Homemade vibratory rammer drawing. Homemade vibrating plate with an electric motor do it yourself

A real owner will not spend money on things that you can do yourself. Having weighed all the pros and cons of a homemade vibrating plate for your household, there is no doubt that it is much wiser to assemble it with your own hands.

And when there is no need to perform tamping work, you can offer the made unit for rent to your friends and acquaintances.

And get additional profit.

What is a vibratory plate for?

Compaction processes for various loose substrates are integral to construction work. For example, rubble, sand, soil and other similar materials.

For the purpose of mechanizing the compaction process, the so-called vibrating plates are used. The mechanism of their action is quite simple.

The device creates vibrations under the action of which small particles of the compaction layer are knocked down as close as possible to each other, excess air is displaced and at the finish an even base of the required density is obtained.

Buying such a car is quite unprofitable for yourself. A home-made vibrating plate will cost much more profitable.

Structural device of the mechanism

A vibrator is attached to a weighty platform, and an engine is installed above it. The last two nodes are connected by a coupling and a V-belt transmission.

The rotational movements of the engine are converted into vibrational ones with the help of a vibrator and transmitted to a heavy platform, which in turn acts on the compacted surface.

The reversing function of the device provides the ability to work in narrow trenches and excavations.

The slab itself is made of steel or cast iron, preferably of good quality. Otherwise, the service life of the device will be significantly reduced, and cracks will appear on the surface of the base.

The size of the working surface of the plate affects the pressure exerted by the mechanism on the compacted layer. A slab with a smaller area compresses the soil better.

Important! For sufficient compaction of the asphalt, the device must have at least 10kN. It is better to lay the tiles using a slab weighing 75-90 kg and a force of 18-20 kN.

The density of the finishing layer depends on the vibration force. The higher it is, the better the material is compacted.

Vibratory plate configuration options

Nutritional classification

electric,
diesel and
gasoline vibrating plate.

Electrical. The most economical is considered to be electric. This is what is recommended to be collected with your own hands for your own household.

Moreover, in terms of technical characteristics, vibratory plates with an electric motor are in no way inferior to their competitors. The only downside can be considered the condition of the availability of an accessible electrical network.

Gasoline. Will cost more than electric, but cheaper than diesel.

However, it will be more profitable to buy diesel fuel, although the engine itself will be the most expensive of the three described.

Its disadvantage will also be high noise, which reduces comfort at work.

The installed motor must have sufficient power to handle a heavy plate. Otherwise, the latter will be loaded in bulk material.

Weight classification

The mass of the vibrating plate will be the primary determinant for the selection of component parts, if you make the mechanism yourself.

Allocate:

Lightweight slabs... Weighing 75 kg. For processing a layer up to 15 cm thick. Such slabs are used for landscaping, laying paving slabs, damping polyurethane rugs.
Universal plates... Their weight ranges from 75 to 90 kg. The maximum layer to be processed is 25 cm. They are used for landscaping, road surface repair, including patching on asphalt.
Medium... Weight 90-140 kg. The thickness of the processed layer is up to 60 cm. Application - laying the road surface in layers, filling trenches around the perimeter of the foundation.

Directional classification

In the direction of movement in the process of ramming, the vibrating plates are straight and reverse.

Direct can only move forward, and if a second pass through the compacted layer is necessary, such a machine will have to be turned around. And this, albeit small, but still a waste of time.

Reverse vibrating plates can move both forward and backward. They give better performance. Usually, devices with plates weighing more than 100 kg are endowed with a reverse.

Supplements in the complete set

An additional advantage will be if the plate compactor is equipped with an irrigation system.

It protects the unit from sticking to the compacted surface. They should carefully protect the engine from water ingress.

Belts and couplings must be protected with special guards.

This way, small particles of bulk materials will not be hammered into the mechanism, and the machine itself will last much longer.

How to assemble a vibrating plate on your own

Materials (edit)

Tool

Welding machine,
hammer,
with cut-off wheels,
a drill and a set of drills for metal to it,
set of wrenches,
tape measure and marker.

Step-by-step instructions for assembling a vibratory plate

A vibrating plate made in this way will have a mass of about 60 kg. For ease of transportation, you can add an axle with wheels to it.

Advice! If you want to increase the weight of the vibrating plate, you can weld several metal sheets or reinforcing rods to it.

Before the first start-up of the structure, check all its components for secure fastening, absence. damage and chips. Keep it clean and your homemade vibrating plate will last a very long time.

If you have chosen a gasoline engine for the mechanism, then you will have to clean the candles more often, check the oil level, and change the filters.

The first time the oil should be changed after 25 hours of operation, after that it can be changed after 80-100 hours. It is better to fill in oil when the engine is hot but turned off.

By making a vibrating plate with your own hands, you can save up to 10,000 rubles.

The vibrating plate is a multifunctional tool designed for compacting soil, asphalt or sand.

On household plots, the need to use this equipment arises in landscape design.

If the unit is planned to be used rarely, then it can be rented. A vibrating plate with your own hands will help save money.

Technical characteristics and working principle

The tool has a very simple design, and it will not be difficult to make it yourself. A vibrator for a vibrating plate is placed on a heavy base, which is connected to the engine using a belt drive. The rotary motion from the power plant of the tool is transmitted to the vibrator, which converts it into oscillatory, which leads to compaction of the soil.

With the help of a homemade vibrating plate, you can get an even dense coating. More sophisticated tools have a reverse function that allows them to be used in trenches.

Cast iron or steel is used as the material for the working plate. Among the main technical characteristics of the unit, it is worth noting:

All units can be divided into groups in accordance with the applied power plant. The most popular are gasoline tools, but for a personal plot you can make a vibrating plate with an electric motor with your own hands. There are no serious differences between these types of tools in terms of productivity and quality of work. The only one lack of electric vibrating plates - the need for power supply... There are also diesel units, but they have a high noise level.

The advantages of a homemade tool

Often, the owners of personal plots doubt the advisability of creating a vibrating plate with their own hands. It is worth remembering that a home-made device will work no worse than purchased counterparts. Among the main advantages of a self-assembled unit are the following:

All branded units of this type are quite expensive, and by making it yourself, you can save a lot. The quality of work performed with a homemade tool will be high. For the manufacture of a vibrating plate, the following materials are required:

Sheet metal 8 mm thick for making the base of the working platform.
Two channels.
Soft cushions made of elastic material (2 pcs.) For installation on the handles of the instrument.
Bolts for mounting the power unit.
The pipe is metal.

First, you have to decide whether the tool will be portable, or it is better to make a wheeled version. In the second case, 2 wheels should be added to the number of required materials. The portable unit is as simple as possible to manufacture and consists of 4 main elements: a power plant, an eccentric, a platform and a handle.

As an example, it is worth considering just this version of the tool, because it is perfect for use on a personal plot.

Procedure

The tool is assembled in the following sequence:

In a steel sheet, using a grinder, it is necessary to make blind cuts at a distance of 10-15 cm from each edge. As a result of the design, it will be possible to shape the skis. Otherwise, the tool will not be able to move on the ground and will constantly bury itself in it. The edges of the sheet are bent, and the joints are carefully welded.
A platform for the power plant is to be installed in the middle of the slab, and channels are best used as the material.
After installing the motor, it must be balanced. When the center of gravity is shifted during operation, the tool will constantly move towards the maximum weight, and significant physical efforts will have to be applied to hold it.
The power plant is selected based on personal preference. If possible, you can use an electric motor from decommissioned equipment, which will significantly save on the cost of the tool.

Since simple electric motors are not designed for lateral loads, unlike specialized power plants, it is necessary to consider purchasing spare bearings. In addition, it is necessary to strengthen the housing from the side of the eccentric installation. The final stage of work will be the installation of handles and dampers on them. Otherwise, there is a high risk of developing diseases of the wrist joints due to strong vibration during work.

Any rubber products or old car frame cushions can be an excellent material for dampers.

The vibrating plate is a multifunctional construction tool that effectively compacts surfaces of coarse and fine soil, sand or asphalt. The vibrating plate, as a tool, is indispensable when laying tiles on sidewalks and preparing the base during the formation of the foundation.

The advantage of a compact compactor at home is its size, it allows you to work in the most inconvenient areas, the dimensions of which do not allow using an industrial roller. Convenient and compact unit can be purchased or rented. But, if you have a large amount of work and plan to use a vibrating plate often, making a vibrating plate with your own hands is a very good option.

The principle of operation of the vibrating plate

To understand the principle of operation of the vibrating plate, it is necessary to consider its device. This tool has four main parts:

The base of the unit is a metal plate located at its foot. The vibrator is located in the central part of the plate, the engine is on top. The engine drives the vibrator through a clutch and V-belt drive. Then, in the vibrator, circular motions are transformed into vibrational ones.

From the vibrator, vibrational movements are transmitted to the plate, and from the plate directly into the ground. Thanks to this vibration and its mass, the unit performs the work - it compresses the soil of different density and thickness.

The base of the vibrating plates is made of steel or cast iron, the engines are powered by gasoline, electricity or diesel. Models due to different configurations they have different power engine, mass, vibration moment.

Scope of use of vibrating plates

The scope of use of the unit is repair and construction, lining of roads and sidewalks, arrangement of various sites and other works. Apply it both on an industrial scale and for home... The uniqueness of this mechanism is in its relatively small dimensions and the ability to work in those conditions in which bulky devices will not work. For example, laying a garden path or sidewalk in a private house.

With the help of the unit, asphalt, concrete, sand, ordinary soil on the lawn and gravel are compacted. Such a device is indispensable for laying sidewalks and roads. His work is carried out even in narrow pits and trenches. The advantage of completing the mechanism is reversing, this greatly simplifies the work on a small area where it is necessary to frequently turn around or overcome obstacles.

Characteristics of vibrating plates based on their weight

The mass of the plate is the most important indicator when choosing the right model or when buying parts for assembling a vibrating plate at home. The mass determines 70 percent of the productivity of the unit and its compliance when performing the work you need. Models are divided into four types by weight:

lightweight - weighing up to 70 kilograms;
universal - weighing from 71 to 90 kilograms;
medium-heavy - weighing from 91 to 140 kilograms;
heavy - with a mass of 141 kilograms.

The light type is optimal for work on the improvement of the local area, the maximum depth of the soil should not exceed 15 centimeters. Also this type used for work related to laying paving slabs, laying on the tracks damping mats made of polyurethane.

The middle type is used during the partial repair of the roadway using asphalt, laying tiles on the sidewalk. The maximum depth of the soil should not exceed 25 centimeters.

The medium and heavy type does an excellent job with more serious work, for example, laying the road surface in several layers. Using units of this type compacting trenches after backfilling and the perimeter of the foundation of a small house. The maximum soil layer for this type is 60 centimeters. Weight limit when paving asphalt is 100 kilograms.

When choosing the optimal mass of the vibrator, you need to pay attention to the engine power. A weak motor mounted on a massive slab can frustrate you during your work plan. Such an aggregate will sink into the soil layer and will require the use of extra effort from the person doing the work. This discrepancy will be especially critical for models of 3 and 4 types.

When buying or manufacturing a vibrating plate, it is necessary to calculate this ratio. An example of an irrational ratio is a plate weighing 140 - 175 kilograms and a 6 hp engine installed on it. An example of the correct ratio is 5 hp per 100 kilograms. engine.

General characteristics of vibrators

Additional indicators when choosing units include:

Working surface area.
Vibration Effort.
Engine power and type of fuel consumed.

These indicators determine the density of the vibratory rammer, as well as ease of control and operation.

Working surface area - this characteristic determines the pressure of your plate per one unit of the surface of the treated soil. At a surface with a small area, this value will be less. The parameter should not exceed 0.3... The highest performance is shown by models with a cast iron base; for bases made of other materials, this figure is less.

Vibration force is a measure of the vibration power of the base mechanism. For dense coatings and soils, this characteristic should be as high as possible. Since with weak shocks, hard soil will not be compacted to the required density.

By the type of fuel used, engines are gasoline, electric and diesel. Vibratory plate using a gasoline engine among specialists it is the most demanded and convenient... The unit with a gasoline engine has a lower price when compared to a diesel unit, and it works in all weather and industrial conditions.

The electrically driven plate compactor has a lower cost than diesel or gasoline, while its performance and power are at the same level. The disadvantage is that access to the electrical grid is not available everywhere.

The diesel-driven unit is the most expensive, but the fuel for it is cheaper compared to the gasoline unit. The disadvantage of this type of drive is the high noise level.

The drive power determines the ability of the vibratory plate to move on a slope and on a viscous surface. The higher this characteristic, the easier the unit moves on the surface. The powerful engine moves forward by itself and does not require additional efforts from the employee. At a low power rating the slab will bury itself in the ground, especially when working on a slope. The exception is models from the first type by weight, in which the weight of the plate and the engine power correspond to each other.

Useful additions when choosing a vibratory plate

In addition to the main characteristics, there are necessary additions to the mechanisms that facilitate the use of the vibrating plate. One such addition is the presence of a folding handle and wheels for transportation... These functions are not necessary for use and control, but they help a lot when transporting the unit.

A good functional addition is the irrigation system, with the help of which the compaction of the asphalt unit is easily accomplished. If you compact asphalt without an irrigation system, the rammer will stick to the surface of the asphalt.

The presence of a cover for the clutch and belt will extend the life of your unit... A cover is necessary to protect the mechanism from ingress of pieces of soil or a compacted surface during operation.

The ability to move in reverse with a vibrating rammer. This addition will significantly speed up and facilitate the work of the unit in hard-to-reach and oversized areas.

The process of making a vibrating plate with your own hands and self-design is quite simple, since the mechanism is not complicated by its design.

The vibrating plate consists of the following elements:

Having purchased the necessary materials, proceed to the assembly, while you will not need a drawing.

For the convenience of transporting a homemade vibrating plate, you need to weld a piece of pipe to it, on which you then need to install the wheels. The weight of the finished device will be about 60 kilograms, so the wheels will not be superfluous. Fix the wheels so that they can be easily dismantled and mounted by hand if necessary.

Rules for operating your plate compactor with an installed gasoline engine

In order to increase the service life of your vibrating plate with an installed gasoline engine, you must follow a number of rules:

Home craftsmen perform construction work as economically as possible. In this case, a pre-assembled homemade tool helps. Components for it are usually selected from scrap materials. Recently, a do-it-yourself assembled vibrating plate with an electric motor has been in demand. It is used for laying paving slabs, compacting shallow soil, in the process of laying the foundation.

The main components of the vibratory plate structure

Before making a vibrating plate on your own in a garage, you will need to prepare a diagram or even draw up drawings to scale in order to simplify further assembly. The main components in the design are the following parts:

frame frame;
base metal platform;
electric motor;
transmission system;
suspension;
management block.

The base plate is selected from thick-walled steel sheet or from ductile iron, so that material destruction does not occur during operation. This is facilitated by the relative toughness of the metal and minimal brittleness. Cast iron of dubious quality with a large number of cracks or casting cavities is strictly not allowed for assembly. When working with sand and gravel mixtures, it will collapse from external influences.

The thickest sheet metal will be needed to make the sole and weight for the eccentric.

It is important to have the initially correct geometric dimensions of the base, since if you make a vibrating plate with your own hands in accordance with this rule, then the platform will self-clean from soil adhesion. The area is also selected to be optimal, without unreasonable increase. A small working surface contributes to a high-quality compaction of the site.

Popular drawings show a fairly simple device for a homemade vibrating plate with an electric motor. According to the kinematic scheme, a vibrator is based on the platform, and an electric motor is mounted above it. To connect these elements to each other, a V-belt transmission or a coupling is provided. In fact, the motor provides the rotation transmitted to the vibrator, and it then forms the oscillatory process.

The received energy is given to the slab, and from it is transferred to the compacted soil. During compaction for paving slabs or for other purposes, particles of material fill the voids in the embankment. The result is a dense, even coating.

Types of plates used

Self-made designs require a power plant that provides the main work. Three types of motors are often used:

diesel;
petrol;
electro 220V.

Diesel engines are appropriate when a lot of effort is constantly required. In everyday life, they are unjustified. Although it is not uncommon to find a vibratory plate from a walk-behind tractor with an installed two-stroke motor.

Apparatus with a gasoline engine, like previous designs, are autonomous, but extremely noisy in operation. An economical engine with a power of several watts is selected for them.

The optimal solution for many is an electric vibrating plate assembled by hand. It is enough to bring electricity to the place of work on the site and you can start compacting the soil. The positive factor is the absence of exhaust gases during the process.

According to the classification, it is customary to divide products into several groups:

lungs - weight less than 70 kg;
universal - up to 90 kg;
medium weight - 90-140 kg;
heavy group - over 140 kg.

The first group is appropriate for processing the adjacent territory, where it is supposed to press a layer of no more than 15 cm.Universal actual for processing 25 cm.Heavy devices are designed for 50-60 cm.

The larger the compacted layer, the heavier the machine must be

It is important to correctly select the electric motor for the vibratory plate. After all, a too weak model on a massive slab will sink in soil layers. The optimal ratio is considered to be when 5 hp are used per 100 kg of mass. or 3.7 kW.

Preparing the required kit

To make a vibrating plate at home or in a garage, you do not need to look for any rare or expensive parts. In the process, the following tools will be in demand:

welding machine and a pack of electrodes 3 mm in diameter;
half a kilogram hammer;
angle grinder with discs for metal;
a set of wrenches and screwdrivers.

The components for the device will include the following set:

A platform engine with the ability to be connected to a household power grid of 220 V. A new vibrator for a vibrating plate will be quite expensive, so it is recommended to purchase Soviet devices at disassembly or radio markets. Sometimes craftsmen even mount motors from old washing machines, but the disadvantage of this method is the inability to adjust vibration.

Sheet metal with a thickness of 8-10 mm. The area is selected taking into account the fact that the edges will be bent. The optimal parameter for living conditions is 50x80 cm plus a bend allowance. You can find a sheet on metal sites.
A pair of 80 mm channels or pieces of a building profile that will be welded across the structure. They are needed to secure and hold the electric motor.
Metal pipe with a diameter of 20 mm. Its length is calculated based on the height of the user. A handle for an average height will be optimal 120 cm, so you will need about 3 m of workpiece.
A set of hardware for fastening the motor, including bolts M10-M12, nuts to them, necessarily lock washers to minimize the effect of vibration.

It will be possible to reduce the degree of influence of vibration on the operator with the help of built-in accessories. Automotive suspension elements are often used for this. Without them, everything will also work, but the operator will get tired faster.

VIDEO: Making a vibrating plate with your own hands, step by step, with errors and their solution

DIY step-by-step algorithm for assembling a vibrating plate

At the initial stage, a base site is prepared from a metal sheet using a grinder and a welding machine. We measure 10 cm from the front and back edges and we wash down the angle grinder to half the sheet thickness of 4-5 mm. Using a hammer or hammer, bend the workpiece along this line by about 30-40 degrees. Such a slide will reduce the likelihood of the platform burrowing into the ground, and will also allow the unit to be moved in the desired direction.

The cuts should be reinforced with welding. Using electrodes, we form an internal stiffening rib that fixes the bend in the desired position. We place the channels across the course so that their approximate axis corresponds to the distance of the engine mounts. We weld the strips to the inner surface.

There are two ways to mount the motor. In the first case, drilled holes in the channel are used to thread the bolts through them. In the second case, the bolts are welded to the channels and the engine is placed on top. This method is considered more reliable, however, it requires very strict observance of the center-to-center distances.

When installing the electric motor on the site, it is worth knowing that the Soviet IV-98 models have an internal eccentric for the vibrating plate. It can be adjusted to the optimum vibration force parameters. We tighten the nuts, having previously thrown the growers under them.

The crucial step is attaching the handle. To damp vibration on it, silent blocks from domestic or foreign cars are useful. We weld the L-shaped elements to the bent part of the site. We put on rubber elements on them, through which the handle will be connected.

At home, it is possible to assemble a model weighing 40-50 kg. This is enough for pressing 10-12 cm of soil.

During long-term operation of a home-made machine, individual parts of the electrical circuit may overheat, so it is necessary to use an RCD.

VIDEO: How the Germans are preparing the site for laying paving slabs, paving stones

The vibrating plate can be a useful tool in your home garden. If you do not plan to carry out a large number of work on compacting the soil, then the unit can be rented. However, with frequent use, it is advisable to make a vibrating plate with your own hands. It has a fairly simple design, and the manufacturing process does not take much time, and also does not require large financial investments.

Scope and principle of operation

Vibratory plates are actively used during construction and repair work of varying complexity, for example, when laying roads or sidewalks, etc. The unit has a small size, which allows it to be used in hard-to-reach places, including trenches. The tool design consists of four main elements:

A work plate made of steel or cast iron.
Vibrator.
Frames.
Power plant.

The base of the unit is a massive plate, in the center of which there is a vibrator. It is connected to the power plant using a V-belt drive or clutch. A vibrator is needed to convert rotary motion into oscillatory motion. Internal combustion engines or electric motors can be used as the power plant of the unit.

Main technical characteristics

The most important characteristic of the unit is the weight of the work plate. It determines about 70% of the total productivity of a homemade vibrating plate, as well as the suitability of the tool to the work performed. Depending on this indicator, it is customary to distinguish four categories of aggregates:

Lightweight - weight does not exceed 75 kg.
Universal - the stove weighs 75-140 kg.
Medium - weight is in the range of 90-140 kg.
Heavy - slab weight exceeds 140 kg.

For home use, it is quite enough to make a vibratory rammer of the first category with your own hands. Also, the power of the power plant has a great influence on the productivity and quality of work performed. The optimum ratio of weight and power is 5 liters. with. for every 100 kg of weight.

Among the additional characteristics of the unit, three should be distinguished:

Vibration Force - Indicates the vibration power of the foundation.
Dimensions of the working plate - determines the base pressure per unit of the treated surface and this indicator should not be less than 0.3.
Type of power unit - electric, gasoline and diesel engines can be installed on vibrating plates.

Manufacturing instruction

A do-it-yourself vibrating plate with an electric motor will save a lot, since industrial units have a fairly high cost. The design of the tool is not very complex, and you can make it yourself quickly enough. Among the necessary materials and spare parts, it should be noted:

From this entire list, wheels can be considered optional, but thanks to them, transporting the tool will become easier. You can also make a do-it-yourself tamper for soil compaction with a reverse, which will make it easier to work on narrow or small areas of land.

On a steel sheet, a grinder should make 2 cuts on both sides with a depth of 5 mm. They should be symmetrically positioned about 10 mm from the edge. Then the edges of the sheet should be bent, giving it the shape of skis, in order to avoid burying the plate during work. The cuts must be welded, thereby fixing their position.

The vibrator is mounted on channels that should not protrude beyond the level of the working plate. It is necessary to weld channels securely, and therefore, it is advisable to place the welding lines across. The distance between them is selected in accordance with the location of the mounting holes on the power plant.

The pipe will be needed to make handles, to which you then need to attach soft pillows. Without them, it will be extremely inconvenient to work with the tool, because the strong vibration will make it difficult to hold the plate. If the unit uses an electrical power unit, no special maintenance is required.

The same cannot be said for the gasoline internal combustion engine. Always check that all connections are secure before starting work. It is extremely important to periodically clean the candles from carbon deposits. to increase the service life. There should not be more than 25 working hours between the first and second oil change. Subsequent replacement can be done after 80 or even 100 hours.