Deciduous trees of the name. Computer determinant of trees and shrubs in spring and summer

can to acquire    in our non-commercial online store.
   There you can to acquire   colored laminated key tables  : trees in summer and trees in winter, shrubs in summer and shrubs in winter, as well as similar graphic dichotomous determinators  : trees in summer, shrubs in summer, trees in winter and shrubs in winter.

can to acquire    in our non-commercial online store.
   There you can to acquire   colored laminated key tables  : trees in summer and trees in winter, shrubs in summer and shrubs in winter, as well as similar graphic dichotomous determinators  : trees in summer, shrubs in summer, trees in winter and shrubs in winter.

  Determinant    represents computer program, which "gives" a list of identifying morphological features inherent to all objects of this Atlas-determinant. In this determinant, 16 signs () are used as definitive ones.

To work with the determinant, the user must select the signs (in any order) and response options (characteristic values) - referring to his object (he, of course, must be in front of the researcher). At the same time, in the right part of the screen, a list of all species included in the determinant database will be visible all the time. With each answer, the number of species in this list will be reduced until it comes to two or three, or, ideally, to one.

Textbook  The Handbook on Plant Morphology contains information on the morphological structure of the objects included in the determinant. For this determinant, the reference book includes information on escape morphology, leaf morphology, flower morphology  and fetal morphology  (see, for example, sample below),

Computer determinant of woody plantscan to acquire    in our non-commercial online store.
   There you can to acquire   colored laminated key tables  : trees in summer and trees in winter, shrubs in summer and shrubs in winter, as well as similar graphic dichotomous determinators  : trees in summer, shrubs in summer, trees in winter and shrubs in winter.

   Application.

List of species of woody plants included in the determinant:
(species listed in alphabetical order)

Full descriptions and thumbnails of all types included in this determinant can be viewed / downloaded in sections. Abstracts  and Nature  our site.

Computer determinant of woody plantscan to acquire    in our non-commercial online store.
   There you can to acquire   colored laminated key tables  : trees in summer and trees in winter, shrubs in summer and shrubs in winter, as well as similar graphic dichotomous determinators  : trees in summer, shrubs in summer, trees in winter and shrubs in winter.

List of identifying attributes and their meanings:

How to find out trees by leaves? Group: "Researchers" 1 class MOU Northotatar Secondary School

How to find out trees by leaves? We went on a trip to the autumn garden. Collected leaves. According to the leaves identified "That's whose leaves are." Photographed their finds. On the Internet, found the material "How to find out the trees on the leaves?"

"This is whose leaves."

“How can we recognize trees by leaves?” Maple Leaf: Large, with five sharp blades. It is so expressive that it became a symbol of the state of Canada and adorns the coat of arms and national flag of this country.

The ash leaf is very complex and looks more like a whole branch with several oppositely located, smooth leaves with narrow ends. The main petiole on the upper side has a hollow, and water, once in it, flows like a channel, being absorbed by the leaf cells. Rowan leaf is as complex as ash, only each leaf with cloves and more oval.

Aspen is small, whitish-green, round, with a wavy edge of the leaves. They are interesting with their peculiarity: with a noise like a loud whisper, they suddenly start to shake, sparkle with a silver-white inside, at the time when all the other trees are standing still, as if there is no wind, and the aspen leaves rustle and strangely spin. For a long time this mysterious feature of the aspen leaf remained a mystery. The answer was very simple: the base of a very long stem is flattened and looks like a thin plate. Because of this, the petiole-plate of a leaf at the slightest, barely noticeable breath of breeze begins to tumble from side to side, turning over either green or whitish side. And it seems to us that Osinka constantly trembles for no reason. Even the proverb in people included: "Trembles like an aspen leaf."

Alder leaf round. And in the black alder it has a blunt tip, and in the gray alder the tip is sharp.

Birch leaves are rounded with a sharp end and a jagged edge. Along the edge of the birch leaf there are holes (stomata) through which droplets of water with dissolved sugar stand out on a hot day. Such sweet droplets that look like dew are called honeydew. Bees like to collect her. The spring young leaves of birch, alder, poplar glitter like lacquered. The fact is that they are coated with resin. You will immediately feel it on your fingers - the leaves are sticky. This resin protects delicate young shoots from sudden changes in the weather and impedes the evaporation of water. The resinous substance has a pleasant smell that makes the May air especially fragrant. When the leaves grow older and become stronger, the luster disappears, the fragrant aroma disappears. Willow leaves are narrow, long and sharp. Below they are gray-white, green above, so when the wind shimmers with a brilliant silver color. Taking a willow leaf in your hands, you notice that it is covered with a gun on the top, and silky felt from below. This coating - protection from the withering action of the wind.

Appeared delicate green leaves-needles on larch. They stick out with short bunches. You can fearlessly touch these needles - do not poke. They are soft, elastic, pleasant to the touch - like rubber. And when they grow up, they will become as prickly as they were at spruce.

The last among the trees are the oak leaves: they are afraid of frost. Young shoots of unusual red color due to the presence in them of a special coloring matter. After a while they turn green. The wavy edges of an oak leaf repeat the contour of the crown of an adult tree. Since ancient times, the branch of this tree was a symbol of strength, nobility, power, good. Wreaths of oak leaves were awarded to warriors who committed outstanding feats. Even today, there is an image of two oak leaves on a cap of a cap and in the buttonholes of the forestry workers, those who grow and protect the forest.

Our observations: By the leaves now we can easily recognize the trees. Each tree leaf has its own special shape. Although all the leaves of the trees are green, there are so many shades of green that, after looking closely, the trees in spring can be easily distinguished by color. The yellow-green foliage of ash, dark green - maple, sparkling - aspens ... A great opportunity in a color pattern to explore the richness of shades of only one green color

Instruction

Starting from the first spring days, walk more in parks and forest zones, watch the delicate leaves appearing, try to visually remember both the trees themselves and the shape of the leaves. If necessary, clarify their names. Use a camera. Identify your pictures with illustrations in encyclopedias, with photos posted on sites about trees. So you can remember the names of the trees, and a description of their leaves.

Collect herbarium. For a long time, you can always see and clarify which tree has the fallen leaf.

Use the appearing applications for phones and other devices to consolidate acquired skills.

Spring fills our life with green trees in parks, forests and gardens. But do we know the trees so well to accurately determine which tree  Before us: spruce, pine, poplar or maple? What will you answer to the question of an inquisitive child, if he asks you: “What kind of tree?»

Instruction

It is enough to accurately determine the species of trees by their leaves. To do this, of course, you will need some of the most basic knowledge in the field of tree science - dendrology, as well as minimal experience. The fact is that the leaf of each type of tree has a unique shape and structure.

Maple leaf is very difficult to confuse with the leaves of other trees. It is quite large and consists of five sharp original "blades". Take a look at the Canadian flag and see what a maple leaf looks like. You can easily remember it for life.

Oval, with cloves, rowan leaves, especially located on a branch, is very difficult to confuse with something else. In the autumn, when bright juicy berries appear in a mountain ash, hanging in clusters, it is not necessary to determine tree  over its leaves.

Aspen has small, whitish, rounded, with a wavy contour, aspen leaves, but they can be determined by another feature. They are able to tremble, uttering a noise that is somewhat reminiscent of a whisper. No wonder they say: "It trembles like an aspen leaf." The point here is in the oblate shape of the base of the petiole, which makes it resemble a thin plate. The reverse side of an aspen leaf has a whitish silver color.

Birch leaves know almost everyone, they are round and have sharp jagged edges. However, in order to understand that there is a birch in front of you, it is possible not to look at the leaves either. The beautiful birch in her snow-white dress can be seen from afar.

Willow leaves are pointed, long and narrow shape. The bottom of their grayish-white color. The upper part of the willow leaf is covered with a kind of "fluff", from the bottom the leaf is silky.

Aspen or quivering poplar is a tall deciduous tree of the Willow family, which is widespread throughout Russia. Beyond it, aspen can be found in Europe, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, and Korea.

Aspen appearance

Aspen is distinguished by a columnar trunk, which can reach a length of 35 m, and 1 m in diameter. Decorative forms have pyramidal and weeping crowns. A characteristic feature of this tree is the smooth bark of a light green or light gray color. Closer to the roots with age, it darkens and cracks. Aspen wood has a white color with a slight greenish tint. At night, the aspen bark can be confused with birch, although if you touch it with your hands, the differences from bark become noticeable. The bark of a birch tree is notable for its roughness.

In winter, due to the lack of foliage, aspen can be confused with poplar. You can distinguish them, perhaps, only by location. Thus, in the forests, poplar is usually not found, and in the city, on the contrary, aspen rarely grows. The most reliable difference is the kidneys. In poplar they are longer.

In summer, aspen can be confidently recognized by the leaves. They have a rounded or rhombic shape with uneven notched edges, 3-7 cm long. Leaves of shoots usually have large sizes: their length reaches 15 cm. At the same time, they have an almost heart-shaped shape.

The venation of aspen leaves is pinnate. They are smooth on both sides, but the outer one has a dark green color, and the lower one is light gray-green. With the advent of autumn, the foliage is painted in a variety of colors - from golden to purple.

The arrangement of the branches and leaves of the aspen is next. It is noteworthy that the leaves on this tree are trembling, even at the slightest breeze. All because of their special structure. Aspen leaves have long petioles, which are flattened, while in the middle they are thinner. Meanwhile, there is a phraseological unit "tremble like an aspen leaf," which means "shaking with fear."

Aspen is a dioecious plant. Her flowers are inconspicuous, small, collected in dangling earrings. The flowers on the male tree are reddish in color and up to 15 cm in length. The female earrings are greenish and a little thinner. Aspen blooms before the leaves bloom.

Where aspen grows

Aspen feels good on different soils. It grows in forest-steppe and forest zones. It can be seen in forests, along river banks, edges, occasionally in clearings and dry sand, through swamps, ravines, and in the mountains.

Often it forms aspen trees and is part of mixed forests in companies with deciduous and coniferous species. Usually near the aspen you can see pine, larch, birch, alder. Aspen is able to survive a forest fire, since its roots are located deep underground.

It is quite simple to determine the tree species by leaves, bark, trunk or branches. However, woodcarvers often have to deal with blanks in the form of peeled snags, planks and bars. In this case, the wood can be determined only by carefully studying its structure. Of course, the experience of dealing with a wide variety of trees is also important.

You will need

• - hacksaw;
• - sharp knife;
• - magnifying glass;
• - sandpaper;
• - tassel;
• - pure water.