneously with the construction of the perimeter, the space of the first floor is divided into zones by partitions made of panels. Additional rigidity of the structure is given by the overlap, which connects the walls.

The same technological cycle is repeated on the second floor. The overlap is assembled similarly to the installation of the floor, the frame of the previous floor serves as a support for it, the floor slabs are attached to it with self-tapping screws.

Attic and roof: no rafters

Roof mounting is one of the standard technologies for working with SIP panels. Rafters are not needed when erecting a roof, the inherent rigidity of the panels allows them to withstand all meteorological loads.

The lower base for the roof panels is the Mauerlat, fixed along the perimeter, the upper one is the ridge beam, fixed between the gables. The laid panels are fixed with screws at the top and bottom of the timber. Roof panels are fixed to each other in the same way as wall elements - self-tapping screws or ship nails.

The attic, located under the roof of SIP panels, will always be warm. The design of the panels is such that the roof does not need a vapor barrier. The roof can be made from any material known today: bituminous, ceramic or metal tiles, others.

Sealing the finished house

After completing the assembly, the structure is sealed, coating all joints with polyurethane glue. This is a very important stage, the thoroughness of its implementation guarantees the long-term operation of the house.

Installation of doors and windows

Openings for doors and windows are provided by the project and prepared at the factory, this greatly simplifies installation.

Exterior and interior decoration of the house

Outside, the house can be faced with brick or siding, clapboard, timber, natural stone or its artificial imitation. The perfectly flat inner surface of the walls is also suitable for any finishing materials: wallpaper, painting, tiling and others. Using drywall will give the walls additional fire resistance.

Engineering Communication

Communications are laid upon completion of the frame assembly. All of them will be easily accessible due to their external location. If necessary, they are covered with plasterboard partitions or suspended ceilings. Plumbing and sewerage in a one-story house are made under the floor; special mines are arranged for a two-story building. A distinctive feature of construction using SIP is flexibility in terms of communications. All wooden elements that will come into contact with the water supply and sewerage system are additionally impregnated with waterproof compounds.

Factory production of all elements, the lightness of the panels makes installation possible in the shortest possible time.

The advantages of houses from SIP panels in comparison with houses using traditional construction technologies are obvious:

Strength. The sip-panel can withstand up to 200kg of load per 1m 2 with a deflection of no more than 12mm.
No shrinkage and smooth walls. External and internal finishes can be accessed immediately after installation.
Increased fire resistance. Temperature range from -50ºC to + 50ºC
Ease of construction. Average home weight according to Canadian technology
no more than 15 tons.
Increased heat capacity. Heating a house using SIP technology requires 4-6 times less resources than heating a brick one.

Watch the assembly process at home in the video:

More recently, it has become very popular to build timber-framed houses. Now there is a constant search for new and improvement of existing technologies for frame construction. The article will describe the stages of building a frame house using a relatively new technology from vulture panels.

What is sip panel - manufacturing process

A sip panel or, as it is also called, a sandwich panel is a multifunctional building material. It can be used in almost any environment. The cost of the panels is low, and the potential for their use is practically unlimited.

Wall sandwich panels are a three-layer material. Let's see how they are made.

How is the process of manufacturing sip panels - step by step diagram

Step 1: Selection of materials

For the outer layers, a durable material is used: fiberboards, oriented strand boards, wooden boards, magnesite boards, galvanized steel. The thickness of the plates is 9 or 12 mm.

For a sip panel, it is better to exclude the use of wood, since it is highly flammable, short-lived, and also the most laborious to process. Most often, OSB boards are used for the construction of houses in SIP panels. Recommended thickness 12 mm. For supporting structures, they can be adapted for use in high humidity.

OSB is made from wood chips, the diameter of which does not exceed 0.6 mm. The length, as a rule, is not more than 140 mm. Such chips are laid perpendicular to each other in three layers. An adhesive waterproof resin is added during the manufacturing process. Further, from high pressure and temperature, this material is pressed. The result is a plate with increased strength and at the same time high elasticity. The outer layer of OSB boards is also waterproof. With the help of wood tools, the slabs are very easy to saw. OSB holds fasteners due to the way wood chips are laid, therefore it differs significantly from other similar materials, where resin provides fasteners retention.

Insulation is placed between two rigid protective layers of material. For this layer, polystyrene foam, polyurethane foam, or mineral wool are used. The last two heaters are non-flammable. When choosing a brand of foam, it is necessary to pay attention to its flammability and flame decay time. The thickness of the material, depending on the thermophysical properties of the frame house, can vary from 50 to 250 mm. If more preference is given to mineral wool, then it is necessary to lay a para-barrier film between it and the inner slab.

When using mineral wool in SIP panels, a material is used that has a density of 100–120 kg / m³. Such a product does not burn and cannot spread fire. When heated, the bonding elements can emit unpleasant odors, but, nevertheless, such a heat-insulating material is much more environmentally friendly than expanded polystyrene. But rock wool increases the weight of the sandwich panel. Compared with expanded polystyrene, the weight will be 2 times more. Therefore, this type of insulation is rarely used in sip panels. The high cost also negatively affects the choice of this material. The use of mineral wool as a heater in a house made of sandwich panels can cost 1.5–2 times more.

For mass production in vulture panels, expanded polystyrene with a density of 25 kg / m³ (PSB-S-25 or PSB-25) is used. Due to its lightness and low cost, this insulation is very popular. It is 98% carbon dioxide. Due to this, it has a low thermal conductivity and, accordingly, high thermal insulation properties.

Such material has a fairly high strength, is resistant to fungus and moisture. But in expanded polystyrene, mice like to gnaw nests, in which they then settle. The purpose of this material is, first of all, external wall insulation. The thickness of the insulation depends on what kind of house will be built. For permanent residence, the heat insulator must be no thinner than 50 mm. For the construction of a summer cottage, a maximum of 20 mm of such insulation is sufficient. It should not be forgotten that expanded polystyrene burns, melts from exposure to open fire and emits acrid black smoke. The fire safety of the structure is partially ensured due to the fact that the foam in the SIP panels is covered with OSB plates.

Step 2: Choosing the Right Adhesive

To connect all the layers of the sandwich panel, the glue must retain its qualities all the time while the house is standing. Therefore, such material must withstand various humidity, temperature changes and other unfavorable conditions. The toxicity of the adhesive after polymerization must be completely eliminated. The following brands have proven themselves in the best possible way when assembling vulture panels in Canada, the USA and the EU: Macroplast UR 7229, Macroplast UR 7228 and Kleiberit 502.8.

Step 3: production of sip panels

The OSB board must be evenly covered with glue over the entire plane. Then you need to lay a sheet of expanded polystyrene on top of the plate. After that, you will need to reapply the polymer composition and cover with a second OSB board.

The glue must be applied within no more than 10 minutes. When this material is exposed to air for more than the specified time, polymerization begins. The glue foams strongly and expands. In this case, it is necessary to perform pressing with pressing of the glued elements within the limits of 18 tons. This is done with a powerful press. The glued wall sandwich panels must be cured for 2-3 hours. The glue dries completely in 15-30 hours. After that, the protruding edges of the insulation must be cut off.

What will be the foundation?

Frame houses made of prefabricated sip panels are light enough that a reinforced foundation is not needed. For such structures, it is advisable to use a shallow foundation. In addition to this option, a pile, columnar or slab type of frame house base is also used in construction practice. For example, a pile foundation can be made in any season of the year, in any weather. Its installation can be performed in the shortest possible time, large financial costs will not be required. You don't need to do painstaking land work.

For a frame house where wall panels are used, we recommend using one of the most popular and classic support options - a strip foundation. To do this, you will need to mark the construction site. Then dig a trench 50-60 cm deep. The width can be made 40-50 cm. The next step is to make a sand-crushed stone pillow of 20 cm, which must be tamped.

Then you can proceed with the installation of the formwork. For this, boards 10-15 cm wide are suitable. Alternatively, moisture-resistant plywood is allowed. It is imperative to make the formwork 50 cm above the soil level.

Next, the reinforcement cage is tied. For this, rods of 10-15 mm in diameter are most often used. After that, a concrete solution is prepared. The concrete mixer will significantly speed up this process. It is necessary to regularly tamp the mortar poured into the formwork using a vibrator. This action will remove air bubbles from the concrete mixture, making the foundation created stronger. When all the casting work is done, the concrete solution must be allowed to brew and gain strength. Experts recommend that the foundation stand for 3-4 weeks before the walls are erected.

Installation of the frame and floor - what you need to know

This process begins with attaching a timber frame strapping belt to the foundation. The section for such a bar is most often used 250x150 mm. In the corners, the wall boards are connected to each other using the grooves made. Anchors, as a rule, are used 10–12 mm in diameter, and their length should be 35 cm. They need to be installed at a distance of 1.5–2 m from each other. In the corners, it is better to use two anchors. The bolt heads must be recessed.

Wall building tricks

The wall elements are installed after the guide boards are fixed to the strapping bar. Their size depends on the thickness of the wall panel. It is necessary to lay such boards taking into account the distance from the edge of the timber by 10–12 mm. It is imperative to observe a strict horizontal. In order to make their fasteners, you will need 70x5 mm self-tapping screws. It is better to make the indents between them 35–40 cm.

In the corners, two wall frame panels are installed by slipping them onto guide boards. The grooves must first be foamed. With the help of a level, it is required to align vertically and horizontally. After that, it is necessary to fasten the sandwich panels with self-tapping screws to the guide boards. The fixing pitch is required to be 150 mm. The panels must also be fastened together. To do this, you need boards with a cross section of 50-200 mm. They are installed between two panels. To make a reliable fixation, self-tapping screws 12x200 mm are required.

Whoever says what, and unification has always had a positive effect not only on the speed of production, but also on its cost. And the construction industry is no exception. Unification in frame housing construction led to the development of SIP panels and similar enlarged building materials.

The SIP panel itself was invented in 1935 in the USA, in 1952 insulation was first glued into it. Since the beginning of the 60s of the last century, it began to be mass-produced, which just influenced the reduction in the construction time of houses and their price in America, and then in Canada. SIP-panel technologies came to Russia in the late 90s.

And this procession, in contrast to the United States, where tens of millions of square meters of such housing are built annually, has not yet become triumphant, and its cost is 30-40% higher than abroad. This is partly due to the mentality of our developer, partly to the high cost of components imported from abroad, the prices of which are also guided by rare domestic manufacturers who have mastered the production of similar products. But once, before releasing our own lorry, we also bought a batch of Ford trucks.

What does the SIP panel consist of and how is it made?

The design of the SIP panel is extremely simple, which means it is easily repeatable, but the rightholders and patent holders will not miss their own, therefore, they put their interest in the cost of equipment for its production. And the essence of the technology consists in gluing between two sheets of OSB (oriented strand board - English OSB) polystyrene foam block PSB-S-25, where C is self-extinguishing, and 25 is density (from 15 to 25 kg / m3). Its thickness ranges from 100 to 200 mm, depending on the type of building and the climatic zone where it is being built. Also, thinner panels can be used in the construction of partitions inside a frame house from SIP panels. Along the contour of the panel, there are grooves for connecting and fixing beams. It must be said that panels with 100 mm insulation in terms of thermal conductivity correspond to an approximately one and a half meter wall made of solid fired clay brick, but according to the current Russian standards, 120 mm of expanded polystyrene is needed for the middle strip. Therefore, most manufacturers of SIP panels offer standard products with 140 mm PSB-S-25 and OSB thickness of 10 - 12 mm.

Making SIP panels with your own hands

It is best to cut polystyrene with a nichrome wire, to which you must supply direct current from an adjustable transformer (parameters are selected depending on the length and thickness of the wire). It can be a car charger or a welding machine.

In the manufacture of SIP panels, a one-component polyurethane adhesive is used. On standard equipment, it is applied with 4 dozen nozzles for greater uniformity of distribution. The gluing process itself is carried out under pressure. For this, either vacuum or mechanical presses are used. The number of panel blanks in a stack and the number of glued stacks depends on the parameters of the press.

At home, it is not difficult to make a SIP panel with your own hands. From the entire chain of technology, it is necessary to single out only one process for explanation - the application of glue and suggest the pressing parameters. The rest is not difficult to execute, and a thinking person will also create a couple of devices for the mutual positioning of the panel's components.

So here's how to apply the glue. Choose almost any polyurethane balloon adhesive for expanded polystyrene (the best known), take a spray gun with an upper tank and a 2.5 mm nozzle. From an old professional polyurethane foam gun, unscrew the knot for attaching cylinders with a ball valve. Make sure it works right away or clean it with a special flushing fluid. Make a simple adapter with matching threads and connect together. Connect to the compressor and get a uniform layer of glue (or foam), adjustable in thickness

In fairness, it must be said that ordinary professional polyurethane foam will work no worse than glue, but it will require a little more skill from you. The grooves in the SIP panels are made with a depth of 25 to 40 mm, while the lower and upper strapping boards will have exactly this thickness, and the connecting beams will be twice as thick.

Place the resulting sandwich under an evenly distributed load at the rate of 15 - 20 kg / m2 and leave for a couple of hours. The standard panel has an area of 3.11 square meters. Several wooden beams can act as a load. As the panels are manufactured, add them to the stack by moving the weight to the top - newly made one. The main thing when stacking is not to shift the sheets. Hint: cut 6 pieces of the board to the appropriate width and use them during assembly as templates, connecting with self-tapping screws.

You can fully use your SIP panels the next day.

On what foundations are SIP-panel houses assembled?

Such houses can be mounted on any foundations, and here the main role should be played not by the type of frame formation (in this case, it is platform, American, Canadian, pallet), but the state of the base - the soil. It is clear that if you have swampy soil, the site has a difficult terrain or groundwater is high, we will recommend screw piles with a powerful wooden lower strapping, or a platform immediately formed on its basis.

If you have soils subject to large frost heaving, make a well-insulated floating foundation. He will also play the role of a platform on which you can directly install SIP panels, fixing the installation board with anchors, partly performing the role of the lower strapping.

Under standard conditions, for this type of frame, a grillage on poles is best suited.

Floor panels can be assembled directly on it, having previously been primed. In addition to sufficient strength, there will be one requirement for such a foundation when choosing an SIP-panel construction technology: ensuring good ventilation of the underground space.

SIP panel assembly technology

The connection of SIP panels to each other is carried out by gluing a bar on polyurethane foam, evenly entering their grooves. Fastening of panels to the platform of the floor or floor is also carried out according to the spike-groove system, while the role of the spike is played by the boards of the lower and upper strapping of the corresponding sizes.

The bottom board is also called the setting board. Its thickness can be from 25 mm to 40 mm. Corner connections are made in the same way, only the mounting board is attached to the vertical panel.

Typically, it is half the thickness of the connecting bar. Fixing parts at the seams is most often done with wood screws, less often with a nail gun. The construction of the self-supporting insulated panel house is so strong that a 25mm thick board is enough for the lower and upper strapping, as well as corner joints.

If you decide to make SIP panels with your own hands, and we tried to convey to you that it is not so difficult, then we hope that you will make panels of specific sizes and configurations, with ready-made connecting nodes and you will not need additional trimming on the site. But, if you find it more profitable to buy ready-made panels from the manufacturer, we recommend that you order them to cut them for your project. Many firms sell just home kits.

For self-cutting of standard SIP panels, you will need at least a large grinder with 230 mm discs, or the same hand circular saw, a long thin sharp knife for cutting and a simple device for cutting out foam with a nichrome string (see photo below). The expanded polystyrene is cut a little more than half the thickness of the connecting bar.

Timing of assembling a house from vulture panels

The assembly of a one-story house from SIP panels can be freely carried out by 2-3 people, it is better to make panels together. The weight of a standard SIP panel with dimensions of 2500 x 1250 x 160 is 43 - 44 kg, and with a thickness of 164 (OSB-12) - up to 50 kg. Floor and roof panels are often made longer and narrower - for rigidity, or additional beams are glued into them during manufacture.

From practice, two strong men on the ground floor cope with a panel measuring 1250 x 5000. Above, assistants are needed. An attic or two-story house is assembled by 4 people with the involvement of 2 helpers for a couple of days, if you do not use lifting and transport mechanisms.

And if you find a cozy place for the manufacture of SIP panels and a site for their temporary storage, then of all frame house building systems, this one is the most optimal, believe the experience. A stock-square house without any special architectural excesses, the team of the above-mentioned composition will assemble in a maximum of a week with measured work in compliance with the hourly norms of labor legislation. And if it will be you personally and your good friends or relatives will help you, it will take even less time. And you can adjust to the weather.

Below you will find an accelerated video of the assembly of a house from vulture panels - it is very interesting to see how it looks from the outside.

Dear readers, if you have any questions, ask them using the form below. We will be glad to communicate with you;)

Do-it-yourself construction of a house from SIP panels.

Here we provide a summary of general plan vip panel home building tips:

Foundation selection

In the vast majority of cases, two types of foundations - on screw piles and a shallow strip foundation, allow completely solving the problem of a reliable support for a Canadian house in the Moscow region.

If you make a concrete pile (below the freezing depth) foundation for a light Canadian house heaving soil, it is better with the TISE technology (with broadening of the lower part of the piles) and with high grillage (with a gap between the grillage and the ground).

This is correct in theory. In practice, in the Moscow region, under the self-supporting insulated wire, houses often make bored piles without broadening, and often the grillage is supported on the ground (low grillage).

Problems do happen, but in most cases, light houses on such foundations stand without problems. The fact is that a powerful reinforced concrete grillage not only prevents the uneven subsidence of the piles under the weight of the house, but also compensates for the uneven pushing out of the piles by the lateral forces of frost heaving. In fact, we are dealing with a "floating" foundation of an unreasonably expensive and complex structure.

Why are such foundations made? The answer is simple: "Customers like it."

Clients like a lot of things that are harmful. For example, it is beautiful when the foam protruding from the joints of the SIP panels is carefully cut off.

But this cannot be done from the outside. Until the exterior decoration of the house has begun, polyurethane foam is destroyed by ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Cropping only speeds up this process.

For a house made of SIP panels, the best pile foundation is screw... The blade of the screw pile performs the same function as the broadening of the lower part of the columnar foundation made using the TISE technology: they reduce the pressure of the loaded pile on the ground and prevent it from being pulled out by the forces of frost heaving of the soil.

Thus, the screw pile, working as an anchor, provides a fixed point of support if the piles are screwed below the freezing depth into the bearing (!) Soil ..

Due to the increased rigidity, SIP structures are not very sensitive to seasonal ground movements. For small country houses, the most inexpensive option is suitable - a foundation on columns.

As a rule, these are small concrete blocks installed on a sand bed (necessarily at the corners of the house, the joints of the load-bearing walls and several intermediate ones).

Season for construction

Construction using Canadian technology is possible at any time of the year. Winter is a great time to build. Due to the rains, the construction site may be slightly delayed. Measures have to be taken to prevent dirt from entering the construction site.

There may be problems with the approach to the site. According to the weather, summer is the most favorable season for DIY construction. But in the summer, its difficulties are due to the growing excitement in the construction market with quite understandable consequences.

What to build from SIP panels

Important question: what structural elements of the house to collect from SIP? External walls are always assembled from SIP panels... The walls are surprisingly warm and smooth.

It is also desirable to assemble internal load-bearing walls from SIP panels. The issue of partitions is secondary. Partitions can be assembled from anything and at the stage of finishing. Most often, partitions are assembled from SIP panels with a thickness of 124 mm.

The use of SIP panels for the assembly of zero and attic floors or roofs is justified by their high thermal insulation capacity.

SIP slab does not require a sub-floor device. Fine floor coverings (laminate, linoleum, carpet, etc.) are laid directly on the SIP floor.

Apply SIP to Build interfloor overlapping is possible, but not entirely advisable due to the low performance in terms of impact noise.

It is problematic to make a complex roof from SIP panels. It is possible to assemble a roof of any complexity from SIP, but a reasonable question arises - why should it be, if the proven classic truss system with insulation is simpler?

Which timber is suitable for joining SIP panels

It is not recommended to use a beam made of boards rallied at the construction site for joining SIP panels because of the risk of cracks formation. And if you can find a massive wooden beam of the required section on the markets, it is only raw.

An explanation is required here. Concepts dry or raw lumber (timber, board, etc.) is used only at the household level. In fact, all lumber contains moisture. Excessively damp wood has many disadvantages, one of which is shrinkage (change in linear dimensions).

Moisture in wood is present in 2 forms - free (capillary) filling cell cavities and intercellular space (up to 70%), and bound (hygroscopic) located in cell membranes (about 30%).

Deleting free moisture (it is often called plant sap) occurs fairly quickly and easily with atmospheric drying. Moreover without change linear dimensions and volume of wood. Only its density decreases. Very often "dry" is called a board, from which a significant part has left free moisture.

The problem is that wood shrinks later, namely during evaporation. bound moisture! It is at this stage that the linear dimensions of timber lumber are significantly reduced.

During forced chamber drying, seemingly dry softwood lumber dries up to 12% in the cross direction to the fibers!

Due to the anisotropic structure of the wood, the removal bound moisture is accompanied by cracking and warping. Therefore, truly dry sawn timber can be distinguished from raw material even without a moisture meter. cracks.

To remove most of the bound moisture, forced (chamber) drying is required. Therefore dry edged there is no lumber in the markets. All that is sold is a raw cutter - freshly sawn wood that must be dried in a chamber.

Kiln-dried timber expensive. In addition, after drying to the required moisture content, the edged timber loses its GOST dimensions.

Planing (sizing) eats up a few more millimeters of thickness and width, which finally makes such lumber unsuitable for joining SIP panels with polystyrene foam thicknesses of 100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm.

Massive timber 100x150 mm and 100x200 mm thick chamber drying is almost impossible to find. For massive timber, especially gentle drying modes are required, i.e. special equipment.

Conventional drying chambers are designed for drying boards up to 50 mm thick for further planing into molded timber or for the manufacture of glued beams, I-beams, furniture boards, etc.

And today there is no acceptable alternative to a massive rectangular bar for joining SIP 174 or 224 mm in the ceilings and the roof. Wooden I-beams (I-Joist and others) with a height of 200 mm are rather weak for this purpose.

A massive rectangular bar 100x200mm in terms of rigidity and strength can replace a 300 mm I-beam, but you cannot put it into a 224 mm SIP panel.

LVL and laminated veneer lumber are expensive. For example, the retail price of laminated veneer lumber 100x200 mm is 650 rubles. per r.m. (May 2013). This is more than 30 thousand rubles. per m3.

Overlapping from SIP panels

Ceilings and roofs are places where insulated classic beam (rafter) structures compete with SIP structures in terms of price, manufacturability and other parameters. If the technical details are of little interest to you, go directly to the next item.

Often, especially in small buildings, the installation of zero slab and SIP roofs is the most optimal solution. But for large spans, traditional wooden beam floors may be better than SIP floors.

It's not just a question of price. We wrote about the problem of the docking bar in the ceilings and the roof in the previous paragraph above. There are other reasons to consider when making a decision:

The SIP panel is a wall panel by its construction and is designed to carry large longitudinal loads. As an overlap, the SIP panel does not have any special advantages, although it has good bending strength.

The zero and interfloor floors of the house must not only withstand certain loads, but also be quite rigid (not bend too much). The floor should not "walk" underfoot. Overlapping the required stiffness is easier to assemble from beams of a suitable section.

SIP floor panels are often made narrower (usually twice - 625 mm). Dock the panels on floor beams... This means that the main load-bearing element of the SIP slab is the same wooden beam. The stiffness of a beam is determined not so much by its cross-sectional area as by its height and shape. And 200 mm, which is dictated by the "overlap" panel, is good for spans up to 4 meters.

If the spans are longer than the length of the SIP panel, then the strength of the floor depends on the beams (at the transverse joints of the panels, the entire load falls on the beams)! For this reason, with spans of more than 5 meters, it is better not to do SIP overlap - the spacing of 625 mm of beams with a height of 200 mm is too large (according to SNiP, the allowable span for a beam is 200x100 mm with a step of 625 mm less than 5 m).

If the floor beams are installed with a pitch of 625 mm, as in a SIP floor, then OSB-3 plates sewn onto the beams from above and below and without glued polystyrene foam will work like shelves of an I-beam! OSB-3 slabs for sheathing floor beams, unlike SIP, do not need to be sawed in strips 625 mm wide. Self-tapping screws for installation will take two times less (saving time and effort).

The overlap should have the same thickness everywhere, and the spans covered by it are most often different. The beams can be laid out in different directions and with different spacing, thereby optimizing material consumption. Usually the largest spans above the living room. There, it is desirable to make the overlap harder by reducing the step of the beams and (or) increasing their cross-sectional area.

When making SIP slabs, this will often not be possible. The overlap will turn out to be weak somewhere, but on the contrary somewhere. Cover the spans over the bathroom, hallway, etc. beams 200x100 mm with a pitch of 625 mm is a luxury.

Features of construction from SIP panels

If the structure has a high lateral load, then the SIP joints must lie on the support. It is undesirable to embed the support inside the panel under the cladding. In this situation, SIP does not work as a monolithic construct! There are forces on the separation of the sheathing from the expanded polystyrene. If you jump onto the SIP floor between the docking beams, a large local lateral load can tear the sheathing away from the styrofoam.
Moreover, OSB-3 has a low bending stiffness in the transverse direction. Therefore, OSB-3 is laid as a floor covering or solid sheathing. across beams (rafters), and not along as is the case in SIP floor and roof structures. Therefore, it is undesirable to use SIP with a thin skin of 9-10 mm for the device of floors.
Interfloor floors should be massive in order to provide good protection against impact noise. This can only be ensured by massive beams.
It is not necessary to expect that heavy rain will not go during the assembly of the house. Until the roof is completed, puddles form on the SIP ceiling, which, if not removed, can only evaporate, since all joints are sealed. Therefore, you should prepare in advance for eliminating the consequences of precipitation. However, not everything is so scary: OSB-3 boards resist moisture well, and a short-term stay in water does not significantly affect them. Wooden floors on beams with insulation, floor and bottom filing can also be assembled in advance in the form of ready-made elements. But this is usually not done due to possible precipitation.
It is not very rational to assemble a SIP roof under a roof that does not require a continuous sheathing.
In beamed ceilings, it is not a problem to provide high thermal protection (sound insulation). The height of the section of the floor beam is determined by the calculation of the floor stiffness and is usually at least 200 mm. It is incomparably easier to lay insulation between horizontal beams than in a wall frame. There is no problem of insulation shrinkage in the ceilings. Therefore, beamed ceilings and rafter roofs are a serious alternative to SIP structures.
A few words about the features of timber frame (beam) structures. Not everything is perfect here either. Wood is a living material. This is his advantage and disadvantage at the same time. The wood smells good, it is pleasant to touch it. But solid pieces of wood are prone to deformation. The tree is afraid of drought and dampness. It is prone to drying out and cracking. Due to the anisotropic structure of the wood, the deformation of lumber always occurs unevenly: individual beams noticeably bend and twist. This leads to deformation of the frame structure. Forced drying of wood in chambers reduces this lack of wood. Another effective solution is the use of glued sawn timber. An example is glued laminated timber, wooden I-beams with a wall made of OSB-3 (I-beam) or LVL (resembles plywood). The disadvantage of wooden I-beams (I-beams or Joist) is the low weight. For intermediate floors, it is preferable to use massive beams.
When constructing beams and frame partitions made of ordinary sawn timber, you need to be prepared for the fact that some of the beams may "come out" of the plane (especially if tightened with flooring or sheathing of partitions). It takes a plane and patience. This problem does not arise with SIP overlap devices.
Less problems with the use of SIP panels for the overlap between the upper floor and the attic, if the latter is not used as an attic. Often, the attic floor is assembled from wall SIP panels.
A rafter roof for a Canadian house is always made in the case of a "cold" attic. If there is a warm room directly under the roof of a Canadian house (attic, second light), then SIP panels are often used for roofing. With this design, we immediately get both a warm roof and a ready-made solid sheathing for soft tiles.
Conventional wall panels with a thickness of 174 mm are often suitable for roof construction. They are warm and durable enough. Uncomplicated design solutions (girders resting on the gables and the inner walls of the attic) ensure sufficient strength of the roof made of SIP wall panels, even with large slopes. In particular, SIP wall panels can be installed on a rafter system:
Laying soft tiles and other roofing materials directly on the SIP panel without a ventilation duct (gap) contradicts the general principles of the roofing "pie". Bituminous shingles close the steam outlet from the SIP structure to the outside. There is information on the Internet about the unpleasant consequences of such a constructive decision.

The photo shows that the main damage to the SIP cladding occurred in the area of the panel joints. The most likely reason is the penetration of steam under the waterproofing underlay of soft tiles from the attic through poor-quality joints of SIP panels. When installing a soft roof directly on the SIP surface it is necessary to vaporize the joints SIP panels from the side of the premises. Can be with adhesive tape:

This rule should be adhered to for external wall decoration from SIP. If something obstructing the escape of steam is mounted directly on the SIP casing without a ventilation gap, the joints of the SIP panels should be well vaporized from the side of the premises. As it is said in the homeland of SIP technology, "This is why foam plus tape makes so much sense to us."

For the same reason, it is undesirable to vaporize SIP structures of zero (bottom) overlap. from below from the side of the underground. This is often done with bitumen mastics because "customers love it." This does not increase the lifespan of the overlap. Care must be taken to ensure good ventilation of the subfloor by providing sufficient ventilation in the plinth!

With poor ventilation of the underground, bitumen mastic will hide from the eyes the problems with the OSB-3 cladding, which are possible due to constant moisture, which will not allow taking the necessary measures to eliminate the causes in time. The same thing can happen as with OSB-3 under the bituminous roof in the photo above.

For external protection of the enclosing structures from moisture, special vapor-permeable membranes (wind protection) are used, which protect the structure from precipitation and wind, but do not prevent steam from escaping from the structure.

About vapor barrier

It doesn't have to be film. Many finishing materials can serve as a vapor barrier for the building envelope.

For example, OSB-3 board with a thickness of 12 mm prevents the diffusion of water vapor as a vapor barrier (Sd> 2 m according to DIN 52615), therefore SIP panels do not need vapor barrier.

Other examples are resilient plaster, laminate on synthetic backing, etc. Linoleum will protect the bottom floor from both steam and moisture.

The basic rule for the construction of multilayer enclosing structures is that the vapor permeability of the wall should increase from the inner surface (warm room) to the outer (street). If you do the opposite, give steam from a warm room an easy entrance and make it difficult to exit, then it will remain in the enclosing structure, wetting and destroying the building material.

assemble external and load-bearing walls from SIP panels
interior partitions at will (frame partitions can be installed at the finishing stage)
assemble the interfloor from beams
make the zero (bottom) overlap of SIP 224 mm thick - you won't regret it!
If possible, assemble a simple roof over the attic from SIP, in other cases, make a rafter roof
the attic floor can be made of self-supporting insulated wire, or along the beams.

If, later, in some place of the joints of the self-supporting insulated wire panels, a place not filled with foam is found, there is no need to panic. The defect can be easily eliminated at any time. It is enough to make a small hole in the sheathing of the self-supporting insulated wire panel and fill the voids with polyurethane foam.

If the exterior decoration of the house is postponed, it is better to hide the outer walls of the self-supporting insulated wire of the house from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and oblique rain. The polyurethane foam, which is not protected from sunlight, quickly collapses, the wood dries out and cracks (especially on the sunny side). Because of this, during heavy slanting rain, moisture can penetrate into the structures.

To prevent this from happening, you need to seal the resulting gaps with a mounting bar. Increased attention should be paid to protecting the joints of walls with ceilings from rain. The easiest and most inexpensive way is to sheathe the outside of the walls with a membrane (windscreen) that does not let moisture into the walls, but releases steam outside.

A few comments on the operation of a "freshly built" house from self-supporting insulated wire. For various reasons, the structure of the house may contain excess moisture. Most often it is bad weather. It is rarely possible to assemble a house without rain.

Excess moisture from the structure enters the air, therefore, at the initial stages of house operation, increased air humidity in the premises is possible. During this period, increased attention to airing the house is necessary.

Insufficient ventilation can lead to problems, since humidity and heat are a fertile environment for blackness and even mold to appear on the surface of a tree. Ventilation and treatment of problem areas with a protective composition effectively eliminates adverse consequences. But it is better not to allow them.

You need to be especially careful during the cold season. Despite the cold, the first time the windows in all rooms must be kept ajar. Turning on the heating in a blocked room can cause the air humidity to rise so that the dew point is on the surface of the walls.

Unfavorable conditions for wooden structures can arise when only part of the rooms is heated. Water vapor from warm rooms enters cold ones and there condenses on the walls. Dampness is formed with all the ensuing consequences.