Installation of the rafter system of the valley multi-gable roof. Multi-gable roof: construction and main components

Among the various types of roofs, the most beautiful and at the same time difficult to implement is the multi-gable structure. She came to our country from Europe, where people have long cherished a love for square houses and buildings with a lot of corners. A sophisticated rafter system of a multi-gable roof is being erected on structures with a complex layout, and is also an excellent solution for organizing additional lighting in attics.

Advantages and disadvantages

Those developers who prefer minimalism and practicality are unlikely to appreciate the complex broken lines of such an expensive roof, especially since its main function is similar to more modest single-level samples. Aesthetes and connoisseurs of sophistication, for whom decorative characteristics are no less important than functional ones, on the contrary, use every opportunity to arrange such an architectural composition in their home.

Erection of a multi-gable roof is an expensive and time-consuming process

Despite the fact that a simpler construction of a roofing system can be done with no less success, it would be a mistake to believe that a roof with many gables has only one advantage - a beautiful design, this is not entirely true. Apart from the outstanding decorative features, this design has a number of positive aspects, namely:

• A long operational period, achieved by the balance of the rafter system, thanks to which the roof is able to withstand an impressive load.
• The possibility of planning additional space inside the house due to the attic or attic room, where you can equip a gym, billiard room or greenhouse.
• Practicality, expressed in the natural removal of precipitation. Due to the presence of inclined surfaces (sometimes their slope reaches 90 degrees), snow and rainwater, as well as fallen leaves, branches and other debris, do not linger on the surface of the roof and are independently removed from it.

For construction, it is better to involve a team of professional roofers

If we talk about the shortcomings of the object in question, then they are rather arbitrary, because for wealthy homeowners, these disadvantages will not be significant. As you can imagine, we are talking about the high cost of the project, high costs of materials and high wages of the construction team due to the complexity of the work. It was not in vain that we mentioned the need to involve highly professional specialists in the construction of a multi-component roof, because building it with your own hands without the appropriate qualifications is difficult and very risky. If you are confident in your abilities and possess all the practical skills in this area, you can safely start implementing your plans.

The main elements of the external structure

Tongs form the base of the roof slopes

So, all the pros and cons are weighed, confidence in your intellectual and physical capabilities is present, which means that you are ready to perform a complex process with your own hands. The simplest design option with many forceps is considered to be the union into a single whole of a pair of gable structures intersecting at right angles in the form of a cross (in the upper projection).

Now let's move on to the terms denoting individual sections of the roof:

• forceps, in the language of professionals - nothing more than the tops of a wall without a cornice (as opposed to a pediment), which form the basis for two roof slopes;
• endova- the place of joining of two planes, forming an inner corner;
• edge- the outer corner formed at the junction of two slopes. The horizontal top rib is called a ridge by carpenters.

Please note that valleys are given special attention, as they must cope with the high load caused by the accumulation of atmospheric precipitation. Even the slightest miscalculations in this area are fraught with leaks and, as a result, premature destruction of the roof.

Rafter system

The rafter system at the multi-gable roof is assembled from many mandatory elements that are installed in a strictly defined verified order, and this is its main difficulty.

The system is based on:

• rafters (inclined and hanging);
• mauerlat;
• beams.

The slightest violation of construction technology, as a rule, turns into serious troubles, the elimination of which, if possible, inevitably entails a significant waste of time and financial costs. We immediately draw the attention of people who decided to master the construction stages with their own hands to the fact that this complex structure may require a combination of hanging and inclined rafters.

In practice, for the manufacture of rafters, dried and treated with fire retardants and antiseptics beams of the same section as that of the Mauerlat (150 x150 mm or 100 x150 mm) are used, which, in turn, evenly distributes the load from the roof to the walls of the house. The upper parts of the rafters are connected with a ridge run. It is very important to maintain the optimum moisture content of the wood (maximum 20%).

Stages of the construction process

For the device of a multi-gabled roof with your own hands, you will need a work plan, which is strongly not recommended to deviate from. Now let's go directly to the construction stages:

When assembling such a complex roof with your own hands, do not forget that the attic space will require additional insulation, otherwise it cannot be used as a living space... Mineral fiber (basalt or glass wool) is best suited for such purposes. If you neglect this rule, you can face the accumulation of condensation in the under-roof area, which will lead to rotting of the wood from which the roof structure is assembled.

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The article will talk about the types of multi-gable roofing. Above a square-shaped house, such a roof usually has many gables, gables and ribs. The gable is the top of the wall bounded by two ramps. It is never separated from the bottom by the cornice.

If the top of the wall is separated from the lower part by a cornice, this is no longer a gable, but. In general, a gable roof is two planes resting on the walls, while bounded by gables or gables from the ends of the house.

What is a multi-gable roof

Installation of multi-gable roofs occurs on houses with a complicated layout, as well as when covering extensions, side lighting of the attic, gables above the entrance.

The hipped roof is not complete without the presence of valleys. Everyone who wants to build just such a roof needs to know that such a roof involves ventilation of the attic and complete isolation from the heated premises.

The device of a multi-gable roof requires rather high costs for the roof. In addition, a lot of roofing waste remains after the work.

Mauerlat is a wooden block with dimensions of 150x150 or 150x100 mm. It is possible to use one and a half meter bars (read: ""). Rafters for such roofs are assembled from dried pine beams with a section of 150x50 mm.

The construction of the rafter system involves the use of layered or hanging rafters. Their choice depends on the absence or presence of a larger number of supports, on the structure of the roof. In her device, there can be both types of rafters at once.

In the places of articulation of gable roofs, it is necessary to install diagonal or slant rafter legs. They will hold the shortened rafter legs, or wedges. Due to the very strong load on the diagonal rafters, they will need to be rallied into several boards.

From above, the rafters are connected by ridge girders made of connected timber or planks. If necessary, several intermediate runs should be installed at once.

A little advice ! After the rafter system of the complex roof has been installed, the laying of the waterproofing film (strips) directed perpendicular to the slope begins. The overlap must be at least 15 cm. All joints must be glued with a connecting tape.

Focus your attention on the places where the valleys are located, because streams of water will descend along them.

The rafter system of the frame house, after the completion of the waterproofing installation, is sheathed with counter-lattice bars. To carry out this work, you need bars or boards with a section of 50x50 and 32x100 mm, respectively. The grating should be carried out in strict accordance with the instructions for the purchased coating (read: "").

Possible types of roofs for your home, details on the video:

How to make a multi-gable roof?

Almost all homeowners want to know how to create a multi-gable roof.

This type of roof is quite complex. When deciding to create such a structure, part of the fragments of the building's roof can be gable variations connected together. This option creates an amazing impression.

For example, do-it-yourself rafters from a profile pipe are erected in several stages:

• Take the dimensions of the building;
• Calculate the length and section of the timber for the rafters;
• Place valleys, stops and skates;
• Install the Mauerlat (it should be a kind of roof base and run along the perimeter of the walls;
• Install and fix the rafters made of laminated veneer lumber with saws or nails on the Mauerlat;
• Install the lathing, waterproofing layer, roof covering, heat and vapor barrier.

The structures of this type of roof are pitched roofs with surfaces inclined to the outer walls. This arrangement of the sides ensures the drainage of rain and melt water.

The choice of slope follows from the climatic conditions of the region where the building is located, as well as architectural requirements and roofing material. Sometimes the slope angle is even right.

• Roofs are known to be flat and pitched. Pitched ones are architecturally more expressive and, in addition to a protective one, also have a decorative function. The number, shape and size of slopes depend entirely on the personal preferences of the owner and the designer's intention, taking into account, of course, climatic conditions and operating requirements.

  Design features: pros and cons

  A multi-gable roof is a rather complex structure. It is distinguished by the presence of numerous intersections of the slopes, at which valleys are formed, the so-called formed internal corners. Endova are considered the most unreliable element. Indeed, the maximum amount of water flows through them, despite the fact that their slope is significantly less than that of slopes. Snow accumulates there, increasing the load on the roof. Therefore, the valley can be considered the "weak point" of such structures. So, this roof is complex not only in its structure, but it is not at all easy to keep track of it.

  At the junctions of the roof slopes, ribs are also formed, but, unlike valleys, they form an outer corner.

  A striking illustration of them is, for example, the place where two slopes in a quadrangular roof are connected.

  The shape of the structure during the construction of this type is either polygonal, the diagram of which is presented below, or square. It can be installed in houses with complex layouts or in attics for which special additional side lighting must be provided. For extensions of such buildings, different heights are characteristic.

  However, neither this nor the significant cost, because the complexity of the geometric shape of the structure leads to an increased consumption of material, does not become an obstacle for those who seek to complete their construction with an interesting and original accent.

  A multi-gable roof, the drawing of which for many may seem no less complicated, can nevertheless be erected independently, but subject to strict adherence to the requirements of construction technology

  

  Multi-gable can combine under a single roof structure a number of roofs that differ in their type and purpose. The complexity of its device lies in the large number of ribs, valleys, grooves. Its spire is rather artistic in nature, and it is often used to install towers and domed roofs that emphasize the architectural style. Two-level coatings and are considered one of the most popular today.

  Rafter device

  

  The roof structure is based on the rafter system. Most often, it combines diagonal and directed to the corners of the walls. The complexity of such structures lies in the fact that all the slopes do not rest on the Mauerlats, as usual, but on the diagonal legs. That is, the bearing capacity of the structure depends not only on the calculation of the sections of the system elements, but also on the execution of the connection nodes and the installation of the stiffeners.

  The main knot is the joint at one point of the ridge of the same level of different sections of the roof. The ridge beams are connected at right angles, but, in addition, each of these corners also includes slant legs, which are the main support for almost all rafters. The strength of this unit is increased by installing puffs.

  

  Slant rafters are longer than conventional rafters, so they are made paired. This technology simultaneously solves several problems:

  • a double-section rafter is able to withstand an increased load;
  • rallying the boards makes it possible to obtain a continuous beam of greater length;
  • when connecting, the standard size of the parts used is unified.

  It turns out that for the device of diagonal, it is practically possible to use the same boards as for ordinary ones - and the use of boards of equal height for any type of rafters simplifies the design of the roof nodes. In addition, they are supported by half-legs or wedges, due to which the layered supports are able to carry a load that is about one and a half times more than the maximum load for conventional rafters.

  Leaning on the diagonal leg is performed in two ways:

  • Leaning on the top surface. In the rafters, an incision is made in such a way that half of their section - the upper one, is above the diagonal leg, and the lower one rests on the side surface.
  • Leaning on the side surface. The main thing in this case is how well the support parts fit. The below-fixed rafter can be more firmly connected to the diagonal leg beam if you nail in an additional support boss from the trim.

  The bottom of the mast supports is usually for landing on a truss, a beam from a bar, rolled along the intersecting external walls at an angle, a sinker or a girder console is cut into the horizon and fastened with nails.

  

  But the diagonal supports located in the valley cannot be supported by a truss truss.

  A truss truss is a truss structure with two struts installed.

  The fact is that the valley forms the inner corner of the walls, so they must be supported with uprights or, in extreme cases, with struts.

  By the way, the installation of roofing in the case of a multi-gable roof begins with the device of valleys, which are formed at the intersection of mutually perpendicular planes. At the same time, the technology of execution of this unit entirely depends on the material used as the main one for the roof.

Private houses are decorated with roofs of a wide variety of shapes. Among them there are gabled ones. They are a structure that rests on two walls of the same height. These roofs have two slopes. The end part resembles a triangle in its shape. If the walls are made of wood, then such a triangle is called tongs, and if made of brick - pediments. You can make a gable roof with your own hands.

Gable roofs have two slopes... There are no restrictions on the choice of roofing materials.

When installing such a roof, as a rule, material waste is minimal. This is due to the fact that the shape of the slopes is rectangular. By the way, slopes can have different lengths and slope angles.

Such a roof is characterized by the use of a warm attic, which is used as an additional room. can lead to additional material costs and complicate work.

The optimal angle for a slope is determined in the range of 20-45 degrees and depends on the area of ​​construction... If the terrain is snowy, then it is better to increase the slope to avoid the formation of snow accumulations.

The device of such a roof begins with laying out the end parts - tongs. This is not an easy task, because they should be completely the same.

To calculate the length of the slope, they use the Pythagorean theorem, familiar to everyone from school... So, if we imagine that the slope is the hypotenuse of the calculated triangle, then one of the legs will be the height from the beginning of the slope to the ridge along the plane of the wall, and the second - half the length of the front wall.

If the house has a simple shape in terms of plan, then you can use the use of a gable roof, but if the shape of the structure is complex, then an option appears using a multi-gable roof. It is more difficult to build them, because they have many valleys.

Gable roof device

When installing such a roof, two types of rafters are used - layered and hanging.

Slabs are a structure that has a support beam in the middle, which transfers the load from the ridge to the Mauerlat, laid on the load-bearing walls. This beam is mounted in the middle of the outer walls.

Hanging rafters are used in cases where the distance between the walls is less than 10 meters or there is no load-bearing wall in the middle of the house.

They are supported on the side walls. But this creates a bursting effect. It gives additional stress to the walls. To avoid this, the design of the hanging rafters provides for the connection of the rafters with puffs in such a way that a triangle appears. Floor beams can be used to perform this function.

Tightens can be mounted from above and below. In this case, the upper ones must be installed in such a way that the distance from the ridge is more than 50 centimeters.

Materials (edit)

For work you will need:

• mauerlat. Wooden bars with a section of 15x10 or 15x15 centimeters are suitable for him;
• rafters. For them, pine boards with a section of 15x5 centimeters are chosen.
• sprains;
• counter-lattice. It is laid after a layer of waterproofing. For it, they choose bars with a cross section of 5x5 centimeters or boards of 3x10 centimeters;
• the sheathing is selected under the roofing. It can be made of edged or unedged boards, plywood, OSB boards.

Stages of work

1. Depending on the design of the house, we choose the right one.
2. If the rafter system is hanging, then the rafter legs are assembled in advance. And after the assembly is completed, the resulting triangles of the rafters are mounted on the two extreme structures of the rafter system. Next, proceed to the installation of adjacent rafters.
3. We lay the Mauerlat (support bar) on the load-bearing walls, provided that the house is made of blocks or bricks, but if the building is built of beams or logs, then the upper bar can be used as a Mauerlat.
4. The Mauerlat is attached to the brick walls on pre-walled metal rods with threads. They should be installed in one and a half meter increments. This will make the structure more durable and stable. Moreover, the diameter of such rods must be at least 10 mm.
5. Before installing the Mauerlat, a layer of waterproofing is laid on the brick walls (for this purpose, roofing material can be used). It is attached to bolts with washers.
6. If the walls are made of foam concrete or ceramics, then before installing the Mauerlat, their surface is poured with reinforced concrete 20-30 centimeters high.
7. Mauerlats are installed parallel to each other to avoid unevenness during the installation of the rafter system.
8. Before installing the rafters, it is necessary to mark the Mauerlat using a pencil and a ruler.
9. The rafters are made in accordance with the length of the slope, which can be determined by the Pythagorean theorem, relying on the tongs already built.
10. When calculating the length of the rafters, it is necessary to take into account the presence of an overhang, therefore, another 50 centimeters are added to the calculated value.

The length of the overhang depends on personal preferences in the appearance of the roof, but it is not recommended to make it less than 50 centimeters, otherwise it will not perform its functions - to protect the walls of the house.

1. The lower end of the rafter should have a hole that will create an ideal attachment to the Mauerlat. This cut should be 1/3 the width of the rafter.

In order not to be mistaken with the location of the cutouts, you can prepare a small drawing where you mark all the necessary values.

1. With a hanging rafter system, they are attached to each other on metal plates or bolts.
2. They are fixed with jibs, dismantled after the end of work.
3. Next, the fillies are fastened, which will form the overhang of the roof.
4. After the installation of the fillies and rafters has been completed, they proceed to the installation of the lathing and massive solid boards to the ridge.
5. If we are talking about layered rafters, then the assembly begins with the installation of the bed. Supports are attached to it.
6. This is followed by the installation of a ridge bar, secured by jibs.
7. And at the end, rafters with a length exceeding the length of the bar are mounted on the bar.
8. The type of lathing is chosen depending on the roofing.
9. Any roof, including gable, should be provided with a layer of hydro and vapor barrier. And in the presence of a warm attic, more and insulation.

The multi-gable roof is also gable, and differs from the gable roof in a large number of slopes and the presence of valleys. Their device is a rather complicated and time-consuming process. Endovye - these are the places where two slopes meet, when an inner corner is formed. In such places, accumulations of snow are formed and a large load can lead to the destruction of the structure. When organizing such a roof, it is imperative to provide for the organization of the descent of water and snow in the form of gutters.

When constructing valleys, it is imperative to use waterproofing materials in order to avoid leaks and the formation of rotting on the wood. The lathing in the place of such internal corners is made continuous, regardless of what it is for the selected roofing. All joints should be made with high quality, without the possible formation of cracks, so that there are no vulnerabilities.

To install such a roof, it is necessary to correctly calculate all the dimensions of the house and draw a small roof plan on which to indicate where the ridge will be located, and where the ends will be. This will help you correctly calculate the length of the rafter legs.

In the process of operating a private house, a country cottage or a country house, the question of increasing the living space often arises. It is usually solved by means of an extension or superstructure.

Extension to the house is troublesome. In addition, the residential extension has one significant drawback - it "steals" the usable area of ​​the site.

Therefore, a popular way to expand the living space of an individual house is to install a second floor or attic, i.e. attic roof. The construction of the mansard roof allows the resulting space to be used as a living space.

What is better attic or second floor

The following facts speak in favor of the attic: lower construction costs, better insulation of the living area, less load on the foundation. In general, the attic is the highlight of the house, gives it a certain flavor.

If in essence, the full-fledged 2nd floor is more practical and easier in terms of implementation than the attic. It all depends on the situation, if the house is being designed, then it is better to immediately provide for the second floor, because the device of the attic is a more troublesome task. And if the house is residential and has a mansard-type roof, then it would be reasonable to equip a living room in it instead of an attic “for the necessary things”.

Types of attic roof

The optimum tilt angle is 40 °. The slope should be on the leeward side. Allows you to equip a small attic above the attic. Due to only one sharp corner, the usable area of ​​the room increases.

Gable roof attic

A simple gable (pitched or gable) consists of two slopes connected at a certain angle. The advantage of a gable roof is the simplicity of the manufacture of the rafter and the finish. The disadvantage is the appearance of a "blank" area (where the roof joins the wall), which is usually not used. Often, attic roofs with a gable roof are erected along with the walls. A 45 ° pitch roof is ideal for houses no more than 6 m wide.

Unsymmetrical gable roof attic. A private house with such a roof will be distinguished by originality and functionality at the same time.

The complexity of building a roof with asymmetrical slopes is in the calculations.

Sloping mansard roof. Its difference is that each slope has two components. The device of a sloping roof allows you to get a higher attic space. And also to reduce the unused area. Such roofs are most common, due to the ability to attach a garage or summer kitchen under one roof.

Four-pitched mansard roof

Hip roof attic. In this design, the roof slopes play the role of walls.

One of the varieties of the hip roof attic is the Danish hip roof. Its construction is distinguished by the presence of gables, which make it possible to mount ordinary rather than roof windows (dormers).

Semi-hinged mansard roof (gable, four-pitched). A complex design, low slopes protect the gables of the house from precipitation.

Pitched roofs can be single or multi-level.

Custom solutions are also quite possible for a mansard roof. Their construction requires careful calculation of loads, stability, etc. It is difficult to carry out installation without special education, therefore the cost of the work is higher in comparison with classical structures.

Some examples of the original mansard roof are shown in the photo.

We have decided on the types, the question remains how to make a mansard roof with our own hands.

A short instruction contains the main stages of work and will draw your attention to some of the nuances of their implementation.

Stage 1 - Design and calculation

The choice of the appearance of the attic roof, and the calculation of its parameters is carried out taking into account such factors as:

slope angle of the slopes;

finishing material;

SNiP 2.01.07-85 “Loads and Impacts” will become a reliable assistant in calculations.

Nuance. The greater the angle of inclination, the lower the height of the attic room will be (the minimum ceiling height of the room on the attic floor is 2.2 m). Accordingly, the smaller the angle of inclination of the attic roof, the larger the area of ​​the room will be. If the slope is insufficient, precipitation can collect on the roof, which will lead to additional loads on it.

More attention is paid to the calculations if a non-standard mansard roof is being erected. For example, an asymmetrical gable roof attic has an offset center of gravity. This affects the uniformity of the load transfer to the load-bearing walls and foundation.

At this stage, a question such as a method of access to the attic floor is also being resolved. The choice of a place for the construction of stairs to the attic is an important decision. The internal location allows you to use it at any time of the year. The external one allows you to save the usable area of ​​the lower floor.

Advice. The attic ceiling folding ladder is the most economical option, but the least practical.

Mansard roof rafter system

The choice of the rafter system is influenced by:

1. attic dimensions;
2. parameters of the span to be covered;
3. roof shape;
4. construction of the first floor;
5. location of load-bearing walls and additional supports;
6. weight of the roofing material.

The construction of the roof truss system

There are two types of roof truss system with an attic:

• hanging rafters. The walls of the house serve as the basis for the rafter legs. During the construction of hanging farms, a Mauerlat is not always installed (depending on the wall material);

• layered rafters. In this case, it is necessary to erect an additional support. In the capacity of which a ridge girder or an attic wall reinforced with reinforced concrete is used. The device of a layered rafter system is allowed with a distance between the load-bearing walls up to 7 meters.

The structural difference between the roof structure with hanging and layered rafters is shown in the diagram.

When building a mansard roof, a combined type is often used - hanging rafters on top, and layered on the sides.

In this case, drawings must be made indicating the location of the individual elements and the distance between them. An example is shown in the figure.

Material prepared for the site www.site

Calculation of the rafter leg for the attic roof

Selection of wood species and justification of its optimal thickness.

The amount of material required for the rafter system depends on its type and all of the factors listed above.

Nuance. The gap between the rafter legs depends on the lumber used.

The step of the rafter legs under the attic roof will be 60-90 cm.

As a material, glued beams (80x80, 100x100 mm), a board (for slate and metal tiles, section 50x150, for ondulin 50-200) can be used.

Nuance. The length of the spans increases the diameter (section) of the rafters or reduces the gap between them.

As for the breed, it is recommended to use pine. Its wood is characterized by high strength, flexibility, ease of processing, no knots. Commercial wood must be at least grade 2. Solid beams can be replaced with glued timber, it has higher quality characteristics.

The thickness of the board for the manufacture of rafters (cross-section of the rafter leg) must be at least 50 mm. The width of the board for the rafter leg is from 150 mm (if the length of the rafters is up to 6 meters, if more, then 180-200 mm). On the one hand, this requirement is due to the fact that it has a load, on the other hand, insulation is laid between the rafter legs.

Council - any construction or restructuring must be legalized in the relevant authorities.

Stage 2 - Installing the Mauerlat

Mauerlat is an additional wooden harness along the upper perimeter of the building.

The purpose of the Mauerlat is to create conditions for reliable fastening of the lower part of the rafters. And also the redistribution of the load, which is created from the pressure of the roof on the load-bearing walls and the foundation of the building.

The installation of a simple gable roof attic requires the installation of a Mauerlat only on those walls on which the rafter legs will rest. A four-pitched roof requires its installation around the entire perimeter of the building.

Advice. In a wooden frame, the role of the Mauerlat is played by the upper crown. This can be done, but subject to the installation of the rafter legs on the sliding mounts. Because due to the load on the rafter system (wind, snow), horizontal pressure is created and the upper logs can move outward. In addition, if the material for the truss system is not properly dried, then over time, with a rigid attachment, the roof will deform.

Nuance. A stone cottage and a house requires the arrangement of a Mauerlat around the entire perimeter of the outer walls. In brick, you can install its links only under the rafters.

The parameters of the Mauerlat for a log are 150 mm in diameter, for a bar - 100x100 mm.

The breed is pine, but larch is better.

The fastening of the Mauerlat must be reliable, because this is the basis for the entire rafter system.

There are several ways of attaching the Mauerlat: with anchor bolts, studs or reinforcement (fixed to the base of the load-bearing wall);

Advice. If the building is erected from foam concrete or other porous material, only long bolts or reinforcement can be used, the length of which is 3 times the width of the Mauerlat bar. This is due to the fact that any other fasteners can be pulled out of the porous material very easily.

• annealed wire (embedded in the brickwork);

• a wooden dowel (used when installing a Mauerlat in a log house).

Nuance. To prevent the destruction of the Mauerlat, it is necessary to provide proper waterproofing, for example, put roofing material, and treat the timber itself with antiseptic solutions.

If the width of the attic matches the width of the house, the rafter legs rest on the base of the load-bearing wall. But, it is better to install the Mauerlat after all.

Stage 3 - Construction of a mansard roof

Mansard roof frame device

Floor beams. Installed on the Mauerlat. In the future, they will serve as the basis for the attic floor.

Mansard roof rafter system

For a simple roof, the manufacture of rafter legs is to form simple triangles. They can be assembled on the ground and positioned in pre-made triangles.

For a gable sloping roof, a U-shaped frame is first attached, and the rafter part is already fixed on it in a hanging (for the top) and inclined (for the sides) method. The diagrams below show this more clearly.

The lower ends of the rafter leg must be sawed and attached to the Mauerlat with nails or metal staples (movable mount).

Nuance. The wash down of the legs must be very precise to ensure a snug fit to the Mauerlat.

The rafter legs are installed at the same distance from each other. Otherwise, the load on the system will be unevenly distributed.

Installation starts from the outer legs. Then you need to pull the rope between them. This is how the horizontal will be maintained when installing the intermediate legs.

After all the rafters are installed, they are connected to each other. The step of the lathing depends on the selected roofing material.

Advice. The places intended for the installation of roof windows are reinforced with a transverse beam. Thus, the window will be securely fixed.

With a significant width of the attic roof, a ridge beam must be installed. It will serve as additional support. And part of the load (from the weight of the roof and snow) will be redistributed to it.

With a considerable length, the ridge girder is supplemented with a support.

Roof waterproofing

A hydro-barrier film is attached to the crate. The peculiarity of its fastening is to make an overlap of 100 mm. Most manufacturers mark the overlap with a bright stripe.

The waterproofing film is fixed with a construction stapler. And in case of rain, it will reliably protect the structure even in the absence of roofing material.

Insulation of the attic roof

The insulation is placed under the waterproofing. Professionals recommend using flexible insulation materials for these purposes - mineral and basalt wool. Their advantage is flexibility, the ability to fill any voids.

Laying the vapor barrier

The vapor barrier film protects the roofing insulation from steam penetrating into it from the attic living room.

Advice. It is important to provide the necessary gaps between the roofing material and the insulation. Their presence and parameters are determined by the type of insulation, the class of films used and the roofing material.

Mansard roof construction - video

Stage 4 - Installation of roof windows

The area of ​​the windows, for sufficient daylight penetration, must be at least 12.5%.

Due to the peculiarities of the roof of the dormer type, special dormer windows are used for glazing. The installation technology provides for the installation of windows before finishing work. In this case, the windows must be opened to ensure the possibility of fresh air access. In bad weather, they naturally have to be closed.

Stage 5 - Roofing of the mansard roof