Lunosemyannik Daurian: description, composition, properties, application and action of the plant. Grass, roots and rhizomes of Lunosemyannik Dahuri. Drugs, treatments and contraindications. Infusion, decoction and tincture of the Lunosemnik. Amur ivy.

Observations of garden plants give a lot of interesting things. Here, for example, Lunosemyannik Dauri (Menispermum dahuricum), he, by the way, appeared in our garden in 2001. And he arrived from the district center Rodniki, Ivanovo region, from the famous plant lover A.A. Saleyev.
Scientists books in one voice say that this vine is dioecious. Clearly, if you have only one instance in your garden, there is no point in hoping for fruit. They simply have nowhere to appear: a male plant does not produce them, and a female without a male can not.
But one can see the immaculate conception, not at all fiction, - not a figment of invention. It happens.

Amur ivy in front and profile.

Lunosemyannik Daurian is a climbing shrub liana. This means that its shoots are partially woody, and partially remain grassy. In practice, it all depends on age. Annual shoots are as thin as shoelaces, and completely grassy. With age, the creepers of lianas thicken to a diameter of 10-15mm, and the degree, that is, the height of their lignification, grows. In particularly favorable winters, an Lunosemyan shoots can survive up to a 2-meter mark. As for the total height of the vine, it usually does not exceed 4 (max .5) m.
The most remarkable thing in the Lunosemyanike is its leaves. They are about the size of a linden, have relatively long (5-15 cm) petioles, entire, with 3-5 vaguely expressed lobes, and symmetrical about the longitudinal axis. Interestingly, all the leaves are about the same size, and their tops are directed strictly downward, thus forming a kind of tiled mosaic. And the leaves of the moonflower seed, and the shape and size are very similar to ivy leaves.
Lunosemyannik blooms relatively late, around the beginning of June, and blooms about three weeks. The flowers are whitish-green, small, dioecious, gathered in small brushes. Fruits are spherical drupes with a diameter of about 10 mm, in small asymmetrical racemes of 5–12 pieces, in full maturity they are blueberry-black. The seeds are relatively large, semi-lunar form, which was the reason for assigning the name of a moon-seedman to the liana.

So that you know.

The Moonseed family (Menispermaceae) (approximately 70 genera and 450 species) is mostly tropical and subtropical. Plants, penetrating into temperate latitudes, in the family - once or twice and obchelsya. In Europe, the Lunosemynikovikov are absent altogether, and in Russia its only representative is the hero of this plot, the Dahurian seedling (Menispermum dahuricum), or Amur ivy.
There are only two species in the genus Lunosemyannik (Menispermum), one in North America and the other in the Far East. Therefore, it seems strange that the family itself received the name of such a small representative of itself. In ornamental gardening, the Asian species, as more ornamental, is used much more often than its American “colleague” Canadian Lunosemnik (Menispermum canadense).
All parts of the Lunosemyanika are poisonous. Fruits are considered to be especially dangerous if you eat them and you can get severe poisoning. However, there are few people who wish to taste unpleasant berries.
At the same time, in small doses the plant has a therapeutic effect. In medicine, they use both the fruits and the roots of the Lunosemyanika. They have a sedative and hypotensive action. Used for hypertension, headaches, increased nervous excitability, endarteritis. The Chinese have found an antitussive effect on the plant. The Japanese use it to treat rheumatism.

Trying to graft. And what came of it.

In fact, Lunosemyannik very actively grows shoots. Its horizontal roots-stolons literally twig in all directions. In this Lunosemyanik is similar to the hop and. In our garden, the creeper creeped even under the trodden path. Having emerged, on the other side of it, for a year or two she had been looking for support for herself, and she had hardly grown. Then, finding her, she went into growth and thus formed a new center of tillering. The conclusion follows from this: without a support, a moonseer grows poorly.
Based on the property of the Lunosemyannik to form a lot of shoots (and in the absence of seeds), the main method of its reproduction is “young”. But the shoots appear at the vine is not so soon, but I wanted to quickly adjust its reproduction.
First tried green cuttings. I pummeled with them for three years - no result. Then he did the same with wood cuttings - zero. The third attempt - cut the same woody cuttings, but not in the spring, but in the fall, and buried them in peat. Dug out in the spring - all safe and sound. Seated in a greenhouse, watching. At first everything went fine, the cuttings were alive, their buds began to grow, the leaves were gradually blooming. Part of the cuttings began the process of callus formation. But then, one by one, the cuttings began to rot and fall out. In the end, of the three hundred cuttings managed to root one. Conclusion - Lunosemyannik cuttings unproductive.

If the mountain does not go to Mahomet.

The winter of 2013/2014 was extremely soft. Plants were expected to winter better than usual. So it turned out, Lunosemyannik wintered more successfully than ever. His scourges remained intact to a height of more than a meter, whereas usually they are 20–50 cm. However, nothing new was expected from this.
By this time, the Lunosemyannik grew up in the garden for more than ten years and became so boring with his appearance that I simply did not notice its flowering. And how to notice, if the flowers are not only inconspicuous, but also carefully camouflaged in the thick of the crown. Well, the fruit of the creepers (like a goat's milk) had nothing to wait.
But it took a different turn. In early September, kneeling, I was weeding the foot of the vine. And unexpectedly, from this unusual point of view inside the crown, black berries dreamed of me. - Can not be!
Spread the leaves - for sure! When I researched the whole vine, it turned out that there were quite a lot of fruits - a dozen and a half brushes. I soon collected them, and following the book recommendations I sowed them immediately. Shoots, according to the same books, should appear in May. We wait!
What happened to the liana? How did she manage to get fruit? I have no conjecture about this. We assume that the plant has heard my pleas.

  Planting and care.

It would be wrong to say that a moonseer is picky. But he has a character that should be considered. If you describe his preferences very briefly, then the landing site should be sunny, and the soil is quite fertile and aerated.
I learned from my own experience that this is important, because at first I chose the unfortunate place - on the north side of the gazebo. Liana grew poorly there, and I was almost sure that it should be so. But the research spirit pushed to try other locations. Soon the place turned up in the open sun, with lighter soil than I immediately took advantage of. And a miracle happened. Lunosemyannik as if revived from hibernation. In some three years, he developed many shoots, and I was finally able to see what he was capable of.
Place of landing. The soil.  Open sun, or minor penumbra with the removal of the crown on the "sun". Close groundwater and the presence of a number of large trees oppress the vine.
When planting a single bush, the pit should be dug about 40 cm deep and about 50 cm in diameter. The soil mix can be made on the basis of leaf soil, humus and sand 1: 1: 2.
Fertilizer. Watering.Fertilizer Lunosemyanniku is not only useful, but also desirable. But digging near-stem circle is impossible. Therefore, the main method of introduction is mulching with gradual incorporation. As mulch you can use a variety of organics - ventilated peat, fluffy humus, various composts. You can add mulch throughout the season, as it is absorbed by the soil. When weeding organic matter is shown "to hide" in deeper horizons, while trying not to disturb the roots of the vine.
In the first half of the summer (from the beginning of May to mid-July) it is useful at least once (and preferably two) to conduct a liquid top-dressing with “classic” herbal infusion. To do this, a 200 l barrel of water takes 2 tightly packed buckets of nettle grass, and insist 2 weeks. The resulting "mash" vine is watered, adhering to the dosage - one bucket per bush, or two buckets per linear meter.
It is advisable to water the Lunosemyan so often that the soil is always moderately wet. 3-4 days after watering it is shown to loosen, and immediately pour a new dose of mulch.

Amur instead Carpathian.

Ivy (Hedera) has long been of interest among gardeners. I'm not an exception. I tried five of his cultivars. Two of them, overcoming all the adversities have become an indestructible part of our collection. True, they do not grow at all as in the pictures from France and Spain. That is to grow, they grow, but such chic green panels, because of which ivy is valued, do not form. He generally behaves not as a vine, but as a groundcover. Instead of "crawling on the wall" - creeps. And if it climbs, it is no more than a meter, and even then with separate lashes. In general, there is ivy, and there is no ivy.
A Lunosemyannik could be, if not a substitute, then a good imitation of ivy. With what, and the leaves, he does not yield to him. Personally, I lunosemyanika leaves more cute. Objectively, it is. First, - they are always fresh, their surface from spring until autumn yellowing remains perfectly clean and smooth. Secondly, the leaf mosaic that the moonseed forms is unusually elegant and pleasing to the eye. The very same vine, though it tends to creep away, but not at all aggressive. As for the aboveground part of the plant, there are no complaints about it at all. In any case, the Lunosemyanik is more manageable than all grapes, including the maiden (Parthenocissus), and even the Kirkazon with the tree pliers. In addition, the presence of a support "disciplines" the liana.
In general, the Lunosemyannik is a beautiful ornamental leafy liana with a good prospect in gardening. As for winter hardiness, the rumors about its insufficiency are clearly exaggerated.
Columns.Give the Lunosemyaniku columnar support, and he will turn it into a fairly flat column with a diameter of about half a meter. The height of such a column can vary between 2 and 3 m. This is the simplest method of landscaping, but in capable hands it can look very smart. The task of the designer is to arrange them beautifully. Imagine, for example, a living colonnade in the spirit of Greek basil only without a “roof,” at the entrance to the hotel, at the monument, in the landscaping of the temple ...
Facade decoration. Hedges.In either case, the main difficulty is the support. First of all, it should be netted. And its height can vary from 2.0 m to 3.0 m. For gardening the walls, so that the liana “works” to its entire length, it is possible to allow higher supports, up to 3.5 m. It is not recommended to use the chain-link as supports. It is better to make a grid specially, with a much rarer square than a square cage - from 10 × 10 cm to 20 × 20 cm.
Arches. Green arches are now coming into fashion. And this trend is probably for a long time. Indeed, there is no more enticing element for the decoration of the entrance zone than the arch. Arch, as if inviting to go through it. No wonder the arches are now so popular with the owners of shops and small firms with a separate entrance. However, most often the arches are used independently, that is, without their landscaping. And it happens that they plant non-living “plants”. No words, it is also beautiful. And yet, the arch, entwined with a real liana, is at least more natural.
What you need to know - the arch support must be openwork, that is, welded from more or less thin rods, as the vine climbs onto the tubular arches with difficulty, and it doesn’t hold onto them well. The optimal height of the arched opening is 2.5m - max. 3.0m. Each arched "legs" planted on a sapling. Going towards them, they will eventually completely hide the support itself.

Menispermum dahuricum D.S.

Lunosemyannikovye family - Menispermaceae.

Popular names: Amur ivy.

Lunosemyannik Dahuri Description

Lunosemyannik Dauri  - perennial dioecious rhizome herbaceous plant with climbing stems. Rhizome yellowish-brown, long, branched, with thin roots. The leaves are alternate, dense, dark green, thyroid, broadly heart-shaped, sometimes three to five-lobed. The flowers are unisexual, small, greenish-yellowish or greenish-pinkish, collected in axillary racemes. Calyx four-six-leaved, corolla petals six to twelve. Staminate flowers with many stamens, pistillate - with three pistils. Pistils with upper ovary and sedentary curved stigmas. Fruits are black spherical, fleshy drupes with semilunar oblate stones with a ribbed edge. Height is 2-3 m.

Flowering time. May June.

Spread. It is found in the Primorsky Territory, in the south of the Khabarovsk Territory and Transbaikalia, in the southern regions of Eastern Siberia, near Irkutsk.

Habitat Lunosemyannik Dahuri grows along the edges of forests and along the banks of rivers and streams in the coastal thickets, where climbing shoots of Lunosemyannik (lianas) entwine shrubs. As a beautiful climbing ornamental plant is sometimes bred in parks and gardens.

Used part. Rhizomes with roots, less often grass (stem, leaves, flowers).

Collection time. Rhizomes with roots are harvested in autumn, in October, grass - in May - June.

Chemical composition. Rhizomes and roots contain alkaloids (2%) dauricin, tetrandrin, synomeyain. The content of alkaloids in grass and leaves is less than in rhizomes with roots. The plant is poisonous.

Lunosemyannik Daurian application

Tincture and decoction of rhizomes with roots significantly reduce blood pressure, reduce headaches, reduce the excitability of the autonomic nervous system, improve the general well-being of patients and increase their efficiency.

On the basis of experimental and clinical studies, decoction and tincture of rhizomes and roots of a Dahurian lunar seedling are allowed to be used for the treatment of hypertensive disease of the first and third stages.

Internal use of dahuri monk seedler, as a poisonous plant, requires caution.

Mode of application.

1) 2 teaspoons of dry rhizomes and roots of Lunar Dahurian boil for 10 minutes in 2 cups of boiling water, leave for 1/2 hour, drain. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day.

2) Alcoholic tincture of a Dahurian lunar seedling (available in pharmacies) to take 15-20 drops with water 2 times a day for hypertension.

"Medicinal plants in traditional medicine»

LUNOSEMYANNIK DAURSKY  - Menispermum dauricum L
  Lunosemyannikovye family - Menispermaceae Juss.

Grassy vine 2-5 m long. Stems are curly, wrapped around shrubs or grass, or lying (where there is no suitable support). In most parts of the Far East, the stalks are frosting to the ground, like those of ordinary herbaceous perennials, but in the Southern Primorye in shrub thickets there are specimens with a stem up to 3 m in length, frosting only 20-30 (50) cm. , corked, the diameter at the base of the stem 5-7 mm. The leaves are alternate, long-petiolate, thyroid, with 3-5 lobes, less often whole, 6-12 cm long, leathery, shiny. Plant dioecious. Flowers in short paniculate inflorescences, small, whitish-green. Fruits - black, juicy drupes up to 1 cm in diameter, with one large semi-lunar seed, with a dark purple juice, are poisonous. Seed with ribbed edge.

For therapeutic purposes, grass, roots, rhizomes and leaves are used. The plant contains 0.3% alkaloids: Acutumin, Acutumidine, Dauricin, Synomenin, Menisperin, Stefarin, Magnoflorin, Dauricinoline, and also Berberine, tannins, resins, triterpene saponins and coumarins. In the leaves - alkaloids: synomenin, disinomenin, stearin, acutumin. The stalks and leaves contain coumarins and flavonoids.

Herbal infusion is used in Tibetan and Chinese medicine as a painkiller and diuretic for nephritis. The roots tincture was drunk as a means of tonic work of the gastrointestinal tract, improving metabolism, with endometritis and cholecystitis. Decoction of herbs in Transbaikalia traditional medicine uses for gynecological diseases, as expectorant for pneumonia and diaphoretic in febrile conditions. Tincture and decoction of rhizomes reduce headache, reduce the excitability of the autonomic nervous system, improve health, increase efficiency.

Sinomenin has antipyretic effect. Leaf preparations lunosemyannika  Dahurians reduce blood pressure and increase the amplitude of heart contractions, without having a significant effect on their rhythms.

It should be noted that the main active ingredient contained in the leaves is dauricin, and in the rhizomes - synomenin. Dauricin steadily lowers blood pressure and is recommended for the treatment of hypertension of I and II degrees. At the same time, the cholesterol content decreases and the amount of lecithin in the blood increases. Dauricin has 1/7 curare-like activity of tubokuranin. The synomene has anti-inflammatory effects and is promising for the treatment of rheumatism, back pain, abscesses and boils, as well as a general strengthening, hypotensive, sedative.

The plant is poisonous. There are cases of poisoning berries, Lunosemyannik- one of the ornamental plants suitable for covering gazebos, fences and walls. However, taking into account the poisonousness of the fruit, only male specimens should be taken for planting.

Methods of preparation and use:

1. 2 tablespoons of dry crushed leaves per 200 ml of boiling water, leave for 2 hours, drain. Take 0.25 cup before meals 3 times a day for hypertension.

2. 2 tablespoons of herbs lunosemyannika  Dahuri 200 ml of water, boil on low heat, insist 1 hour, drain. Take 0.25 cup for gynecological diseases, feverish conditions and as an expectorant for pneumonia.

3. 2 teaspoons of crushed dry roots for 1 cup of water, boil on low heat for 4-5 minutes, leave for 1 hour, drain. Take 2 tablespoons before meals 3-4 times a day.

Lunosemyannik Daurian is a vine, the length of which will fluctuate between two and five meters. The stems of this plant will be climbing, they will wrap around grasses or shrubs, besides, such stems can also be recumbent if there is no suitable support for them. The bark of the stems of this plant is painted in dark gray tones, it is cracked and corky. The diameter at the base of the stem is about five to seven millimeters. The leaves of the Daurian Lunosemyanik are alternate and long-petiolate, they are thyroid, endowed with three to five lobes, but at the same time they can rarely be whole. The length of such blades is six to twelve centimeters, they will be shiny and leathery. The plant is dioecious. The flowers of the Daurian lunosemnik are in rather short paniculate inflorescences, they are rather small in size and are painted in whitish-green tones. The fruits of this plant are succulent drupes, whose diameter reaches one centimeter. Such fruits are painted in black tones, they are endowed with one semi-lunar seed, as well as dark purple juice. It is noteworthy that the fruits of this plant will be poisonous.

Description of the therapeutic properties of Lunosemyannik Dahuri

  Lunosemyannik Dauri is endowed with very valuable healing properties, while for therapeutic purposes it is recommended to use the grass, leaves, roots and rhizomes of this plant. The presence of such valuable healing properties  This plant should be explained by the content of tannins, berberine, coumarins, saponins, resins and the following alkaloids: acutumin, acutumidine, dauricin, synomenin, menisperin, stefarina, magnoflorin, dauricinoline. Alkaloids are also found in the leaves of this plant, while flavonoids and coumarins will be present in the stems and leaves.
  As for Tibetan and Chinese medicine, an infusion prepared on the basis of the herb of this plant has become quite widespread. Such healing remedy  recommended for use as a diuretic and painkiller for nephritis. The tincture of the roots of this plant is used as a very effective tool that will tone up the work of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as improve metabolism. In addition, this infusion is indicated for use even with cholecystitis and endometritis.
A decoction made on the basis of the herb is a Dahurian seedling in traditional medicine should be used as an expectorant for pneumonia, and also as a diaphoretic in feverish conditions. In addition, this decoction is also effective for various gynecological diseases. Tincture and decoction of rhizomes of the Lunosemyannik Dahurisky is recommended to be used to reduce headaches, increase efficiency, improve well-being and reduce the excitability of the autonomic nervous system.
  Preparations based on the leaves of this plant, in turn, will increase the amplitude of the heart contractions, reduce the arterial effect, without having a significant effect on the rhythms of the heart contractions. It should be noted that the Dunur Lunosemynik is a poisonous plant and even cases of poisoning by its berries have been known: for this reason, caution should be exercised when handling this plant.