How to help your child remember the spelling of vocabulary words. How to learn vocabulary words easily and with pleasure? How to learn vocabulary words in 5 minutes

Learning vocabulary words is easy and fun

A lot of trouble gives primary school teachers the study of vocabulary words. Often, having drawn the attention of children to the peculiarities of writing a word and underlining the necessary letters, they offer to write it down in a dictionary and remember how it is spelled. But memory often fails young schoolchildren, since they do not yet possess any methods of memorization, and not every teacher can teach them these methods. Of course, there are many creatively working teachers who try to diversify the process of studying vocabulary words: they select poems, proverbs and sayings, introduce these words into the context of entertaining content, etc. But, unfortunately, the results in these cases do not always meet expectations.

In the meantime, there is a method that will help to cope with this problem. It is based on the age characteristics of the thinking of younger students and the general laws of memorization.

This publication presents two options for working with vocabulary words.

I option

The thinking of primary school students is visual-figurative in nature, that is, it is based on specific ideas and images. In this regard, the figurative type of memory also predominates in most of them.

In addition, it should be noted that successful memorization is facilitated by the observance of certain conditions:

1) setting for memorization: the student must want to remember what he needs to remember;
2) interest: it is easier to remember what is interesting;
3) brightness of perception: everything that is bright, unusual, that causes certain emotions is better remembered;
4) imagery of imprinting: memorization based on images is much better than mechanical memorization.

All these conditions are observed when memorizing vocabulary words by the proposed method. Its essence lies in the fact that the child, in order to memorize the word, performs drawings on letters that cause difficulty in writing. Children are happy to engage in this exciting activity, and the results in the end meet expectations.

Instructions for the teacher

1. Name the word that needs to be remembered, write it down on the blackboard.
2. Find out if the meaning of the word is clear to children.
3. Set memorization.
4. Mark letters that may cause difficulty in writing.
5. Write the word in block letters.
6. Invite children to make drawings in notebooks on "difficult" letters, based on the meaning of the word.
7. When the drawings are ready, those who wish demonstrate their options on the board.

How to draw

It is very easy to draw a tomato on the letter o, and the letter and are knives that can be used to cut it.

When a nettle stings you, it's hard to keep from screaming.

From bananas it is very easy to lay out the letter a, but it is impossible to make the letter o.

There is no alley without trees ... and people are walking along the alley, and not one or two, but many ...

And this plumbers came to repair the battery.

This word is very easy to remember - pencils and a box for them.

Why not fantasize like this?

Well, what is a sunrise without the sun?

What's a drum without sticks?

Once they bought me a balloon, it was great!

Do you have a garden at your dacha?

Of course, in the middle of this word there should be at least a small staircase.

When an appetite is played out, no one will refuse a couple of cutlets or ... popsicles.

This little man is not afraid of a puddle on the letter o, because he is in boots.

Boys love this word very much, there are many options.

Everything is clear without explanation.

Drawings should be done only on those letters that cause difficulties in writing, otherwise there is a "piling up" of images. The picture must necessarily correspond to the meaning of the word.

This process is as exciting as it is useful. Children enjoy drawing, which not only allows them to remember vocabulary words, but also develops their imagination.

Note. The teacher must remember that there is a process of forgetting, and think over a system of repetitions.

L.P. Kopylova,
psychologist of lyceum No. 42 VDZh,
Irkutsk-17

II option

Dictionary words are memorized using the mnemonic system of "connections", which is as follows:

1) memorization is easier if a person mentally imagines objects, phenomena or actions that denote words;
2) objects united in groups should "come to life", "move".

Our class had Russian on Saturday.

In Katya's apartment, a saucepan and a glass are drawn in pencil in the picture. And Olya has an apple above the bed.

Weather was good. (The sun was shining.) We drove along the road to the garden. (We draw bicycle wheels.) We planted vegetables. (Seeds of vegetables resemble the letter o.) Peas (draw peas), carrots, cucumber, tomato. But "wrong" plants have also grown in our country, their seeds resemble the letter o, and the letter a grows. Cabbage, potatoes.

We took the tram to the store and bought raspberries for breakfast.

The passenger carefully walked a long distance along the alley.

On Thursday at camp we drew wheat with black and yellow crayons.

The pencil stand resembles the letter e.

A man was walking through the city, suddenly a black cat jumped out in front of him. I turned back - a dead end, went left - a dead end to the left, went to the right - and a dead end to the right, I wanted to go down, but the asphalt interferes from below. I had to meet a black cat. And all these words are written together.

The spelling of the letters a and o at the end of the words "left - left", "right" - "right" can be remembered like this:

to the window Yu to the left;
from window Yu on the left;
at the window Yu right;
from the window Yu is right.

Wow! Once a walnut and an apple grew on an aspen!

When we are very surprised, we open our eyes wide, they become like the letter o.

The wind blew from the north, the bear swayed vm eat with birch.

The branches of the birch and the claws on the paws of the bear resemble the letter e. The bear pressed close to the birch, merged with it, the word also merged together.

The worker is going to work, puts on boots, a coat, gets into the car, goes to the factory.

My drawing is called "Lilac on the street".

The human figure is inscribed in the letter and. In one hand he holds a brush, in the other he leans on the table.

How to ride a bike? Fast, fun, soon, good.

My friend dug up the beds with a shovel, planted berries, there will be a good harvest.

The head of a man, a shovel and a basket of berries resemble the letter o.

It was the month of June. The hare put strawberries on his tongue.

The inverted letter I is the head of a hare with ears, a strawberry.

Work on vocabulary words
How to help your child remember the spelling of vocabulary words

The language is both old and forever new -
And it's so wonderful!
In the vast sea - the sea of words -
Swim every hour!

A birch and a dog, a cabbage and a director, a frost and a ship... What do these words have in common? The answer is simple, they are all dictionary words from the school dictionary for elementary grades.

Vocabulary words, like the multiplication table, must be known by heart. That's just the multiplication table is placed on half a notebook page, and dictionary words - a huge thick dictionary, and the spelling of these words defies any logic. They must be taught and taught, often returning to the same word. It is good if the child reads a lot and has developed intuition. And if for several years he cannot remember the spelling of the words "apricot" and "shovel"?

The work of spelling vocabulary words is difficult and painstaking. It continues from lesson to lesson, remaining in the memory of the students after the teacher uses special techniques.

Vocabulary words are one of the problems of elementary school.If the problem is not solved, then it turns into a heavy burden. Unresolved problems in elementary school naturally turn into middle-level problems, and then ...

Teachers in their practice apply the methodology of P. S. Totsky, where multiple repetitions are proposed for working out the speech apparatus, spelling vigilance.But this technique is not designed for children who had speech problems at preschool age (FFN, ONR, ZRR). Children with Attention Deficit Disorder, MMD, experience great difficulties in mastering vocabulary words.

I want to offer you several ways and methods, adapted for children with a history of speech problems, to memorize the spelling of vocabulary words.

Important to remember: 1. Practice daily for 15-20 minutes.
2. Take from 5 to 10 words for memorization per week.

To memorize words, use the following tasks.
1. Reading a word to a child.

2. Explanation of the meaning of the word (if the child does not know the meaning of the word, invite him to use a dictionary).

3. Spelling work on the word:
- setting stress, highlighting a difficult letter in green,
- sound-letter analysis of the word,
- division of the word into syllables and into syllables for transfer.

4. Learning the spelling of a given word:
- selection of single-root words,
- composing a phrase, a sentence with this word,
- selection of synonyms, antonyms, riddles, sayings with the given word.

5. Recording a word in a spelling dictionary.
In the evening (preferably before going to bed), ask the child to say how he will write vocabulary words.

6. Compiling a story from a group of vocabulary words (December, frost, skates, guys).

7. Picture dictation (show pictures of objects, the child writes down the names of these objects).

8. Write dictionary words in ascending order of syllables or vice versa.

9. Complete the sentence (a dictionary word is missing in the sentence).

10. Formation of the singular from the plural or vice versa (teacher - teachers, gardens - garden).

11. Formation of another part of speech (birch - birch, eastern - east, seller - sell).

12. Writing out these dictionary words in several columns:
- by birth;
- by numbers;
- by declination;
- with unverifiable vowels A, O, E, I;
- with unchecked and checked vowel;
- animate or inanimate objects;
- by topic (for example: "City" and "Village");
- parts of speech;

13. Write out from these words:
- words consisting of two, three syllables;
- words with Y;
- words with hissing.

14. Inventing phrases with dictionary words (red tomato, wide street).

15. Recording words from dictation, with stress, underlining an unchecked spelling, choosing a word for sound-letter analysis.

16. Selection of single-root words.

17. Recovery of a deformed text or sentence (guys, vegetable garden, in, collected, and, cucumbers, tomatoes, peas, baskets).

18. Parsing words by composition.

19. Writing words with different prefixes (went, came, left, went).

20. Recording words with different prepositions (to the square, near the square, on the square).

21. Put the word in the right case, decline the dictionary word.

22. Form a new word using a suffix (birch - birch, coast - coast).

23. Replace with one word (the person who drives the tractor is a tractor driver, a wide asphalt road is a highway, to win is to win).

24. Letter from memory.

25. Self-dictation and mutual verification.

26. Write off, insert one or two consonants (C or SS - clan ... ny, kero ... in, sho ... e, ro ... a, ka ... ir, ba ... ein) .

27. Replace these words in meaning with others (group - team, store - department store, break - intermission, doctor - surgeon, friend - comrade).

28. For these adjectives, select nouns that are dictionary words (red apple, fiction, drama theater) according to their meaning.

29. Replace with synonyms (driver - driver) or antonyms (south - north).

30. Finish the sentence with homogeneous members of the sentence (You can buy in a vegetable store ...).

Can be usedmethod of associative memorization of words. But I do not recommend its use in children with OHP 2 levels of speech development, mental retardation, ADD, MMD, with mental retardation.

The essence of the method. The difficult spelling of a dictionary word is associated with a vivid associative image that is remembered when writing this dictionary word, helping to write the spelling correctly.

Methodology

2. Highlight in green (underline, circle) the syllable that causes difficulties (doubt) when writing.
For example: be-re-for.

3. Write out separately the syllable that is in doubt, highlighting (in size, color) the dubious spelling.
For example: b_E., b_e.

4. Find an associative image associated with a dictionary word and write it opposite the dictionary word.

REQUIREMENTS FOR ASSOCIATIVE IMAGE:

a) An associative image must necessarily be associated with a dictionary word by some common feature.
Model:
Associative communication can be by:
- color;
- location;
- form;
- sound;
- action;
- taste;
- material;
- appointment;
- quantity
etc.

b) An associative image must have in its spelling an undoubted letter, which is doubtful in a dictionary word.

For example:
dictionary word
* birch - by color _white
* birch - curly: need a comb to comb (shaped like the letter E)
Result: b_E.cut - b_E.bark, - gr_E.ben (_E.)

5. Depict a dictionary word combined with an associative image (drawing and / or intersection of words through a dubious spelling).
For example:
b
Birch tree
l
a
I

6. Read the dictionary word and clearly reproduce the found associative image aloud, imagining their union and the dubious spelling connecting them.
ATTENTION! DO NOT force your association on your child!
Value - the presence of each of its own associative image under the given requirements: communication and a common given spelling.

Examples of vocabulary words and associative images:

Literature that will help diversify your activities with your child.
1. Molokova A. V., Molokov Yu. G., Kilina G. F. Electronic textbook "Vocabulary words. Grades 1-4"
Annotation:
The manual is intended for use in Russian language lessons in elementary school in order to study, develop the skills of correct spelling of vocabulary words, as well as to organize control and self-control in the classroom.
Words whose spelling needs to be remembered are divided into classes, and within each class they are grouped thematically. With each group of vocabulary words, the student can work in three modes.
The "Learn" mode allows you to see the illustration and spelling of each dictionary word in this group, as well as hear its pronunciation by the announcer.
The "Check Yourself" mode is designed to practice the skills of correct spelling of vocabulary words after the appearance of illustrations and voice accompaniment. The student can use the hint to select the required letters. This will be reflected in the comments to the task.
The "Control" mode allows the student to interactively check the correct spelling of vocabulary words in the group according to the illustration and sound of the word. In this case, there is no way to use the hint.
The results of the work are recorded and can be reviewed by the teacher after it is completed.

I bet most adults have already forgotten what dictionary words are and how they once got deuces for which, according to the account, there was an error in the word coat. Although even a well-educated person with a higher education (or even more than one) no, no, yes, and will stumble over an insidious word the vinaigrette.

Whether it's kids, junior high school students. For them now vocabulary words are the biggest headache. Well, maybe in second place after the multiplication table. But it is much easier to memorize a table than to memorize a spelling dictionary.

Yes, and high school students are sometimes not sweet with words like immunity and disqualification. This article was written about how to help them learn complex spellings.

Since the vocabulary of the Russian language is such a big problem for schoolchildren, we offer several recommendations and ways to solve it. And you, parents, shake your head - you will help children.

What are dictionary words?

vocabulary they name words in which the spelling of some letters cannot be checked according to the rules. Or there are such rules, but, for example, it is difficult to choose a test word (it is outdated, does not belong to the literary language, etc.) These include both native Russian words and all sorts of borrowings from other languages. The latter is especially difficult. Here's how you can explain why in a word jury letter Yu, not U? No, just remember.

All vocabulary words can be conditionally divided into groups:

words with an unchecked vowel ( lampshade, idiom, lunar rover);
double consonant words ( illusion, column, kilogram);
words with unpronounceable consonants ( agency, hello, explicit);
words with a separating hard sign ( injection, adjutant, conjunctivitis);
words with prefixes pre/pri ( despise compare with despise);
hyphenated words ( I’ll pick you up, hello, Ivan-tea, all-in);
words with separate spelling in close-fitting, in the bosom, on the eye);
slurred words ( white, shattered, sideways);
and some other cases.

Learning the spelling of dictionary words is not shameful not only for schoolchildren, but also for adults. To less often have to climb into the spelling dictionary for tips. How to do it faster and more efficiently?

How will we learn vocabulary words?

In the next section, we will take a closer look at the various memorization techniques. In the meantime, let's talk about general points.

So, in order to learn as many vocabulary words as possible, you need to make a list to remember. For example, use an alphabetical index. There are many teaching aids that contain lists of words that students are supposed to learn in each class. Toddlers, for example, are supposed to memorize about 200 words.

It is better to study little by little, but every day. Even 15 minutes of exercise every day is much more than nothing. The same principle applies here as in the study of foreign languages. Regularity is one of the most important components of success.

It is also worth getting your own spelling dictionary, where the child will write out the complex words that he is currently learning. You can do this: take an ordinary student notebook, cut it in half - that's the dictionary ready. It is easier to use such a “half-notebook” than a whole one. It takes up less space in your bag. In addition, fewer words are placed on a page divided in half - just enough to make it convenient to repeat at a time.

Learning words - algorithm:

let the child read the dictionary word aloud in syllables;
explain to him the meaning of the word or look together in the explanatory dictionary;
mark the stress in the word, and underline the spelling or highlight it in a different color (with a pen, marker, colored pencil);
write down several words with the same root for this word, make a phrase or sentence, you can use antonyms and synonyms to create associative chains;
transfer the word to a homemade dictionary;
try one or more memory methods.

What these methods are will be discussed below.

Ways to remember vocabulary words

There are several such methods, and many of them are based on associations. High school students will cope with the task on their own. But babies may need parental help. Find time in your schedule to spend time with your child. Your participation will help him learn Russian vocabulary words faster and easier. And besides this, such a joint activity brings the family together and strengthens it.

Method 1 - write a story: you can take a few vocabulary words and write a short story in just a few sentences.

Words can be combined by one theme: " We bought a ballet ticket, our seats are on the balcony. To see the scene better, we took binoculars with us.”

Or it could be words with the same spelling. You can compose a story in which " The athlete in the Arena ate an orange.

The main thing is that the child himself participated in the composition. The story does not have to be very coherent or especially logical - the main thing is that the result is a memorable image. Lively enough to stay in memory for a long time - and difficult words will be remembered with it.

Method 2 - draw pictures: you can, of course, find ready-made cards with words on the Internet, but making them yourself is much more effective.

Come up with a bright and memorable image for a compound word with your child and draw it together. Be sure to reflect those letters whose spelling is difficult to remember in your picture.

For example, hippopotamus can be depicted sitting on the tail - then his legs and torso form the letter E. Or the letter can be entered into the drawing: draw a large Nut and circle it with an O.

By the way, if there are several orthograms in a word, put them all on the drawing in sequence: so E, O and I in the word bike can be depicted as a steering wheel, wheel and frame.

This method is good for nouns that elementary students have to memorize. For abstract concepts, it is of little use.

Method 3 - decline the dictionary word: you just need to write down a word with a complex spelling in all cases.

I.p. horizon

R.p. horizon

D.p. horizon

V.p. horizon

etc. horizon

P.p. (about) horizon

This practice, using motor memory, helps to learn spelling.

Method 4 - come up with associations: this way is just good for abstract concepts. Memorizing in this way is similar to learning foreign words. This is probably why high school students and adults prefer it.

Associative chains can be built on sound likeness. That is, to select such words where a similar spelling is under stress. And they still sound the same. For example, remember that eyewitness « oche ny in and dit", and makeup « ma ma inflicts ki stu".

An image based on associations should be quite bright and logical, it can be funny. The vowel being checked must be stressed, the unpronounceable consonant must be clearly audible, etc. To remember the spelling of a word skates, you can imagine "a horse on horse kah". And for the word honestly to learn that "it is necessary to act honestly for the sake of honor and".

By the way, you can combine several methods for more effective memorization. Especially such words, where several spellings have come together at once. So, you can come up with an image based on associations, sketch it and designate an unverifiable letter in the picture. Let's take the floor plasterer: imagine that "the plasterer has a funny thing, and also he tour ist". Draw a man with a brush that looks like the letter Sh. And let him stand with his legs wide apart and look like the letter A.

Method 5 - use stickers: this method can be considered as the final step after all the previous methods.

Suppose you and your child have drawn funny pictures for vocabulary words. Now cut them out and hang them in different places around the house. And in the child's room (you can over the desk), and in the bathroom - let him admire while brushing his teeth. And even, do not laugh, in the toilet. Well, don't let time go to waste.

They came up with a vivid image, composed a story based on associations, wrote out a dictionary word in their homemade dictionary - and at the same time made a note with this word on a sticker. The more often the words will catch the eye in different non-educational situations, the faster they will be remembered.

Summarize

It is customary to complain that foreign languages are difficult to learn. But think about how difficult it is to learn Russian. As adults, we rarely think about it. But they themselves went through the difficult path that our children are now following.

It is in our power to help them and make it easier for them to memorize words with difficult spellings. If you turn it into a game for toddlers and an exciting puzzle for high school students, it will become much easier.

Get creative with the methods we have suggested to you. There are no strict rules for memorizing vocabulary words. Only little tricks that someone once thought up, tried out and told about them to others. So you, too, tell your friends about this article on social networks. And to us in the comments - what methods your children use.

site, with full or partial copying of the material, a link to the source is required.

The language is both old and forever new -
And it's so wonderful!
In the vast sea - the sea of words -
Swim every hour!

The work of spelling vocabulary words is difficult and painstaking. It continues from lesson to lesson, remaining in the memory of the students after the teacher uses special techniques.

Vocabulary words are one of the problems of elementary school. If the problem is not solved, then it turns into a heavy burden. Unresolved problems in elementary school naturally turn into middle-level problems, and then ...

Teachers in their practice apply the methodology of P. S. Totsky, where multiple repetitions are proposed for working out the speech apparatus, spelling vigilance.

But this technique is not designed for children who had speech problems at preschool age (FFN, ONR, ZRR). Children with Attention Deficit Disorder, MMD, experience great difficulties in mastering vocabulary words.

I want to offer you several ways and methods, adapted for children with a history of speech problems, to memorize the spelling of vocabulary words.

Important to remember:
1. Practice daily for 15-20 minutes.
2. Take from 5 to 10 words for memorization per week.

To memorize words, use the following tasks.

1. Reading a word to a child.