Do-it-yourself warm balcony: we equip the walls, floor. How to properly insulate a loggia or balcony in an apartment Warm loggia with your own hands

Warm balcony (loggia), this is cool, but how to achieve it? Let's figure it out. In this topic, we will not speculate about the insulation of the balcony (loggia) itself, but about what can serve as a source of heat on the already insulated balcony (loggia).

Let me start with the painful one! Once again, I came across recommendations on the network to heat the balcony (loggia) at the expense of central heating batteries, by transferring them from the adjacent (combined) room.

True, some immediately unsubscribe that this cannot be done. Already good and thanks for that. You can not give such recommendations for heating and even more

CARRY OUT THE CENTRAL HEATING BATTERIES ON THE BALCONY OR LOGGIA !!!

For those who are in the tank, read the housing code, namely:

Article 25. Types of reconstruction and redevelopment of living quarters
Article 26. Grounds for reconstruction and (or) redevelopment of living quarters

The withdrawal of central heating batteries is strictly prohibited !!!

You can also get acquainted with such documents:

SNiP 2.04.05.1991 "Heating, ventilation and air conditioning"
SNiP 31-01-2003 "Residential apartment buildings"

Making a warm balcony and at the same time lengthening the supply pipes and transferring heating radiators to glazed loggias and balconies is prohibited (Resolution No. 73-PP dated 08.02.2005)

Well, if you cannot agree on these issues, then you will never see permission for redevelopment !!!

BLIND AWESOME !!!

A warm balcony (loggia) with a similar redevelopment is an unacceptable option for those who want to live in peace. Yes, and such transferred pipes look just "wretched" !!! The beauty is incredible.

I hope you don’t do that. And by the way, "feed" the warm water floor from the central heating system for the same reasons IT IS FORBIDDEN!!! Based on this, we will not consider these heating methods for our warm balcony (loggia).

By the way, such options sometimes appear from the absence "Clear" or loggias so to speak. Some have a vague idea of what and how they do ....

Warm balcony (loggia). What heat sources can be for heating

So, available heat sources:

Electric convectors
(electric version is suitable for balconies (loggias)
Oil heaters
Infrared heaters
Film infrared warm floor
Carbon mats
Self-adjusting film
Electrical cable
Self-regulating cable
Heat conditioner
Breathe more often (kidding)

Well, there are various variations of all these methods. As you can see, there are plenty to choose from. The choice is more than varied, you will not be allowed to freeze. Here you can already think about growing flowers.

Cool lighting of the windowsill. I plan to stir up this one too

All these methods are electric, no other has yet been invented. Therefore, decide for yourself what is more suitable for you personally so that you have a warm balcony (loggia). Some energy savings, some exterior, and some both.

I described my attitude to the “masterpieces” in the title of which the word film appears in the article: ““.

Well, if not for my laminate, by the way, there is a funny article on the site "Laminate as flooring or calculation incidents" read it, then I would probably choose a tile as a floor covering, tk. it has a high thermal conductivity, and in combination with a layer of cement screed and tile adhesive, it accumulates heat well. Well, I would have picked up some kind of cable with a thermostat for this case. Nothing hangs on the walls, nothing interferes with the floor and no wires. This is purely my opinion.

Be sure to consider for yourself a warm balcony or loggia made according to this principle. I think this is a very successful combination. A warm balcony will definitely be here. And do not forget that all this is good only on properly glazed and carefully. About.

And the article “Balcony parapet, an important part of glazing” should also be useful. I highly recommend finding and reading it. Many will have something to think about.

For example, in my apartment. This loggia, which is 3.60 long and 1 meter wide, in my opinion does not need a powerful heat source due to a very large and extremely warm battery in the room (I also wrote about this). The temperature at the border of the loggia and the room is kept at around 23 degrees, even in severe frosts. In the room itself, somewhere around 25 degrees, and on the loggia 20-21 degrees on average, it strongly depends on the sun, sometimes it reaches 28. It suits me perfectly (we are talking about winter now).

Recently, the concept of expanding the living space of an apartment at the expense of a loggia has become more and more popular. A warm loggia opens up many possibilities - you can move part of the kitchen space here, place a rest room, equip a study, etc. It all depends on the preferences and personal taste of the apartment owners.

Insulation works

However, in order to make this room cozy and really warm, you will need to do a number of works. This includes:

Glazing.
Sealing of seams and joints.
Insulation of floors, side walls and ceilings.
Heating systems device.

To turn the balcony into a full-fledged living space, all insulation work must be carried out in a comprehensive manner and at the same time.

Let's consider step by step how to make the loggia warm.

Glazing

The glazing of the loggia is the main condition for creating a thermal circuit that prevents the penetration of the street cold inside. This is one of the most crucial stages in the transformation of this utility room of the apartment into a full-fledged room, so you should approach it as responsibly as possible.

First of all, the windows must be large enough, because through them the bulk of the sunlight will flow into the inner rooms - the hall and the kitchen. The larger the glazing area, the brighter it will be during the day in the apartment. But on the other hand, it is through the windows that the main heat loss occurs in the room - the larger the windows, the more intense the heat transfer between the interior space and the street will be. Therefore, windows for insulating a loggia should be chosen as warm as possible. If these are plastic windows, then at least with three- or four-chamber double-glazed windows. If classic windows with wooden frames - then with double glazing.

Sealing seams

The next step in warming the loggia is sealing all seams and joints. If you leave at least small through slots at the joints of the balcony structures, then cold air will penetrate under the inner lining. This will be especially felt on windy winter days, when cold drafts can negate all the work of warming the room. Therefore, before making a warm loggia, it is recommended to carefully examine the joints of the balcony slab, the enclosing parapet and the side walls. If cracks are found, they must be covered with plaster or putty mortar.

Particular attention should be paid to window structures. All joints of window units with parapet and walls should be carefully sealed with polyurethane foam. It is necessary to stick a sealant on the sashes of wooden frames in the places of their contact with window blocks.

Wall insulation

After all the seams have been carefully sealed, you can start to work on the insulation of the outer walls, ceilings and floors. At the same time, one should with equal responsibility approach the insulation of the entire internal space, with the exception of the wall between the balcony and the interior rooms of the apartment. If necessary, the balcony entrance group can be completely dismantled. On the one hand, this will improve the illumination of the apartment, and on the other, it will allow warm air heated by the radiators of the central heating system to enter the insulated balcony.

Work on the arrangement of the thermal circuit should begin with sheathing the front part of the loggia with heat-insulating materials - the railing of the fence or brick parapet. Experts recommend fixing the insulation from the outside of the fence. So, the brick parapet will cool less in winter, and condensation will not form in the interior. But in practice, such an option with your own hands is often impracticable due to the need to attract special equipment and specialists in high-altitude work.

In addition, if you decide to insulate the balcony from the outside, you should obtain the appropriate permission from the management company or the city's architectural committee. It should not be forgotten that the facade of the building is a common property of the house.

Thermal insulation of the balcony from the inside

In this regard, insulation is more often done from the inside. To do this, you can use almost any available thermal insulation - polystyrene, penofol, mineral board, etc. The main thing is that the material has sufficient thermal insulation properties. It should be noted that it is necessary to insulate not only the front fence of the loggia and the side walls. Floors and ceilings should also be carefully covered with insulation. The fact is that non-insulated concrete slabs, cooling from the outside air in winter, will take heat not only from the balcony room, but also from adjacent rooms.

A vapor barrier should be laid on top of the insulation, for example, isospan. It will prevent condensation from entering the room and will prevent windows from fogging up with accumulation of dampness. It is possible for these purposes to use liquid waterproofing compounds, which are applied to concrete and brick structures from the inside with a brush. As a "finishing touch", on top of the heat-insulating material on the walls and ceiling, an internal decorative sheathing made of plasterboard, lining, chipboard is attached. The floors are covered with boards and any kind of flooring.

The video below describes very well how to insulate a loggia:

To create and maintain a comfortable temperature, a heating system should be brought to the insulated balcony.

It should be borne in mind that according to the standards for the use of residential premises, apartment owners do not have the right to make changes to the circuits of the central heating system without approval.

That is, if you decide to install heating radiators on the loggia and connect them to the heating system of a residential building, then this may result in a fine and an order to bring the heating system of the apartment back to its original state.

Loggia heating system

Therefore, the best way out is to install electric heaters. In this case, heaters and heat guns can hardly be considered as a permanent source of heat due to the high consumption of electricity. It is much more profitable to use the "warm floors" system. It consists of insulated wires placed under the floor, enclosed in a polymer film. When plugged in, they begin to heat up, giving off heat to the floor. The advantage of such a system is great efficiency with minimal electricity consumption. "Warm floors" evenly warm up the room, creating the most comfortable temperature in the lower half of the room.

Another option is infrared refractors. They are placed on the ceiling or at the top of the wall. When the system is turned on, the rays heat the surface of the walls and floor, creating the required temperature. When installing underfloor heating systems or infrared refractors, the manufacturer's instructions should be followed exactly. And finally - it should be remembered that only comprehensive work on insulating the loggia will make it possible to turn it into a full-fledged living space.

The zealous owners prefer not to clutter up the balcony with things that have served their time, but to use its area with maximum benefit. A rational solution for apartments with a rather limited space is the transformation of a balcony or loggia into a living space. Here you can equip a recreation room, an office for work, even a small library or a mini-gym. But first, of course, you need to make the balcony warm.

The sequence of works on the insulation of the balcony

The first step is to work on the glazing of the balcony. The question arises: what materials are window systems made of which better save heat, the loss of which, by the way, through windows, can reach 40%?

In this case, it is most advisable to use PVC (polyvinyl chloride) windows, consisting of multi-chamber profiles with reinforcing metal inserts, which perfectly retain heat, are unpretentious in maintenance and are durable. In addition, plastic windows have an aesthetic appearance. Aluminum and wood frames are unlikely to provide adequate thermal insulation.

To save time, money and get a high-quality result, it is important to adhere to a certain sequence of work.

High-quality glazing is the first step in arranging a warm balcony. It starts with dismantling old frames and cleaning openings. The choice of double-glazed windows depends on the design of the balcony and the preferences of the owner. High-quality windows are distinguished by high rates of noise and heat insulation.
The first stage of insulation will be working with the floor. The old coating is dismantled and the floor is cleaned of construction debris. Make a cement-sand screed.
For floor insulation, foam sheets are most suitable. A material with strength and sufficient rigidity will do an excellent job. Further actions depend on whether the floor will be equipped with heating or not.
It is highly desirable to insulate the ceiling, especially if it is the last floor. More often, penofol is used for this purpose - rolled foil insulation.
Next, they begin to insulate the wall under the windows. It is worth noting that it will not work to achieve a comfortable temperature on the balcony in winter if the parapet, ceiling and floor are not insulated. You can lay out the parapet with a brick, or make a crate and insulate it with mineral wool or foam, after laying a waterproofing film.
Then the side walls are insulated. After installing the heat-insulating material, all gaps must be carefully filled with polyurethane foam.
After finishing the insulation work, they start finishing. There are so many facing materials that differ in texture, color, and performance that it is not difficult to choose the most suitable option for decorating a balcony.

Now about all the stages in more detail, omitting the glazing, which is best entrusted to professionals.

Balcony insulation materials

The most important requirement for heaters that are used on balconies is a low weight of materials in order to prevent excessive load on the floors. In addition, the insulation must have a low thermal conductivity. The thickness of the insulating layer largely depends on this indicator. An equally important point is the sealing of all seams, joints and cracks that have arisen during the glazing of the balcony. They should be filled with polyurethane foam or other sealant. This will protect against moisture penetration through the gaps and generally improve the thermal insulation of the balcony. And if you do not take care of waterproofing, then soon condensation will begin to form on the balcony, which is fraught with the appearance of mold and mildew.

The material for insulation of the ceiling, floor, sides and facade must be of high quality. The most economical option is foam based insulation. They are lightweight and relatively cheap. There are also disadvantages - fragility and fragility. Good results can be achieved by using mineral wool for thermal insulation.

Foiloizolon perfectly copes with the task - a hydro-vapor barrier material, which is a porous polyethylene with a lavsan or metallized polypropylene film. It does not accumulate moisture, prevents the formation of condensation, retains heat, reflecting it into the room. Folgoizolon with a thickness of 4 mm is able to keep heat in the same way as a layer of mineral wool 80 mm or a wall of 1.5 bricks.

What needs to be done before insulation

Before you start insulating the balcony, it is necessary to restore all weak and damaged parts of the structure. Particular attention should be paid to the places where the reinforcement protrudes onto the surface. Revealed cracks and destroyed areas are repaired using cement mortar. If we neglect this, then the corrosion processes developing under the layer of thermal insulation will simply destroy the base of the balcony.

All surfaces, that is, the ceiling, walls, floor, which are planned to be insulated, must be treated with an antiseptic. This will prevent mold, which often grows in warm, humid environments.

We insulate the floor

Waterproofing is laid on the leveled concrete base. There is no doubt that it should be of high quality. After all, moisture can penetrate from below. Materials such as waterproofing, isospan, etc. are suitable as waterproofing.
Wooden logs are laid on top of it (timber 60x100 mm).
Insulation is placed in the intervals between the lags. This is usually styrofoam. It is possible to lay thinner material, which is laid in several layers, up to the height of the bars. The insulation should fit very tightly. It is advisable to avoid gaps between the sheets. If, nevertheless, gaps have formed, we use polyurethane foam.
A layer of vapor barrier is laid on top of the insulation, then the subfloor is laid.
It is possible to lay the flooring only after completing all the work on the thermal insulation of the ceiling and walls. If the sequence of work is violated, there is a high probability of damage.

Ceiling insulation

Ceiling insulation can be carried out using fairly common and practical materials: penoplex, polystyrene, mineral wool, foamed polyethylene foam (penofol). Styrofoam is attached to the ceiling with special glue (this can be adhesive for ceramic tiles), and is fixed with dowel mushrooms at five points - in the corners and in the center. When using foam, which retains heat better, you can work with thinner panels - from 20 mm. Polyfoam is inferior to penoplex in many technical characteristics. But the latter has a serious disadvantage - high cost.

If penofol (rolled foil material) is chosen as insulation, then it should be glued to the antiseptic treated and cleaned ceiling surface. For this purpose, PVA joiner's glue is sometimes used. You can prevent bubbles by using a roller and rolling the material. Penofol is also glued to polyurethane foam. Such insulation is well suited for rigid cladding: drywall, MDF, PVC panels, slatted ceiling, lining.

In the case of insulation with mineral wool, it can be tightly laid in the ceiling cavity, on the constructed suspension frame. When working with any kind of this insulation, it is recommended to use protective equipment: glasses, closed clothing, gloves, it is advisable to wear a respirator. When starting the process of thermal insulation of the ceiling, it is important to make sure that there are no places for moisture penetration.

Wall insulation

Thermal insulation of walls begins with the installation of the lathing, which can be made using a wooden beam (40x40 or 50x50 mm). But, if the insulation has a greater thickness, then it should be mounted on support blocks, moving the crate in this way from the wall to the required distance.

First, install the vertical parts (racks). They are placed in the corners of the balcony and on the walls. The optimal distance is considered to be about 50 cm between adjacent bars. Fastening to the wall is carried out using dowels. Then the racks are connected with crossbars. Often, the crate is made using the following rule: horizontal bars are fixed at shoulder, belt and knee level. This method helps to avoid punching the cladding. The step is more than 50 cm, but the efficiency of this design is higher.

Insulation (often polystyrene) is closely placed in the formed cells. Fix it to the wall using foam glue or expanded polystyrene glue. A vapor barrier is laid on top - a membrane or polyethylene. Do not neglect vapor barrier in an effort to save money. Otherwise, the formation of condensation cannot be avoided and, as a result, the moisture of the insulation. This, in turn, significantly reduces the effectiveness of thermal insulation.

Next, the balcony is finished with the selected materials. But before you start it, you should solve all the issues with the electrical wiring in order to arrange lighting and sockets. Almost all materials that are available in the rest of the apartment can be used as finishing for the floor. For wall cladding, plastic or wooden lining, MDF, drywall are most often used.

Heating methods

In our climatic conditions, it is impossible to do without balcony heating in winter, but since the output of central heating to this room is not provided for and is prohibited by building codes, it is worth considering other options. There are at least two of them. One is the arrangement of the floor with a heating system, which is mounted under the floor covering. Compared to radiators, this method of heating is the most profitable option, in which less electricity is consumed and heat is distributed more evenly.

The electrical elements of the heating system are attached to the surface of the concrete base. Upon completion of the installation, it is required to cover the installed electrical element with a cement-sand screed. Then the finishing is done.

An alternative heating method can be, for example, an electric fireplace or other heating devices (radiator, heater, air conditioner). In conditions of small dimensions of this room, it is better to use oil radiators. The power of the device should be approximately 1.5-2 kW. You should be prepared for the fact that the numbers in the electricity bills will rise significantly.

The balcony can be heated using ceiling-type infrared heaters, which is very convenient and practical. They are fixed to the ceiling, therefore, they do not occupy an already small area. The principle of operation of such heaters is curious. They heat the very surfaces of the floor, walls, furniture and objects on the balcony with heat rays. Further, the already heated surfaces begin to return the received heat to the surrounding space. As a result, a few minutes are enough to warm up the air in the room to a comfortable room temperature.

And, perhaps, the most important thing that needs to be done even before the start of all the insulation work and the transformation of the balcony into a living space. It is necessary to obtain special permission, so to speak, to legalize the conduct of such work. This is especially important if you intend to combine a room with a balcony. Compliance with the formalities will allow you to avoid many problems in the future.

To create a cozy and warm balcony, you need to carry out quite large-scale work. But it's still worth doing it - after all, the advantages are obvious. The living space increases, and the apartment gains reliable insulation from noise, drafts and dust. The source of significant heat loss disappears when heat leaves the apartment through the balcony door. With a glazed and insulated balcony, the very probability of this disappears.

Balcony insulation is always a topical issue, especially for people who value comfort above all else. Who would not want to go out barefoot on a warm balcony in cold seasons to breathe fresh air without feeling discomfort and cold. In this article, we'll just talk about how to make a balcony warm, turning it into a comfortable corner.

There are such ways insulation of loggias and balconies, as usual glazing of balconies of a house, double-glazed windows in combination with special insulation, installation of heating systems - including floor heating. Below we will consider each of the options.

1. CONVENTIONAL SOLUTION. This method involves the installation of a frame made of various materials - metal, wood or plastic. Glasses are inserted into the frames, which can be ordinary or tinted. With the help of such a glass unit, you can slightly reduce street noise and raise the temperature by 3-4 ° C. As a result, you get an ordinary veranda - a closed cold space. Indicative price such glazing: wood - from $ 230 (3-meter balcony | loggia) to $ 400 (for 6 m), aluminum - from $ 340 to $ 800 (respectively, for 3-6 m of the balcony), plastic frame (PVC) - from $ 570 to $ 900. The price includes - frame, visor, window sill, installation. Takeaway | the roof is paid additionally.

2 . PARTIAL INSULATION... This option provides for the installation of a window profile, the room is sealed with foam or other sealant. Sealing will increase thermal insulation and resist water ingress. Powder paint is applied to the aluminum profile, which is not only decoration, but also additional protection. The room is covered from the inside, for which, as a rule, lining, plastic panels or other materials are used. But still, it is better to decorate the balcony with wood. Such a solution will make it more comfortable and modern, but it will not add much warmth.

In this case price the issue will increase by the cost of the heat-insulating and finishing materials chosen by you, plus the payment for the work of a hired specialist. In total (material and work), it will turn out to be about $ 20-35 per m2, depending on the materials.

3 . FULL INSULATION... In addition to frames, in this case, it is necessary to carry out waterproofing, lay insulation on the floor, ceiling and around the entire perimeter, sheathe the walls and ceiling with special material, and make lighting.

To make the balcony even warmer, you can equip it with a heating system and build additional interior walls. Remember that you cannot take steam heating pipes to the balcony, but you can use an electric fireplace and other heating devices.

Most often, tiles or porcelain stoneware are placed on the floor of the loggias. This solution will make the room even more comfortable and beautiful. And by installing an electric underfloor heating, you can completely heat the balcony. The basis of work warm floor is a heating cable, and the temperature regime is maintained by a special thermostat. Note that in this method of insulation, a heating cable is installed under the screed so that the power per square meter is at least 180 watts.

"Heating floor"- the actual modern trend. There are CALEO film systems (price from $ 35 / sq. M) and cable electric (about $ 60 / sq. M, a thermostat is purchased separately - from $ 20). There are other brands as well. The total cost of organizing a warm floor (heating system, floor covering and the work of a specialist) - from $ 100 per sq. m.

When choosing a complete balcony heating system, you can use a thermostat with an air temperature sensor (usually located in the thermostat itself), it will maintain a more comfortable temperature in the room, and the floor temperature sensor will not let the heating cable overheat.

An insulated balcony can almost instantly turn into a comfortable room demanded by all family members - it can be designed as a comfortable study, a playroom, and a rest area. Flower lovers can turn a warm loggia into a mini-garden or even a vegetable garden, where a decent harvest can be grown in winter. Due to the balcony or loggia, you can significantly increase the area of the room. However, before transforming the balcony into a comfortable and functional resting place, it should be insulated and the interior refined.

There are various ways to insulate a balcony. On an open-type balcony, a parapet and side walls are arranged, using ceramic bricks or foam blocks for this, then glazing is performed. This will help to slightly raise the temperature on the balcony, as well as protect it from dust and noise from the street. To make the balcony really warm and cozy will help the device of thermal insulation and systems "warm floors".

In order to equip a warm balcony, it is necessary to perform a certain set of works, each stage of which is of particular importance, including:

laying of thermal insulation;
installation of a "warm floor" system;
purchase of heating devices.

Before insulating the balcony, you should decide on the choice of materials and tools. Today the market offers a wide selection of insulation, limited only by personal preferences and room volumes. The most popular options include:

mineral wool;
Styrofoam;
penoplex (extruded polystyrene foam).

Do-it-yourself balcony insulation with penoplex

Wall insulation

Modern heat-insulating materials provide a high degree of protection of walls from the cold, and if the technology of insulation of balconies is fully observed, the transformation of a balcony into a comfortable and warm room is quite possible. As reliable and effective heaters, it is recommended to use isolon, polystyrene, mineral wool, penoplex, penofol, as well as lining and siding that have already become familiar. With significant differences in thickness and structure of all these materials, the methods of installation are similar to each other.

Insulation with siding. The first step is to pull and fasten the wind barrier with a stapler. This operation is performed simultaneously with the laying of the siding. The wind barrier is directly adjacent to the walls of the loggia, preventing the penetration of cold air. Next, a frame of rails is attached, between the section and between which a roll insulation (mineral wool) or foam is laid. Mineral wool is easy to install, its edges do not protrude beyond the outer plane, without interfering with the fastening of plastic or drywall panels. At the same time, when laying mineral wool, you should be careful: you need to work in gloves and a respirator, wear clothes that cover your hands and the whole body from small particles of insulation.
Insulation with foam panels. The methods of insulating a loggia using foam are quite simple: the fixed foam plates are stacked tightly to each other, and foam is blown into the junction points. Flat pieces of foam are laid in wide slots, and they are also fixed with polyurethane foam.

The laid layer of mineral wool or foam is covered with cellophane film, fixing it at the joints with an overlapping stapler, and gypsum board, PVC or IMF panels are applied on top. The film can be purchased at the Gidrobarrier store. If you plan to insulate the balcony under plaster, a small reinforcing mesh is attached over the film.

Floor insulation

Mineral wool and foam are also used for floor insulation. If this is not enough, you can install a "warm floor" system.

Comfortable and stylish on the balcony looks like a wooden floor made of well-finished boards, covered with a glossy or matte varnish. The boards are laid on wooden logs and fixed to them with screws. To install the joists, the floor surface is completely cleaned from the previous coating. To preserve heat, mineral wool or foam is laid between the logs.

OSB boards can be laid on top of the boards and varnished. If necessary, you can lay linoleum, carpet or carpet on top.

Insulation of the balcony with penoplex

When leveling the floor of a balcony or loggia with a concrete screed, after it has solidified, 20 mm high (35th) density foam is laid, on which OSB slabs 10 mm thick are then laid. In this way, a reliable, protecting room from the penetration of cold air is also created.
The most effective insulating means are “warm floors” systems, which are at the same time the most expensive option.

Roof insulation

It is most convenient to insulate with foam - this is facilitated by its lightness and sufficient rigidity during installation, as well as excellent thermal insulation qualities. In the case, and as a ceiling there is a balcony slab on top, the ceiling can not be insulated, but a decision should be made only after evaluating the specific conditions.

Foam insulation. For the device of the roof, aluminum-galvanized corrugated board is most often used. A metal or wooden frame is arranged under it for fastening a 55 mm thick foam insulation. Lastly, MDF, PVC or drywall panels are attached. Only in the presence of insulation, a roof made of corrugated board will be able to protect the balcony from the effects of cold weather.

In width, such a frame is about 1 meter; both layers of insulation and lower panels are conveniently mounted on it. In order for the foam sheets to hold tightly in the grooves intended for them, they are cut out a little larger (by a few mm) in size. This contributes to a denser arrangement of the insulation without additional fasteners. All remaining slots remaining after the assembly of all parts are blown out with polyurethane foam.

Thermal insulation with mineral wool. The most suitable option is mineral wool with foil fixed on one side. Foil mineral wool has high thermal insulation and energy-saving properties - the foil layer does not allow heat to escape from the inside of the room, while preventing cold air from entering the room.

Insulation of the ceiling on the balcony with mineral wool

In order for the material to be firmly held on the ceiling, a frame of 50 × 20 mm wooden slats is required, the same as when covering the balcony railing. When winding the slats, you can not adhere to a certain order - this will help to better hold the insulating material.

The main thing is to make sure that the distance between the slats is sufficient, and the layer of mineral wool does not protrude beyond the limits of the slats.

Finishing works

To avoid the appearance of condensation between the insulation and the wall cladding, it is necessary to prevent moisture from entering the insulation and cladding layers. The following are used as vapor barrier reflective materials:

special polyethylene films;
single and multi-layer membranes, single and double-sided.

Balcony vapor barrier with your own hands

The water vapor generated during the operation of the room gets on the vapor barrier film, remains on it and evaporates quickly. In the absence of a vapor barrier layer, evaporation penetrates directly into the insulation, remaining in it for a long time and leading to a gradual deterioration of its properties and damage due to the occurrence of fungus and mold.

How to install "warm floors"

When choosing the option of installing "warm floors", you can be guided by your own preferences and capabilities. The main selection criteria are:

system installation cost:
the cost of its operation.

The main options for "warm floors" are systems:

water;
electrical;
heating mats.

For water heating, it is enough to lay a flexible pipeline of the appropriate diameter in the floor, connecting it to a heating system or hot water supply, having done this with the permission of the organization that operates the house.

For electric heating, a special electric heating cable of a certain power is laid in the floor. The organization of work provides for the unconditional fulfillment of electrical safety requirements during cable laying and further operation of "warm floors". The order and features of laying, the power and length of the cable are determined by calculations, in accordance with the instructions.

The easiest to install are heating mats, which are laid directly on the screed and covered with a finishing floor covering.

How to install an electric underfloor heating system

Calculations for the preparation and laying of the heating cable are carried out in accordance with many parameters, including taking into account the desired air temperature in the room, its dimensions, etc. The cable is laid along the perimeter of the balcony (if its dimensions are small), or along the balcony in the form of a "coil" , with a certain step between parallel sections. Laying it along the length of the balcony reduces the number of cable bends.

For the cable to the floor, when laying, a mounting tape is used, which is fixed to the floor. The mounting tape has special petal brackets, in which each turn of the cable is fixed. The possibility of turning on and adjusting the supply of electricity to the warm floor is carried out by means of a thermostat connected to a cable and attached to the wall of the balcony at a convenient height. After completing the specified work, the system is checked for operability, after which the floor screed is made. The floor covering must have a high degree of thermal conductivity in order to transfer the maximum amount of heat into the room.

Installation of underfloor heating on the balcony

How to choose heating devices for an insulated balcony or loggia

If the balcony was insulated in order to transform it into a living space, all stages of the work should be performed sequentially. In this case, of course, it will be difficult to do without heating devices. The most suitable option for heating devices are convectors, which are quite economical in operation, capable of creating a constant temperature in the room. In combination with an adjustable system of "warm floors", convectors will provide all conditions for a comfortable stay in the newly created living space.

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