How to make an extension to the veranda with your own hands. Building a veranda to the house with your own hands

A house outside the city is a place where you can have a good rest from everyday worries and relax. Therefore, every owner of a suburban area tries to make it as comfortable and beautiful as possible. Creating a veranda is one of the most popular ways to improve a site. This building advantageously expands the residential area, and with the right approach to building a veranda with your own hands, you can not heat it and spend time at any time of the year.

What is a veranda

This is a closed or open terrace, which is located along the facade of a residential building. This room was built into the house from the beginning or added later. As a rule, it is not heated. It can have glazed windows and doors (veranda) or it can do without them (terrace). The design of the veranda should correspond to the general appearance of the house and be in the same style with it. For example, you can build a brick veranda for a wooden house, but it will be ugly. Better to make it out of wood too. The roof is usually made for a veranda with a slope, using the same roofing material as for the roof of the house.

One of the defining aspects of the overall appearance of the terrace is the location and shape of the windows and doors. The shape and patterns of the bindings of window and door openings will help you make your extension original and beautiful.

Photo: options for premises from various materials

Cozy veranda Simple open veranda under construction
Spacious bright veranda Open terrace Veranda with equipped recreation room View of the veranda from the street

Modern verandas are rooms that have not been cluttered with work clothes and household utensils for a long time. Now these are full-fledged premises and extensions of a residential building, the arrangement of which is approached with all seriousness and responsibility.

Design is the most important stage in the construction of any structure, including a veranda. At this stage, you need to create a sketch on which a general view of the structure will be drawn by hand, and a detailed design drawing, indicating all measurements and the necessary materials for construction. The more detailed the project is, the easier it will be to build later. After all, you will know in advance how long, for example, a board you need for this or that element, as well as how many such boards are needed. The project will help you calculate the amount of material and the approximate cost of building a veranda.

There are many projects for the construction of an open veranda

If you do not have drawing skills, then the project can be spied on in open sources or order an individual one from specialists.

How to make the foundation correctly

To build a veranda, it is enough to erect a columnar or strip base, the depth of which will be equal to the depth of the base of the house. Experts do not recommend associating the main foundation with the base of the extension due to the differences in weight. They will not shrink equally and this can lead to deformations of the extension. Leave a gap of 30–40 mm between these two substrates.

The choice of the right type of foundation depends on what material the extension will be made of and on the characteristics of the soil. For example, for the construction of heavy brick extensions, it is better to make a strip foundation, and for wooden lungs, a columnar base is enough.

Tape base: step-by-step construction instructions

The dimensions of the foundation for the extension must be the same as the dimensions of the base of the house.

For the foundation to be solid, it needs to be “watered” at first. Especially on hot days. Moisten it with water and cover with plastic wrap. So, it will not crack.

Columnar base

For light timber or polycarbonate verandas, the construction of a columnar foundation is ideal. The recommended depth of the pits for the posts is 800–1100 mm. For a small veranda (3x4 meters), it will be enough to install support structures only in the corners. But for greater reliability, it is better to insure yourself and make intermediate pillars. The distance between the supports should ideally be 80-100 centimeters.

The parameters of the pillars must be carefully calculated

1. Dig holes for the supporting structures. Using a drill will greatly facilitate the task.
2. Make a cave-crushed stone pillow for the posts. Sand with a layer of 150-200 mm, and crushed stone 100 mm. Tamp each layer well.
3. Make timber formwork and lay the reinforcement net.
4. Pour concrete to the full depth of the hole and let it harden.
5. After hardening, coat the concrete structures with bitumen.
6. Remove the formwork and cover all gaps with sand.
7. The ground part of the foundation is made of bricks. The height of their construction should be equal to the height of the base of the house.

Rough floor

It is better to start the construction of the subfloor immediately after the construction of the foundation, having previously waterproofed the base with roofing material in 2 layers.

The floor can be made of wood or concrete. The first option is better suited for a frame wooden veranda, the second for a massive brick.

How to build a wooden

Sub-floor device

1. Fix the bottom rail with anchors on the base. The strapping elements are connected to each other using galvanized nails.
2. Attach wood floor logs to the harness bars at a distance of 500 mm from each other.
3. Fill the space between them with expanded clay.
4. Using an uncut board or plywood about 5 cm thick, construct a decking that is attached to the floor joists with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

Create concrete

1. Fill the base with sand, the layer of which should be 100 mm.
2. Then comes a layer of expanded clay.
3. Lay a reinforcing net, the rods of which are 6–8 mm, and the cells are 250x250 mm.
4. Pour in concrete mix.
5. The thickness of the floor screed should be 3-5 cm.

It is important that the concrete surface is perfectly flat. Use a building level to control this during construction.

Wooden veranda: design and evocation

Option of a light wooden veranda

Wood is the most popular and ancient building material. This material does not give up its positions even with the appearance of new species.

In principle, building a veranda based on a wooden frame is a simple process. Almost anyone can do this task. Having correctly mounted the frame racks and protected them with shields or clapboard, a good veranda comes out.

Wood is an environmentally friendly raw material with a beautiful appearance. It is lightweight, which makes it much easier to work in the fundamental part of the building.

But, this is a flammable material. Therefore, sources of fire, such as a brazier, should be located at a safe distance from such a structure.

In addition, wooden structures need additional treatment with antiseptics, since the external environment and weather conditions do not work very well on this material.

For the construction of the veranda frame, use only high-quality wooden beams, the cross-section of which is 10x10 centimeters.

1. Make grooves in the beams of the lower harness, where the vertical supports will be installed in increments of 0.5 meters.
2. Install the supports using staples and screws or nails.

   Variants of fastening uprights

3. In order to make a pitched roof, vertical beams must be made of different heights. This means that where the bottom of the roof will be, the timber should be 500 mm lower than the place where the top of the roof will be.
4. Construct a sloped top rail for a pitched roof.
5. After you have made the top rail, you can install the roof rafters. Make an additional girder near the roof slope, fastening it to all supports with anchor bolts. If the roof is supposed to be heavy, then it is better to add transverse boards to the timber strapping. And attach racks and podcoms to them. Thus, the rafter system will be reliable for any type of roof.
6. The rafters are mounted at a distance of 500 mm. For them, a beam with a section of 10x20 cm is used.
7. The next stage is frame sheathing. Inside you can use clapboard, outside siding. Between them, you need to put waterproofing and thermal insulation materials. Do not forget about window and doorways.

   Wooden frame cladding

How to attach brick or foam blocks

Beautiful brick veranda

This is already a capital structure. If you do the work according to the rules, then it will be comfortable in such a building at any time of the year. In the summer heat it will be cool there, and in the winter cold it will be warm. A brick veranda is distinguished by its durability, fire safety and ease of maintenance.

But it also has a drawback. Namely, heaviness. Therefore, a strong foundation is required for its construction.

When the foundation and sub-floor are ready, you can start laying. Spoon masonry is distinguished, in which the total thickness of the walls is 12 cm; bonded masonry, with walls 25 cm and chain masonry, with walls 38 cm.

If the veranda is supposed to be used year-round, then you can make 2 rows of masonry and put waterproofing and heat-insulating materials between them.

You can also leave a single masonry. Then the insulation and waterproofing is laid between the brickwork and the material of the inner wall cladding.

Outside, finishing work remains at the discretion of the owner: it can be facing brick, it is allowed to sheathe the building with polycarbonate.

Calculation of the number of bricks for the terrace (table)

Roof: ceiling trim and other structural elements

To finish the work on the roof, you need to build a batten, lay layers of insulation and cover the surface with a finishing roofing material.

The lathing can be made solid for roll materials or thinned for sheet roofing. The first is made from OSB boards. They need to be attached to the rafters, leaving a gap of 10 mm. The sparse lathing is done with a step recommended by the manufacturers of the selected roofing. Usually it is about 300–350 mm. The lathing is attached to the rafter with galvanized nails or self-tapping screws.

Veranda roof

Place mineral wool in the cells between the batten of the battening part. This will be thermal insulation. Lay the waterproofing material on top, which is attached to the crate with the staples of a construction stapler.

For a solid version of the lathing, the heat-insulating material is laid inside the veranda, fixing it with the help of transverse slats added to the lathing.

The last stage is the laying of the roofing material. Ideally the same as the roof of the house.

Final work

Mount the subfloor joists to the wooden subfloor, between which it is necessary to install thermal insulation. Planks of the final floor are laid on top, which can be painted or varnished.

Insulate the floor of the veranda taking into account the climatic conditions of the region

Concrete floors can be finished in the same way as wood floors. And you can send it at your discretion, for example, put linoleum or tiles.

The last stage of construction is the installation of windows, doors and the improvement of the veranda. The better it is in the country, the more pleasant it will be to stay there in the summer.

It is not necessary to extend additional electrical wiring to the veranda. Here you can use an extension cord that extends from the house, and lighting devices are connected to it.

Video: do-it-yourself diagram for the construction of a corner veranda

Almost everyone can handle the construction of a veranda. This is a great place to relax, which is simply necessary for a summer cottage. Do not doubt the need for this extension. You will definitely enjoy spending your evenings in the cozy veranda room. Good luck!

A veranda attached to the house allows you to expand the living area, get a place for a comfortable stay. Closed (glazed), it also reduces heat loss at home. The best part is that you can do it yourself. Moreover, there are options that require substantial costs, there are inexpensive ones. There are many varieties, both in structure and in the materials used, you can arrange in any style.

What are

According to the method of construction, the veranda attached to the house can be closed - with glazing - or open. The open ones are used mainly in the warm season, the closed ones can serve as a place for recreation all year round. The veranda attached to the house can be of two types at once: part can be glazed (closed), part - open.

There are also passageways - this is when, in order to get into the house, you pass through it. Such extensions are located from the front of the house, sometimes from the side of the yard, if there are two exits from the house. Entrance to impassable only from home. It is impossible to get outside from such a veranda.

An extension can cover one, two or more sides of the house. If it covers two adjacent parts of the house, it is called a corner. Some of them occupy only part of the wall.

The forms are different. More often it is a rectangle, less often it is a hexagon, a semicircle, and other non-standard shapes (it is more difficult to build such). In short, these are all types of verandas attached to the house, but without taking into account the materials.

The perimeter extension gives the house an extravagant look

What materials are they made of

Most often, wooden verandas are made in our area. It is easier to work with wood, and it is not as expensive as in other countries. In areas where wood is very expensive, structural elements are made of metal, and the cladding is selected to your liking. It can be glass (double-glazed windows), polycarbonate.

They build the walls of the veranda from bricks, shell rock, rubble stone, building blocks. Just like a house, they are then finished or not, depending on the design of the main building. They can simply make a fence, as in the photo above.

If the tree is expensive, or is reluctant to regularly tinker with its processing, the veranda frame is assembled from metal. For this, a profile pipe, corners or channel bars are most often used - it depends on the material and size of the extension. It is easier to attach glass packs to metal, you can use polycarbonate instead of glazing. This material can be of different colors and different degrees of transparency. Despite the apparent fragility, there is a fairly durable material that is used for the construction of greenhouses. And if so, then in the veranda, if it is closed, it will keep warm well.

Veranda attached to the house: stages of construction

First of all, you need to decide on the type - open / closed, from what material, choose the type of foundation. You also need to decide what size it will have, where and how it will be located. It is desirable to draw all this on the plan. Better yet, order a project. Construction according to the project is rather an exception, but at least a plan with dimensions and an indication of the location, binding to paths, etc. you should have.

The construction of a veranda to the house with your own hands goes according to the following plan (we build from wood):

1. Use pegs and twine to mark out the contours.
2. Remove the sod and fertile layer. If this is not done, vegetation under the decking will rot, spreading odors.
3. Mark the foundation. At this stage, questions may arise: how high should it be. If the foundation is made incoherent and "floating", the level of the veranda flooring should be 5-10 cm below the floor level. This is necessary so that, even after rising, the extension does not block the front door. If you do not want the floor to be lower, you will have to make a high threshold in the front door: to guarantee the freedom of opening the door. The height of the support bar depends on the height at which the floor of the extension is located. It is nailed to the wall of the house, floor beams are attached to it. The height of the foundation is beaten off along its lower edge (these are the next two steps).
4. You nail a support bar to the wall, along the lower edge of which the height of the foundation beats off.

   

   How to mark the extension: nail the support bar at the required level, beat off the height of the foundation along its lower edge

5. Build a foundation.
6. While the concrete is gaining at least half the strength, you are completing the site preparation. If at the bottom of the pit (the fertile layer was removed) the soil passes water well (sandy, sandy loam), fall asleep crushed stone at the bottom. It can be compacted, or you can do without it. If there is loam or clay under the fertile layer, you will have to fill the pit with either the same soil (but not fertile) or clean clay. It must be well tamped so that voids are not created in which water will accumulate (it is better to lay layers soaked to a paste state).
7. A layer of waterproofing is laid on the finished foundation.
8. Support pillars are exposed and fixed under the roof.
9. They make the strapping of the racks: a beam with a thickness of 100 * 150 mm is nailed along the perimeter. It can be nailed on the outside of the posts or between them. Sometimes the racks are nailed down after the floor has been laid. This is not the best option: the floor will deteriorate most quickly. With such a structure, in order to replace it, you will have to disassemble everything, up to the roof. If you first set up the racks, and then the floor, it can be repaired without problems.

   

   This is how the assembled frame of the veranda, attached to the house, looks like. Intermediate racks are only needed if the veranda is more than 3 meters wide.

10. Floor beams are attached to the foundation and support bar (bar 100 * 150 mm). The step of their installation corresponds to the step of installing piles or posts.
11. Collect the rafter system.
12. Side rails (for open ones) or walls (for glazed ones) are installed. At this point, the general technology ends. Further, for covered ones, it is longer, an open veranda is easier to attach to the house:
    • For open beams, floor boards are nailed.
    • Insulated floors are made for glazed ones. A rough floor is nailed to the beams. Above - logs, between them - insulation, on top - a finished floor.
13. Roofing.
14. Wall decoration inside and outside.

These are just general steps. In order to have a more complete idea of ​​how to make a veranda to the house, then we will consider the most problematic aspects of construction in more detail.

Perhaps you are interested in building a gazebo?

Foundation

If the veranda is attached to the house, the foundations are very rarely made coherent. Firstly, the house has already settled down, the shrinkage has passed. If a "fresh" building is rigidly attached to it, problems will inevitably arise. If it is possible to tie them, then only on stable, reliable soils, on which there is no movement. Secondly, heavy foundations are rarely made for extensions of this type. The building itself turns out to be light - especially open made of wood or frame - and the bearing capacity is or is sufficient.

In general, verandas are placed on the same foundations as at home. Another thing is that most of them are on columnar bases: the costs are small, it takes little time. And although all architects and designers argue that it is much more difficult to put the correct columnar foundation than (although the strip one is much more expensive), the people are putting up the columns.

Column and pile foundation

If you decide to attach a veranda to a wooden house, you can put a columnar foundation. To do it yourself, you need to find out at what depth and at what distance the supports are placed. The distance between the posts depends on the material from which the extension will be built. If these are light materials - wood or light frame construction - you can put them in 1.5 meter increments. For heavier ones, the distance should be from 1 meter.

Columnar foundation for the veranda - the pillars are made of bricks. This open veranda is attached to a wooden house. The house stands on a strip foundation. The foundations of the extension and the house are not connected

When choosing the depth of the posts, there are two approaches:

• Bury yourself below the freezing depth of the soil. This is done on water-saturated soils, prone to heaving. In this case, the veranda will stand at the same level, without changing its position, regardless of the heaving forces. For a columnar foundation, this makes sense only if the freezing depth is not more than 1.2 meters. At greater depths, it is easier to make a pile foundation (better -). Pile wells are not very difficult to make, even if you need to drill 2 meters. For the arrangement of posts for each of them, digging a foundation pit of the same depth is difficult and time-consuming.
• Make a shallow foundation: 20-30 cm below the fertile layer. In this case, you will get a floating veranda that will be understood and lowered in frosty heaving. It is much easier to build such a structure, but every spring you have to deal with the consequences of heaving. Different pillars will "walk" in different ways and will have to somehow rectify the situation. But this is on heaving soils (clay, loam). On stable soils that are not prone to heaving, there will be no such problems.

What is good about this option for the foundation for the veranda to the house? It is built quickly, the cost of work and building materials is small.

The veranda is attached to a brick house on a strip foundation. We put it on. It differs from the columnar one in that the piles are either screwed in / driven in ready-made, or poured into the formwork and obtained monolithic

Disadvantages: It is difficult to predict his behavior. Moreover, both deep and shallow. With shallow ground, everything depends on winter and the degree of saturation of the soil with water, which is impossible to foresee and calculate. With deep laying, there is also a problem: it is not known what is under each of the piles. After all, a geological survey at all points cannot be done. And in those areas where the soil has a complex layered structure, it is quite possible to get into some kind of pocket, because of which the pile will not behave as expected. Also, in the case of piles or deeply buried posts, it is necessary to remember about the lateral heaving forces. They can easily break long and thin piles or pillars. Therefore, on problem soils for piles, they take strong formwork (metal, asbestos) and they are also reinforced: when making pillars, a steel pipe covered with a primer is inserted inside, around which masonry is led. Laying of reinforcing belts is also possible. In the manufacture of bored piles, three or four reinforcement rods must be inserted inside, which add strength to them. It can be quick and inexpensive to attach a veranda with your own hands on a pile foundation, but the risks on heaving soils are great.

Monolithic: tape and slab

If you are going to build a veranda from brick, rubble or other similar heavy materials, and even with heavy cladding, you need a monolithic foundation. You will have to either pour tape or make a plate. They are made according to all the rules without any exceptions: with formwork, reinforcement, vibration, etc. Completely by technology.

When building such a foundation, it can already be associated with the main one: you will have to make it to the same depth and, most likely, it will behave stably.

Advantages: high reliability and stability. Disadvantages: significant cost and duration of the construction process.

Bedding

If the house is located on dry grounds or in a region where frost heaving is just a terrible fairy tale, if it does not have a basement, a veranda attached to the house can do without a foundation. In this case, the fertile layer is removed along with the vegetation, the bottom of the pit is rammed, then crushed stone is poured, rammed, then sand, which is also compacted. On this base, you can already lay the flooring: wood, paving slabs or slabs.

The veranda attached to the house can be without a foundation

One "but" of the pillars, on which the roof will rest, still needs to be strengthened in some way. For them, small piles are made or columns are folded (approximately from the same depth where crushed stone was laid under the flooring).

What is the thickness of the backfill? Depends, firstly, on the thickness of the fertile layer, and secondly, on the choice of flooring. If these are wooden boards (like in the photo), you need to select the layers so that they are flush with the ground. If you plan to install paving slabs, you will have to consider the thickness. Although, it can be slightly raised above the ground level to separate it from the yard. But then a border is placed along the edge.

In this photo, an open veranda is attached to the house without a foundation - it is rather a summer canopy with a polycarbonate roof and an open wooden fence

How to attach the strut and bottom rail

Work on the construction of the veranda frame begins after the concrete of the foundation (if used) has gained some of its strength. Enough 50% of the calculated, and this at a temperature of + 20 ° C, will happen in 4-5 days. Then, on top of the concrete, in those places where the racks or strapping will be attached, waterproofing is laid in two layers. It can be roofing material, roofing felt, folded in two. You can smear it twice with bituminous mastic or use other modern materials.

Then there are two ways:

• fix the racks and then the strapping;
• first strapping, racks to them.

If the first option is selected, special holders are inserted into the foundation during pouring for the racks. These can be different devices (see photo), but the most convenient is a metal plate in the form of an inverted letter "P", to the bottom of which a hairpin is welded, which is walled into the foundation. A rack is inserted into this plate (the end must be treated with an antiseptic), its level is checked, and fixed with bolts or nails.

How to attach racks to the foundation

After all the racks are exposed and secured, the harness beams are nailed between them.

In the second option, the situation is different: the racks will have to be attached to the harness. The strapping bar is attached first. It is more convenient to do this if studs are embedded in the concrete with some step. Then holes are made in the timber in the right places, it is put on the studs and fixed with bolts. Then, one of the methods suggested in the photo is to install the racks.

Options for attaching the racks to the strapping bar

Any of these methods does not preclude the use of metal corners. They make the mount more reliable, which is very important in this case. After all, the racks will hold the roof, and walls or a fence.

Fastening the lag to the harness

They can be fastened on top of the strapping, or at the same level with its upper edge. It is necessary to decide exactly how you will do this at the very beginning of the work: it will depend on what level it will be necessary to fasten the support burs to the wall of the house (the height of the lag is taken into account or not). The methods for fixing the floor log are shown in the photo below.

How to attach the floor joists to the harness

Veranda roof abutment

The veranda attached to the house is usually covered with the same type of roofing as the scrap. There may be several options, and the organization of the roof junction depends on how and to which wall you attach it. If the roof is going to be a continuation of the roof slope of the house, you need to splice two rafter systems. In this case, the roof of the veranda is said to be adjacent to the roof of the house.

Then the procedure is as follows:

• The upper straps are attached to the racks of the veranda.
• Transverse ceiling beams are nailed to the harness. The ceiling is then hemmed to them.
• Long rafter legs at home are shortened. They should not protrude beyond the wall.
• Veranda rafters are made of planed boards, which are cut off at an angle from the side of the roof so that they adjoin the existing ones (see the photo below). To make it easier to work, you can make a template, according to which you can then prepare the rafters on the ground. The rafter legs are attached to the house system with nails through and through, you can put metal reinforcing plates on the side.
• To increase the rigidity of the structure, spacers (anti-snow supports) are installed between the rafters of the house and the extension. They are shown in the photo explaining the design.

If the width of the veranda is more than 2 meters or heavy roofing material will be used, spacers are installed so that the support beam does not sag. It is better not to nail them from the side, but to insert a spur between the ceiling beam and the rafter leg.

In order to eliminate the sagging of the roof, spacers are installed between the ceiling beams and the rafters.

More often it turns out that the roof of the veranda attached to the house is adjacent to the wall. In this case, a strobe is made in the wall, a special wall profile is placed in it, which is placed on the roof covering with the second side. The place of its abutment to the wall is sealed with a sealant.

The second option differs only in the shape of the wall profile: you can make it yourself from a sheet of roofing iron. This design is distinguished by the presence of a bar, which allows you to move the bend away from the wall of the house and cover up possible errors when laying the roofing material at the junction. Also, in this version, the apron is not attached directly to the wall material, but to a beam with a beveled edge, mounted in the strobe.

The second option for joining the roof of the extension to the wall of the house

Some questions may arise on how to attach the rafters to the outer upper strapping, because its dimensions do not allow making cuts, like on a Mauerlat. The solution is usual: with the help of corners (see photo). Instead of corners, you can use small section bars.

Maybe not the most elegant solution, but reliable. After everything is covered with a roofing from above, the lining will be removed from below, they will not be visible.

Verandas of different type and size, purpose and appearance have become a familiar addition to a country house, a place to relax in the heat and feast on summer evenings. How to make a veranda in the country, we will tell in the article, and also consider some features of a legal, technical and architectural nature.

Veranda construction

Choice of type and location

First of all, you must decide for yourself what kind of design you want.

To do this, you should determine the following points:

• The location of the building relative to the house... As you know, the veranda is attached to the front of the facade where the entrance is located or to the side of it, but not on the back wall or somewhere else;
• Building dimensions... should successfully fit into the general style of the structure and not become too bulky, while it should not be too cramped. Usually, the length is made from 4 to 7 meters, and the width is from 2.5 - 3.5 meters;
• Building materials... Everything is extremely simple here: the material of the veranda must match the material of the house, or at least include them in your design. Attaching plastic structures to a stone or metal to a tree is unacceptable because of the obvious discrepancy, if not ugliness;
• Whether it is open or closed, it will be a structure, whether it will be heated in the winter or serve only as a summer room... The question is immediately resolved: "How to close the veranda in the country?" - it can be wood or brick, frame structure, glass and other materials that are in harmony with the house and surrounding objects of the site;
• The price of the issue. This will determine what kind of materials and technologies you can afford, as well as how reliable and durable the structure will turn out to be.

As a rule, they make drawings of the veranda in the country with their own hands, so this process is not only laborious, but also creative.

Of course, if you are a wealthy person and do not want to take risks, you can hire an experienced architect or order a turnkey construction, but your own is always more expensive and nicer, believe me.

It is also easy to determine the open or closed type - it depends on the frequency or constancy of your stay in the country house. If it is permanent or according to the principle "back and forth in winter and summer", then it is better to build a closed and warm room, but if you see the site only in summer - then stop at the summer open version.

Important!
Before starting construction, it is better to coordinate any extension with the competent authorities and re-register the house.

Legal aspect

Of course, the sonder team will not come to you the next day and will not require an Ausweiss, but if you eventually want to rent, transfer ownership of, sell or donate your house, the extension will have to be registered, only through a fine and in a less acceptable way.

First of all, with ready-made sketches, they apply to the design organization, which draws up a project plan and approves its possibility.

Next, you should write a statement of your desire to build a structure, take a passport, documents on ownership of the house and land, as well as a previously approved project and visit a number of organizations that are engaged in real estate registration in your region.

Important!
Your application will be considered, and only after a positive resolution is passed, you can safely proceed to construction.
Who, how and from what it will be done - does not affect the documents, the fact itself is important.

Construction of a wooden veranda

1. We make the foundation for the veranda in the country house columnar. To do this, in the corners of the structure, as well as at a distance of 1.5 m, we dig holes with a depth of 70 - 100 cm, make formwork, put reinforcement and concreting pillars, the height of which should be about 30 cm below the foundation of the house itself. Do not forget about concrete waterproofing;

1. From a beam of 100x100 or 150x150 cm we make the lower strapping of the posts around the perimeter, and if the length and width are large, then you can make both an internal beam and two, crossing them in the middle. Fastening to concrete through roofing material in half a tree on anchor bolts;

1. From a beam of 100x100 cm, we expose corner posts, posts near the doorway, as well as at a distance of 1.5 meters around the entire perimeter of the structure, the height of the posts is such that the edge of the veranda roof is below the edge of the roof of the house by a few centimeters for the angle of the slope. We fasten with steel corners and self-tapping screws, you can make a cut and "plant" on nails;

1. Then, from the same timber, we make the upper harness, which will connect the outer perimeter of the extension in one line and make the frame strong and monolithic;

1. We sew up the walls with clapboard, taking into account the window openings, from the inside of the vernade with cotton wool or polystyrene and also sew it up with clapboard. We mount double-glazed windows and hang the door;

1. On the upper harness, we fill the lag system from a 150x50 board, make a crate and lay a roofing pie;

1. We decide how to cover the floor on the veranda in the country (decking, concrete screed, etc.) and carry out its installation. Next, we proceed to finishing and painting.

A country vacation in the country is, first of all, the opportunity to breathe the fresh air of a garden or forest twenty hours a day. It is impossible to relax and at the same time be in a stuffy box of a country house, therefore a summer resident who values ​​his health sooner or later equips a full-fledged summer terrace with an awning or a roof in the country house with his own hands. Building a terrace with your own hands is much easier than a gazebo or a veranda, therefore, arranging a special area for a table and garden furniture, as a rule, does not require large investments, despite the fact that the effect will be quite impressive.

What is the secret of the terrace

Despite a certain external similarity between the veranda and the terrace, the purpose of these buildings is different, just as the sizes and designs differ. A veranda is a part of a house with closed walls, windows and a full roof. The terrace is a landscaped open area for relaxing on a sunny day with a canopy, awning or awning. The difference is easier to understand if you look at the photo or drawings of a classic terrace.

When choosing a place and method of how to build a terrace with your own hands, you can use the classic techniques for arranging a recreation area:

• In the immediate vicinity of the house, using the platform and steps as a porch and platform in front of the house;
• Take it out in a separate area and place it in a cozy, sunny and less ventilated place of the summer cottage. In this case, a prerequisite is the arrangement of a path, stairs or steps, with which you can quickly get inside the house;
• Build a special type of roof or ceiling of a country house for a terrace with your own hands, on which a recreation area will be located.

Important! It is clear that verandas and gazebos are not built this way, so any drawings and recommendations for the construction of terraces can be reworked creatively, resizing according to your wishes. The main thing is that the design is comfortable, durable and safe to use.

The dimensions of the terrace areas, as a rule, can be several times larger than the size of the gazebo buildings, and even more so, the verandas. Almost always, the base of the site is built of wood or composite, raising the structure above the ground so that moisture and dampness do not affect the condition of the boardwalk.

Choosing a device, design and dimensions

The terrace is a one-of-a-kind building, not designed to create shade, but, on the contrary, aimed at ensuring the possibility of a comfortable and safe stay in the sun. Therefore, when choosing a project and a site for building a terrace with your own hands, drawings and dimensions, it is necessary to take into account the following features:

1. In the construction of a site of any size, raised above the ground by more than 18-20 cm, a fence and railing for the terrace must be present. For buildings that include several sites located at different heights, intermediate steps and handrails are provided;
2. The floor, railings and railings should be made of wood or a similar material such as polymer composite. The drawing must indicate the quality of wood processing and the type of coating applied - varnish or a protective composition based on epoxy resins;
3. In the presence of a canopy or awning, one edge of the roof must be attached to the main wall of the house, the second rests on stationary supports embedded in the ground to a depth of at least 40 cm with pouring a concrete blind area.

Important! Before choosing a scheme for how to make a terrace, it is important to choose the right material that best matches the design in the drawing.

The easiest way is to build a terrace at the corner junction of two walls of the house, as in the photo. In this case, we build a terrace and automatically get a site in front of the entrance to the house.

Corner terrace construction

The simplest version of the terrace would be to build a platform made of wood on a primitive foundation made of concrete blocks or slabs, as in the drawing. The angular arrangement provides protection of the terrace area from wind and rain from both sides, so there is no need for a wind protection device with polycarbonate sheets or wood shields.

If necessary, you can install a fabric awning, curtain or canopy over the terrace, the dimensions of which will be limited only by the dimensions of the walls of the house. The disadvantages of the design include the fact that with an incorrect slope, a wooden platform can affect the distribution of rainwater, therefore, the calculation and size of a slope of 3-4 o must be immediately recorded on the terrace drawing. The size of the foundation supports for the deck must be calculated according to a sketch or drawing, according to the measurements of the entrance opening above the ground level.

For a lightweight frame structure of a terrace area, it will be enough to lay 12-15 concrete blocks or several dozen clinker tiles as a foundation. First, you will need to remove the top layer of soil, sprinkle with fine gravel, tamp and lay a sand cushion. The most difficult thing will be to maintain the size and thickness of the sand base so that the height of the foundation columnar or slab supports does not exceed the calculated value according to the drawing.

Geotextiles can be laid on the sand, which well prevents the growth of weeds and grass. To fill the floor of the terrace, experts recommend pre-tying the supports with a bar with the laying of lagged beams made of wood. But in this case, it is necessary to increase the vertical size of the terrace in height by 20-30 cm, which is not always convenient. In the simplest case, a 60x60 mm timber is laid directly on the tile and fixed with pieces of reinforcement, hammering it directly into the ground.

The most difficult stage in assembling a budget terrace structure will be planking the flooring with boards. Oak or special decking made of polypropylene and sawdust, 200x30 mm in size is best suited.

For your information! The appearance and dimensions of the composite material practically do not differ from the processed natural board. High resistance to moisture and absolute insensitivity to insects and pathogenic microorganisms make decking boards an excellent substitute for expensive oak wood.

When sheathing the frame of the site, it is necessary to carefully follow the recommendations for installing the decking, given in the drawing. In a similar way, flooring can be made from ordinary boards, pre-treated with an antiseptic.

Building a simple terrace on your own

The average size of the site is 4x2 m. We will install the wooden structure on wooden supports in a swinging pattern. Part of the terrace area will be supported by pillars made of paired timber 120 cm long and 100x100 mm in size, the second part of the terrace will be supported by a plank on the wall of the country house. For the installation of a bar, we will drill holes in the ground with a diameter of 90 mm and drive the supports with a sledgehammer.

Further, the supports driven into the ground must be tied with a flat board or a sheet of thick plywood with a section size of 350x40 mm. When fixing the boards, it is necessary to additionally control the horizontal position of the strapping sheet.

We attach the side strapping boards directly to the walls of a wooden house; in the supports, you will need to wash down to install a longitudinal strapping board.

After assembling the strapping, transverse lag beams are installed, 2.5 m in size with a section of 100x40 mm, which will increase the rigidity of the base of the terrace platform and at the same time serve as a support for floorboards.

At the next stage, the fence of the terrace is assembled. Along the outer contour of the platform, grooves are cut out in the floorboards, after which, as in the drawing, supports are nailed under the railing. A vertical beam or board measuring 100x50 mm, 120 cm high is attached to the lower strapping board using self-tapping screws. On the inside of the racks, a groove for the crossbars is sawn, after which the lower bar and handrails for the fence of the terrace platform are installed.

Diagonal struts are stuffed between the posts, which increase the strength of the entire structure of the fence.

Conclusion

The above design of the terrace is simple and affordable for building with your own hands. If desired, a small fabric awning or a full-fledged canopy made of polycarbonate or lightweight ondulin can be installed over the terrace area. A wooden structure must be treated with protective antiseptics, and the floor must be periodically treated with wax or paraffin mastics.

A frame veranda is a type of gazebo attached to the house; this is an unheated summer room, convenient for relaxing in the warm season. It can be made open and closed, there are dozens of decorative and glazing options.

A veranda using frame technology is being built in the shortest possible time, and it can be used as a summer kitchen or a hobby room. Do-it-yourself construction is not so difficult: you need an initial set of building skills, tools and material for the foundation, frame, walls and roof.

Design and layout of the veranda

They usually try to make a frame veranda in front of the entrance to the main house: such an extension replaces a large porch. However, you can place it on the side: in this case, you will need to make a separate entrance to it with an additional porch. Frame construction allows you to implement a variety of projects, so you need to decide on the following parameters:

The construction of a frame veranda with your own hands can begin immediately after the construction of the main house: ideally, it should be immediately included in the project so that there is a common foundation. However, in practice, extensions are often built decades after the main construction: this is a great way to update the exterior of the house and make it more comfortable and modern.

Construction of the foundation for the veranda

The first step before building a summer extension is to clear the area. Construction waste, green spaces are removed from it, if necessary, this fragment of the site has to be leveled.

After that, the location of the future extension is marked with ropes and pegs with careful alignment of the corners. The simplest and most inexpensive type of foundation for a frame veranda is a columnar base. It is constructed as follows:

Construction of the veranda frame

How to build a frame veranda? The basis of such a structure is a frame made of processed timber, to which wall cladding made of OSB boards and other materials of wood origin is attached.

For the lower strapping, a beam with a section of 10x10 or 15x15 cm is used, it is laid in two rows and connected by the direct lock method. At the level of the second row, logs are cut into, which will become the basis of the floor for the future extension.

It is necessary to decide whether the veranda will be used during the winter. If it is heated, the floor will have to be insulated: a waterproofing film and insulation are laid on the subfloor, which can be used as extruded polystyrene foam or mineral wool.

After that, another layer of waterproofing and finishing floor boards are laid. For it, you can also use OSB boards or plain thick plywood, in the future, a fine finishing material is laid on them.

Vertical frame racks are installed on the lower strapping. They are made of 150x150 mm timber, the wood must be pre-treated with antiseptics.

The frame is connected by an upper strapping: this is the basis for installing the rafters and the entire roofing system. At a height of one meter from the floor, another row of cross beams is installed, uniting the frame; for this, a beam with a thickness of 120x120 mm can be used.

The height of the frame depends on the height of the building itself: the frame must be positioned so that the roofing system can be installed at a slope, otherwise snow will accumulate on it in winter. All elements of the frame should be as evenly located as possible: it is necessary to check the verticality of the racks with a plumb line, and using a level - the horizontal position of all transverse elements.

Construction of the roof of a frame veranda

In order for the building to become a single whole, it will be necessary to partially disassemble the already installed roofing system and combine the rafters. In a two-story building, the roof of the veranda is installed on the wall, and a cross bar is nailed to it to attach the rafters. There are two options for laying the roofing:

1. Rigid roof. These are metal tiles, profiled sheets, slate and other materials laid on a horizontal sheathing made of boards. They overlap, installation is carried out from the bottom up so that water does not linger on the roof. From below, you can hem the ceiling by placing insulation between the beams, in some cases, the beams, on the contrary, are left open, and they become a full-fledged part of the rustic interior of a country house.
2. Soft roof. The use of shingles, roofing felt and other soft materials requires the construction of a continuous sheathing of boards: a roof covering is nailed to it. Modern soft tiles are glued using a special self-adhesive layer: this not only saves time, but also provides the most accurate and durable coating.

The roofing system of the veranda serves as a natural continuation of the roof of the house in terms of design. It usually has the same color and is made from the same material. Ceiling decoration can be different: sometimes they use not a simple filing, but for example, suspended or stretch ceilings, which allow you to create a special interior.

Options for filling the walls of a frame veranda

There are many options for sheathing the frame. The simplest and most common solution: the lower part is sheathed with OSB boards or other wood materials, and the owners prefer to glaze the upper part of the frame.

This allows you to provide the room with sufficient illumination, but at the same time the veranda will be reliably protected from rain and other vagaries of nature. However, there are more interesting options:

Options for the decoration of the extension

Do-it-yourself frame veranda to the house is a great opportunity to try yourself as an architect and think over non-standard extension design options. But it is important to remember that finishing plays not only a decorative, but also a protective role. The frame extension must be protected from the effects of negative natural factors, so it needs several types of processing:

Various materials can be used to decorate the floor. The most practical, albeit expensive, solution is decking.

This is a very durable material, reliably protected from decay, such a board can serve for decades without losing its qualities. For the floor, you can also choose a parquet board, but it will need to be further processed.

If the veranda is glazed, you need to choose the right window frames. Most often, a metal-plastic profile is used, but in order for it to be harmoniously combined with the decoration of the house, it can be equipped with additional decorative overlays "like a tree". Wooden frames can be installed, but they will cost significantly more.

Panoramic glazing with sliding frames opens up additional possibilities for decoration. If you order the installation of windows from specialists. You can decorate the house with a non-standard radial design, and there will be an excellent view on the veranda.