A healthy, flowering garden, bringing a rich harvest largely depends on proper, quality care, especially in the spring. The time to awaken all life is important and troublesome for gardeners. Perform all work depending on weather conditions and climatic zone.

First work in the garden

Work in the garden begins with the liberation of the branches of the plantations from melt snow, if at the end of winter rainfall was abundant. From the spring sun, the snow becomes loose and heavy, it can easily break thin branches. To avoid this, shake it off. If the branches have already bent and fell, erect supports to support them.

The following tip is relevant for slopes. So that the meltwater lingers, and the flood does not erode the soil, build shafts of snow across the slope.

Stock up with melt water - it is rich in useful trace elements. For this, the containers need to be filled with snow and added as it melts.

With the advent of spring, not only vegetation wakes up - rodents and pests are ready to activate. Inspect existing bait poisons; if necessary, prepare new ones.

Snow has disappeared - start cleaning the garden. Collect old leaves and other debris, get rid of weeds if they appeared.

Whitewashing - protecting horticultural crops

How to whiten trees

Before the snow melts completely and the trees “wake up”, select a dry day and whitewash.

Before work, prepare the trees with damage: clean the trunk with a brush, remove the dead bark, at the same time wintering and remaining pests will be destroyed. Growths, lichens are also cleaned off. Coat all opened cracks with garden var. Whitewash after completely drying the treated areas.

Early whitewashing is a double benefit to the tree:

1. It will prevent burns that may appear on the bark from bright spring rays, therefore only white is used.
2. Protects the tree trunk from pests.

Which solution to apply, choose for yourself. Rain is not terrible for acrylic paint - this whitewash is the most persistent. You can use special store solutions and self-prepared, with the addition of any adhesive.

How to whiten fruit trees

The most common is lime whitewashing:

• 2.5 kg of lime is bred on a bucket of water;
• half a liter of copper sulfate;
• wood glue is added - 200 grams so that the solution on the tree lasts longer.

Whitewash based on manure and lime:

• 1 kg of lime and manure;
• 200 grams of copper sulfate;
• mix these components in 8 l of water, leave for about 2 hours.

Clay-based whitewash solution:

• mix 10 kg of oily clay in 10 l of water;
• 2 kg of slaked lime;
• shovel of cow manure;
• 250 grams of copper sulfate.

Insist 2 hours. Blanch young trees with a mixture of chalk and the base, under this solution the bark will breathe freely.

Spraying trees and shrubs in the garden

Caring for the garden in the spring is a mandatory prevention of pests and disease control.

When to process trees

Treat fruit crops with special preparations at least 3 times:

• before the growing season (swelling of the kidneys);
• before flowering;
• 7-10 days after flowering.

How to spray fruit trees

Early spraying of trees with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate, urea, (urea) will save plants from many problems. There are other means of processing: chemical, combined, but the above are effective and one of the most budgetary. Which drug to choose is decided by the gardener.

1. Start the first treatment when the temperature has reached 5 ° C heat. During this period, spraying will destroy successfully overwintered pests.
2. The use of special preparations before flowering will help protect buds, cope with pest larvae and fungal diseases.
3. The following treatment is needed to destroy the emerging insects and fruit rot.

Remember that during flowering, spraying trees is not recommended.

Tree feeding

Garden care includes spring top dressing of trees, contributing to nutrition and improving soil quality. All the necessary elements for plant growth are obtained through mineral fertilizers, so do not forget about them every year. Organic: compost, peat, manure is enough to use once every 2 to 3 years. Usually in the spring the soil is fed with nitrogen, and in the fall manure, phosphorus, and potassium are used.

Fertilization dates

Apply the first fertilizer in March. Mineral mixtures dissolve well, they can be sprinkled on snow. Together with melt water, nutrients are absorbed into the earth. On a plot with a slope, such top dressing will not be effective: it will be carried away by melt water.

Another option is relevant for all fruit crops: bring in 2/3 of the dose of nitrogen fertilizers when you dig the trunk circles.

Dosage of organic and mineral fertilizers for the garden

Be attentive to the fertilizer application process: fruiting trees will be adversely affected by both a deficiency and an excess of minerals. For example, the non-standardization of such a useful element as nitrogen can affect frost resistance and overall plant growth.

More accurate fertilizer application data are shown in the table.

  Table 1. Dose of fertilizer per fruit tree

Planting year	Barrel circle diameter, m	Organic fertilizers, kg	Mineral fertilizers, g
			Nitrogen	Phosphorus	Potassium
2nd	2,0	6	10	10	15
3rd, 4th	2,5	10	20	20	30
5th, 6th	3,0	15	30	30	45
7th, 8th	3,5	20	60	40	60
9th, 10th	4,0	25	75	50	75
11th, 12th	5,0	40	120	80	150

In addition to mineral fertilizers for feeding, use organic matter: manure and compost. Rotten manure improves soil properties. Clay in structure become less viscous, and light, loose increase their moisture capacity. Organic fertilizers not only positively affect the soil, but also nourish with useful elements.

Valentina Kravchenko, expert

How to fertilize plants

Do not feed young plants, begin this useful process from the second year of the life of trees.

When applying fertilizer, consider the following factors:

• plants better absorb the liquid form of fertilizers;
• do not fertilize near the trunk: roots that absorb nutrients are located around the perimeter of the branches;
• lay fertilizer in the evening or on a cloudy day;
• so that the roots do not get burned, moisten the soil first, only then apply liquid fertilizers;
• keep the earth near the tree in a loose state, so the plant “breathes” better;
• after applying dry fertilizers, water the near-trunk section along with top dressing.

Trimming - effective sanitation

Trees and shrubs that were not trimmed during their growth look worse, age faster, and their productivity decreases.

When to prune fruit trees

Finish all cropping work before the kidneys begin to swell. Before performing the procedure, wait until the temperature column does not drop to minus 5 ° C and night frosts to minus 10 ° C will not return.

During pruning, material is also collected for subsequent grafting of fruit trees. Selected shoots are cut, grafted immediately or stored in a cool dark place until sap flow.

The basics of successful pruning garden plants

• pruning start before the sap flow;
• first of all, free the tree from shoots damaged during the cold weather, this is an extra load that only impedes the development of the plant;
• remove dry and broken branches;
• coat the slices with garden varieties if branches with a diameter of more than 15 cm are cut;
• first, cultivate fruiting plants, and young growth 10-15 days later.

Care and planting seedlings

Inspection and treatment of trees in spring

If the frost recedes, remove the insulation from the poles. Inspect the trees, whether they have been preserved intact, whether rodents have reached them.

If injured, treat the tree:

1. Strip the bark, damaged by mice, and treat with iron sulphate (for this a 5% solution is taken), then coat with garden varnish.
2. The tree that the hares got to takes more serious damage. In this case, apply vaccinations "bridge".

Planting seedlings in spring

Start planting in the garden in the spring, as soon as the snow recedes, 2 weeks before the growing season. Until the trees “wake up” the planting will be more efficient.

• Check the soil so that it is not frozen, seedlings in such a land will not survive.
• Dip the roots of the tree in a clay mash, this will strengthen the adhesion of the bottom of the tree to the ground.
• Prepare pits for new plants in the fall, then you can fill them with fertilizers.
• If fertilizers were not applied before winter, then fill the rotten manure to the bottom of the pit where you are planting the tree. After some time after planting, apply nitrogen-based fertilizer.

A good spring care will affect how the trees and shrubs will be prepared for the new season. A responsible approach to work in the garden will provide a high result - a well-groomed, beautiful, healthy, fruitful garden.

Related articles

Plant protection against freezing

Typically, this treatment of fruit trees lasts for several years, about one or two years. If you still don’t do this, then a pruned tree with a high degree of probability can begin to secrete a large amount of gum (resin), which will adversely affect its development. If over the past year there have been few new branches, then it is more correct to prune the tree only to the side branches.

Rodents - pests of sleeping plants

Fertilizer

Spring Garden Care: Spring Work

Subject to these rules for the care of fruit trees, you can ensure a long-term supply of vitamins for the winter, as well as a healthy and beautiful garden on the site.

Pruning trees

During the first 4 - 5 years, fertilizers are applied to the near-stem circle (its diameter should be expanded as the trees or shrubs grow). If trees are planted in rows, then over time you need to fertilize completely the planting strip to the aisle. If the trees are planted separately, then top dressing is performed according to the projection of the crown (the length of the shadow from the crown at noon will show an approximate arial of the root system.   Another option is relevant for all fruit crops: bring in 2/3 of the dose of nitrogen fertilizers when you dig the trunk circles.

250 grams of copper sulfate.

Protects the tree trunk from pests.

After the snow melts and the establishment of stable warm weather, the fallen leaves are removed and burned.

Caring for a garden in early spring includes a lot of work. One of the important events is the grafting of fruit crops, which is performed before the swelling of the kidneys.

Outside the window, frost is cracking. Snow covered the ground. It seems that trees and shrubs do not need care. But this is not at all true. At any time of the year, plants require attention. Caring for the garden in the early spring involves a lot of very important work. Their implementation affects the future harvest and the full development of garden crops. But before that, plants should winter. At this time, there are many points that should not be missed.

Experienced gardeners are extremely advised not to cut a lot of branches near the cherry.

Tree grafting

How to care for a garden
  The basis of fruit tree fertilizer is organic fertilizer. Typically, well-caked or composted manure is used; in autumn it is introduced into the soil to a depth of 10-15 cm or over the entire cultivation area under the trees, sometimes according to the diameter of the crowns for each tree. Lighter soils are fertilized annually or a year later, and heavy soils are fertilized every 3-4 years. Under weakly growing trees make large doses of fertilizer. Instead of manure introduced in autumn, often in spring, compost can also be used. Dry bird droppings (100-200 g per 1 m2) are also used.

HOW TO CARE FOR THE GARDEN

Fertilizing fruit trees in autumn is the best option. The soil before fertilizing should be carefully loosened, without digging in. Organics are introduced to a depth of 15 - 20 cm along with phosphorus and potash fertilizers.

Be attentive to the fertilizer application process: fruiting trees will be adversely affected by both a deficiency and an excess of minerals. For example, the non-standardization of such a useful element as nitrogen can affect frost resistance and overall plant growth.

Planting trees and shrubs

Insist 2 hours. Blanch young trees with a mixture of chalk and the base, under this solution the bark will breathe freely.

Preventive actions

Which solution to apply, choose for yourself. Rain is not terrible for acrylic paint - this whitewash is the most persistent. You can use special store solutions and self-prepared, with the addition of any adhesive.

A detailed story about the main garden work needed in the spring. Tips for trimming, top dressing, planting fruit trees and other necessary work at this time of the year.

There are several such ways. Among them, grafting by cuttings into a split or behind the bark is popular and often used. They are harvested at the beginning of the winter period, before the onset of severe frosts. For vaccination, shoots of annual growths are suitable. The cuttings used for this event have three or four kidneys. As a rule, the first will be stone fruit, and then pome crops. For young trees, the grafting zone is no more than two meters above the soil surface, and for shoots - one and a half meters from the trunk. Branch cut diameter:

In early December, attention is paid to young trees and shrubs.

Pruning dry branches in spring

Source
  At the same time as organic fertilizers, mineral and chemical fertilizers should be applied to the soil. If green plants are grown under the trees, the dose of manure or compost can be reduced by half.

Before spring, fruit tree trunks are rubbed with milk of lime. In addition, the white color reflects the sun's rays, which avoids overheating during intense sun exposure and a sharp drop in temperature at night, especially below zero.

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Garden care in the spring: milestones, tricks, videos, photos

Nitrogen fertilizers are best applied in parts in the spring and in the first half of summer. Their introduction in the second half of summer can cause a second wave of shoot growth or delay the growth of the latter and the maturation of wood. Such trees do not have time to prepare for the winter and even with small frosts, unripe shoots of trees freeze, which can cause the death of trees.

More accurate fertilizer application data are shown in the table.

Caring for the garden in the spring is a mandatory prevention of pests and disease control.

First work in the garden

2.5 kg of lime is bred on a bucket of water;

Spring work in the garden - the prevention of plant diseases and the guarantee of a good harvest

- for stone fruit crops - 3 cm;

In order for them to winter well, it is necessary to follow the warming of the trunks of plants. As a heater, you can use snow, which is distributed under the trees, around the bush and compacted. It will be protection against frost and rodents. Throughout the winter, the hilling of plants continues with snow.

In early April, the entire harness is removed from the tree stands. After they are thoroughly bleached with lime. For this purpose, it is possible to use both a water-dispersible or a water-based paint and a lime solution. The main thing is that the trunk and the beginning of the branches turn out white, the coating does not wash off for a long time and allows the bark to freely “breathe”. To do this, add substances such as PVA glue or casein to the main component of the mixture so that the whitewashing of fruit trees in spring is more durable. You can also use green or laundry soap, milk or clay. All these tools provide reliable adhesion of the solution to the base.

Whitewashing - protecting horticultural crops

How to whiten trees

Series of messages "Fruit trees":

One tree aged 2-3 years requires 12-15 kg of fertilizer; every year the dose of fertilizers increases, i.e. for an eight-year-old tree it requires 40-50 kg, and older trees with a crown diameter of 6 m consume 120-160 kg of fertilizer.

A moisture-proof bowl around the tree in spring is covered with dry soil, compost, peat or plant debris, this prevents the rapid evaporation of moisture.

1. Fertilizer doses depend on the fertility and soil composition of your region.
2. Care for fruit trees in the fall is the key to a long and comfortable life of fruit plants for many years to come. Therefore, you should start caring for the garden from its very bookmark and throughout the life of the plants.

Treat fruit crops with special preparations at least 3 times:

How to whiten fruit trees

• Half a liter of copper sulfate;
• A healthy, flowering garden, bringing a rich harvest largely depends on proper, quality care, especially in the spring. The time to awaken all life is important and troublesome for gardeners. Perform all work depending on weather conditions and climatic zone.
• - for pome crops - 5-6 cm.

Garden care in winter and spring provides for various activities. And each of them has their own deadlines. In winter, they pay attention to protecting trees from rodents. Mice and hares can damage tree bark. Annual and biennial crops are particularly affected. Tree trunk protect in the autumn. It is wrapped with various materials. At the end of winter, drugs are used that will scare away rodents. They are placed around the trees.

• In spring, trees more than ever need "medical" help.
• Part 1 - Sea Buckthorn
• Mineral fertilizers are used taking into account the reaction of the soil, age and fruitfulness of the tree. In autumn, when plowing the soil, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are usually applied so that these substances are already absorbed during the growing season. With the onset of spring, nitrogen fertilizers are added. You can use combined fertilizers in the fall and spring, which gives a tangible effect. During the growing process, nitrogenous fertilizers are additionally applied, and they are applied shallowly into the soil.

During the growing season, especially during dry periods, fruit trees are carefully and abundantly watered. Watering often, but little by little, is useless. Moisture does not reach the roots, lingering in the surface layer of the earth, on which a crust then forms. To retain moisture around the tree, even before its flowering begins, it is useful to lay peat, straw manure or grass with a layer of 5-10 cm.

• In the first year after planting, trees are watered 4–5 times per season at the rate of 20–30 liters under one tree for each watering. In subsequent years, watering can be less often, as necessary, and the amount of water can be increased by 10 - 20 liters per year for the life of the tree.
• Content:
• Before the growing season (swelling of the kidneys);
• Wood glue is added - 200 grams so that the solution on the tree lasts longer.

Work in the garden begins with the liberation of the branches of the plantations from melt snow, if at the end of winter rainfall was abundant. From the spring sun, the snow becomes loose and heavy, it can easily break thin branches. To avoid this, shake it off. If the branches have already bent and fell, erect supports to support them.

Spraying trees and shrubs in the garden

All operations are performed on the day of vaccination. The junction of the handle with a tree branch is wrapped with insulating tape, which can be removed three or four weeks after the operation or left until next spring.

When to process trees

With the onset of March, the hot season for gardeners begins. This is a crucial period. With the beginning of snow melting and with the first streams, work is intensified on personal plots or cottages. How to organize garden care in the spring? What to do in the first days of March? During this period, the snow becomes loose. It is gradually melting, and there is no need to accelerate this process. An exception is the snowdrifts that completely cover the bushes. So that when the snow melts, it does not damage the branches, it is raked, freeing the plants.

• After cold weather, wounds often appear on their bark due to the destructive effects of rodents, cold winds and frosts. And these wounds need to be treated on time. To this end, they are rubbed to healthy wood with a purchased nigrol-based garden putty (gear oil). Then disinfection is carried out using copper sulfate per 10 liters of water, 300 g of the main component. Next, apply another layer - garden var. If you want to close up the hollows that appear in the trees, then they should be well cleaned of dust, filled with gravel and pour with a solution based on cement. Effective spring care for fruit trees involves this procedure.
• Part 2 - Pruning Trees

How to spray fruit trees

In that year, when the soil is fertilized with the full volume of compost or manure, the dose of mineral fertilizers is reduced by half. If the trees grow too violently, and the shoots ripen poorly, the amount of nitrogenous fertilizers applied is reduced, and more phosphoric and sulfuric fertilizers are added. If previous crops are grown under trees, the amount of fertilizer applied should be increased in accordance with their need.

1. Care of the crown during the period when productive and lean years alternate and the growth of annual shoots decreases. Moderate rejuvenation: a) cutting branches bent in a semicircle; 6) pruning of thick branches
2. The first spring watering is carried out before the flowering of the tree, during flowering or immediately after it.
3. 1.5 More on the topic:

7-10 days after flowering.

Tree feeding

Whitewash based on manure and lime:

Fertilization dates

The following tip is relevant for slopes. So that the meltwater lingers, and the flood does not erode the soil, build shafts of snow across the slope.

Caring for a garden in early spring is not only an event that ensures excellent growth of planted plants. At this time, young trees and shrubs can be planted. This event is carried out before budding. In the spring, planting material of crops with insufficient winter-hardiness is planted. After planting, they provide constant soil moisture.

Dosage of organic and mineral fertilizers for the garden

The main condition of this event is the air temperature. Do not perform work if the street is cold. In the event that the thermometer recorded readings below minus ten degrees Celsius, trees should not be cut. Features of climatic zones make adjustments to the care of the garden in the spring.

Effective tree protection can not do without such a procedure as spraying from various kinds of pests. It should be planned for early spring, but carried out at a temperature in the street of at least + 5 ° C. The first time after winter, plum, apple and pear trees are sprayed in mid-March, before buds appear on the branches.

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Fruit tree care in the fall.

To feed weakly growing trees, it is allowed to apply liquid fertilizers during the growing season. Fermented bird or rabbit droppings diluted in 10 parts of water are useful, for example. You can use a solution of complete fertilizers that dissolve well in water. These liquid fertilizers are poured into grooves 10-15 cm deep around the crown circumference. After the liquid is absorbed into the soil, the grooves are leveled.

• If a tree does not bloom in the spring, it must be dug out of the ground, the roots shortened, and for a few days (best in the cellar) lower the roots into the water or cover them with moist earth. Only after it turns green can it be re-planted in the ground.

Care for a young garden

The second - until the fall of the ovaries in June,

Pruning

Starting to properly care for the young garden, you can provide your trees and shrubs with optimal conditions for growth and fruiting, and yourself a cozy cellar with an abundance of vitamins for the winter. The main work on caring for fruit trees is carried out in the fall, however, some attention should be paid to fruit plants during the summer season.

• Early spraying of trees with Bordeaux liquid or copper sulfate, urea, (urea) will save plants from many problems. There are other means of processing: chemical, combined, but the above are effective and one of the most budgetary. Which drug to choose is decided by the gardener.
• 1 kg of lime and manure;

When to prune fruit plants

Stock up with melt water - it is rich in useful trace elements. For this, the containers need to be filled with snow and added as it melts.

Fertilizing fruit trees and shrubs

One of the important agricultural practices is the control of pests and diseases. Caring for the garden in early spring is the best time of the year for this. Chemical treatment of plants will require practical skills and knowledge from gardeners. Without plant protection, it is impossible to grow a healthy and full-fledged crop.

• Proper pruning is carried out before the swelling of the kidneys. It is performed on sunny days at zero air temperature.

Spraying fruit trees

Part 21 - HOW TO GROW A KING - AN APPLE

Lime is added to the soil in accordance with its reaction. It is especially necessary for stone fruits; berry crops are less demanding in this regard. It should not be overlooked that calcium fertilizers and manure, as well as superphosphate and chemical nitrogen fertilizers, cannot be administered simultaneously.

During the growing season, especially after rain (before the formation of a dried earth crust), the soil around the tree must be finely loosened several times. Loosening is necessary in May-July, when shoots and fruits are formed mainly. In August and September, the soil is not disturbed, which provides better ripening and staining of the fruit.

Watering

Third, if the summer was arid and watering is necessary, 2 to 3 weeks before the fruits of the summer varieties of apples and pears ripen.

1. The main function of pruning fruit trees is the formation of the future crown, its shape and location of skeletal branches. In doing so, certain conditions must be observed.
2. Start the first treatment when the temperature has reached 5 ° C heat. During this period, spraying will destroy successfully overwintered pests.
3. 200 grams of copper sulfate;

With the advent of spring, not only vegetation wakes up - rodents and pests are ready to activate. Inspect existing bait poisons; if necessary, prepare new ones.

Protection of fruit trees from pests and diseases

Spraying fruit and berry crops can be divided into three stages:

1. The first to prune fruit trees, whose flower buds are ahead of leaf awakening. This event provides for the removal of:
2. Part 22 - For fertilizing the garden - Urea

In acute deficiency of nutrients, when their supply from the soil is somehow limited (waterlogged ground, damaged roots), it is recommended to spray the leaves with a nutrient solution. 400 g of ammonium nitrate with limestone or 500-600 g of urea, 500-600 g of potassium bisulfate and an extract of 3-4 kg of superphosphate are dissolved in 10 l of water. The most favorable for such spraying is the period after flowering. With a clear lack of nutrients, spraying is repeated one or two more times after 10-14 days. As necessary, such sprayings are combined with spraying against diseases and pests of trees.

idei-dlia-dachi.com

Fruit tree care throughout the year

In autumn, the earth is dug up around a tree to a depth of no more than 10 cm, and in row spacing - up to 15 cm. Around the tree, digging is carried out only with a pitchfork, which does not damage the roots so much. Even better than loosening, shallow digging. In summer, loosening the earth is generally not recommended. After the soil dries in the spring, it is treated with the back of the rake (also in order to reduce moisture loss from evaporation).

Watering dates for fruit trees are in September for autumn root growth, and later, winter, for charging the soil with moisture.

The main - skeletal branches should extend from the trunk at an angle of 45 - 60 degrees. Therefore, the correct pruning of fruit trees implies the removal of extra branches that do not meet this condition.

The use of special preparations before flowering will help protect buds, cope with pest larvae and fungal diseases.

Mix these components in 8 l of water, leave for about 2 hours.

Snow has disappeared - start cleaning the garden. Collect old leaves and other debris, get rid of weeds if they appeared.

Before the swelling of the kidneys;

- damaged, frozen shoots;

This is due to the fact that it is here that most often various harmful organisms hide during the winter. It is useful for a gardener who has not yet gained experience to know how the correct spraying of trees occurs, in the sense of what kind of work needs to be done and how to apply the solution to the surface of the trunk.

Part 23 - Caring for fruit trees throughout the year

Protection against diseases and pests

Deep rejuvenation of the crowns of old trees a) cutting angle at the apple tree; 6) the pear; c) apple tree after pruning. 1 - a branch going to the side at the end of a shortened branch; 2 - a small, horizontally walking fruitful branch on the upper branch; 3 - thinner branch, obliquely going towards the lower branch

Protection of the garden from pests and diseases must be carried out regularly by all existing methods - agricultural, biological and chemical.

In each tier of the crown, skeletal branches should be evenly distributed around the trunk. If there are two branches, the angle of difference between them is 180 degrees, and if there are three branches, then - 120.

The following treatment is needed to destroy the emerging insects and fruit rot.

Clay-based whitewash solution:

Before the snow melts completely and the trees “wake up”, select a dry day and whitewash.

Before flowering;

- branches growing inside the crown;

When spraying fruit trees, special attention is paid to places on the trunk where cracks are noticeable.

Planting seedlings, vaccination, etc.

The best defense is prevention. If you create good conditions for fruit plants and take care of them accordingly, they will not cause the gardener much trouble.

To enrich the soil with humus, various plants can be grown under fruit trees. For this purpose, field peas, fodder vetch, white mustard, buckwheat, phacelia, white clover, multifloral chaff, annual ryegrass, etc., are most suitable for this purpose, and lupine on sandy soils.

Set traps for pests,

If you planted a seedling in early spring, then pruning fruit trees in the fall will greatly facilitate the further formation of plant crowns. Autumn seedlings can also be trimmed in the fall in a year. The optimal conditions for pruning fruit and ornamental trees and shrubs are the period of sleep, that is, when the plant has not yet awakened in the early spring or has already reduced its activity in late autumn. At this time, the plant tolerates pruning injuries more easily.
Remember that during flowering, spraying trees is not recommended.

Mix 10 kg of oily clay in 10 l of water;

Before work, prepare the trees with damage: clean the trunk with a brush, remove the dead bark, at the same time wintering and remaining pests will be destroyed. Growths, lichens are also cleaned off. Coat all opened cracks with garden var. Whitewash after completely drying the treated areas.
A week after flowering.

- branches that impede the development of the crown.
First of all, with the onset of spring, it is necessary to ensure proper care in spring for fruit trees. To do this, help clean their trunk with a brush. Only then can a lime solution be used. By the way, it should be fresh, which means that you need to cook it on the same day. Otherwise, it will not act on insects as it should, and will not harm them, and burns can remain on the tree itself. To treat the garden from pests, you can use Bordeaux mixture, vitriol, as well as drugs such as Hom and Topaz.
Among the features of pruning fruit trees in spring, it is worth highlighting several of them. So, for a newly planted pear, it is always necessary to remove branches during this period, which, being too close to the stem, create an acute angle. This must be done in order to ensure the growth of seedlings, which is possible only at an obtuse angle from the trunk. When cutting branches, it is important to evenly distribute them around the entire circumference.
And if you also foresee everything to attract as your helpers and birds, then your worries will be completely reduced. To do this, it’s enough to install bird feeders in the garden for the winter, replenish the feeders with food, and for some useful birds, put bird houses and birdhouses so that the birds take them directly to the chicks site. Birds will repay the owners with good - they will do useful work: the destruction of pests.
Sowing material is applied from early July to early August in moist soil. Plants are planted only in spring. In winter, this planting material protects the soil from severe freezing and helps to better retain snow. It is not recommended to grow green plants in areas with rainfall below 500 mm, as well as in young fruit plantings.
Sprinkle with vitriol before flowering and a month before ripening.

Spring care for fruit trees: photos and video

1. Fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers begins from the second to third year after planting, if the necessary doses of nutrients were initially introduced into the planting pit

   Spring pruning and crown shaping

   Garden care includes spring top dressing of trees, contributing to nutrition and improving soil quality. All the necessary elements for plant growth are obtained through mineral fertilizers, so do not forget about them every year. Organic: compost, peat, manure is enough to use once every 2 to 3 years. Usually in the spring the soil is fed with nitrogen, and in the fall manure, phosphorus, and potassium are used.

We already wrote about how to properly shelter trees in the fall to protect them from rodents and the spring sun. But spring has come, and many gardeners are wondering: when to open trees?

In this case, it all depends on the material with which the trees were sheltered. If the trees are covered with coniferous spruce branches or agrotex, then you should not rush here. After all, spruce branch is a breathable material, and it can be safely left until the beginning of May.

The same applies to nonwovens. They also let air through perfectly, and you can take your time removing them from the trees.

But if dense materials, such as roofing material or films, were used to shelter the trees, then it is worthwhile to open the trees as early as possible to avoid undermining of the bark of the young tree.

Why is this necessary? For example, the roofing material is very heated by the sun, which causes the acceleration of the vegetation of the tree. At the same time, frost at night can adversely affect the tissues of the tree bark.

But you should not tighten shelters with “breathing” materials, because if you miss the formation of buds on a tree, you can damage them later.

So, we conclude: if the trees were covered with "non-breathing", that is, dense, non-breathable covering materials - you need to open the trees in early April. If, as a covering material, "breathing" covering materials, such as coniferous spruce branches or agrotex, were used, then you can take the time to remove these materials. However, it is worth removing them before the buds open.

After the end of winter, trees in the garden need careful maintenance, otherwise in the season you can be left without a crop.

Garden resuscitation for plants

Do not rush to trim, wait until the flower buds begin to wake up. Then the difference between the living and the affected branches will be best seen. All branches with frost pits are cut to living tissue, and the stem and the base of the skeletal branches are urgently whitened so that the situation is not exacerbated by burns from the hot spring sun. Before this, all affected areas in the places where the cortex is removed are cleaned to living tissue and treated with a 1% solution of iron sulfate (100 g per 10 l of water), and then covered with a mixture of clay and mullein.

Frozen trees after winter require good care: provide them with timely watering, top dressing, protection from pests and update if necessary. Moreover, it is important to fertilize not under the root, but on the sheet with micronutrient solutions such as Kristallon, Plantafol, Master or with a solution of ammonium nitrate (3-4 g per 1 liter of water). The interval between them is a decade. Multiplicity of top dressing - 3-4 times per summer. Thanks to this, the garden will recover faster.

Please note that the loss of part of the branches disturbed the balance between the aboveground part and the roots of your cherry or apricot. And the plant's juices with nutrients rush to their former growth points. And they, for example, are already five instead of ten. All this can cause excessive growth of green shoots.

Therefore, it is better to feed fertilizers in a concentration lower by one third than the manufacturer recommends on the package.

Determine the degree of damage to the fruit kidney

If in pears and apple trees it is immediately clear which gloves have suffered the most, then they are different with stone fruits. To do this, cut bouquet twigs and annual shoots from different parts of the crown, put into water and incubated for two weeks in the room. The next step is to make longitudinal and transverse sections of each of the kidneys. If they are healthy, their central part will be green. But the brown spot in the center is a signal that the eye has died. The death of growth buds is fully compensated by the awakening of sleeping kidneys. If the flower eyes are damaged, then you can say goodbye to the harvest this year.

If the tissue of the shoots on the cut is dark, and the buds are brown in the center, do not rush to trim. It is possible only after the awakening of plants, which must be strongly rejuvenated by removing all the dead and injured parts, with the transfer of branches to healthy lateral branches.

Skeletal branches will be shortened to 3-5 year old wood. Such a strong pruning stimulates the appearance of tops, with the help of which they restore the crown. Gardeners advise after such a rescue pruning to tie a shtamb and the main branches with burlap to prevent them from drying out. But it is better not to trim the growths of the same-year growth this year, since this delays the growth of the foliage that nourishes the plant. When working with trees, do not allow it!

Grafting with a bridge will save the tree

If the bark is damaged along the ring, the tree will die, because with the damage to the vessels, the upward outflow of photosynthesis products through the vessels of the bast is irreversibly disturbed. And here, no tree care after the winter will help. If the variety is very valuable, it will save only a complete restoration of the conductive system. This can only be achieved with a bridge, when several annual branches are inoculated with the “behind the bark” method, connecting the tissues above and below the site of damage.

To do this, you need to hurry and cut buds from the crown of the tree before buds open. They should be 20 cm longer than the damage zone. Before vaccination (it is done in May, when the bark is well behind wood) they are stored in the refrigerator.

If the plant is young and its stem is not thicker than 2.5 -3 cm, then two bridges grafted from different sides will be enough to save it.

In that case, if the trunk is thick, up to a dozen cuttings take root in it.

First, above and below the site of damage, the bark must be cleaned from dead parts. Then they retreat 2 cm above and below the rings of the frost war and make T-shaped cuts for each branch. At the ends that will be adjacent to the trunk, make oblique sections 2-3 cm in length. Then the ends of the cuttings lead into the cuts and secured with electrical tape. For reliability, you can fix it with studs. Open areas need to be thickly greased with var, the grafting spots should be wrapped with film or wrapped with a common ring of electrical tape. The main thing is to prevent the grafted bridges from germinating. If this happens, young shoots immediately break out. All open areas are covered with garden var. By autumn, cuttings will fully take root.

Rejuvenation of the tree with a complete crown replacement

Watch out for the broom on the stem! This is especially true for heavily growing plums, apricots, cherries, cherry plums and tree cherries. This measure is also suitable for tall old apple trees. In spring, the trunk needs to be cut at a meter height from the ground. Keep in mind that the coarser the bark, the less likely it is to wake up sleeping kidneys. Therefore, try to find at least one weak shoot and cut 2 cm above it. Sometimes it happens that after such a cardinal pruning, more than a dozen tops immediately shoot out of the cut. And here it is important not to blunder: leave 1-3 the strongest, bend, tied with a rope to the pegs, and remove the rest to the base.
Otherwise, you are threatened to become the owner of a curly broom on the stem.

With the help of pinching and forming from them, new skeletal branches can be grown, which will yield a crop as early as next year. The right thing to do with them is this: cut off their ends at a height of 60 cm, forcing them to branch, and in August stretch lateral branches that have grown back. If you miss the moment, spinning tops for a season can reach more than two meters in length.

Next year you need to do green pruning, tweezing and bending the branches of the second tier.

As soon as the air starts to smell in the spring, I want to go out gardenand do something useful, like putting things in order.

It hurts the eye is not too aesthetic shelterunder which the plants survived the winter. Hands themselves reach out to get rid of them. How to "strip" the plants so as not to make mistakes?

Alas, a universal recipe for   gardeners  does not exist. This risky business, a mistake can lead to the death of the plant. You open it early - the plants will freeze, you will be late - they will lie.

Much depends on the weather, climatic features of your area and the microclimate of your site, such as shelter, types of sheltered plants.

So, let’s take a closer look at the site’s material question: When to take shelter from plants in spring?

General rules for ridding plants of shelters

First of all, the strategy and tactics of getting rid of shelters depends on the purpose for which we covered the plants in late autumn. Shelters serve two different purposes, although often both at the same time - to protect against winter cold, sunburn and physiological withers.

So, we focus on the weather and proceed to the "undressing" of the plants when the night frosts are weakened, the snow completely melts and a positive temperature is established. In the middle lane, this occurs approximately in the beginning-mid-April, the air temperature at this time is set at around 5 -10 ° C.

Removing shelters is a big stress for plants. To reduce it, we accustom the plants in advance to the fact that they will have to “walk” without clothes, begin to harden them - ventilate the shelter at a positive day temperature, and in the event of a cold snap we close it again.

Airing helps reduce moisture, but it does not replace drainage - if the plants are in a puddle, you will have to grab a shovel and make grooves to drain melt water. Excessive moisture is the main spring hazard. Plants can die from aging, and a humid environment is favorable for the development of infections.

We remove the shelters gradually, layer by layer, stretching the procedure for several days. It is better to choose a cloudy day without precipitation and wind, or to take cover from the plant in the evening - so we will smooth out the fluctuations in illumination, and it will be easier for plants to adapt.

For work, we need gloves (when working with roses, it is better to use special ones that are dense), a wheelbarrow, a pitchfork, a rake (ordinary and fan). Some plants may need "first aid" - so we keep on hand secateurs and garden var or similar formulations.

If the sun

The dangerous period for evergreens is March and early April. At this time, the sun shines brightly in spring, and the snow reflects the sun's rays, many times increasing their negative impact.

Most evergreens are not as frightened as spring sunburns. This group includes many conifers, rhododendrons, mahonia, and evergreen perennials.

Properly chosen landing site (with natural shading from aggressive midday rays and competent agricultural technology significantly reduce the risk of damage.

It should be remembered that susceptibility to sunburns to a large extent depends on the variety, often the most beautiful varieties are more vulnerable. Some species and varieties are especially badly burned, for example, spruce (Picea glauca) Conica.

A sunburn is not always immediately noticeable - the plants are peppy and green, and after a while their outfit acquires a characteristic grayish-brown color and begins to crumble. Wrapped plants receive little light, so you can’t remove the shelter abruptly - the plants must rebuild the physiological processes, and this takes time.

On the first day, untie the upper part of the shelter, and then remove layer by layer (ideally, one layer per day). Even when you have “stripped” the plants completely, make a screen on the south side for several days to shade from sunlight in the middle of the day.

With the early removal of the shelter, evergreens also suffer from physiological drought: the roots are in cold soil and are still sleeping, and the ground part heated by the sun has already woken up and has begun to evaporate moisture. To help the plants, we shade them and pour them with warm water (about 50 ° C) so that the roots “work”.

If frost

Roses, clematis and other thermophilic plants shelter from winter cold, most of which are unstable in a specific climatic zone. Roses suffer more from aging than from frost. Therefore, take care of removing excess meltwater, and when a positive air temperature is established, ventilate the shelter if necessary (if you have a frame air-dry shelter, open it from the ends).

After removing the shelter, it is necessary to shade the queen of flowers in order to avoid sunburn. We do not raise the climbing and stem roses and clematis immediately, but when the soil is finally thawed.

We dig the soil from the root neck in the last turn, when the buds begin to swell (after about two weeks) - the earthing will protect the root neck of the roses in case of an unexpected return of cold weather.

We do this very carefully so as not to damage the awakened kidneys - with a small hoe, a scoop or just hands in tight gloves. At the same time, we carry out the final spring pruning.

Ambulance plants

Immediately after the final removal of shelters, we carry out sanitary pruning of plants. Damaged shoots - frozen, rooted, eaten by rodents, affected by mushrooms, dry and broken - cut into a ring or kidney to healthy tissue (you can not make a cut in the middle of the internode - the section to the underlying kidney will still die and can become a hotbed of infection).

We burn the cut off parts of plants. We cover thick sections and frost-holes (cracks in the bark) with garden var or similar compositions.

Clematis should be trimmed with extreme caution - they have very fragile shoots. If you have not cut them in the fall or forgot what pruning a particular variety needs, wait until the buds are swollen and remove any excess.

It is also useful to carry out preventive treatment with fungicides, especially true for roses.

What to do next

What to do next depends on the material of the shelter. Reusable shelters (burlap, kraft paper, straw mats, reed mats, boxes, designer "houses"), dry well in the sun and clean until autumn.

Non-woven materials (lutrasil, spanbond and their analogues) can be used to shade open plants and save them from return frosts that can damage buds and young shoots.

The foliage that we used for shelter, most likely, has already begun to decay. So let it rot, but in a compost box | treat it with bacterial preparations to speed up the process).

Part of the foliage can be left near the plants, planting it in the soil. If you used shoots of herbaceous plants for shelter, then we send them to the bonfire along with bald spruce branches. In this case, do not forget about safety measures - dry shoots are planted in small portions into the fire - they instantly flare up and fly apart even from a gentle breeze.

If you do not have a specially equipped fireplace, then for burning spring garbage it is good to adapt an old barrel, and use the resulting ash as a fertilizer.

Output: - After reading the article, we hope you received an answer to the question: When to take shelter from plants in spring?