SNIP 3.03 01 87 Table 14. Bearing and enclosing structures

(approved by the decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of December 4, 1987 N 280) (as amended on May 22, 2003) Instead of SNiP III-15-76; CH 383-67; SNiP III-16-80; CH 420-71; SNiP III-18-75; SNiP III-17-78; SNiP III-19-76; SN 393-78

Document text

Construction norms and rules SNiP 3.03.01-87
"Bearing and enclosing structures"
(approved by the decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of December 4, 1987 N 280)
(as amended on May 22, 2003)

Instead of SNiP III-15-76; CH 383-67; SNiP III-16-80; CH 420-71;

SNiP III-18-75; SNiP III-17-78; SNiP III-19-76; SN 393-78

installation of building structures

corrosion protection of welded joints

monolithing of assembly joints and assemblies

making bolted field connections with

controlled tension

curing concrete during winter concreting

monolithic structures

diamond tools for processing concrete and

monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures

tank (water tower tank)

solutions and their compositions

additives to solutions, conditions of their use and expected

mortar strength

Concrete mix

2.3. Dosing of the components of concrete mixtures should be carried out by weight. Dosing by volume of water of additives introduced into the concrete mixture in the form of aqueous solutions is allowed. The ratio of components is determined for each batch of cement and aggregates, when preparing concrete of the required strength and mobility. The dosage of the components should be adjusted during the preparation of the concrete mixture, taking into account the data from the control of indicators of the properties of cement, moisture, granulometry of aggregates and control of strength.

2.4. The order of loading the components, the duration of mixing the concrete mixture should be established for specific materials and conditions of the used concrete mixing equipment by assessing the mobility, homogeneity and strength of concrete in a specific batch. When introducing pieces of fibrous materials (fibers), such a method of introducing them should be provided so that they do not form lumps and irregularities.

When preparing a concrete mixture using separate technology, the following procedure must be observed:

water, part of sand, finely ground mineral filler (if used) and cement are dosed into a working high-speed mixer, where everything is mixed;

the resulting mixture is fed into a concrete mixer, pre-loaded with the remainder of the aggregates and water, and everything is mixed again.

2.5. Transportation and supply of concrete mixes should be carried out by specialized means that ensure the preservation of the specified properties of the concrete mix. It is forbidden to add water at the place of placing the concrete mixture to increase its mobility.

2.6. The composition of the concrete mixture, preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply with GOST 7473-85.

Instead of GOST 7473-85, the resolution of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated June 26, 1995 introduced GOST 7473-94

2.7. Requirements for the composition, preparation and transportation of concrete mixes are given in Table 1.

Table 1

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BUILDING REGULATIONS

BEARING
AND GUARDING STRUCTURES

SNiP 3.03.01-87

STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR
MOSCOW 1989

DEVELOPED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences V. D. Topchiy; Candidates of Technical Sciences Sh.L. Machabeli, R. A. Kagramanov, B. V. Zhadanovsky, Yu. B. Chirkov, V. V. Shishkin , N. I. Evdokimov, V. P. Kolodiy, L. N. Karnaukhova, I. I. Sharov; Doctor of Technical Sciences K. I. Bashlay; A. G. Prozorovsky); NIIZhB Gosstroy of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences B. A. Krylov; Candidates of Technical Sciences O.S. Ivanova, E. N. Malinsky, R. K. Zhitkevich, B. P. Goryachev, A. V. Lagoida, N.K. Rosenthal, N.F.Shesterkina, A.M. Fridman; Doctor of Technical Sciences V.V. Zhukov); VNIPIPromstalkonstruktsiya of the USSR Ministry of Montazhspetsstroy (B. Ya. Moyzhes, B. B. Rubanovich), TsNIISK named after Kucherenko of the USSR State Construction Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences L. M. Kovalchuk; Candidates of Technical Sciences V. A. Kameiko, I. P. Preobrazhenskaya; L. M. Lomova); TsNIIProektstalkonstruktsii Gosstroy of the USSR (B.N.Malinin; Candidate of Engineering Sciences V.G. Kravchenko); VNIIMontazhspetsstroy of the USSR Minmontazhspetsstroy (G.A.Ritchik); TsNIIEP dwellings of the State Committee for Architecture and Construction (S. B. Vilensky) with the participation of Donetsk Promstroyniiproekt, Krasnoyarsk Promstroyniiproject of the USSR Gosstroy; Gorky Civil Engineering Institute named after Chkalov of the USSR State Committee for Public Education; VNIIG them. Vedeneev and Orgenergostroy of the USSR Ministry of Energy; TsNIIS of the USSR Ministry of Transport; Institute Aeroproject of the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation; NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee.
INTRODUCED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (A. I. Golyshev, V. V. Bakonin, D. I. Prokofiev).
With the entry into force of SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Supporting and enclosing structures", the following are no longer valid:
chapter SNiP III-15-76 "Monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures";
SN 383-67 "Instructions for the production and acceptance of work during the construction of reinforced concrete tanks for oil and oil products";
chapter SNiP III-16-80, "Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures";
SN 420-71 "Instructions for sealing joints during the installation of building structures";
chapter of SNiP III-18-75 "Metal structures" regarding the installation of structures ";
clause 11 "Amendments and additions to the head of SNiP III-18-75" Metal structures ", approved by the decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of April 19, 1978 No. 60;
chapter SNiP III-17-78 "Stone structures";
chapter SNiP III-19-76 "Wooden structures";
SN 393-78 "Instructions for welding joints of reinforcement and embedded parts of reinforced concrete structures."
When using the normative document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Equipment, the Collection of Changes to Building Codes and Rules of the USSR Gosstroy and the information index "USSR State Standards" of the USSR State Standard.
State Construction Committee of the USSR (Gosstroy USSR) Construction norms and rules SNiP 3.03.01-87
Supporting and enclosing structures Replaces
SNiP III-15-76;
CH 383-67;
SNiP III-16-80;
CH 420-71;
SNiP III-18-75;
SNiP III-17-78;
SNiP III-19-76;
SN 393-78
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. These norms and rules apply to the production and acceptance of work performed during the construction and reconstruction of enterprises, buildings and structures, in all sectors of the national economy:
when erecting monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures from heavy, extra heavy, on porous aggregates, heat-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete, in the production of gunning and underwater concreting;
in the manufacture of precast concrete and reinforced concrete structures in a construction site;
when assembling prefabricated reinforced concrete, steel, wooden structures and structures made of lightweight effective materials;
when welding erection joints of building steel and reinforced concrete structures, joints of reinforcement and embedded products of monolithic reinforced concrete structures;
in the production of works on the construction of stone and reinforced stone structures from ceramic and silicate bricks, ceramic, silicate, natural and concrete stones, brick and ceramic panels and blocks, concrete blocks.
The requirements of these rules should be taken into account when designing the structures of buildings and structures.
Introduced by TsNIIOMTP
Gosstroy of the USSR Approved
by decree
State Construction Committee of the USSR
dated December 4, 1987 No. 280 Term
introduction
into action
July 1, 1988
1.2. The work specified in clause 1.1 must be performed in accordance with the project, as well as comply with the requirements of the relevant standards, building codes and regulations for the organization of construction production and safety in construction, fire safety rules during construction and installation work, as well as the requirements of state supervision authorities ...
1.3. When erecting special structures - highways, bridges, pipes, tunnels, subways, airfields, hydrotechnical reclamation and other structures, as well as when erecting buildings and structures on permafrost and subsiding soils, undermined territories and in seismic regions, it is necessary to additionally be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory and technical documents.
1.4. Work on the construction of buildings and structures should be carried out according to the approved project for the production of works (PPR), which, along with the general requirements of SNiP 3.01.01-85, should provide for: the sequence of installation of structures; measures to ensure the required accuracy of the installation; spatial immutability of structures during their pre-assembly and installation in the design position; stability of structures and parts of a building (structure) during construction; the degree of enlargement of structures and safe working conditions.
The combined installation of structures and equipment should be carried out according to the PPR containing the procedure for combining work, interconnected schemes of erection tiers and zones, schedules of lifting structures and equipment.
If necessary, as part of the PPR, additional technical requirements should be developed aimed at increasing the construction manufacturability of the structures being erected, which should be agreed in the prescribed manner with the organization - the project developer and included in the executive working drawings.
1.5. Data on the performance of construction and installation works should be entered on a daily basis in the logs of work on the installation of building structures (mandatory annex 1), welding (mandatory annex 2), corrosion protection of welded joints (mandatory annex 3), embedding of assembly joints and assemblies (mandatory annex 4 ), making mounting connections on bolts with controlled tension (mandatory Appendix 5), as well as fixing their position on geodetic executive schemes during the installation of structures.
1.6. Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, timber and stone structures must meet the requirements of the relevant standards, specifications and working drawings.
1.7. Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products), and for non-standardized structures (products), comply with the requirements:
structures should, as a rule, be in a position corresponding to the design one (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met, in a position convenient for transportation and transfer to installation (columns, staircases etc.) subject to ensuring their strength;
structures should be based on inventory lining and rectangular gaskets located in the places indicated in the project; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and at least 20 mm higher than the height of the slinging loops and other protruding parts of structures; for multi-tiered loading and storage of similar structures, linings and gaskets should be located on the same vertical along the line of lifting devices (loops, holes) or in other places indicated in the working drawings;
structures must be reliably fixed to protect against overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, mutual impacts against each other or against the structure of vehicles; fastenings must ensure the ability to unload each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the rest;
textured surfaces must be protected from damage and contamination;
outlets of fittings and protruding parts must be protected from damage; factory markings must be accessible for inspection;
small parts for mounting connections should be attached to the shipping elements or sent simultaneously with structures in a container equipped with tags indicating the brands of parts and their number; these parts should be stored under a canopy;
fasteners should be stored indoors, sorted by type and brand, bolts and nuts - by strength classes and diameters, and high-strength bolts, nuts and washers - and by lot.
1.8. During storage, structures should be sorted by brand and laid, taking into account the order of installation.
1.9. It is forbidden to move any structures by dragging.
1.10. To ensure the safety of wooden structures during transportation and storage, inventory devices (lodgements, clamps, containers, soft slings) should be used with the installation of soft pads and linings in the places of support and contact of structures with metal parts, as well as protect them from the effects of solar radiation, alternating moisture and drying.
1.11. Prefabricated structures should be installed, as a rule, from vehicles or enlargement stands.
1.12. Before lifting each mounting element, check:
compliance with its design brand;
the condition of the embedded products and installation marks, the absence of dirt, snow, ice, damage to the finish, primer and paint;
availability at the workplace of the necessary fittings and auxiliary materials;
correctness and reliability of fastening load-handling devices;
and also to equip, in accordance with the PPR, means of paving, ladders and fences.
1.13. The slinging of the mounted elements should be carried out in the places indicated in the working drawings, and ensure their lifting and supply to the installation site in a position close to the design one. If it is necessary to change the slinging points, they must be agreed with the organization - the developer of the working drawings.
It is forbidden to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as for reinforcement outlets.
Slinging schemes for enlarged flat and spatial blocks should ensure their strength, stability and invariability of geometric dimensions and shapes during lifting.
1.14. The elements to be mounted should be lifted smoothly, without jerking, swinging and rotating, as a rule, using guy wires. When lifting vertically located structures, one guy is used, horizontal elements and blocks - at least two.
The structures should be lifted in two steps: first, to a height of 20-30 cm, then, after checking the reliability of the slinging, further lifting.
1.15. When installing the mounting elements, the following must be provided:
stability and invariability of their position at all stages of installation;
work safety;
the accuracy of their position with the help of constant geodetic control;
strength of field connections.
1.16. The structures should be installed in the design position according to the accepted guidelines (risks, pins, stops, edges, etc.).
Structures with special embedded or other fixing devices should be installed according to these devices.
1.17. The installed mounting elements must be securely fastened before unbinding.
1.18. Until the end of the alignment and reliable (temporary or design) fastening of the installed element, it is not allowed to support the overlying structures on it, if such support is not provided for by the PPR.
1.19. In the absence of special requirements in the working drawings, the maximum deviations of the alignment of landmarks (edges or notches) when installing prefabricated elements, as well as deviations from the design position of structures completed by installation (erection), should not exceed the values given in the relevant sections of these rules and regulations.
Deviations for the installation of mounting elements, the position of which may change in the process of their constant fastening and loading with subsequent structures, should be assigned in the PPR so that they do not exceed the limit values after the completion of all installation work. In the absence of special instructions in the PPR, the deviation of the elements during installation should not exceed 0.4 of the maximum deviation for acceptance.
1.20. The use of installed structures for attaching cargo chain hoists, branch blocks and other lifting devices to them is allowed only in cases provided for by the PPR and agreed, if necessary, with the organization that completed the working drawings of the structures.
1.21. The installation of structures of buildings (structures) should be started, as a rule, from a spatially stable part: a bonding cell, a stiffening core, etc.
Erection of structures of buildings and structures of great length or height should be carried out in spatially stable sections (spans, tiers, floors, temperature blocks, etc.)
1.22. Production quality control of construction and installation works should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
During acceptance control, the following documentation must be submitted:
as-built drawings with deviations made (if any) admitted by the enterprise - the manufacturer of the structures, as well as by the installation organization, agreed with the design organizations - the developers of the drawings, and documents on their approval;
factory technical passports for steel, reinforced concrete and wooden structures;
documents (certificates, passports) certifying the quality of materials used in the production of construction and installation works;
certificates of inspection of hidden works;
acts of intermediate acceptance of critical structures;
executive geodetic diagrams of the position of structures;
work logs;
documents on quality control of welded joints;
structural test reports (if tests are provided for by additional rules of these rules and regulations or working drawings);
other documents specified in additional rules or working drawings.
1.23. It is allowed in projects, with appropriate justification, to assign requirements for the accuracy of parameters, volumes and control methods that differ from those provided for by these rules. In this case, the accuracy of the geometric parameters of structures should be assigned based on the calculation of accuracy in accordance with GOST 21780-83.
2. CONCRETE WORKS
CONCRETE MATERIALS
2.1. The choice of cements for the preparation of concrete mixtures should be made in accordance with these rules (recommended Appendix 6) and GOST 23464-79. Acceptance of cements should be carried out in accordance with GOST 22236-85, transportation and storage of cements - in accordance with GOST 22237-85 and SNiP 3.09.01-85.
2.2. Aggregates for concrete are used fractionated and washed. It is forbidden to use a natural mixture of sand and gravel without sieving into fractions (mandatory Appendix 7). When choosing aggregates for concrete, predominantly materials from local raw materials should be used. To obtain the required technological properties of concrete mixtures and the performance properties of concrete, chemical additives or their complexes should be used in accordance with the mandatory Appendix 7 and the Recommended Appendix 8.
CONCRETE MIXES
2.3. Dosing of the components of concrete mixtures should be carried out by weight. Dosing by volume of water of additives introduced into the concrete mixture in the form of aqueous solutions is allowed. The ratio of components is determined for each batch of cement and aggregates, when preparing concrete of the required strength and mobility. The dosage of the components should be adjusted during the preparation of the concrete mixture, taking into account the data from the control of indicators of the properties of cement, moisture, granulometry of aggregates and control of strength.
2.4. The order of loading the components, the duration of mixing the concrete mixture should be established for specific materials and conditions of the used concrete mixing equipment by assessing the mobility, homogeneity and strength of concrete in a specific batch. When introducing pieces of fibrous materials (fibers), such a method of introducing them should be provided so that they do not form lumps and irregularities.
When preparing a concrete mixture using separate technology, the following procedure must be observed:
water, part of sand, finely ground mineral filler (if used) and cement are dosed into a working high-speed mixer, where everything is mixed;
the resulting mixture is fed into a concrete mixer, pre-loaded with the remainder of the aggregates and water, and everything is mixed again.
2.5. Transportation and supply of concrete mixes should be carried out by specialized means that ensure the preservation of the specified properties of the concrete mix. It is forbidden to add water at the place of placing the concrete mixture to increase its mobility.
2.6. The composition of the concrete mixture, preparation, acceptance rules, control methods and transportation must comply with GOST 7473-85.
2.7. Requirements for the composition, preparation and transportation of concrete mixtures are given in table. 1.
Table 1

1. The number of fractions of coarse aggregate with grain size, mm: Measuring according to GOST 10260-82, work log
up to 40 At least two
St. 40 At least three
2. The largest size of aggregates for:
reinforced concrete structures Not more than 2/3 of the smallest distance between reinforcement bars The same
slabs Not more than 1/2 slab thickness
thin-walled structures Not more than 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the product thickness
when pumping with a concrete pump: Not more than 0.33 of the internal diameter of the pipeline
including the largest grains of flaky and acicular forms Not more than 15% by weight
when pumping through concrete pipes, the content of sand with a particle size of less than, mm: Measuring in accordance with GOST 8736-85, work log
0,14 5 - 7 %
0,3 15 - 20 %
INSTALLATION OF CONCRETE MIXTURES
2.8. Before concreting, rock foundations, horizontal and inclined concrete surfaces of working joints must be cleaned of debris, dirt, oils, snow and ice, cement film, etc. Immediately before placing the concrete mixture, the cleaned surfaces must be rinsed with water and dried with an air stream.
2.9. All structures and their elements that are closed during the subsequent production of work (prepared foundations of structures, fittings, embedded products, etc.), as well as the correct installation and fastening of the formwork and its supporting elements must be adopted in accordance with SNiP 3.01.01-85.
2.10. Concrete mixtures should be placed in the concreted structures in horizontal layers of the same thickness without breaks, with a consistent direction of placement in one direction in all layers.
2.11. When compacting the concrete mixture, it is not allowed to rest the vibrators on reinforcement and embedded products, ties and other formwork fastening elements. The depth of immersion of the deep vibrator in the concrete mixture should ensure its deepening into the previously laid layer by 5 - 10 cm. The step of rearrangement of the deep vibrators should not exceed one and a half radius of their action, surface vibrators should ensure that the vibrator platform overlaps the boundary of the already vibrated area by 100 mm.
2.12. Laying of the next layer of concrete mixture is allowed before the beginning of the setting of the concrete of the previous layer. The duration of the break between the laying of adjacent layers of concrete mixture without the formation of a working seam is established by the construction laboratory. The upper level of the laid concrete mix must be 50 - 70 mm below the top of the formwork panels.
2.13. The surface of the working joints, which are made during the laying of the concrete mixture at intervals, must be perpendicular to the axis of the columns and beams to be concreted, the surface of the slabs and walls. The resumption of concreting is allowed to be carried out when the concrete reaches a strength of at least 1.5 MPa. By agreement with the design organization, it is allowed to arrange working seams during concreting:
columns - at the level of the top of the foundation, the bottom of the girders, beams and crane consoles, the top of the crane beams, the bottom of the column capitals;
beams of large sizes, monolithically connected to the slabs - 20 - 30 mm below the mark of the lower surface of the slab, and if there are haunches in the slab - at the mark of the bottom of the slab;
flat slabs - anywhere parallel to the smaller side of the slab;
ribbed slabs - in a direction parallel to the secondary beams;
individual beams - within the middle third of the span of beams, in a direction parallel to the main beams (girders) within two middle quarters of the span of girders and slabs;
massifs, arches, vaults, reservoirs, bunkers, hydraulic structures, bridges and other complex engineering structures and structures - in the places indicated in the projects.
2.14. Requirements for laying and compaction of concrete mixes are given in table. 2.
table 2
Parameter Parameter value Control (method, volume, type of registration)
1. Strength of surfaces of concrete bases when cleaning from a cement film: Not less, MPa: Measuring in accordance with GOST 10180-78, GOST 18105-86, GOST 22690.0-77, work log
water and air jet 0.3
mechanical wire brush 1.5
hydrosandblasting or mechanical cutter 5.0
2. Height of free dumping of concrete mixture into the formwork of structures: Not more, m: Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log
columns 5.0
slabs 1.0
walls 4.5
unreinforced structures 6.0
weakly reinforced underground structures in dry and cohesive soils 4.5
densely reinforced 3.0
3. Thickness of the laid layers of concrete mix: Measuring, 2 times per shift, work log
when compacting the mixture with heavy suspended vertically arranged vibrators 5-10 cm less than the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with suspended vibrators located at an angle to the vertical (up to 30 °) Not more than the vertical projection of the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with manual deep vibrators Not more than 1.25 of the length of the working part of the vibrator
when compacting the mixture with surface vibrators in structures: Not more, cm:
unreinforced 40
with single reinforcement 25
with double reinforcement 12

INTRODUCED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.

PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (A. I. Golyshev, V. V. Bakonin, D. I. Prokofiev).

With the entry into force of SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Supporting and enclosing structures", the following are no longer valid:

chapter SNiP III-15-76 "Monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures";

SN 383-67 "Instructions for the production and acceptance of work during the construction of reinforced concrete tanks for oil and oil products";

chapter SNiP III-16-80, "Prefabricated concrete and reinforced concrete structures";

SN 420-71 "Instructions for sealing joints during the installation of building structures";

chapter of SNiP III-18-75 "Metal structures" regarding the installation of structures ";

clause 11 "Amendments and additions to the head of SNiP III-18-75" Metal structures ", approved by the decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of April 19, 1978 No. 60;

chapter SNiP III-17-78 "Stone structures";

chapter SNiP III-19-76 "Wooden structures";

SN 393-78 "Instructions for welding joints of reinforcement and embedded parts of reinforced concrete structures."

When using the normative document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the Bulletin of Construction Equipment, the Collection of Changes to Building Codes and Rules of the USSR Gosstroy and the information index "USSR State Standards" of the USSR State Standard.

Approved
By order of the Federal
construction agencies
and housing and communal
farm (Gosstroy)
dated December 25, 2012 N 109 / GS

SET OF RULES

UPDATED EDITORIAL OF SNiP 3.03.01-87

LOADING AND GUARDING STRUCTURES

Load-bearing and separating constructions

SP 70.13330.2012

OKS 91.080.10
91.080.20
91.080.30
91.080.40

Foreword

The goals and principles of standardization in the Russian Federation are established by the Federal Law of December 27, 2002 N 184-FZ "On technical regulation", and the development rules - by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 19, 2008 N 858 "On the procedure for the development and approval of sets of rules ".

About the set of rules

1. Executors - ZAO TsNIIPSK named after Melnikov; institutes of JSC "Research Center" Construction ": NIIZhB named after AA Gvozdev and TsNIISK named after VA Kucherenko; Association of Manufacturers of Ceramic Wall Materials; Association of Manufacturers of Silicate Products, Siberian Federal University.
2. Introduced by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 465 "Construction".
3. Prepared for approval by the Urban Development Policy Department.
4. Approved by the Order of the Federal Agency for Construction and Housing and Communal Services (Gosstroy) dated December 25, 2012 N 109 / GS and entered into force on July 1, 2013.
5. Registered by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart). Revision of SP 70.13330.2011 "SNiP 3.03.01-87 Bearing and enclosing structures".

Information on changes to this updated set of rules is published in the annually published information index "National Standards", and the text of changes and amendments - in the monthly published information indexes "National Standards". In case of revision (replacement) or cancellation of this set of rules, the corresponding notification will be published in the monthly published information index "National Standards". The relevant information, notice and texts are also posted in the public information system - on the official website of the developer (Gosstroy) on the Internet.

Introduction

This set of rules was developed in order to improve the quality of construction and installation work, the durability and reliability of buildings and structures, as well as the level of safety of people at the construction site, the safety of material assets in accordance with the Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ "Technical regulation on the safety of buildings and structures ", increasing the level of harmonization of regulatory requirements with European and international regulatory documents; application of uniform performance determination and assessment methods.
Updating SNiP 3.03.01-87 was carried out by the following team of authors: ZAO TsNIIPSK named after Melnikov, consisting of specialists: candidates tech. Sciences N.I. Presnyakov, V.V. Evdokimov, V.F. Belyaev; Dr. tech. Sciences B.V. Ostroumov, V.K. Vostrov; engineers S.I. Bochkova, V.M. Babushkin, G.V. Kalashnikov; Siberian Federal University - Associate Professor, Cand. tech. Sci. V.L. Igoshin; institutes of JSC "Research Center" Construction ": NIIZhB named after A.A.Gvozdev - Doctor of Technical Sciences B.A.Krylov, V.F. , M. I. Brusser, A. N. Bolgov, V. I. Savin, T. A. Kuzmich, M. G. Korevitskaya, L. A. Titova; I. I. Karpukhin, G. V. Lyubarskaya, D. V. Kuzevanov, N.K. Vernigor and TsNIISK named after V.A.Kucherenko - Doctor of Technical Sciences I.I. Vedyakov, S.A. Madatyan; Candidates of Technical Sciences O.I. Ponomarev, S. B. Turkovsky, A.A. Pogoreltsev, I.P. Preobrazhenskaya, A.V. Prostyakov, G.G. Gurova, M.I. Gukova; A.V. Potapov, A.M. Gorbunov, E.G. Fokina; Association of Manufacturers of Ceramic Walling Materials - V.N. Gerashchenko; Association of Manufacturers of Silicate Products - N.V. Somov.

1 area of use

1.1. This set of rules applies to the production and acceptance of work performed during the construction and reconstruction of enterprises, buildings and structures in all sectors of the national economy:
when erecting monolithic concrete and reinforced concrete structures from heavy, extra heavy, on porous aggregates, heat-resistant and alkali-resistant concrete, in the production of gunning and underwater concreting;
in the manufacture of precast concrete and reinforced concrete structures in a construction site;
when assembling prefabricated reinforced concrete, steel, wooden structures and structures made of lightweight effective materials;
when welding erection joints of building steel and reinforced concrete structures, joints of reinforcement and embedded products of monolithic reinforced concrete structures;
in the production of works on the construction of stone and reinforced stone structures from ceramic and silicate bricks, ceramic, silicate, natural and concrete stones, brick and ceramic panels and blocks, concrete blocks.
The requirements of this set of rules should be taken into account when designing the structures of buildings and structures.
1.2. When erecting special structures - roads, bridges, pipes, steel tanks and gas holders, tunnels, subways, airfields, hydrotechnical reclamation and other structures, as well as when erecting buildings and structures on permafrost and subsiding soils, undermined territories and in seismic regions, additional be guided by the requirements of the relevant regulatory documents.

2.1. In this set of rules, references to the following normative documents are used:
GOST 379-95 Silicate bricks and stones. Technical conditions
GOST 450-77 Technical calcium chloride. Technical conditions
GOST 530-07 Ceramic bricks and stones. General specifications
GOST 828-77 Technical sodium nitrate. Technical conditions
GOST 965-89 White Portland cements. Technical conditions
GOST 969-91 Alumina and high-alumina cements. Technical conditions
GOST 1581-96 Oil well portland cements. Technical conditions
GOST 2081-2010 Urea. Technical conditions
GOST 2246-70 Steel welding wire. Technical conditions
GOST 3242-79 Welded joints. Quality control methods
GOST 5264-80 Manual arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 5578-94 Crushed stone and sand from slags of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy for concrete. Technical conditions
GOST 5686-94 Soils. Field test methods by piles
GOST 5802-86 Building solutions. Test methods
GOST 6402-70 Spring washers. Technical conditions
GOST 6996-66 Welded joints. Methods for determining mechanical properties
GOST 7076-99 Building materials and products. Method for determination of thermal conductivity and thermal resistance under stationary thermal conditions
GOST 7473-2010 Concrete mixtures. Technical conditions
GOST 7512-82 Non-destructive testing. Welded connections. Radiographic method
GOST 7566-94 Metal products. Acceptance, labeling, packaging, transportation and storage
GOST 8267-93 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction work. Technical conditions
GOST 8269.0-97 Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks and industrial waste for construction work. Physical and mechanical test methods
GOST 8713-79 Submerged-arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 8735-88 Sand for construction work. Test methods
GOST 8736-93 Sand for construction work. Technical conditions
GOST 9087-81 Fused welding fluxes. Technical conditions
GOST 9206-80 Diamond Powders. Technical conditions
GOST 9467-75 Coated metal electrodes for manual arc welding of structural and heat-resistant steels. Types
GOST 9757-90 Artificial porous gravel, crushed stone and sand. Technical conditions
GOST 9758-2012 Porous inorganic aggregates for construction work. Test methods
GOST 10060-2012 Concrete. Methods for determining frost resistance
GOST 10178-85 Portland cement and slag Portland cement. Technical conditions
GOST 10180-90 Concrete. Methods for determining the strength of control samples
GOST 10181-2000 Concrete mixtures. Test methods
GOST 10243-75 Steel. Test methods and evaluation of macrostructure
GOST 10541-78 Universal motor oils for automobile carburetor engines. Technical conditions
GOST 10690-73 Technical potassium carbonate (potash). Technical conditions
GOST 10832-2009 Expanded perlite sand and crushed stone. Technical conditions
GOST 10906-78 Oblique washers. Technical conditions
GOST 10922-90 Reinforcement and embedded products, their welded, knitted and mechanical joints for reinforced concrete structures. General specifications
GOST 11052-74 Expanding gypsum-alumina cement
GOST 11371-78 Washers. Technical conditions
GOST 11533-75 Automatic and semi-automatic submerged arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 11534-75 Manual arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 12730.5-84 Concrete. Methods for determining water resistance
GOST 12865-67 Expanded vermiculite
GOST 13015-2003 Concrete and reinforced concrete products for construction. General technical requirements. Rules for acceptance, labeling, transportation and storage
GOST 13087-81 Concrete. Methods for determining abrasion
GOST 14098-91 Welded joints of reinforcement and embedded products of reinforced concrete structures. Types, designs and sizes
GOST 14771-76 Gas shielded arc welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 14782-86 Non-destructive testing. Welded connections. Ultrasonic methods
GOST 15150-69 Machines, devices and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating conditions, storage and transportation in terms of the impact of climatic environmental factors
GOST 15164-78 Electroslag welding. Welded connections. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 15825-80 Color Portland cement. Technical conditions
GOST 16037-80 Welded joints of steel pipelines. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST ISO / IEC 17025-2009 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
GOST 17624-87 Concrete. Ultrasonic method for determining strength
GOST 18105-2010 Concrete. Rules for the control and assessment of strength
GOST 18442-80 Non-destructive testing. Capillary methods. General requirements
GOST 19906-74 Technical sodium nitrite. Technical conditions
GOST 20276-99 Soils. Methods for field determination of strength and deformability characteristics
GOST 20799-88 Industrial oils. Technical conditions
GOST 20850-84 Glued wooden structures. General specifications
GOST 20910-90 Heat-resistant concretes. Technical conditions
GOST 21104-75 Non-destructive testing. Fluxgate method
GOST 21105-87 Non-destructive testing. Magnetic particle method
GOST 21779-82 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Technological tolerances
GOST 21780-2006 System for ensuring the accuracy of geometric parameters in construction. Calculation of accuracy
GOST 22263-76 Crushed stone and sand from porous rocks. Technical conditions
GOST 22266-94 Sulfate-resistant cements. Technical conditions
GOST 22690-88 Concrete. Determination of strength by mechanical methods of non-destructive testing
GOST 22845-85 Electric passenger and cargo lifts. Rules for the organization, production and acceptance of installation work
GOST 23118-99 Steel building structures. General specifications
GOST 23407-78 Inventory fences of construction sites and areas of construction and installation work. Technical conditions
GOST 23518-79 Gas-shielded arc welding. Welded joints at sharp and obtuse angles. Basic types, structural elements and dimensions
GOST 23683-89 Solid petroleum paraffins. Technical conditions
GOST 23732-2011 Water for concrete and mortar. Technical conditions
GOST 23858-79 Butt welded joints and T-shaped reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures. Ultrasonic quality control methods. Acceptance rules
GOST 24045-2010 Steel sheet bent profiles with trapezoidal corrugations for construction. Technical conditions
GOST 24211-2008 Additives for concrete and mortars. General specifications
GOST 24379.0-80 Foundation bolts. General specifications
GOST 24846-81 Soils. Methods for measuring deformations of the foundations of buildings and structures
GOST 25192-82 Concrete. Classification and general technical requirements
GOST 25225-82 Non-destructive testing. Seams of welded joints of pipelines. Magnetographic method
GOST 25246-82 Chemically resistant concretes. Technical conditions
GOST 25328-82 Cement for mortars. Technical conditions
GOST 25485-89 Cellular concretes. Technical conditions
GOST 25592-91 Ash and slag mixtures of thermal power plants for concrete. Technical conditions
GOST 25818-91 Fly ash from thermal power plants for concrete. Technical conditions
GOST 25820-2000 Light concretes. Technical conditions
GOST 26271-84 Flux-cored wire for arc welding of carbon and low-alloy steels. General specifications
GOST 26633-91 Heavy and fine-grained concrete. Technical conditions
GOST 26644-85 Crushed stone and sand from slag of thermal power plants for concrete. Technical conditions
GOST 26887-86 Platforms and ladders for construction and installation works. General specifications
GOST 27005-86 Lightweight and cellular concrete. Average density control rules
GOST 27006-86 Concrete. Squad selection rules
GOST 28013-98 Building solutions. General specifications
GOST 28570-90 Concrete. Methods for determining strength by samples taken from structures
GOST 30515-97 Cements. General specifications
GOST 30971-2002 Seams of assembly units for joining window blocks to wall openings. General specifications
GOST 31108-2003 General construction cements. Technical conditions
GOST 31384-2008 Protection of concrete and reinforced concrete structures against corrosion. General technical requirements
GOST 12.1.046-85 SSBT. Construction. Construction site lighting standards
GOST R 12.4.026-2001 SSBT. Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings. Purpose and application rules. General technical requirements and characteristics. Test methods
GOST R 51254-99 Assembly tool for standardized tightening of threaded connections. Momentary keys. General specifications
GOST R 51263-99 Polystyrene concrete. Technical conditions
GOST R 51634-2000 Automotive motor oils. General technical requirements
GOST R 52085-2003 Formwork. General specifications
GOST R 52752-2007 Formwork. Test methods
SP 15.13330.2012 "SNiP II-22-81 * Stone and reinforced masonry structures"
SP 16.13330.2011 "SNiP II-23-81 * Steel structures"
SP 20.13330.2011 "SNiP 2.01.07-85 * Loads and impacts"
SP 25.13330.2012 SNiP 2.02.04-88 Bases and foundations on permafrost
SP 28.13330.2012 "SNiP 2.03.11-85 Protection of building structures from corrosion"
SP 45.13330.2012 "SNiP 3.02.01-87 Earthworks, foundations and foundations"
SP 46.13330.2012 SNiP 3.06.04-91 Bridges and pipes
SP 48.13330.2011 "SNiP 12-01-2004 Organization of construction"
SP 50.13330.2012 "SNiP 23-02-2003 Thermal protection of buildings"
SP 130.13330.2011 SNiP 3.09.01-85 Production of prefabricated reinforced concrete structures and products.
Note. When using this set of rules, it is advisable to check the validity of reference standards in the public information system - on the official website of the national bodies of the Russian Federation for standardization on the Internet or according to the annually published information index "National Standards", which is published as of January 1 of the current year, and according to the relevant monthly information signs published in the current year. If the referenced document is replaced (changed), then when using this set of rules, one should be guided by the replaced (changed) document. If the referenced document is canceled without replacement, then the provision in which the link to it is given applies to the extent that does not affect this link.

3. General requirements

3.1. The organization and production of work on the construction of buildings and structures, the arrangement of the construction site and workplaces must meet the requirements of and.
3.2. The organization and performance of work at the construction site must be carried out in compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the requirements.
3.3. The work should be carried out in accordance with the work production project (PPR), which, along with the general requirements, should provide for: the sequence of installation of structures; measures to ensure the required accuracy of the installation; spatial immutability of structures during their pre-assembly and installation in the design position; stability of structures and parts of a building (structure) during construction; the degree of enlargement of structures and safe working conditions.
The combined installation of structures and equipment should be carried out according to the PPR containing the procedure for combining work, interconnected schemes of erection tiers and zones, schedules of lifting structures and equipment.
If necessary, as part of the PPR, additional technical requirements should be developed aimed at increasing the construction manufacturability of the structures being erected, which should be agreed in the prescribed manner with the organization - the project developer and included in the executive working drawings.
3.4. The construction site must be fenced in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23407 and marked with safety signs and inscriptions of the established form in accordance with the requirements of GOST R 12.4.026. The construction site, work areas, workplaces, driveways and approaches to them in the dark must be illuminated in accordance with the requirements of GOST 12.1.046.
3.5. Data on the performance of construction and installation work should be entered daily in the logs of work on the installation of building structures (Appendix A), welding (Appendix B), corrosion protection of welded joints (Appendix C), embedding of assembly joints and assemblies (Appendix D), performance of installation bolted connections with controlled tension (Appendix D), a journal of concrete works (Appendix F), and also fix their position on geodetic executive schemes during the installation of structures. The quality of construction and installation works must be ensured by the current control of technological processes of preparatory and main works, as well as during the acceptance of works. Based on the results of current control of technological processes, certificates of inspection of hidden works are drawn up.
3.6. Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, timber and stone structures must meet the requirements of relevant standards, codes of practice and working drawings.
3.7. Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products), and for non-standardized structures (products), the following requirements should be observed:
structures should be, as a rule, in a position corresponding to the design one (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met, in a position convenient for transportation and transfer to installation (columns, staircases etc.), subject to ensuring their strength;
structures should be based on inventory lining and rectangular gaskets located in the places indicated in the project; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and at least 20 mm higher than the height of the slinging loops and other protruding parts of structures; for multi-tiered loading and storage of similar structures, linings and gaskets should be located on the same vertical along the line of lifting devices (loops, holes) or in other places indicated in the working drawings;
structures must be reliably fixed to protect against overturning, longitudinal and lateral displacement, mutual impacts against each other or against the structure of vehicles; fastenings must ensure the ability to unload each element from vehicles without disturbing the stability of the rest;
the textured surfaces of load-bearing structures must be protected from damage and contamination;
outlets of fittings and protruding parts must be protected from damage; factory markings must be accessible for inspection;
small parts for mounting connections should be attached to the shipping elements or sent simultaneously with structures in a container equipped with tags indicating the brands of parts and their number; these parts should be stored under a canopy;
fasteners should be stored indoors, sorted by type and brand, bolts and nuts - by strength classes and diameters, and high-strength bolts, nuts and washers - and by lot.
3.8. Facade cladding and roofing structures with textured and other finishing, thin-walled galvanized elements of load-bearing structures, fasteners and parts of load-bearing and enclosing structures, shaped elements of facades and roofing, insulation and vapor barrier materials should be stored in an unheated warehouse with a hard floor covering.
The storage of structures, cladding panels and parts in the warehouse is carried out packed on wooden beams up to 10 cm thick, in increments of 0.5 m. The warehouse must be closed, dry, with a hard floor covering.
It is not allowed to store the structures, panels and parts specified in this clause in open areas and together with aggressive chemical products.
3.9. During storage, structures should be sorted by brand and laid, taking into account the order of installation.
3.10. It is forbidden to move any structures by dragging.
3.11. To ensure the safety of wooden structures during transportation and storage, inventory devices (lodgements, clamps, containers, soft slings) should be used with soft gaskets and linings installed at the points of support and contact of structures with metal parts. Structures should be stored under a canopy to protect them from exposure to solar radiation, alternate moistening and drying.
3.12. Prefabricated structures should be installed, as a rule, from vehicles or enlargement stands.
3.13. Before lifting each mounting element, check:
compliance with its design brand;
the condition of the embedded products and installation marks, the absence of dirt, snow, ice, damage to the finish, primer and paint;
availability at the workplace of the necessary fittings and auxiliary materials;
correctness and reliability of fastening load-handling devices.
Each mounting element must be equipped in accordance with the PPR means of paving, ladders and fences.
3.14. The slinging of the mounted elements should be carried out in the places indicated in the working drawings, and ensure their lifting and supply to the installation site in a position close to the design one. If it is necessary to change the slinging points, they must be agreed with the organization - the developer of the working drawings.
Lifting operations with thin-walled galvanized structures, cladding panels and slabs should be carried out using textile tape slings, vacuum grippers or other devices that exclude damage to structures and panels.
It is forbidden to sling structures in arbitrary places, as well as for reinforcement outlets.
Slinging schemes for enlarged flat and spatial blocks should ensure their strength, stability and invariability of geometric dimensions and shapes during lifting.
3.15. The elements to be mounted should be lifted smoothly, without jerking, swinging and rotating, as a rule, using guy wires. When lifting vertically located structures, one guy is used, horizontal elements and blocks - at least two.
The structures should be lifted in two steps: first, to a height of 20-30 cm, then, after checking the reliability of the slinging, further lifting.
3.16. When installing the mounting elements, the following must be provided:
stability and invariability of their position at all stages of installation;
work safety;
the accuracy of their position with the help of constant geodetic control;
strength of field connections.
3.17. The structures should be installed in the design position according to the accepted guidelines (risks, pins, stops, edges, etc.).
Structures with special embedded or other fixing devices should be installed according to these devices.
3.18. The installed mounting elements must be securely fastened before unbinding.
3.19. Until the end of the alignment and reliable (temporary or design) fastening of the installed element, it is not allowed to support the overlying structures on it, if such support is not provided for by the PPR.
3.20. In the absence of special requirements in the working drawings, the maximum deviations of the alignment of landmarks (edges or marks) when installing prefabricated elements, as well as deviations from the design position of structures completed by installation (erection), should not exceed the values given in the relevant sections of this set of rules.
Deviations for the installation of mounting elements, the position of which may change in the process of their constant fastening and loading with subsequent structures, should be assigned in the PPR so that they do not exceed the limit values after the completion of all installation work. In the absence of special instructions in the PPR, the deviation of the elements during installation should not exceed 0.4 of the maximum deviation for acceptance.
3.21. The use of installed structures for attaching cargo chain hoists, branch blocks and other lifting devices to them is allowed only in cases provided for by the PPR and agreed, if necessary, with the organization that completed the working drawings of the structures.
3.22. The installation of structures of buildings (structures) should be started, as a rule, from a spatially stable part: a bonding cell, a stiffening core, etc.
Erection of structures of buildings and structures of great length or height should be carried out in spatially stable sections (spans, tiers, floors, temperature blocks, etc.).
3.23. Production quality control of construction and installation works should be carried out in accordance with SP 48.13330.
During acceptance control, the following documentation must be submitted:
as-built drawings with deviations made (if any) admitted by the manufacturer of the structures, as well as by the installation organization, agreed with the design organizations - the developers of the drawings, and documents on their approval;
factory technical passports for steel, reinforced concrete and wooden structures;
documents (certificates, passports) certifying the quality of materials used in the production of construction and installation works;
certificates of inspection of hidden works;
acts of intermediate acceptance of critical structures;
executive geodetic diagrams of the position of structures;
work logs;
documents on quality control of welded joints;
structural test reports (if tests are provided for by additional rules of this set of rules or working drawings);
other documents specified in additional rules or working drawings.
3.24. It is allowed in projects, with appropriate justification, to assign requirements for the accuracy of parameters, volumes and control methods that differ from those provided for by these rules. In this case, the accuracy of the geometric parameters of structures should be assigned based on the calculation of accuracy in accordance with GOST 21780.

3.5 Data on the performance of construction and installation work should be entered daily in the logs for the installation of building structures (), welding (), anti-corrosion protection of welded joints (), embedding of assembly joints and assemblies (), execution of assembly connections on bolts with controlled tension ( ), a journal of concrete works (), and also fix their position on geodetic executive schemes during the installation of structures. The quality of construction and installation works must be ensured by the current control of technological processes of preparatory and main works, as well as during the acceptance of works. Based on the results of current control of technological processes, certificates of inspection of hidden works are drawn up.

3.6 Structures, products and materials used in the construction of concrete, reinforced concrete, steel, timber and stone structures must meet the requirements of relevant standards, codes of practice and working drawings.

3.7 Transportation and temporary storage of structures (products) in the installation area should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of state standards for these structures (products), and for non-standardized structures (products), the following requirements should be observed:

Structures should, as a rule, be in a position corresponding to the design one (beams, trusses, slabs, wall panels, etc.), and if this condition cannot be met, in a position convenient for transportation and transfer to installation (columns, staircases etc.) subject to ensuring their strength;

Structures should be based on inventory lining and rectangular gaskets located in the places indicated in the project; the thickness of the gaskets must be at least 30 mm and at least 20 mm higher than the height of the slinging loops and other protruding parts of structures; for multi-tiered loading and storage of similar structures, linings and gaskets should be located on the same vertical along the line of lifting devices (loops, holes) or in other places indicated in the working drawings;