Self-production of home household machines. The process of making a mini-excavator with your own hands How to make a homemade mini

Everyone can make a mini tractor with their own hands, the main thing is to stock up on the necessary tools, materials and patience. As a result, a full-fledged multifunctional machine is obtained, which makes it possible to ensure the fulfillment of all the household needs of the owner. High cross-country ability, ease of use, versatility - these are the advantages that you get after installing a homemade tractor.

An important component of agriculture is the processing of land plots. This includes not only regular loosening and weeding, but also watering and fertilizing the land. After all, absolutely all cultures need a plowed and well-groomed land. With such difficult tasks, a mini tractor with a small size and capable of performing a lot of daily tasks in agriculture can quite cope.

In this regard, in rural areas, small farms prefer this technique. Indeed, unlike large agricultural complexes, private traders cannot afford expensive agricultural machinery. That is why homemade mini tractors videos with a detailed description of which are on the Internet have become so popular and in demand. Assembling such equipment is not as easy as it might seem at first glance, but it is still possible, and the costs will be much lower than the cost of factory agricultural equipment. Plus, a homemade small tractor can be equipped with various equipment that can significantly increase the range of work performed by this technique.

Mini tractors: types and features

As always, this category of technology includes 3 types, with their own characteristics:

1. Devices that can handle any task: hilling, loosening and weeding of land, as well as garbage collection and mowing. In most cases, such equipment is equipped with a medium-sized engine and can cope with the processing of five or even six hectares of land. Helps in the performance of tasks assigned to the mini tractor and various attachments (see).

2. Small tractors, assembled exclusively for mowing and cleaning adjacent to the house or farmland of the territory, can easily cope with even an area of ​​about two hectares. This technique is often used to create lawns.

3. Rider is a technique created to maintain a small plot of land, and is used mainly for fertilizing the land, as well as treating the area with pesticides. It is also used for cleaning concrete sites and other similar areas.

Pros and cons of this technique

In most cases, a home-made mini tractor is used in private farms: with mini tractors, they not only take out various garbage from trees and shrubs, but also serve vegetable gardens, and also ennoble adjacent territories. The advantages of this technique include the following:

Thorough cultivation of any soil. It is extremely difficult to cultivate the land on your own, especially in large volumes, and even more so to do it efficiently. Indeed, in some places the soil can be not only hard, but also rocky, so it is quite difficult to carry out all the necessary work manually. Homemade mini tractors cope with any of the above tasks no worse than conventional factory equipment;

It is easy to handle even small areas of agricultural land. For small territories, it is simply unreasonable to incur expenses for the purchase of large factory equipment, since a mini tractor is much cheaper and copes with the tasks set;

The attractive cost of home-made equipment, since the mini-tractor is assembled mainly from improvised means and inexpensive parts;

You can always, if necessary, change additional equipment, depending on what work needs to be done. And, of course, simple and fairly affordable repairs.

The disadvantages include only the fact that it is necessary to independently select all the components and devote your precious time to this, which is needed quite a lot, especially if some rare components come across in the technique.

But, it should be noted that in most cases the assembly uses the most common and affordable parts that can be found at any time. It helps to assemble a homemade mini tractor with your own hands video of people who already have some experience in this matter.

How to make a homemade mini tractor?

To create such an agricultural technique, experts from the people use several methods, but in most cases everything happens like this:

1. A frame is created from a conventional rolled channel by welding pre-prepared elements, which include the front and rear cross members and two side members. The front of this technique is narrower, resulting in a trapezoidal frame. After that, holes are made in the frame for installing other parts of the body and mechanisms.

2. With the help of welding, corners are attached at the corners of the frame, which play the role of a stand, and also serve as a stretcher and are interconnected in the upper part. Further, the rear axle is mounted on the frame, but when designing an all-wheel drive vehicle, it will also be necessary to install a front axle.

3. An engine of the required power is mounted, in the role of which various power units from motoblocks (see), motorcycles (even boxer ones) are usually used.

4. A gearbox is mounted on the frame, which must be turned towards the driver in order for the control to be as comfortable and simple as possible.

6. It is imperative to weld on the hitch, which will later be useful not only for the trailer, but also for some additional equipment, such as a seeder, mower or plow.

7. The final point in the work on creating a mini tractor is the installation of the brake system, the installation of the tank, and, of course, the electrical part.

Homemade drawings

Well, to make a choice, any person who wants to design such a technique will help the drawings of homemade mini tractors that are on the Internet.

Self-made models of mini tractors, photos and videos of which can be found on the pages of designers of ordinary home-made equipment for the agricultural complex, have not only a decent exterior, but also excellent functionality. The creation of one of the models of agricultural equipment can be quite long and not easy, but a video describing in detail the step-by-step construction of a mini tractor can help to facilitate the design process. As a result, it is possible to create a technique that will help to process agricultural areas much faster and more efficiently.

As a rule, the sphere of agriculture is mainly associated with the cultivation of land for many of us. However, for sowing grain crops and growing vegetables, berries and fruits, it is necessary not only to plow the soil and apply fertilizers, but also to ensure regular watering and weeding. Of course, if a farmer has such specialized equipment as, for example, a mini-tractor, then he can significantly simplify the implementation of many types of work. Speaking about this technique, one should first of all note its small dimensions, but at the same time it successfully copes with the main tasks: plowing the land, loosening, mowing grass and other operations related to soil cultivation.

Large agricultural complexes and firms thoroughly approach this issue and, as a rule, use imported or domestic models. As for private farms, due to limited financial capabilities, they often have to use homemade mini-tractors. Although this approach to business and allows you to save however, the assembly process is fraught with difficulties. But still, this does not stop many, since it is in the power of every private farmer to make with their own hands not just a homemade mini-tractor, but agricultural machinery, which, after being equipped with additional equipment, can be used to solve a wider range of tasks.

Homemade mini-tractors: types and features

To this class of agricultural machinery it is customary to attribute three types, each of which has its own characteristics:

Homemade mini tractor: pros and cons

First of all, such machines are in demand among the owners of private subsidiary farms. There they are used to perform tasks such as the outbreak of vegetable gardens, the removal and destruction of waste from tree sawing, as well as the improvement of the territory.

pros

This is a technique has certain advantages that ensured her popularity:

Minuses

There are also disadvantages to this technique. This should include the fact that the owner will have to search for components yourself for a car. In the event that during the assembly process some rare part was used, then it will be quite difficult for him to find the same one to replace it. However, the most common practice is when components are most often used to assemble mini-tractors with their own hands, which can be easily found in case of failure.

Having decided to independently assemble a homemade mini-tractor in order to drive it on public roads, keep in mind that you have there must be permission on this. Otherwise, you risk getting a fine for refitting the car.

How to make a homemade mini tractor with your own hands

The main question that arises for those who are interested in a mini tractor is how to make this machine? There are many ways to build a homemade mini-tractor at home. Myself assembly process this technique looks like this:

If you turn to the network, then there you can find many different drawings for assembly homemade mini-tractor. Therefore, having selected a suitable scheme, you can immediately start work, focusing on one or another option, or make changes to the finished one, taking into account your needs and tasks.

Conclusion

Private farm owners and farmers are faced with many challenges, including how to cultivate the land. The easiest way is to purchase special equipment, however, given the high prices at which many Western and domestic machines are offered, most landowners are inclined to assemble a mini-tractor for cultivating the land with their own hands. Basically, this the task is quite solvable, the main thing is to understand where to start the manufacturing process of this technique. It is advisable to first prepare a drawing in order to clearly know what details should be present in a homemade mini-tractor.

The easiest option is to use the experience of other folk craftsmen who have already had to solve a similar problem. There are many resources on the network where even complete drawings are laid out, which can become a project to create a homemade mini-tractor with your own hands. After that, all that remains is to prepare the required materials and tools, after which you can get down to business.

Attention!!! The information contained on this page may be outdated and contain errors today. Therefore, it is provided for informational purposes only.

Mini motorcycle specifications

Weight (dry) - 27 kg;

Engine Ш 52, - 2.0 HP

Overall dimensions, mm

Length - 1100mm;

Width - 500mm;

Height - 900mm;

Clearance - 150mm;

The maximum speed is 65 km / h.

The bike is equipped with a large trunk and a spacious toolbox. Shock absorbers on both wheels significantly reduce fatigue on long journeys. This was confirmed, by the way, during the runs on the route Moscow - Smolensk - Minsk - Vilnius - Riga-Tallinn - Leningrad and in the course of daily operation. The car showed good stability, high throttle response and reliably coped with all the difficulties of the road.

Fig. 1. The appearance of a homemade mini motorcycle

Frame

Made of thin-walled tubes 27 x 1 mm (Fig. 2). Bicycle frame parts welded as shown are suitable.

Rice. 2. The frame of the micromotorcycle and wheel parts:
1 and 3 - spacer bushings of the rear wheel made of D16 duralumin, 2 - spacer bush from St.Z, 4 - standard brake drum from a bicycle, 5 - standard hub of the front wheel of a motorbike, 6 - spacer bush from St.Z, 7 - flange, 8 - a place for the bearing.

Front fork

With shock absorbers (Fig. 3) - from a 16-B bicycle, which has been modified as follows:

The left and right halves are sawn off to the dimensions indicated in the drawing.

Then the pendulum levers are mounted on the wheel and secured with nuts.

A strip is cut out of steel 40 mm wide and 3 mm thick, and the ends of the fork are crimped with it.

After that, the ends of the plug are welded to the base strip.

Shock absorbers do not need to be removed during alteration.

Fig. 3. Front fork.

Rear fork

The rear fork is shown in fig. 4, with shock absorbers - from a motorcycle, "Java". You can use this knot from the Riga moped. The drawing shows which part of the frame needs to be cut from the old frame of the production motorcycle and welded into the frame of my homemade product.

Fig. 4. Rear fork.

Wheel rims and discs

(fig. 6 and 7). The homemade tires installed on my car are 1.5 times wider than the usual scooter tires used in similar cars. Therefore, the width of the rims between the beads is 38 mm. The landing dimensions are standard.

The rims are made of a moped wheel, Riga on a mandrel (fig. 5)

Fig. 5. Mandrel for making rims

Rice. 6. Rim with brake drum assembly:
1 - brake drum, 2- wheel disc, 3- bearing place No. 201, 4 - sprocket with 18 teeth, 5 - pin with a diameter of 6 mm

Fig. 7. Wheel rim

Engine

Installed on the frame after a series of alterations:

The pedals are removed and the kickstarter is placed (Fig. 8, 9). On the assembled engine, the lug of the right half of the crankcase is sawn off with a hacksaw, through which the connecting rod shaft passes. The height of the remaining part of the boss should be 3 mm, and the risk remains on the shaft. Then the engine is disassembled, the halves of the crankcase are separated and the connecting rod shaft is removed, the place of risks is annealed and the "excess" is sawn off. On the lug of the right half of the crankcase, a plug made of a duralumin plate 3 mm thick with a gasket made of a press frame is placed. Then the brake sleeve is cut off and put in place, a groove is made on the connecting rod shaft for the kickstarter spring from the K-125 motorcycle and the engine with the kickstarter is assembled.

Rice. 8 General view of the converted engine.

Fig. 9. Backing disc with brake pads and bushings.

Steering wheel

From moped Riga ", shortened to 500 mm, all its parts are standard.

Brake pads and drums

From the front wheel of the bike 16-B.

Stop signal

From the M-20 car, its switch - from the VP 150 scooter.

V. Petrovsky, Ufa

A loader on a tractor allows you to automate most of the land work on a home plot or farm. With it, you can level earth embankments, debris, transport goods, load machines with agricultural products.

Naturally, such a functional tool is not cheap. But, if you have all the necessary materials, you can assemble the loader yourself.

1 Features of homemade forklifts

As a guide, you can take the T 40 or MTZ tractors. They are most often found in domestic agriculture, and are also equipped with rear and front linkage with a power take-off and a hydraulic system that provides propulsion.

1.1 Loader-homemade on the rear hitch of the tractor

Such a loader is used on T 25 and T 40. This is a simpler option than a front loader in terms of calculating the dimensions and installation on a tractor.

The first step in the manufacture of a loader for the rear of the tractor will be to find or independently produce the correct drawing. The proportions and dimensions of the main metal parts must be clearly maintained in it.

For the simplest model of a loader you will need:

1. First of all, you need metal sheets and a profile, which will be used as the basis of the kosh. The thickness of the metal is selected based on the dimensions of the bucket.
2. Based on the drawing and calculations of the load on the loader, the articulated joints of the cylindrical shape are selected.
3. You should also prepare three cylinders from the old machinery hydraulic system. Two cylinders will be responsible for tilting the bucket. One, larger, will raise the arrow.

As for the tool, you will need:

• a grinder or a gas cutter, which will provide the most accurate cutting of metal profiles;
• powerful welding machine;
• hammer, bolts, washers, pliers and other small tools.

1.2 Homemade loader for T 40 (video)

2 Assembly steps

The entire assembly process takes place in the following stages:

1. The first thing to do is a solid foundation. The base looks like a rectangle made of metal corners or square tubes. The bottom edge of such a frame will be fixed on the canopy, so that it protrudes slightly. Another rectangle of pipes is installed in the middle of the frame. A large hydraulic cylinder will be installed on it. On the top you need to make a spacer and four hinges for the boom.
2. Then an arrow is made. To develop it, you will need two metal profiles that are interconnected at an angle of 30 degrees. The ends of the base and the mounting of the hydraulic cylinder are welded to the top of the boom.
3. The center of the boom is equipped with a cylindrical hinge. Two movably connected segments are fixed here, which connect the small cylinders and the crossbar for installing the bucket.
4. Next, a bucket is made. To make it, you need one large and four smaller sheets of steel. Commensurate rectangles are cut from them, which will be welded together. The front is at an angle.

It should be remembered that a homemade product with an arrow of more than 2 meters will outweigh the technique and can turn it over. Therefore, it is better to equip the front part with additional weight.

2.1 How to make your own frontal version?

This type is installed on tractors with a leading front axle. To make a front loader with your own hands, as in the previous version, you must first develop a clear drawing. Based on it, select materials and tools.

After developing the drawing, you can prepare materials. For the bucket, you need three to four (depending on the size) sheets of steel. In this case, the bucket can be with an arcuate base or of rectangular elements. The first type requires less material and work. The bottom sheet of steel is bent in an arc, and side inserts are welded onto it from above. For the second type, you will need five rectangular plates.

In addition to steel sheets, you also need a steel profile, square-section pipes of different sizes, four hydraulic cylinders. As for the tool, here the set is the same as in the previous version.

The entire assembly process of the frontal model is as follows:

1. First of all, additional steel platforms are welded to the front of the equipment, directly under the hitch, which will provide support for the tool. Recesses are made in the platforms for the installation of the rods.
2. Then an arrow is made. It is made from profiles. For this, two contours are made from profile segments connected at an angle of 30 degrees. Between themselves, the contours are fixed with steel bridges in the central, lower and upper parts for greater strength.
3. A vertical support with a protrusion in the upper part is welded to one side of each circuit. An additional spacer is welded to it, which is attached to the second side to the corner on the central part of the boom.
4. On the finished bucket, welded from metal rectangles, eyelets are made in the back. The boom is fixed on the lower eyelet, two hydraulic cylinders are installed on the upper one. At the other end, the hydraulic cylinders are fixed at an angle in the center of the boom. Large cylinders are guided from the center of the boom to a vertical support.
5. The whole structure is fixed to the tractor hitch.

In such a device, the front hydraulic cylinders are responsible for turning the working bucket, and the large rear ones bend and unbend the boom.

2.2 DIY mini loader

The self-made mini loader is practically identical in its principle of operation to models designed for large-sized equipment. But, given the limited capabilities, more careful calculations of the length and weight of the device should be carried out.

The design of the most simple skid steer loader consists of three main components:

• worker ;
• hydraulic drive and tool frame;
• device control system.

It is advisable to make a bucket with an arcuate base. For this, a steel sheet with a thickness of 6-7 mm is bent at an angle (the angle is selected based on the planned drawing and the purpose of the device). Side walls are welded to the arcuate structure. The lower part of the base is equipped with teeth, which will simplify the work with free-flowing fractions.

Next, you should make hydraulics for a homemade mini loader. For this, first of all, an arrow is made. For it, a channel with a cross-sectional shape in the form of the letter P is taken. On one side they are attached to the bucket, on the other to special welded plates on the minitractor frame. You can make an arrow from one large channel, but the design of two circuits is more reliable.

Further, levers are made from a square pipe. They are connected by means of bushings. For them, you need to make a hole in advance. The smaller lever is installed closer to the middle of the boom. The second is fixed with one edge at the free end of the first, and with the second it clings to the bucket. On the other hand, the same construction is done.

The last element is the hydraulic links. Two of them are fixed between the frame and the vertical support. Two connect the vertical supports and the free end of the center arm.

If this one is made on the basis of one boom base, it is better to use it on the rear hitch of a mini tractor. If the self-made structures are equipped with two jumpers, they are fixed at the front.