How to assemble an electric air compressor yourself. How to make a solid compressor with your own hands at home? How to make an air compressor yourself

A simple air compressor, with which you can perform paint work or pump up car tires, can be made with your own hands from improvised materials. A homemade compressor will work no worse than its factory counterparts, and the cost of its manufacture will be minimal.

You can make a mini compressor for connecting a spray gun or an airbrush from a car pump, having improved it a little. Modernization of the compressor will increase its power (performance) and will consist in adapting it to a voltage of 220 V (instead of 12 V), connecting the device to the receiver and installing automation.

Adaptation of the device for voltage 220 V

To connect the autopump to a 220 V network, you will need to find some power supply (PSU), the output of which will be 12 V and the current strength suitable for the device.

Advice! For this purpose, a power supply from a computer is well suited.

You can find out the value of the current consumed by the device by looking at its nameplate. In this case, the power supply from the PC (see the figure above) will be quite enough in terms of current and voltage.

So, if you insert the plug of the electrical cord into the PC power supply and turn it on, then nothing will happen. This is because the PSU will not turn on until it receives a signal from the PC. To simulate turning on a PC, on the connector coming out of the PSU, you need insert a jumper. You will need to find among the many conductors one green wire, and the second black, as shown in the following photo.

These wires can be cut and twisted, but it is better to short them with a jumper.

Because the pump has car cigarette lighter plug, then it can be cut off, and the device can be connected to the corresponding color with wires from the PSU.

But it would be better if you buy a car cigarette lighter and connect it to the power supply, and connect the device itself using a standard plug.

There are 3 wires coming out of the cigarette lighter: red - “+”, black - “-” and yellow - “+”, designed to connect the LED. Connect the wires to the cigarette lighter, observing the polarity (see photo below).

If you insert the plug from the device into the cigarette lighter, you will get a 220 V electric air compressor that can not only inflate tires, but also work with an airbrush.

Connecting additional elements

To connect the device to the receiver, it is necessary to assemble the structure shown in the diagram below.

This binding includes the following elements.

cross, which has all outputs with VR1/2. Marking means: "BP" - internal thread, "1/2" - thread diameter in inches.
Tee, has all outputs with HP1/2 (“HP” – external thread).
valves in the amount of 2 pcs. (VR1/2 - VR1/2). Designed to block the movement of air in both directions. The double marking means that there is an internal thread on both sides of the valve.
. Designed to allow air to flow in one direction only. You can install a simple spring valve BP1/2 - BP1/2. If you plan to work with a pressure of 6-7 bar, then you need to select a check valve that does not have plastic parts.
straight nipple, is an adapter with 2 external threads (HP1/2).
adapter nipple HP1/2 - HP1/4. Allows you to change from one external thread diameter to another.
Extension(60 mm) HP1/2 - HP1/2. This is the same nipple, only straight. That is, the thread at both ends has the same diameter.
Reducing coupling. It is an adapter from an internal thread of one diameter to an internal thread with another. In this case, from BP1/2 to BP1/8.
Tee, which has all outputs already with a HP1 / 8 thread.
Coupling straight BP1/8 - BP1/8. Has 2 identical internal threads.
Hose adapter HP1/8.
Pressure regulator (pressostat) with moisture-oil separator. The pressure switch allows you to maintain the air pressure in the receiver is not lower than the minimum and not higher than the maximum allowable level. The water separator can be omitted if the unit is to be used as a tire inflation pump. When using a painting unit, the installation of an oil-moisture separator is a prerequisite.

The above piping scheme assumes 2 outlet fittings: the first for air outlet to the spray gun (airbrush), and the second for tire inflation.
adapter nipple HP1/4 - HP1/8.
Futorka(HP1/4 - BP1/8), is an adapter from a larger diameter of the external thread to a smaller diameter of the internal thread.
Pressure gauges. These devices allow you to visually control the level of air pressure in the receiver and at the supply to the line.

When assembling all elements, it is necessary use thread sealant, for example, fum-tape. Pressure gauges can be connected through high pressure hose cuts. The latter should be pulled onto the adapters and fixed with clamps.

Pressure gauges can be screwed directly onto the thread, without the use of hoses, if it is not necessary to bring them to the front panel of the unit.

How the compressor piping assembled according to the diagram looks like is shown in the following photo.

The receiver for an autocompressor can be made from a large-diameter metal pipe welded on both sides, a fire extinguisher or a gas cylinder. If the compressor is supposed to work only with an airbrush, then an ordinary tubeless wheel from a car can serve as a receiver.

Important! When selecting a container for the receiver, one should take into account the fact that the autopump can work no more than 10 minutes. continuously. Accordingly, the volume of the receiver should also be small (about 20 liters) so that the device can raise the air pressure in it to the required level before 10 minutes have passed.

A simple version of the unit from a fire extinguisher / gas cylinder

Making a compressor with your own hands using a fire extinguisher or a gas cylinder as a storage tank for air is quite simple. For example, the compressor unit itself, if you want to make a powerful unit, you can take from Zilovsky compressor. But first it needs to be tweaked a bit.

Drill 2 holes in each connecting rod (assembled, including liners) and 1 hole in each connecting rod cap.

During the operation of the unit, the oil in the crankcase will flow through these holes to the liners and reduce friction between them and the crankshaft.

If you take receiver fire extinguisher, then you first need to remove all unnecessary parts from it, leaving only the container itself and the lid.

The cast iron cap should be threaded ¼ inch. Also, under the cast-iron cover, it is necessary to lay a rubber gasket, if it was not there, and tighten the cover, using fum-tape to seal the thread.

The steps for connecting all the strapping elements were described at the beginning of the article. But, since this unit is made from a ZIL 130 compressor, and is more powerful than the previously considered one, it will require the installation of a safety (emergency) valve. It will relieve excess pressure if for some reason the automation does not work.

You can also do gas bottle compressor. But first you need to release gas from the cylinder, and then twist the valve. Next, you need to completely fill the cylinder with water to remove residual gas. The container should be rinsed with water several times and, if possible, dried. Usually, a gas burner is installed under the cylinder and all moisture is evaporated from the container.

A futorka is screwed into the hole where the valve was placed, and a crosspiece is screwed into it, to which the automation and the entire harness are attached. A hole must be drilled in the lower part of the cylinder and a condensate drain fitting welded to it. You can install a regular water tap on the fitting.

For fixing on the receiver of the engine and the compressor block, a metal corner frame. Mounting bolts are pre-welded to the cylinder. The frame will be attached to them (see photo below).

Important! The engine for this unit must have a power of the order of 1.3 -2.2 kW.

You can also make a compressor for inflating tires yourself chainsaw which is beyond repair. The device is made from an engine, that is, from a piston block: the outlet hose is connected through a check valve instead of a spark plug, and the exhaust gas hole is blocked. To rotate the crankshaft, you can use either an electric motor or a conventional electric drill.

An air compressor made from a refrigerator, or rather, from its unit, is the most silent. But you should know that such a device not high performance. With it, you can only inflate car tires or work with an airbrush. For the normal operation of various pneumatic tools (screwdriver, grinder, spray gun, etc.), the performance of this unit is not enough, even if you connect a large volume receiver to it. Although on the Internet you can find designs consisting of two or three compressors connected in series, connected to a large receiver.

So, the unit removed from the refrigerator has start relay with power cord. Also, 3 copper tubes come out of the apparatus. Two of them are designed for air inlet and outlet, and the third (soldered) is for filling oil. If you turn on the device for a short time, you can determine which of the two tubes sucks in air, and from which it is blown out.

The following figure shows how to assemble the entire structure consisting of the unit, receiver and pressure regulator with pressure gauge.

Advice! Instead of a filter at the outlet, which sometimes bursts due to high pressure, it is better to install an oil-moisture separator. Its presence is mandatory if the device will be used for painting.

Installed on the inlet pipe air filter to prevent dust from entering the unit. To automate the process of pumping air, you can install automation in the form of a pressure switch.

DIY high pressure compressor

The high pressure compressor (HP) is made from two-stage compressor head AK-150.

As a drive, you can take 380 V motor, 4 kW. The rotation of the engine shaft is transmitted to the shaft of the piston group by means of an eccentric, which also serves as a drive for the plunger-type oil pump. It creates an oil pressure of about 2 kgf / cm 2.

Compressed air, leaving the last stage, enters through an adapter with a pressure gauge installed into the fitting of a liter cylinder, which is installed in its lower part. It also has a condensate drain valve. The balloon is filled with polished glass chips and acts as a moisture separator.

Air exits from the top of the cylinder through the finger fitting. Compressor cooling is water. After 45 min. operation of the unit, the water heats up to 70 degrees. The author of this unit claims that during this time it is possible to pump up 1 cylinder per 8 liters and 2 cylinders per 4 liters up to 260 atm.

The compressor is one of the tools necessary for do-it-yourself car maintenance. Moreover, it has a wide scope, that is, using this device, you can carry out various car maintenance operations, such as providing air to pneumatic tools, repairs. This article discusses how to create do-it-yourself compressors for painting cars.

Operating principle

Compressors according to the device principle are divided into several types. The general principle of operation of these devices is described below. It consists in the fact that the air pumped by the engine enters the tank, where it accumulates, reaching an increased pressure. When an excessively high pressure is reached, excess air is removed from the tank through the bleed valve.

That is, compressors function on the basis of maintaining the pressure at a constant level. Especially important is the constancy of pressure for devices intended for painting. In any case, air pressure is considered the main parameter of such a device, therefore the technology for creating an automobile compressor and the choice of materials for it are determined based on the required pressure value.

Building a simple compressor

The easiest way to do it yourself is based on a car camera. This item in this case will play the role of a receiver. In addition to the camera from the car, for the described work you will need: a nipple from another camera, a car pump with a pressure gauge, materials for working with rubber, a set of tools.

It is important to find a whole chamber from the car, since the functions of the receiver in this case are to accumulate air. The role of an air blower in a home-made car painting device will be performed by an automobile pump with a pressure gauge.

Work begins with the fact that a hole is cut out in the chamber from the car and a nipple is glued into it. The nipple with a nipple, which is present on the chamber initially, will serve during operation to pump air into it with a pump, and the glued one will supply air to the atomizer hose. After that, you need to adjust the pressure in the chamber. This is carried out by selecting its value on the pressure gauge, based on practice, that is, by spraying the paint.

If the car pump you are using is not equipped with a bleed mechanism, you should slightly unscrew the hose from it, as this will avoid pressure drops during operation.

If there is a release mechanism, the pressure will be stable without this action.

The following are some recommendations to simplify the work of creating such a compressor for painting a car with your own hands and achieve the desired result. So, you must first fix the chamber to avoid its fluctuations when the air is supplied by the pump.

It is unacceptable to fill it with any bulk materials, as this can clog the channels, causing the paint to mix with this substance. The same rule applies to liquids. That is, it is possible to mix the liquid in the chamber and the paint. This will cause the paint to lose its properties and, moreover, will be sprayed unevenly.

Building a Compressor with a Receiver

Such a homemade compressor for painting a car is more difficult than the one discussed above. He is considered semi-professional. Therefore, in order to make this do-it-yourself airbrush device for a car, you will need a larger assortment of tools and starting materials:

manometer;
pressure switch;
gearbox with oil separator;
crosspiece and adapters;
nipple;
clutch;
oil separator filter;
a tube;
receiver;
clamps from the car;
furniture wheels;
fitting, nuts, washers, screws and studs;
toggle switch;
motor oil;
fuel filter and oil and petrol resistant hose;
plug and cord;
refrigerator compressor;
plywood panels (chipboard);
dye;
sealant, fum tape;
rust converter.

It is, of course, difficult to obtain such a large number of devices separately. Therefore, it is advisable to find an old refrigerator - it will serve as a source of some parts for the compressor. So, you can use a cylinder with a built-in relay. However, you first need to make cosmetic repairs, that is, clean them of dirt, as well as rust, which is present on many elements of old refrigerators.

It is advisable to treat the cylinder with a rust converter to avoid subsequent oxidation of this part.

In addition, it should be taken into account that during the operation of the refrigerator, the compressor may have lost its sealing, which led to a change in the conditions of its operation. Therefore, you should replace the original oil with an analogue for a car, since the latter endures much more severe operating conditions.

Suitable synthetic motor oil for cars. To change the oil, a tube soldered in most cases on the side of the device is used. First you need to file it with a file, and then break it off. In this case, precautions must be taken so that fragments of the material do not get inside the tube. Oil for cars is poured with a syringe in a pre-calculated volume. After that, the tube is plugged with a screw of the appropriate diameter with a rubber gasket to ensure tightness.

As a receiver, you can use, for example, a case from a OP-1 fire extinguisher with a volume of 10 liters, after sawing off the handle from it. Due to the fact that the refrigerator compressor is characterized by abundant oil evaporation, an oil-moisture separator should be installed at the inlet to the receiver, which will prevent foreign liquids, such as water or oil, from entering the paint.

Next, you need to drill a hole for the adapter and fix it. The easiest way to do this is by cold welding using Epoxylin. First, it is necessary to repair the bottom of the receiver, namely, clean it from all dirt and rust for effective interaction of Epoxylin with the working surface and to avoid paint contamination during subsequent operation. Cleaning is carried out by grinding the bottom of the fire extinguisher with sandpaper in a circular motion until a metallic sheen is achieved. After that, the adapter is fixed on the front side with a nut and left for a while (the exact dates are indicated in the instructions) for the Epoxylin to dry.

The base for a compressor for painting a car can be created from three wooden boards or plywood measuring 30 x 30. To increase the mobility of the device, you can equip the base with furniture wheels.

To fix the device, you need to drill holes for it and studs in the base. The latter are fixed with nuts and washers.

An automobile filter with a paper core should be put on the inlet, as this will prevent contaminants from entering it.

To increase ease of use, it is necessary to equip the compressor for painting a car with a pressure switch (for example, RDM5 or PM5), which will turn it off when the maximum pressure value is reached and turn it on when this value drops to a minimum. The maximum and minimum pressure values can be set independently by the relay springs. The relay has 2 contacts intended for connection to the network. One of them must be used for its intended purpose, and the other must be connected to the compressor.

In addition, it is desirable to equip the compressor with a general shutdown switch, which will allow you to de-energize the entire installation at once. It is installed on the gap between the network and the pressure switch.

Next, you can paint the receiver and begin the final assembly. A nut with a fitting must be screwed onto the filter-oil-moisture separator. One of the ends of a reinforced, oil-resistant hose is put on the latter. The second end is put on the compressor tube. The connections should be clamped with clamps, and the threaded connections should be sealed with fum-tape. The filter must be screwed to the bottom of the receiver and treated with a silicone sealant. Next, screw the cast-iron cover with a thread pre-treated with sealant, placing a rubber gasket under it. A tube with a quarter-inch thread is screwed onto the lid, and a crosspiece is screwed onto it. To tightly fix the receiver on the base, it should be pressed with a plywood cover with a pre-made hole for it.

A relay is screwed to the left of the cross, a gearbox with a filter is screwed to the right, and a pressure gauge is on top. At the end of the work, connect the wires to the relay.

The last step in preparing the car paint tool for work is to set it up and test it. Such a compressor for painting a car is much more difficult to set up with your own hands than the one discussed above, but it is easier to paint and repair with it. Moreover, this airbrush device can be used not only for painting, but also for other purposes, that is, it is universal.

Expediency

Considering how much branded compressors cost, creating such an airbrush tool with your own hands turns out to be very profitable. Thanks to this, it is possible to provide maintenance and repair of the car without incurring high costs. In addition, homemade compressors are also more profitable in terms of maintenance. So, if branded devices need to be taken to a service center for repair, it is easy to repair home-made compressors with your own hands. In addition, since all their components are easily accessible, repairs are carried out in a short time and do not require large expenses. Moreover, due to the simplicity of design, home-made compressors are very reliable, therefore, repairs will not need to be carried out often.

Today, many different types of compressors are used in everyday life, for the operation of which a variety of gases are used. It has the greatest popularity, which is also actively used by car owners for painting a car or pumping car wheels, since it is less convenient to use a manual pump for the same purposes. Next, we will consider how to make a compressor for painting a car yourself and what the procedure for its manufacture is.

DIY homemade compressor

Compressor motor and electronics. Click on photo to enlarge

A small hole is cut in the chamber itself, which will later contain a nipple for an electric or manual pump, which will be used to paint the car. At the entrance, it should be done with a nipple, while the second one is glued without a nipple, a sprayer will be connected to it. The degree of air compression is subject to fine adjustment empirically. To do this, an experimental batch of paint is sprayed onto the surface of the wall or any other. After a suitable pressure level is found, the pump is disconnected, and it is important to make sure that the pressure has not changed.

It is also important to consider that the camera needs to be firmly fixed, since it will not be in a stable position on the floor. This option will allow you to create a simple tool with which you can easily fix minor flaws in the paintwork on a car.

Homemade compressor with your own hands. Option 2

This case involves using a tube car tire (or tube itself) as well as a pump.

Homemade compressor. Click on photo to enlarge

In this case, using a chamber with or without a tire depends on how much pressure you need to get from a homemade car. A small hole is cut in the chamber, into which another nipple is glued (raw rubber is quite suitable for this). One nipple must be equipped with a nipple for air injection, and a hose from the sprayer is attached to the second (outlet).

The pressure is regulated by a barometer built into the pump. Next, you need to spray paint on the wall to determine the required pressure. After that, slightly unscrew the hose from the pump so that during pressing the pressure of the sprayer does not noticeably change. The exception is autopumps with a built-in bleeder, in which case the pressure will be constant.

Manufacture of complex compressors. Method 1

For the manufacture of a complex compressor, you can use any electric motor from a refrigeration device (if it burns out, then only a piston mechanism needs to be used).

An example of a small compressor. Click on photo to enlarge

To extract it, the body is cut in two places with a hacksaw, and then the fixing bolts are unscrewed and the stator and pump with the rotor are removed.

Due to the fact that there is no need for a rotor, it can be knocked off the crankshaft, but if the design is equipped with a belt drive to the pump, then pulleys with prismatic keys, fixed with M6 bolts, are put on the pump crankshaft and motor shaft tails.

Keyways need to be milled on all shafts and can also be drilled using an optional 14mm bore bushing. It is put on over the shank, after which a hole with a diameter of 5 mm is drilled exactly along the joint, then the sleeve is removed. In cross section, the keyways have a semicircular shape, so the keys should be given the same shape.

How to make a frame for a structure?

The compressor frame can be made using two channels tied with crossbars from steel plates on screws. The pump is fixed to the frame with four bolts with bushings (their height can be adjusted directly on site), after which the motor is mounted on the base plate.

The frame allows the V-belt to be tensioned by moving it along the adjustment holes. If the air tube is long enough, then there is no need to use a receiver - it can be used as an oil sump.

Manufacture of complex compressors. Method 2

Compressor device. Click on photo to enlarge

For this method of making a homemade compressor for painting, an empty five-liter gas stove bottle is useful. Take the receiver, compressor and wheels, they must be fixed on the base. The frame can be welded using rectangular tubes with a cross section of 40x25 mm, and in the absence of a pipe, steel corners can be used. We attach wheels to the base for ease of movement of the structure. To adjust the pressure in a working compressor from a refrigeration device, visual control is required using a pressure gauge.

It is also important to set the limiter at a suitable level. A nipple, a pressure gauge and two fittings (one for the inlet, the other for the outlet) are combined by a base on a solid metal bar with four drilled holes that are connected in one channel. The holes should be threaded for each element. The block itself is fixed with two screws on the surface of the frame. Thus, compressed air is sent to the receiver through the hose.

A slightly shortened valve can be left in the used gas cylinder. The valve should be removed from it, replacing it with a copper tube. From the inside, a PVC pipe leading to the bottom of the receiver should be put on it. With its help, moisture and oil vapors are separated.

In order for the condensate to drain from the receiver, a plugged hole must be made in the bottom, for this an M8 nut is welded and a bolt is tightened. Welding can only be started after all residual explosive gas has been expelled from it. To do this, it must be filled with water. The second copper tube, located in the M6 threaded hole in the valve, transfers air to the splitter, which transfers it directly to the consumer (to the spray gun, to the camera, to the ball, etc.) To start the engine, you can use a standard start relay, pre-attached on the frame. When painting with a gun, you can direct moisture vapor into the hose using a fine fuel filter for a car, it has the ability to retain moisture. Also, before starting work, it is important to check if there is any condensate in the receiver. Ready-made compressor for painting cars is almost silent and very compact.

Making complex compressors with your own hands. Method 3

Scheme of the compressor unit. Click on photo to enlarge

The role of the main mechanism in this version is played by a two-cylinder compressor from ZIL-130. The muffler from the KrAZ car will serve as the bearing and forming part. In design, it is a receiver. A simple frame made of a 35x35 mm corner is attached to it, on which corners and mechanisms are located.

Under the receiver there are several crossbars and the aforementioned corners, they are connected to the frame with studs, self-orienting wheels are attached to the ends.

Stage I

To convert the muffler from KrAZ into a receiver on the compressor unit, it is necessary to weld the inlet and outlet holes with plugs, then drill several holes for the M14x1 mm thread on the outlet, and screw two fittings on the sealant into them. Initially, an intermediate receiver based on an oxygen cylinder is mounted.

Its task is to absorb moisture and oils contained in compressed air. In order for it to work more efficiently, it is necessary to equip a threaded drain hole at the bottom of the device, and then block it with a sealed plug. In this case, the balloon can be removed.

Stage II

The compressor drive uses a three-phase AC motor. Suitable power is 1kW with 1380 rpm. with the windings attached to it in the form of a triangle. It should be converted to work with household power supply (voltage 220 V), but ideally the motor should be single-phase. In order for it to easily start and not overheat, it must be equipped with a starting and working capacitor bank, and then connected according to the indicated scheme.

The starting box can be used from the washing machine. The engine should be started as follows: we press the button for connecting the starting battery of capacitors, and then the main starting one on the switch. After the engine reaches nominal speed, you can release the starter battery button. You can stop the engine with the stop button.

Stage III

The capacity of the working capacitor bank should be selected so that the engine does not overheat even during prolonged use. For one kilowatt motors, a capacitance of 25 microfarads is suitable. The capacity of the starting batteries in this case should be in the range from 70 to 100 microfarads. The basic criterion is a quick set of engine speeds. The breakdown voltage of all capacitors must be at least 300V. For better cooling, an impeller of six blades of our own manufacture is installed on the motor shaft. With the help of a V-belt transmission with a threefold reduced speed, rotation is transmitted to the compressor eccentric from the electric motor.

Reducing the power consumption of the drive, and thereby facilitating its operation, can be achieved by redesigning the compressor. To do this, instead of a regular head, equipped with only two exhaust valves, it is necessary to install a duralumin plate on four valves (two intake and two exhaust). The compressor is connected to the transfer case and the receiver using pipelines. They are made of aluminum with a bore diameter of 6 mm. It is fixed with standard aviation fittings, tees, elbows and union nuts with bushings. The transfer box can also be made independently.

For this, an aluminum bar is taken with a one-sided blind longitudinal hole with a diameter of 10 mm. A receiver tube will be connected to it through a fitting. It is also necessary to make three more holes: one on the side and two on top. A pressure gauge is installed in one upper hole, and a safety valve is installed in the other. It should be adjusted to a pressure limit of 4 kg/cm2 (4 atm). A branch pipe for the outlet of compressed air is mounted in the side hole.

Classic layout of components and parts

This arrangement is used in all domestic household appliances. A large and voluminous receiver is used as a base for assemblies and parts. It is also used to pair motor-compressors. Under it adapts an empty cylinder of liquefied gas for 50 liters. Such a cylinder is designed for 16 atm.

Stage I

The remaining propane is removed from the cylinder, for this the valve is unscrewed, the cylinder is placed “on the priest”, and above it is a water tank. Using a thin rubber hose with a metal tube at the tip, the balloon is filled with water. It displaces gas and all kinds of liquids contained in propane from it in order to be able to detect gas leaks. The support ring is removed from the balloon. First, it can be sawn crosswise, and then bend the edges until they break off along the weld. This procedure will make the product look more aesthetic.

Stage II

Before starting welding work, the cylinder must again be put “on the butt” and filled with water to the top. The vapors that are generated during welding will be cooled as they rise through the water. A supercharger should be placed on top of a cylindrical, horizontally located receiver. It consists of twin motor-compressors on a sub-frame made of a 30x30 mm corner, a relay, a starter and a terminal block are also placed there. A handle is welded on one of the edges, it can be bent from a water pipe with a diameter of 20 mm, this will help in moving the unit.

To do this, you can also bring the chassis, under the handle of one edge, install a drain in the form of an inverted letter "P", on the other edge - similar, but with a chassis. The first is made using a steel corner 30x30 mm, the second (additional) - from a corner with dimensions 40x40 mm. Crossbars, corner brackets designed for holes for wheel axles should be welded to it along the edges. On the inside of the brackets, it is necessary to weld M8 nuts; with their help, axles from identical M8 bolts are attached.

Stage III

A hole with a diameter of 6 mm is drilled on the side of the cylinder. An inlet fitting is welded to it in the form of a small piece of pipe with a diameter of 10 mm. One of the outlets of the tee is attached to it with a hose, the other two outlets are connected by similar high-pressure oxygen hoses to the outlet pipes of all motor-compressors. On connections, tees, hoses and fittings are tightened with clamps.

To remove water and oil from the cylinder during use, it is necessary to weld a short threaded fitting on the tip at the bottom of the cylinder. A hole is drilled in the wall along the inner diameter of the pipe, and the fitting itself is “silenced” using a screw-on plug. The brass valve on the cylinder needs to be improved, so a hole must be drilled at the base of the part and an M14 thread cut into it. A pipe should be screwed in there, and a pressure gauge should be attached to it with a special nut. The second branch pipe must be screwed into the outlet of the valve, after which the consumer hose must be connected to it.

A self-made compressor, in particular, its electrical part, in this case consists of a starter and starting windings taken from a washing machine, a shutdown relay and a wire connection terminal block. The latter can be taken from a fluorescent fluorescent lamp. All of the above is mounted on a board of five-millimeter textolite and mounted on the top of the cylinder. One end of the board must be leaned on the stick of the frame of motor-compressors, the second - on another support post welded to the surface of the cylinder.

Power is supplied from a household alternating current network (voltage 220V). The electrical circuit and separate starters, depending on the amount of compressed air consumed, allow both motor-compressors to be switched on simultaneously or one of the two. It will allow you to create a high-quality and durable unit with your own hands. Below, in the diagram, a compressor is shown with a valve from the design of the liquid cooling of the Moskvich car instead of a valve.

The car is a device for the mechanical compression of gases, which generates an air pressure at the outlet that is greater than atmospheric in value. By forcing air into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine, the compressor increases engine power by increasing the efficiency of fuel combustion. When the supercharger is running, the fuel mixture contains more air, which makes it easier to ignite and release more energy during combustion. In the course of research, it was found that the engine adds 46% of power and 30% of torque to the latter - this device is so important!

This device is used as a power supply for pneumatic tools

The air compressor is installed not only in cars with internal combustion engines - this equipment is used as a power supply for pneumatic tools, in industry and other industries. The main performance characteristics of an air compressor are operating pressure and capacity in liters of air per minute.

The following types of air compressors are distinguished:

Piston. Device with direct force transmission. During engine operation, the piston moves through the cylinder and compresses the air that enters the system. There are oil and oil-free piston blowers, the latter being widely used to power spray guns in the painting industry. Air two-piston compressors are used in industrial applications due to their high performance.
Rotary. The transmission of power from the engine occurs with the help of a belt. Propellers with rotating blades compress the air inside the device and create. Rotary equipment is characterized by high performance, good efficiency, low noise and vibration during operation. Air type oil is used sparingly and does not enter the compressed air. 380 V received special distribution in production.

The blower can operate independently or with the use of a receiver, which provides a smooth supply of compressed air to the system. An air compressor without a receiver is less expensive and smaller, but more prone to breakage.

Is it possible to do it yourself?

Not everyone can make an air compressor on an engine on their own, moreover, making modifications not provided for by the automobile manufacturer can unpredictably affect operation. However, it can be assembled for a garage or auto repair shop - using such a device, you can quickly fill tires with air, create excess pressure for a spray gun and other pneumatic tools, and also find other uses for the equipment.

A do-it-yourself compressor with a receiver will last a much longer period than purchased equipment, provided that it is properly assembled from high-quality parts. This is due to the fact that the master, who set out to make an air compressor with a receiver, makes it for himself, and for this reason he cares about quality. What parts are needed and how to assemble?

We collect the compressor with our own hands

The main element of a homemade air blower is the propulsion system. It is recommended to use for the refrigerator. It is notable for the presence of a starting relay, which makes it possible to set and maintain a certain level of air pressure in the receiver. If you don’t have an old and unnecessary refrigerator at hand, you can find the unit at an industrial waste dump or with friends. Preference should be given to a refrigerator made in the USSR, since powerful and reliable compressors were used for the production of Soviet refrigeration equipment.

The refrigeration supercharger has three tubes in the design, one of which is sealed at one end. The rest are air ducts - one lets air in, the other lets out. With further assembly of the unit, it is important to understand in which direction the air flows circulate. To determine, it is necessary to turn on the compressor for a short time in the network and observe in which direction the circulation occurs. It is recommended to mark the "input" and "output" with different colors so as not to be confused during assembly. An air check valve for the compressor will help prevent arbitrary change in air direction.

In addition to the heart of the old refrigerator, to assemble a car compressor you will need:

Air receiver (a good option is a fire extinguisher).
Pressure gauge.
Coarse fuel filter.
Moisture filter.
Air pressure control relay.
A set of adapters, clamps, hoses.
Toggle switch for voltage 220 Volts.

At various stages of assembly, you will need: a base for installing the finished unit, wheels (you can take it from old furniture), paint, engine oil and an anti-corrosion agent.

Receiver Assembly

The compressor receiver is a solid container that contains pressurized air. The role that the car air receiver performs is to eliminate pulsations during the air supply by the compressor, which is carried out by equalizing the pressure in the system. The secondary role of the receiver is the storage of inert gases or condensate.

The receiver capacity is absolutely hermetic, and the required volume depends on the cycling of air consumption by the consumer and the performance of the air compressor. The use of a receiver extends the life is often used in various fields, including painting work, industrial production and other industries.

An automobile air receiver can be manufactured in three ways:

Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. Well suited for long-term storage of gases under pressure up to 10 atmospheres, it has strong steel walls and is safe to use. A fire extinguisher with a volume of 5-10 liters is sufficient for the receiver. To turn the fire extinguisher into a compressor receiver, it is necessary to remove the shut-off and starting device and put the prepared hose adapter on the hole. The bottle must be emptied and washed thoroughly. Next, a water cross is installed and sealed. After that, you can use the manufactured receiver for work.
Hydraulic accumulator. A more specialized device with a sufficient range of capacities. The disadvantage is the low nominal pressure. Plus - a suitable thread at the exit. To use as a receiver, remove the internal carbon dioxide storage membrane, then connect the hose as in the fire extinguisher example.
Oxygen balloon. Exceptional strength and air pressure of tens of atmospheres, but small capacity, inconvenience of transportation and heaviness. To use, just connect the hose - the homemade receiver is ready to go!

A do-it-yourself air receiver can be made from any cylinder for storing compressed gases, but before using it, you need to make sure that the selected container can withstand the operating pressure of the future compressor.

Final assembly of the compressor unit

The compressor with the receiver should be installed on the same common base for ease of storage and transportation of home-made equipment. The compressor from the refrigerator, found earlier, must be cleaned of rust (if any). Next, the oil in the air compressor is replaced, since the old one has probably become unusable. It is not possible to pour oil into an air compressor - in the absence of a special compressor lubricant, you can use motor, synthetic or semi-synthetic.

Mount the compressor and receiver on the same base for easy storage and transport

The assembly of the compressor is carried out in five consecutive steps, as follows:

Install the supercharger from the refrigerator on the prepared base and secure with threaded studs. The receiver is installed in a vertical position and secured by means of folded plywood sheets in the amount of three pieces with a hole for the balloon. Wheels are attached to the bottom of the base for easy transportation.
Install the compressor and check valve for the air compressor in the air intake port. For convenience, you can use a rubber hose.
Install a water separator through a hose on the outlet pipe of the supercharger - it can be taken from a diesel engine. To prevent the hose from breaking under pressure, it is necessary to strengthen the connection with automobile clamps. A moisture separator must also be installed at the inlet of the gearbox - devices for decoupling pressure in the receiver and compressor. The outlet pressure pipe is connected to one end of the water cross.
Install a relay on the top of the cross for pressure adjustment, and a pressure gauge on the free end for control. All joints must be firmly reinforced with fum-tape and tightened with clamps to prevent breakdown.
Using a 220 volt toggle switch, connect the mains phase to the compressor output. Insulate the contacts with electrical tape or a dielectric casing.

After connecting the equipment to the network, it can be considered that the oil air compressor is assembled. You can connect the device to the network and check its operation.

What problems can await during assembly?

Auto air compressors are simple in terms of design and operation of the device, however, during self-assembly, you may encounter the following problems:

Oil supply to the wrong hole. Due to the presence of several tubes in the supercharger, you can get confused and fill in oil at the wrong hole. To prevent a problem, oil must be poured into any of the two inlet tubes - the outlet is excluded.
Small diameter receiver inlet. If using a standard cylinder thread is not possible, flux the element and attach a collet. The final design is able to withstand a pressure of 5-6 atmospheres.
Incorrect connection of the blower tubes. In order for the circulation in the system to occur without failures and in one direction, it is necessary to install a check valve on the compressor with your own hands. It will prevent possible problems and ensure stable operation of the supercharger.

Try to assemble the oil blower with your own hands in full accordance with the instructions, recommendations and safety rules. In this case, there will be no problems with the operation of the equipment.

Setting the desired pressure

An air motor compressor or a car supercharger must be properly prepared for the first use. To get started, you need to set the pressure mode using the relay. Adjustment is carried out by means of two springs - a large one sets the minimum pressure, a small one sets the maximum. The first contact of the relay is connected to zero, the second is attached to the supercharger.

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When using the equipment for the first time, follow the readings of the pressure gauge - the relay should turn on and turn off the supercharger when the lower and upper limits of the set pressure are reached, respectively. After the final adjustment, you can paint the homemade supercharger and continue to operate.

It is not necessary to buy a compressor for painting work or pumping wheels - you can make it yourself from used parts and assemblies taken from old equipment. We will tell you about the designs that are assembled from improvised materials.

In order to make a compressor from used parts and assemblies, you need to be well prepared: study the diagram, find it on the farm or buy some parts. Consider several possible options for self-designing an air compressor.

Air compressor from refrigerator and fire extinguisher parts

This unit runs almost silently. Consider the scheme of the future design and make a list of the necessary components and parts.

1 - tube for filling oil; 2 - starting relay; 3 - compressor; 4 - copper tubes; 5 - hoses; 6 - diesel filter; 7 - gasoline filter; 8 - air inlet; 9 - pressure switch; 10 - cross; 11 - safety valve; 12 - tee; 13 - receiver from a fire extinguisher; 14 - pressure reducer with pressure gauge; 15 - moisture-oil trap; 16 - pneumosocket

Necessary parts, materials and tools

The main elements are taken: a motor-compressor from a refrigerator (preferably made in the USSR) and a fire extinguisher cylinder, which will be used as a receiver. If they are not available, then you can look for a compressor from a non-working refrigerator in repair shops or at metal collection points. A fire extinguisher can be purchased on the secondary market or you can bring friends to the search, at work who may have decommissioned OHP, ORP, DU for 10 liters. The fire extinguisher must be safely emptied.

In addition, you will need:

pressure gauge (as for a pump, water heater);
diesel filter;
filter for gasoline engine;
pressure switch;
electric toggle switch;
pressure regulator (reducer) with pressure gauge;
reinforced hose;
water outlets, tees, adapters, fittings + clamps, hardware;
materials for creating a frame - metal or wood + furniture wheels;
safety valve (to relieve excess pressure);
self-locking air inlet (for connecting, for example, to an airbrush).

Another viable receiver came from an automobile tubeless wheel. Extremely budget, although not very productive model.

Wheel receiver

About this experience, we suggest you watch a video from the author of the design.